CN103695318A - Phosphorus-dissolving fungi and method for preparing biological phosphate fertilizer through fermenting edible fungi residues by phosphorus-dissolving fungi - Google Patents
Phosphorus-dissolving fungi and method for preparing biological phosphate fertilizer through fermenting edible fungi residues by phosphorus-dissolving fungi Download PDFInfo
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- CN103695318A CN103695318A CN201310708250.6A CN201310708250A CN103695318A CN 103695318 A CN103695318 A CN 103695318A CN 201310708250 A CN201310708250 A CN 201310708250A CN 103695318 A CN103695318 A CN 103695318A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to phosphorus-dissolving fungi and a method for preparing a biological phosphate fertilizer through fermenting edible fungi residues by the phosphorus-dissolving fungi, belonging to the technical field of microorganism fertilizers. Aspergillus niger YSH stain is used as the phosphorus-dissolving fungi and preserved in China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) on November 18, 2013, and has a preservation number of CGMCC No.8480. The various edible fungi residues can be thoroughly decomposed to convert into biological phosphate fertilizer in seven days through a composting fermentation method by the phosphorus-dissolving fungi. The prepared biological phosphate fertilizer has good acceleration function on the growth and yield of crops such as rapes and tomatoes, and can replace chemical phosphate fertilizers. The prepared biological phosphate fertilizer has features of low cost, high fertilizer efficiency, no residue, and safety for persons and animals, so that the biological phosphate fertilizer is a high efficient biological microorganism fertilizer in the organic agriculture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to utilize a kind of phosphorus decomposing fungi and utilize its fermentation edible fungi residue to prepare the method for biologic phosphorus fertilizer, microorganism belonging to genus bacterial manure technical field.
Background technology
Phosphorus is one of growth and development of plants institute essential nutrient element, and the effect in the g and D of plant is only second to nitrogen.There is 74% arable land in China in lacking phosphorus state, in order to ensure the nutrition of the necessary phosphorus element of crop growth, must in agricultural land soil, apply a large amount of chemical phosphatic ferfilizers every year.But the chemical fertilizer applying only has 5%～25% can be absorbed and used by plants, overwhelming majority phosphate fertilizer other composition in very fast and soil reacts and becomes the insoluble phosphate that plant can not absorb or be stranded in (Singh & Kapoor, 1994) in soil with ADSORPTION STATE form.Phosphate solubilizing microorganism can be by the various organic acids of secretion, the approach dissolution of minerals phosphorus such as mineral acid, and discharging titanium pigment needs (Song et al., 2008) for plant-growth.Mushroom industry is one of specialty industries of greatly developing of China.According to the output of current artificial culture edible mushrooms, annual bacterium slag output is 1,000 ten thousand tons of left and right.And along with the increasing of policy guidance and support dynamics, bacterium slag output will increase and increase along with artificial edible mushrooms output.At present, the recycle of bacterium slag is mainly concentrated on to fertilizer, seedling medium and fuel aspect abroad.Utilize fertilizer and the seedling medium of bacterium slag fermentative production to be not only conducive to improve Soil structure, increase fertility, and have good effect for removing soil Some Organic Pollutants.Chiu et al. (2009) utilizes flat mushroom bacterium slag muck Fei petroleum industry district to use, and for removing pedo relict oil and restoration of the ecosystem, has good effect.Lau et al
.(2003) report is used flat mushroom bacterium slag muck fertilizer and can effectively be removed poly-ring aromatic compounds (PAH) pollutant in soil.Law et al
.(2003) utilize the chemical pesticide pentachlorophenol residue in the fertile effectively removal of flat mushroom bacterium slag muck environment.Aspect energy utilization, the fuel product of bacterium slag and colliery residue hybrid process even can be substituted to industrial coal (Ryu et al., 2008; Karen et al., 2009).The domestic report of the utilization to bacterium slag is mainly reflected in the base fertilizer (Wang Yangjun etc., 2006) as fruit tree, flowers, vegetable seedling substrate (Li Xiaoqiang etc., 2006), biogas fermentation substrate (the purple dream grain husk of burnt radium &, 2003).In general, the utilization of bacterium slag aspect fertilizer is maximum.From the above-mentioned approach that utilizes, can find out, the added value that bacterium slag as fertilizer sources, fuel are used is not high.And the domestic enterprise that realizes bacterium slag mass-producing recycle is few, a large amount of bacterium slags are abandoned in the presence of rubbish, have both wasted resource, also cause serious environmental pollution (white pollution that comprises bacterium bag).The recycle that how to realize to high added value this resource has important economic worth and social effect to the large province of edible fungus culturing.The bio-feritlizer that utilizes phosphorus decomposing fungi fermentation bacterium slag to prepare not only has the efficient of conventional fertilizer, also has the function of microorganism phosphate fertilizer, and application prospect is very wide.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of phosphorus decomposing fungi and utilize its fermentation edible fungi residue to prepare the method for biologic phosphorus fertilizer.This phosphorus decomposing fungi microorganism used is aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerySH bacterial strain, this phosphorus decomposing fungi energy quick composting edible fungi residue, utilizes biologic phosphorus fertilizer prepared by this microorganism both to have the function of conventional fertilizer; Meanwhile, in bacterial manure, contain the phosphorus decomposing fungi that biomass is very high, can directly as phosphate solubilizing bacterial manure instead of chemical phosphate fertilizer, in agriculture production, apply.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Phosphorus decomposing fungi of the present invention microorganism used is the ordinary method that adopts screening phosphate solubilizing microorganism, and from Guizhou Province Wengfu phosphorus ore factory shrub plant Rhizosphere Soil, screening obtains phosphorus decomposing fungi
aspergillus nigerySH bacterial strain.For aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerbacterial strain, this bacterial strain on November 18th, 2013 is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preserving number: CGMCC 8480.
Aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerySH CGMCC 8480 bacterial strains are at CA substratum (NaNo
33g, K
2hPO
41g, KCl 0.5g, MgSO
47H
2o 0.5g, FeSO
47H
2o 0.01g, sucrose 30g, agar 15g, moisturizing is to 1000ml) to cultivate 6 days at upper 25 ℃, bacterium colony is circular, and surface is dark-brown or black.Conidiosporangium diameter 11-20 μ m, spherical, dark-brown, along with the prolongation of incubation time is separated into many single-row gradually.Conidiophore is transparent, or dimmed towards sporangial part.Conidial head two row, with brown bottle stalk, spore is spherical or closely spherical, diameter 3.6-5.5 μ m, dark-brown or black, appearance is coarse.Conidium size is 2.5-5 μ m (length) * 3-4.5 μ m (wide).
The method of utilizing phosphorus decomposing fungi fermentation edible fungi residue to prepare biologic phosphorus fertilizer of the present invention, the method comprises:
Aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerthe seed culture of YSH CGMCC 8480 bacterial strains: by aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerthe thalline of YSH CGMCC 8480 is inoculated in PDA medium slant, cultivates after 4-8 days at 20-30 ℃ and obtains inclined-plane seed, and PDA substratum is: peeling potato 200g chopping, with water boil, after 30 minutes, cross leaching filtrate, sucrose 20g, agar 20g, moisturizing to 1000 ml, pH nature; Inclined-plane seed is inoculated in the PDA substratum in triangular flask, 20-30 ℃, under 100-250 rpm condition, shaking table is cultivated and within 4-7 days, is obtained liquid seeds; By liquid seeds by volume in the MC substratum in the ratio access fermentor tank of per-cent 1.5-5.5%, the cultivation rising in fermentor tank at 10-1000 obtains a large amount of liquid seeds, MC substratum is: molasses 30 g, Semen Maydis powder 5g, ammonium sulfate 5g, sodium-chlor 6g, potassium dihydrogen sulfate 0.5g, tricalcium phosphate 5g, water 1000 ml, pH 6.5-7.0.The condition of fermentor cultivation is controlled at: temperature 26-30 ℃, stirring velocity 100-200rpm, fermentation time 4-6 days;
(2) aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerySH CGMCC 8480 strain fermentation bacterium slags are prepared biologic phosphorus fertilizer: by broken the breaing up of waste edible fungus bacterium ground-slag, by waste edible fungus bacterium slag and the peat composed of rotten mosses by weight after mixing to the ratio of 1:10 for 10:1, by 0.1% to 10% inoculated aspergillus niger of matrix weight
aspergillus nigerySH CGMCC 8480 strain liquid seeds, after fully mixing, water content of substrate is adjusted to 40-55%, by final matrix indoor by trapezoidal stacking, fermenting after 7 days fermentation end product to dry below or dry to moisture content at 65 ℃ is less than 5%, makes bio-bacterial manure after pulverizing.
The method of utilizing phosphorus decomposing fungi fermentation edible fungi residue to prepare biologic phosphorus fertilizer of the present invention, in described method, the bacterium slag of utilization mainly comprises the bacterium slag of flat mushroom, mushroom, needle mushroom, Twospore Mushroom, straw mushroom.
The present invention utilizes phosphorus decomposing fungi aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerbiological organic fertilizer prepared by YSH CGMCC 8480 strain fermentation edible fungi residues alternative chemical phosphatic ferfilizer in the higher soil of soil phosphorus phosphate content.
Effect of the present invention: utilize aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerbiological organic fertilizer prepared by YSH CGMCC 8480 strain fermentation edible fungi residues has that cost is low, fertilizer efficiency good, pollution-free, the feature to person poultry safety, is the efficient substitute products of chemical phosphatic ferfilizer in Organic farming plantation.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerthe cultivation of YSH CGMCC 8480 bacterial strains
Aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerySH CGMCC 8480 bacterial strain test tube slant seed culture: the thalline of this bacterial strain is inoculated in PDA medium slant, cultivates after 5 days at 28 ℃ and obtain inclined-plane seed.
Aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerthe cultivation of YSH CGMCC 8480 strain liquid seeds: inclined-plane seed is inoculated into MC substratum (molasses 30 g in triangular flask, Semen Maydis powder 5g, ammonium sulfate 5g, sodium-chlor 6g, potassium dihydrogen sulfate 0.5g, tricalcium phosphate 5g, water 1000 ml, pH 6.5-7.0), in, 28 ℃, under 200 rpm conditions, cultivate acquisition in 5 days.
The fermentor tank of aspergillus niger CGMCC 8480 strain liquid seeds is cultivated in a large number: by liquid seeds in 1.5-5.5%(V/V) ratio access fermentor tank in MC substratum in, the culture condition rising in fermentor tank at 10-1000 is controlled at: temperature 26-30 ℃, stirring velocity 100-200rpm, fermentation time 4-6 days.
Embodiment 2: aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerthe packed edible fungi residue of YSH CGMCC 8480 strain fermentation is prepared the method for biologic phosphorus fertilizer
By broken the breaing up of bacterium ground-slag of the cultivating in bag such as flat mushroom, mushroom, needle mushroom, by bacterium slag and the peat composed of rotten mosses by weight after mixing to the ratio of 1:10 for 10:1, by 0.1% to 10% inoculated aspergillus niger of matrix weight
aspergillus nigerySH CGMCC 8480 liquid seeds, after fully mixing, water content of substrate is adjusted to 40-55%, by final matrix indoor by trapezoidal stacking, heap body go to the bottom long 1.5 meters, long 1 meter of upper base, high 1 meter, once, fermenting after 7 days, to add fermentation end product to dry below or dry to moisture content at 65 ℃ is less than 5%, makes bio-bacterial manure after pulverizing in turning in every 3 days, the biologic phosphorus fertilizer of preparing with this fermentation process, aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerthe viable count content of YSH CGMCC 8480 is generally in 1.5-8.5 * 10
9individual/gram.
3. aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerySH CGMCC 8480 bacterial strain soil covering culture edible fungi residues are prepared the method for biologic phosphorus fertilizer
By the edible fungi residue of the soil covering cultures such as Twospore Mushroom, straw mushroom and the peat composed of rotten mosses by weight after mixing to the ratio of 1:10 for 10:1, by 0.1% to 10% inoculated aspergillus niger of matrix weight
aspergillus nigerySH CGMCC 8480 liquid seeds, after fully mixing, water content of substrate is adjusted to 40-55%, by final matrix indoor by trapezoidal stacking, heap body go to the bottom long 1.5 meters, long 1 meter of upper base, high 1 meter, once, fermenting after 7 days, to add fermentation end product to dry below or dry to moisture content at 65 ℃ is less than 5%, makes bio-bacterial manure after pulverizing in turning in every 3 days, the biologic phosphorus fertilizer of preparing with this fermentation process, aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerthe viable count content of YSH CGMCC 8480 is generally in 1.00-9.95 * 10
9individual/gram.
4. the application test of biologic phosphorus fertilizer in rapeseed cultivation
For studying thing: rape
brassica napus, kind: Westar.
Soil: the phosphorus ore soil that picks up from Fu Lin district, Dian Chi.
For trying bio-bacterial manure: aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerthe viable count content of YSH CGMCC 8480 is 7.5 * 10
9individual/gram biologic phosphorus fertilizer.
Test method: clorox surface sterilization Semen Brassicae campestris 8 min with 3.5%, clean after removing clorox for 3-4 time and place at normal temperatures 60 min seasoninies with distilled water.For examination soil, fill the air-dry sieve by 2mm aperture, by 1% of sieved soil weight, add biologic phosphorus fertilizer and mix, every basin packs the soil 2.5kg that is mixed with bio-bacterial manure into, and 5 Semen Brassicae campestriss are sown into potted plant topsoil 1.5-2 cm depths, waters permeable.Depending on the plant-growth maintenance moisture that need to water, when seed germination grows 2 leaves, every basin retains 3 young plants afterwards.Think that the soil treatment of adding bio-bacterial manure is for contrasting.The percentage of germination of statistics Semen Brassicae campestris, the root of measuring respectively plant while sowing 1 month is long, plant height, blade diameter, fresh weight, dry weight.
Test-results shows: in blank, seed germination rate is 75.6%, and the seed germination rate of using bio-bacterial manure of the present invention is 100%, than contrast, has improved 24.4%.While sowing 1 month, the average root of rapeseed plants of using biologic phosphorus fertilizer of the present invention is long, plant height, and blade diameter, fresh weight, dry weight has increased respectively 51.8%, 98.5%, 74.6%, 150.3%, 142.6% than contrast.Show that biologic phosphorus fertilizer of the present invention, under the high condition of soil phosphorus content, passes through aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerthe phosphate solubilization of YSH CGMCC 8480 bacterial strains is the phosphorus for absorbing by the unavailable phosphorus activation of plant in soil, and then effectively promote the growth of rape.
5. the application test of biologic phosphorus fertilizer of the present invention in tomato planting
For studying thing: tomato
solanum lycopersicum, kind: Ou Shi is bright red.
Soil: the phosphorus ore soil that picks up from Fu Lin district, Dian Chi.
For trying fertilizer: aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerySH CGMCC 8480 viable count content are 7.5 * 10
9individual/gram biologic phosphorus fertilizer; Organic commercial fertilizer.
Test method: the clorox surface sterilization tomato seeds 5-8 minute with 5%, cleans after removing clorox for 3-4 time and places at normal temperatures seasoning in 30 minutes with clear water.For examination soil, fill the air-dry sieve by 2mm aperture, by 1% of sieved soil weight, add biologic phosphorus fertilizer prepared by present method and mix, every basin packs the soil 2kg that is mixed with bio-bacterial manure into, and 10 Semen Brassicae campestriss are sown into potted plant topsoil 2cm depths, waters permeable.Depending on the plant-growth maintenance moisture that need to water, when seed germination grows 2 leaves, every basin retains 3 young plants afterwards.With what do not use any fertilizer and add equivalent organic commercial fertilizer, be treated to contrast, 3 repetitions of every processing respectively.The percentage of germination of statistics tomato seeds, measures individual plant tamato fruit quantity and weight while sowing 60 days.
Test-results shows: in the contrast of fertilise, Tomato Seeds Germination rate is not 76.41%, using seed germination rate in the contrast of organic commercial fertilizer is 96.54%, and use, in the processing of biologic phosphorus fertilizer, seed germination rate is up to 97.69%, and seed germination rate has improved 21.28% and 1.15% than two contrasts respectively.During results, in the contrast of fertilise, individual plant tamato fruit mean number is not 14.62, gross weight 1.54kg, single fruit weight 98.67g; Using individual plant tamato fruit mean number in the contrast of organic commercial fertilizer is 11.85, gross weight 2.07kg, single fruit weight 152.63g; And use individual plant tamato fruit mean number in the processing of biologic phosphorus fertilizer of the present invention, be 12.84, gross weight 2.57kg, single fruit weight 159.07g.Can find out use the individual plant tomato number of biologic phosphorus fertilizer prepared by present method and organic commercial fertilizer and fertilise not quite, but ultimate production and single fruit weight average be higher than the not processing of fertilise, single plant yield and the single fruit weight of wherein using biologic phosphorus fertilizer are the highest.
Claims (3)
1. a phosphorus decomposing fungi, is characterized in that phosphorus decomposing fungi microorganism used is aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerySH bacterial strain, this bacterial strain on November 18th, 2013 is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preserving number: CGMCC No.8480.
2. utilize phosphorus decomposing fungi fermentation edible fungi residue to prepare a method for biologic phosphorus fertilizer, it is characterized in that the method comprises:
(1) aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerthe seed culture of YSH CGMCC 8480 bacterial strains: by aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerthe thalline of YSH CGMCC 8480 is inoculated in PDA medium slant, cultivates after 4-8 days at 20-30 ℃ and obtains inclined-plane seed; Inclined-plane seed is inoculated in the PDA substratum in triangular flask, 20-30 ℃, under 100-250 rpm condition, shaking table is cultivated and within 4-7 days, is obtained liquid seeds; By liquid seeds by volume in the MC substratum in the ratio access fermentor tank of per-cent 1.5-5.5%, the cultivation rising in fermentor tank at 10-1000 obtains a large amount of liquid seeds, the condition of fermentor cultivation is controlled at: temperature 26-30 ℃, stirring velocity 100-200rpm, fermentation time 4-6 days;
(2) aspergillus niger
aspergillus nigerySH CGMCC 8480 strain fermentation bacterium slags are prepared biologic phosphorus fertilizer: by broken the breaing up of waste edible fungus bacterium ground-slag, by waste edible fungus bacterium slag and turfy soil by weight after mixing to the ratio of 1:10 for 10:1, by 0.1% to 10% inoculated aspergillus niger of matrix weight
aspergillus nigerySH CGMCC 8480 strain liquid seeds, after fully mixing, water content of substrate is adjusted to 40-55%, by final matrix indoor by trapezoidal stacking, fermenting after 7 days fermentation end product to dry below or dry to moisture content at 65 ℃ is less than 5%, makes bio-bacterial manure after pulverizing.
3. the method for utilizing phosphorus decomposing fungi fermentation edible fungi residue to prepare biologic phosphorus fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: in described method, the bacterium slag of utilization mainly comprises the bacterium slag of flat mushroom, mushroom, needle mushroom, Twospore Mushroom, straw mushroom.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106495902A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-03-15 | 天津农学院 | A kind of bio-feritlizer of the discarded compost of utilization edible fungi and its preparation |
| CN106518389A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-03-22 | 天津农学院 | Biofertilizer with edible fungus residue as raw material and preparation thereof |
| CN106591147A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-04-26 | 南京农业大学 | Aspergillus niger NJDL-12 bacterial strain and application thereof to improvement of coastal saline-alkali soil |
| CN106754431A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉合缘绿色生物股份有限公司 | One kind has phosphorus decomposing and the difunctional aspergillus niger of biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion and microorganism formulation and application |
| CN107793263B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2021-05-14 | 慕恩（广州）生物科技有限公司 | Application of efficient phosphate solubilizing bacteria |
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2013
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106495902A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-03-15 | 天津农学院 | A kind of bio-feritlizer of the discarded compost of utilization edible fungi and its preparation |
| CN106518389A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-03-22 | 天津农学院 | Biofertilizer with edible fungus residue as raw material and preparation thereof |
| CN106591147A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-04-26 | 南京农业大学 | Aspergillus niger NJDL-12 bacterial strain and application thereof to improvement of coastal saline-alkali soil |
| CN106754431A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉合缘绿色生物股份有限公司 | One kind has phosphorus decomposing and the difunctional aspergillus niger of biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion and microorganism formulation and application |
| CN107793263B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2021-05-14 | 慕恩（广州）生物科技有限公司 | Application of efficient phosphate solubilizing bacteria |
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