CN104192113B - Hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device - Google Patents

Hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104192113B
CN104192113B CN201410470800.XA CN201410470800A CN104192113B CN 104192113 B CN104192113 B CN 104192113B CN 201410470800 A CN201410470800 A CN 201410470800A CN 104192113 B CN104192113 B CN 104192113B
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motor
retarder
brake
carrying vehicle
wheel
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CN104192113A (en
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唐金花
王奎洋
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Jiangsu University of Technology
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Jiangsu University of Technology
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Abstract

nullThe invention discloses a kind of hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device,It includes epicyclic train、Friction brake、Motor and Retarder,Epicyclic train includes planet carrier、Sun gear、Gear ring and multiple planetary gear,Planetary gear is arranged between sun gear and gear ring,And it is meshed with sun gear and gear ring respectively,Gear ring is fixing with wheel hub to be connected,Planetary gear is also arranged on planet carrier,Planet carrier is fixing shape,Friction brake includes braking clamp body、Brake pad group and brake disc,Brake disc is fixing with wheel hub to be connected,Brake pad group is arranged on braking clamp body,And it matches with brake disc,Retarder has driving wheel、Fixed wheel and housing,Fixed wheel is fixedly connected with the casing,One end of the rotary shaft of motor is connected with driving wheel by electromagnetic clutch,The other end of the rotary shaft of motor is fixing with sun gear to be connected.The present invention not only combines friction brake, motor regenerative braking and the function of Retarder, and can eliminate the empty of Retarder and damage energy consumption.

Description

Hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device, belong to vehicle brake technology's neck Territory.
Background technology
At present, hub motor type load-carrying vehicle is long lasting for braking, high intensity braking or when frequently braking, brake disc Or break drum temperature can significantly raise so that friction factor declines, the degree of wear increases the weight of, and brake efficiency part occurs very Dangerous heat fading phenomenon to total loss.Although anti-blocking brake system (ABS), EBD (EBD) Deng application improve stability and the reliability of car braking, but they are to the heat fading phenomenon effect of brake very Micro-.At present, more than the many countries clear stipulaties certain specification including China passenger vehicle, bogie must be installed Complemental brake system, the load of effective Split flow brake device, improves car braking security performance.Retarder is vehicle auxiliary system One of dynamic device, mainly has Retarder and current vortex retarder two kinds.
Retarder, also referred to as hydraulic retarder, be generally mounted to variator above or below, inside be provided with driving wheel with Fixed wheel, driving wheel is connected with Retarder power shaft, and fixed wheel is connected with Retarder housing.Transmission input shaft Or output shaft drives Retarder power shaft to rotate, during work, in working chamber, it is filled with a certain amount of fluid, driving wheel as requested Drive fluid to rotate impact fixed wheel, a part of vehicle braking energy is changed into the heat energy of fluid, passes through cooling heat radiation system Dissipate, it is achieved vehicle retarder brake, the purpose of raising heat resistanceheat resistant decline performance.But, this Retarder acts on The retarder brake moment of each wheel can not independent regulation, and need oil to-water heat exchanger and and engine-cooling system thereof Connection pipeline, volume is relatively big, high expensive, assembling relative difficulty.Owing to hub motor type load-carrying vehicle eliminates biography The drive system of system load-carrying vehicle and electromotor, the most above-mentioned Retarder is not suitable for hub motor type load-carrying vehicle.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is the defect overcoming prior art, it is provided that a kind of hub motor type load-carrying vehicle Mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device, it not only combines friction brake, motor regenerative braking and the function of Retarder, Work by coordinating friction brake, again generator and Retarder, insensitivity, comfortableness can ensured Under premise, make full use of regeneration motor and reclaim braking energy, open Retarder Split flow brake load if desired, reduce Friction brake weares and teares, and prevents heat fading phenomenon from occurring, and can eliminate the empty of Retarder and damage energy consumption.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that a kind of hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic is multiple Conjunction brake unit, it includes epicyclic train, friction brake, motor and Retarder, and epicyclic train includes row Carrier, sun gear, gear ring and multiple planetary gear, planetary gear is arranged between sun gear and gear ring, and respectively with Sun gear and gear ring are meshed, and gear ring is fixing with wheel hub to be connected, and planetary gear is also arranged on planet carrier, and planet carrier is in solid Determining shape, friction brake includes braking clamp body, brake pad group and brake disc, and brake disc is fixing with wheel hub to be connected, brake pad Group is arranged on braking clamp body, and it cooperates to when car braking makes braking clamp body action with brake disc, braking Brake pad group is pressed to brake disc and produces friction brake force obstruction hub rotation by caliper, and Retarder has driving wheel, fixed wheel And housing, be provided with slow working chamber in housing, housing, electric machine casing and braking clamp body are fixedly connected sequentially, fixed wheel and Driving wheel is arranged in slow working chamber, and fixed wheel is fixedly connected with the casing, and electromagnetism is passed through in one end of the rotary shaft of motor Clutch is connected with driving wheel, and the other end of the rotary shaft of motor is fixing with sun gear to be connected, and electromagnetic clutch is arranged on driving wheel And will pass through engaging or separate and ordering about rotary shaft same of driving wheel and motor of electromagnetic clutch between the rotary shaft of motor Step rotates or relatively rotates.
Further for realizing the cooling of cooling medium in Retarder and heat radiation, described Retarder also has Cooling heat radiation system, described Retarder also has cooling heat radiation system, and this cooling heat radiation system includes pump, import Pipeline, outlet conduit and radiator, the outlet of slow working chamber, outlet conduit, radiator, inlet pipeline and slow work The import making chamber is sequentially connected the logical cooling medium closed circuit that formed, and the rotary shaft of described pump is fixing with driving wheel to be connected, And the pressure portion of pump is connected in cooling medium closed circuit so that pump work drives cooling when electromagnetic clutch engages Cooling medium flowing in medium circulating circuit.
Further for the steam can collected in cooling medium closed circuit, meet simultaneously Retarder work time pair The requirement of cooling medium liquid measure, cooling medium closed circuit connects and has compensation medium case.
Further for regulating the filling amount of Retarder, and then control the retarder brake torque of Retarder, Cooling heat radiation system also includes controlling the inlet throttle control valve of coolant circulation in inlet pipeline and controlling outlet The outlet throttling control valve of coolant circulation in road, described inlet throttle control valve is connected on inlet pipeline, described Outlet throttling control valve be connected on outlet conduit.
Further providing a kind of inlet throttle control valve and/or the concrete structure of outlet throttling control valve, inlet throttle controls Valve and/or outlet throttling control valve include driving motor, spool and screw body and having the valve body of circulation passage, drive Motor is flexibly connected with spool by screw body, and spool is positioned at circulation passage and by driving driven by motor spool Move in circulation passage thus change the flow area size of circulation passage.
Further for the heat-sinking capability of enhancing radiator, cooling heat radiation system also includes temperature sensor and cooling fan, Temperature sensor is arranged on the exit temperature for use in sensing cooling medium of slow working chamber, the air-out of cooling fan Mouthful just to radiator, and cool down fan and temperature sensor cooperates to then open when coolant temperature exceedes threshold value Cooling fan is then closed when opening cooling fan work and Dang Dang coolant temperature less than threshold value.
Further provide the concrete structure of a kind of electromagnetic clutch, described electromagnetic clutch include magnetic conductive disk, magnetic powder, Magnetic powder room and can the excitation coil of external power supply, magnetic conductive disk is solidly set in the rotary shaft of motor, and excitation coil is arranged on driving wheel On the upper position corresponding with magnetic conductive disk, it is indoor that magnetic powder is distributed in magnetic powder, and magnetic powder room is positioned at excitation coil and magnetic conductive disk Between.
Further, described excitation coil is connected with external power source by electric devices, and this electric devices includes slip ring, carbon Brush and relay, excitation coil, slip ring, carbon brush are connected with external power source after being electrically connected with mutually with relay.
After have employed technique scheme, the present invention has a following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention is integrated with friction brake, Retarder and motor regenerative braking capability, compact conformation, and often Being respectively mounted this device on individual wheel hub, the retarder brake moment of each wheel hub can be with independent regulation, it is adaptable to high between three The Integrating controls strategies of quality;
2, the present invention uses independent cooling system, utilizes radiator heat-dissipation, and radiator can be installed on vehicle bottom, profit By vehicle bottom air flow radiating heat, eliminate oil to-water heat exchanger, do not rely on traditional engine cooling system, tool There is simple in construction, arrange the advantages such as convenience, good heat dissipation effect;
3, the present invention by controlling the access of electromagnetic clutch and can separate, thus effectively eliminates Retarder Empty damage energy consumption, it is provided that effectively retarder brake function;
4, the pump of the present invention is driven by wheel, can be further with vehicle braking energy;
5, the present invention does not relies on the drive system of tradition load-carrying vehicle, is suitable for hub motor type load-carrying vehicle.
6, the present invention is by controlling outlet throttling control valve and inlet throttle control valve, thus control respectively outlet conduit and The circulation of inlet pipeline, thus vehicle retarder brake moment effectively is provided.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the electromagnetic clutch of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is inlet throttle control valve and the structural representation of outlet throttling control valve of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view of the radiator of the Retarder of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
It is clearly understood to make present disclosure be easier to, below according to specific embodiment and combine accompanying drawing, to this Invention is described in further detail.
As shown in figures 1-4, a kind of hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device, it include epicyclic train, Friction brake, motor 21 and Retarder, epicyclic train includes planet carrier 3, sun gear 4, gear ring 22 and Multiple planetary gears 5, planetary gear 5 is arranged between sun gear 4 and gear ring 22, and respectively with sun gear 4 and tooth Circle 22 is meshed, and gear ring 22 is fixing with wheel hub 1 to be connected, and planetary gear 5 is also arranged on planet carrier 3, planet carrier 3 In fixing shape, friction brake includes braking clamp body 7, brake pad group 8 and brake disc 6, and brake disc 6 is solid with wheel hub 1 Fixed connection, brake pad group 8 is arranged on braking clamp body 7, and it cooperates to when car braking makes with brake disc 6 During braking clamp body 7 action, brake pad group 8 is pressed to brake disc 6 and produces friction brake force obstruction wheel hub 1 by braking clamp body 7 Rotating, Retarder has driving wheel 11, fixed wheel 10 and housing, is provided with slow working chamber, housing, electricity in housing Casing body and braking clamp body 7 are fixedly connected sequentially, and fixed wheel 10 and driving wheel 11 are arranged in slow working chamber, and fixed Wheel 10 is fixedly connected with the casing, and one end of the rotary shaft 9 of motor 21 is connected with driving wheel 11 by electromagnetic clutch 20, The other end of the rotary shaft 9 of motor 21 is fixing with sun gear 4 to be connected, and electromagnetic clutch 20 is arranged on driving wheel 11 and electricity Driving wheel 11 and the rotation of motor 21 is ordered about with the joint or separation that will pass through electromagnetic clutch 20 between the rotary shaft 9 of machine 21 The synchronous axial system of rotating shaft 9 or relatively rotate.When motor 21 obtains electric work, planet carrier 3 is fixed, and rotary shaft 9 is by too Sun wheel 4 drive gear ring and the wheel 2 being fixed on wheel hub 1 rotate, and drive running car;During car braking, wheel 2 Rotate generating, recovery section braking energy by wheel hub 1, gear ring, sun gear 4 drive motor 21 rotary shaft 9, and produce Raw certain braking moment.When needs Retarder works, electromagnetic clutch 20 adhesive, the rotary shaft of motor 21 9 drive driving wheel 11 to rotate, and produce retarder brake moment;When need not Retarder work, electromagnetic clutch 20 Separating, between the rotary shaft 9 of motor 21 and driving wheel 11, power transmission disconnects, and driving wheel 11 does not rotates, and can eliminate fluid power The empty of retarder damages energy consumption.
As it is shown in figure 1, Retarder also has cooling heat radiation system, this cooling heat radiation system includes pump 12, inlet tube Road, outlet conduit and radiator 16, the outlet of slow working chamber, outlet conduit, radiator 16, inlet pipeline ease up The import of speed working chamber is sequentially connected the logical cooling medium closed circuit that formed, and the rotary shaft of pump 12 is fixing with driving wheel 11 even Connect, and the pressure portion of pump 12 be connected in cooling medium closed circuit so as when electromagnetic clutch 20 to engage pump 12 Work drives the cooling medium flowing in cooling medium closed circuit.As it is shown in figure 1, connect on cooling medium closed circuit There is compensation medium case 14.As it is shown in figure 1, cooling heat radiation system also includes temperature sensor 19 and cooling fan 15, temperature Degree sensor 19 is arranged on the exit temperature for use in sensing cooling medium of slow working chamber, cooling fan 15 Air outlet is just to radiator 16, and cools down fan 15 and temperature sensor 19 cooperates to when coolant temperature surpasses Then open cooling fan 15 when crossing threshold value work and then close cooling fan 15 when coolant temperature is less than threshold value.If Oil liquid temperature reaches the higher limit allowed, then control unit limits Retarder work, and by warning display lamp or sound Ring and remind driver to note.Compensation medium case 14 is installed on the lower section of vehicle tail, and position is slightly higher compared with radiator 16 etc.. Cooling fan 15, radiator 16 and shutter 17 connect as one, and are installed on the lower section of vehicle rear-side, are basically parallel to Ground.When Retarder does not works, shutter 17 is closed, and reduces air drag;During Retarder work, hundred Leaf window 17 is opened, and vehicle bottom air stream takes away cooling medium heat through radiator 16, if coolant temperature is still Higher, then can start cooling fan 15 and carry out forced heat radiation.Pump 12 housing is fixing with the housing of Retarder to be connected, Its rotary shaft is fixing with driving wheel 11 to be connected, and when electromagnetic clutch 20 engages, pump 12 rotary shaft supporting roller 11 rotates together, Fluid is pressed in Retarder working chamber.
As it is shown in figure 1, cooling heat radiation system also includes controlling the inlet throttle control valve of coolant circulation in inlet pipeline 13 and control the outlet throttling control valve 18 of coolant circulation in outlet conduit, inlet throttle control valve 13 is connected to On inlet pipeline, outlet throttling control valve 18 is connected on outlet conduit.As it is shown on figure 3, inlet throttle control valve 13 And/or outlet throttling control valve 18 includes driving motor 13-2, spool 13-3 and screw body and having circulation passage Valve body 13-1, drives motor 13-2 to be flexibly connected with spool 13-3 by screw body, and spool 13-3 is positioned at circulation passage In and move in circulation passage by driving motor 13-2 band movable valve plug 13-3 thus change the circulation of circulation passage Cross-sectional sizes.Control unit controls to drive motor 13-2 to rotate as required, will drive motor 13-2 by screw body Rotary motion be changed into the rectilinear movement of spool 13-3, make the flow area of throttling control valve change.Import saves Flow control valve 13 is connected with radiator 16 outlet, and cooling medium enters slow working chamber by it;Outlet throttling controls Valve 18 is connected with radiator 16 entrance, and the fluid after energy-absorbing heats up is entered radiator 16 by it.If inlet throttle controls Valve 13 flow area is big, outlet throttling control valve 18 flow area is little, then the liquid filled ratio of Retarder is high, brake force Square is big;If inlet throttle control valve 13 flow area is little, outlet throttling control valve 18 flow area big, then hydrodynamic retarding The liquid filled ratio of device is low, and braking moment is little.
As in figure 2 it is shown, electromagnetic clutch 20 includes magnetic conductive disk 20-6, magnetic powder 20-2, magnetic powder room and can external power supply Excitation coil 20-3, magnetic conductive disk 20-6 are solidly set in the rotary shaft of motor 21, and excitation coil 20-3 is arranged on driving wheel 11 On the upper position corresponding with magnetic conductive disk 20-6, it is indoor that magnetic powder 20-2 is distributed in magnetic powder, and magnetic powder room is positioned at excitation line Between circle 20-3 and magnetic conductive disk 20-6.Excitation coil 20-3 is connected with external power source by electric devices, this electrical group Part includes that slip ring, carbon brush 20-1 and relay, excitation coil, slip ring, carbon brush 20-1 and relay the most electrically connect It is connected with external power source after connecing.Magnetizing coil 20-3 is installed in driving wheel housing 20-4, by carbon brush 20-1, slip ring, Relay is connected with power supply, it is thus achieved that around produce magnetic field after power supply.Driving wheel 11 is revolved with motor by rolling bearing 20-5 Rotating shaft 9 is connected, and both can be freely rotatable when magnetizing coil 20-3 does not has electric current to pass through.Magnetic powder 20-2 is permissible Magnetized 30~50 μm steel fine-particle powders, when magnetizing coil 20-3 does not has electric current to pass through, magnetic powder 20-2 is not subject to The action of a magnetic field, is loosely distributed in magnetic powder indoor, and electromagnetic clutch 20 is released state, the now rotary shaft of motor 21 9 can be freely rotatable with driving wheel 11;When magnetizing coil 20-3 has electric current to pass through, magnetic powder 20-2 is fast under the action of a magnetic field Rapid hardening is solid, " loose " state hold up in chain, forms " solid magnetic linkage " in magnetic field, and electromagnetic clutch 20 is for connecing Conjunction state, connects as one the rotary shaft 9 of motor 21 with driving wheel 11.Magnetic conductive disk 20-6 is by spline and motor 21 Rotary shaft 9 be connected, along with the rotary shaft 9 of motor 21 rotates together.When Retarder does not works, electromagnetism from Clutch 20 separates, and the rotary shaft 9 of motor 21 can not drive driving wheel 11 to rotate, and can eliminate the empty damage of Retarder Energy consumption;During Retarder work, electromagnetic clutch 20 engages, and the rotary shaft 9 of motor 21 drives driving wheel 11 to rotate, Realize vehicle retarder brake function.
Particular embodiments described above, to present invention solves the technical problem that, technical scheme and beneficial effect entered One step describes in detail, be it should be understood that the specific embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention, is not limited to The present invention, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. done, all should wrap Within being contained in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device, it is characterised in that: it includes planetary gear System, friction brake, motor (21) and Retarder, epicyclic train include planet carrier (3), sun gear (4), Gear ring (22) and multiple planetary gear (5), planetary gear (5) is arranged between sun gear (4) and gear ring (22), And being meshed with sun gear (4) and gear ring (22) respectively, gear ring (22) is fixing with wheel hub (1) to be connected, planet Gear (5) is also arranged on planet carrier (3), and planet carrier (3) includes braking clamp body in fixing shape, friction brake (7), brake pad group (8) and brake disc (6), brake disc (6) is fixing with wheel hub (1) to be connected, brake pad group (8) It is arranged on braking clamp body (7), and it cooperates to when car braking makes braking clamp body (7) with brake disc (6) During action, brake pad group (8) is pressed to brake disc (6) and produces friction brake force obstruction wheel hub (1) by braking clamp body (7) Rotating, Retarder has driving wheel (11), fixed wheel (10) and housing, is provided with slow working chamber, shell in housing Body, electric machine casing and braking clamp body (7) are fixedly connected sequentially, and fixed wheel (10) and driving wheel (11) are arranged at slowly In working chamber, and fixed wheel (10) is fixedly connected with the casing, and one end of the rotary shaft (9) of motor (21) is by electricity Magnet clutch (20) is connected with driving wheel (11), the other end of the rotary shaft (9) of motor (21) and sun gear (4) Fixing connect, electromagnetic clutch (20) be arranged between the rotary shaft (9) of driving wheel (11) and motor (21) so that Rotary shaft (9) same of driving wheel (11) and motor (21) is ordered about by the joint of electromagnetic clutch (20) or separation Step rotates or relatively rotates.
Hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Described Retarder also has cooling heat radiation system, and this cooling heat radiation system includes pump (12), inlet pipeline, goes out Mouthful pipeline and radiator (16), the outlet of slow working chamber, outlet conduit, radiator (16), inlet pipeline and slow The import of working chamber is sequentially connected the logical cooling medium closed circuit that formed, the rotary shaft of described pump (12) and driving wheel (11) Fix and connect, and the pressure portion of pump (12) is connected in cooling medium closed circuit so that when electromagnetic clutch (20) Cooling medium flowing in pump (12) work drives cooling medium closed circuit during joint.
Hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: Connect on cooling medium closed circuit and have compensation medium case (14).
4. according to the hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device described in Claims 2 or 3, its feature Be: cooling heat radiation system also include controlling coolant circulation in inlet pipeline inlet throttle control valve (13) and The outlet throttling control valve (18) of coolant circulation, described inlet throttle control valve (13) in control outlet conduit Being connected on inlet pipeline, described outlet throttling control valve (18) is connected on outlet conduit.
Hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: Inlet throttle control valve (13) and/or outlet throttling control valve (18) include driving motor (13-2), spool (13-3) With screw body and the valve body (13-1) that has circulation passage, drive motor (13-2) by screw body and spool (13-3) being flexibly connected, spool (13-3) is positioned at circulation passage and by driving motor (13-2) to drive valve Core (13-3) moves in circulation passage thus changes the flow area size of circulation passage.
6. according to the hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device described in Claims 2 or 3, its feature It is: cooling heat radiation system also includes temperature sensor (19) and cooling fan (15), and temperature sensor (19) sets Putting the temperature for use in sensing cooling medium in the exit of slow working chamber, the air outlet of cooling fan (15) is the most right Radiator (16), and cool down fan (15) and temperature sensor (19) cooperates to when coolant temperature surpasses Then open cooling fan (15) work when crossing threshold value and then close cooling fan (15) when coolant temperature is less than threshold value.
7. according to the hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, its It is characterised by: described electromagnetic clutch (20) includes magnetic conductive disk (20-6), magnetic powder (20-2), magnetic powder room and can be outward Connecing the excitation coil (20-3) of power supply, magnetic conductive disk (20-6) is solidly set in the rotary shaft of motor (21), excitation coil (20-3) Being arranged on the upper position corresponding with magnetic conductive disk (20-6) of driving wheel (11), it is indoor that magnetic powder (20-2) is distributed in magnetic powder, And magnetic powder room is positioned between excitation coil (20-3) and magnetic conductive disk (20-6).
Hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: Described excitation coil (20-3) is connected with external power source by electric devices, and this electric devices includes slip ring, carbon brush (20-1) And relay, excitation coil, slip ring, carbon brush (20-1) are connected with external power source after being electrically connected with mutually with relay.
CN201410470800.XA 2014-09-16 2014-09-16 Hub motor type load-carrying vehicle mechanical electronic hydraulic composite braking device Active CN104192113B (en)

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