CN103693912B - The special plant cover concrete of slope protection greening - Google Patents
The special plant cover concrete of slope protection greening Download PDFInfo
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- CN103693912B CN103693912B CN201310654075.7A CN201310654075A CN103693912B CN 103693912 B CN103693912 B CN 103693912B CN 201310654075 A CN201310654075 A CN 201310654075A CN 103693912 B CN103693912 B CN 103693912B
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Landscapes
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides the plant cover concrete that a kind of slope protection greening is special, its material composition comprises cement, soil, vegetable fibre, super absorbent resin, fine steel rib, organic compost, plant seed, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent and alkaline neutraliser.The present invention with the addition of fine steel rib in plant cover concrete, increase its solidify after intensity; And decrease cement consumption, reduce concrete alkalescence, suitable for plant growth more, by adding super absorbent resin, water conservation, insulation, fertilizer conservation performance significantly improve, and adding the growth that Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is seed provides nutritive ingredient, promote that it grows, increase concrete pore, reduce its alkalescence, final plant survival rate can reach more than 95%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Ecological Restoration Project technical field, particularly relate to the special plant cover concrete of a kind of novel slope protection greening.
Background technology
The research of plant cover concrete comes from early 1990s, on Japanese early start research greening coagulation, has applied for patent, and has set up concrete structure and Greening Design research committee.20 the end of the century U.S. with Europe etc. developed country also in succession carried out the research of plant cover concrete.
The development and application of China's plant cover concrete just more and more comes into one's own, and on the slope-protecting vegetation coagulation of Beijing Municipal Urban Construction Engineering Institute's development, is made up of cement, stone, sand, haydite, water.Water conservancy real company in Jilin Province's utilizes the useless masonry of building to do aggregate, under developing a kind of prerequisite keeping original protection function, the environment-friendly type concrete revetment material that grass planting can be made well to grow, is studied the supply of the element on plant cover concrete needed for plant and element simultaneously.
At present, plant cover concrete goods are widely used, but plant cover concrete is truly mostly under test, plant cover concrete needs extraordinary low alkali binding material, need the necessary space of applicable plant-growth, nutrient and moisture, and require the weather resistance of plant cover concrete and the operability of vegetation multiple cropping thereof.
Flowers and plants and traditional concrete, the two all because of of close concern to each other with the mankind, is all widely used, ubiquitous.But, both the flowers and plants inseparable with human interests and traditional concrete itself, then because of its respective characteristic, be but in for a long time conflicting with opposition among: flowers and plants cannot survive on concrete, and concrete place of arrival, and also flowers and plants are all gone out.
And plant cover concrete to be one can adapt to plant-growth, to the adjustment eubiosis, beautify the environment, realize the mankind and naturally coordinate that there is active effect.But the plant cover concrete of prior art all adopts rubble or sandstone as gathering materials, while therefore improving the ecological environment on the one hand, quarrying on the other hand and adopt sand and but destroy ecotope.The invention provides the plant cover concrete that a kind of novel slope protection greening is special; it is by flowers and plants and concrete unification; while the concrete characteristic of improvement; change the situation of not long every tree and every blade of grass on concrete; make do greening on concrete works; this is the needs expanding greenery patches, is also the needs of improvement and protection of the environment and ecology.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the special plant cover concrete of a kind of novel slope protection greening; it is by flowers and plants and concrete unification; while the concrete characteristic of improvement; change the situation of not long every tree and every blade of grass on concrete; make do greening on concrete works; this is the needs expanding greenery patches, is also the needs of improvement and protection of the environment and ecology.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the plant cover concrete that a kind of slope protection greening is special, its material composition comprises cement, soil, vegetable fibre, super absorbent resin, fine steel rib, organic compost, plant seed, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent, alkaline neutraliser and water.
Wherein, in described plant cover concrete, the weight part of each raw material is respectively cement 1 ~ 2 weight part, soil 12 ~ 13 weight part, vegetable fibre 2 ~ 3 weight part, super absorbent resin 0.5 ~ 1.5 weight part, fine steel rib 1 ~ 2 weight part, organic compost 3 ~ 5 weight part, plant seed 1 ~ 2 weight part, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 1 ~ 3 weight part, alkaline neutraliser 0.5 ~ 1.5 weight part and water 3 ~ 4 weight part.
Wherein, described High hydrophilous resin is polyacrylamide-Acrylic Acid Sodium Acrylate resin microsphere.
Wherein, the preparation method of described High hydrophilous resin is specially:
The first step, the preparation of dispersant solution, by 5g emulsifier sorbitol monoleate (sp60) and 5g emulsifier sorbitol acid anhydride monostearate (sp80) mixing, join in dispersion agent hexanaphthene subsequently, be warming up to 62 DEG C, emulsifiers dissolve is uniformly dispersed, and logical nitrogen deoxygenation 30min, obtains dispersant solution;
Second step, the preparation of monomer mixed solution, at room temperature 40g vinylformic acid 10g sodium hydroxide solution is neutralized, add 25g acrylamide and 3g linking agent N subsequently, the initiator mixture that N-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA), 0.3g Potassium Persulphate and 0.3g sodium pyrosulfate are formed, stirring and dissolving mixes, and obtains monomer mixed solution;
3rd step, joins monomer mixture solution in dispersant solution, is warming up to 65 DEG C and continues to react 0.5h, make monomer reaction complete, after reaction terminates, filtered by product, dry acquisition after reaction 2.5h.
Described organic compost is by municipal sludge, discarded plant and feces of livestock and poultry being mixed according to weight proportion 5 ~ 7: 3 ~ 5: 4 ~ 6, compost.
Wherein, the preparation method of described organic compost is specially:
The first step, fully mixes municipal sludge, discarded plant and feces of livestock and poultry according to weight proportion, and the water ratio regulating mixture is that 45% ~ 50%, C/N ratio controls 20: 1 ~ 30: 1;
Second step, puts into enclosed space by mixture and ferments first, and fermentation time is 14h ~ 20h, and initial stage property is ventilated subsequently, and ventilation time per hour is 15min ~ 20min, and air flow quantity is 0.1m
3/ minm
3, continue 10d ~ 15d, subsequently the product of acquisition is placed on outdoor, turning every day 1 time, obtains organic compost after the 18d ~ 20d that banks up.
Wherein, the bulk drug of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent comprises Radix Codonopsis, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi, dragon's paw dish, the stem of noble dendrobium, Fructus Cnidii, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust, Chinese ephedra, Japanese Honeysuckle, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit, the tuber of stemona, Conyza japonica and loranthus parasiticus.
Wherein, the weight part of described each bulk drug is respectively Radix Codonopsis 45 weight part ~ 55 weight part, the bighead atractylodes rhizome 35 weight part ~ 45 weight part, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, dragon's paw dish 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, the stem of noble dendrobium 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, Fructus Cnidii 35 weight part ~ 45 weight part, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, Chinese ephedra 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part, Japanese Honeysuckle 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, the tuber of stemona 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part, Conyza japonica 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part and loranthus parasiticus 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part.
Wherein, the preparation method of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is specially:
By described each raw material medicaments in part by weight mixing, adding relative to the determining alcohol of its quality 3 ~ 4 times is the ethanol of 95%, heating and refluxing extraction 2 ~ 3 hours, filter, it is the ethanol of 95% that filter residue adds relative to the determining alcohol of its quality 2 ~ 3 times again, heating and refluxing extraction 2 ~ 3 hours, filter, filtered liquid merges, concentrated removing ethanol, drying, obtains Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of the special plant cover concrete of a kind of slope protection greening, be specially: described each feed composition is mixed in proportion, add the water of 3 weight part ~ 4 weight parts, send in stirrer, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete to be built.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Now domestic in the direct engineer applied of plant cover concrete, it is too much that the amount of cement can not be added, and in concrete, highly basic and high strength are not easy to germination and the growth of seed; Add very little, insufficient strength, weather resistance can be extremely low.In engineering practice in early days, plant survival rate can only reach 35% ~ 50%.The present invention with the addition of fine steel rib in plant cover concrete, add its solidify after intensity; And decrease cement consumption, reduce concrete alkalescence, suitable for plant growth more, by adding super absorbent resin, water conservation, insulation, fertilizer conservation performance significantly improve, and adding the growth that Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is seed provides nutritive ingredient, promote that it grows, increase concrete pore, reduce its alkalescence, final plant survival rate can reach more than 95%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the FTIR spectrogram of high-efficiency water-absorbing resin.
Embodiment
The invention provides the plant cover concrete that a kind of slope protection greening is special, its material composition comprises cement, soil, vegetable fibre, super absorbent resin, fine steel rib, organic compost, plant seed, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent, alkaline neutraliser and water.
Further preferably, described plant cover concrete is only made up of above-mentioned raw materials.
In described plant cover concrete, the weight part of each raw material is respectively cement 1 ~ 2 weight part, soil 12 ~ 13 weight part, vegetable fibre 2 ~ 3 weight part, super absorbent resin 0.5 ~ 1.5 weight part, fine steel rib 1 ~ 2 weight part, organic compost 3 ~ 5 weight part, plant seed 1 ~ 2 weight part, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 1 ~ 3 weight part, alkaline neutraliser 0.5 ~ 1.5 weight part, water 3 ~ 4 weight part.
In further preferred described plant cover concrete, the weight part of each raw material is respectively cement 2 weight part, soil 13 weight part, vegetable fibre 3 weight part, super absorbent resin 1 weight part, fine steel rib 1 weight part, organic compost 4, plant seed 2 weight part, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 2 weight part, alkaline neutraliser 1 weight part, water 4 weight part.
Described plant seed can be locust tree, parthenocissus, green grass etc.
Described alkaline neutraliser can be citric acid or oxalic acid.
Described High hydrophilous resin is polyacrylamide-Acrylic Acid Sodium Acrylate resin microsphere.
The preparation method of described High hydrophilous resin is specially:
The first step, the preparation of dispersant solution, by 5g emulsifier sorbitol monoleate (sp60) and 5g emulsifier sorbitol acid anhydride monostearate (sp80) mixing, join in dispersion agent hexanaphthene subsequently, be warming up to 62 DEG C, emulsifiers dissolve is uniformly dispersed, and logical nitrogen deoxygenation 30min, obtains dispersant solution;
Second step, the preparation of monomer mixed solution, at room temperature 40g vinylformic acid 10g sodium hydroxide solution is neutralized, add 25g acrylamide and 3g linking agent N subsequently, N-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA), the initiator mixture that 0.3g Potassium Persulphate and 0.3g sodium pyrosulfate are formed, stirring and dissolving mixes, and obtains monomer mixed solution;
3rd step, joins monomer mixture solution in dispersant solution, is warming up to 65 DEG C and continues to react 0.5h, make monomer reaction complete, after reaction terminates, filtered by product, dry acquisition after reaction 2.5h.
Described organic compost is by municipal sludge, discarded plant and feces of livestock and poultry being mixed according to weight proportion 5 ~ 7: 3 ~ 5: 4 ~ 6, compost.
The preparation method of described organic compost is specially:
The first step, fully mixes municipal sludge, discarded plant and feces of livestock and poultry according to weight proportion, and the water ratio regulating mixture is that 45% ~ 50%, C/N ratio controls 20: 1 ~ 30: 1;
Second step, puts into enclosed space by mixture and ferments first, and fermentation time is 14h ~ 20h, and initial stage property is ventilated subsequently, and ventilation time per hour is 15min ~ 20min, and air flow quantity is 0.1m
3/ minm
3, continue 10d ~ 15d, subsequently the product of acquisition is placed on outdoor, turning every day 1 time, obtains organic compost after the 18d ~ 20d that banks up.
Organic compost prepared by the present invention also can adopt conventional compost method to obtain.
Described discarded plant can be that straw, stem are climing, weeds, plant defoliation etc.
Described feces of livestock and poultry can be the ight soil of the livestock and poultry such as pig, chicken, duck, goose.
Herbal medicine includes the multiple nutritional components needed for plant, has miscellaneous carbohydrate, organic acid, protein, nucleic acid, enzyme and coenzyme, the nutritive ingredient such as VITAMIN and mineral substance.It, by the activation intrinsic disease-resistant gene of plant self and good development gene, gives full play to the potential that plant self is intrinsic, reaches the combined effect of growth-promoting, growth encourage, strong sprout, disease-resistant, imperial worm, volume increase.
The bulk drug of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent comprises Radix Codonopsis, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi, dragon's paw dish, the stem of noble dendrobium, Fructus Cnidii, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust, Chinese ephedra, Japanese Honeysuckle, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit, the tuber of stemona, Conyza japonica and loranthus parasiticus.
Further, described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is only made up of above-mentioned raw materials medicine.
The weight part of described each bulk drug is respectively Radix Codonopsis 45 weight part ~ 55 weight part, the bighead atractylodes rhizome 35 weight part ~ 45 weight part, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, dragon's paw dish 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, the stem of noble dendrobium 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, Fructus Cnidii 35 weight part ~ 45 weight part, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, Chinese ephedra 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part, Japanese Honeysuckle 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, the tuber of stemona 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part, Conyza japonica 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part and loranthus parasiticus 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part.
Further preferably, the weight part of described each bulk drug is respectively Radix Codonopsis 50 weight part, the bighead atractylodes rhizome 40 weight part, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 25 weight part, dragon's paw dish 30 weight part, the stem of noble dendrobium 30 weight part, Fructus Cnidii 40 weight part, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 30 weight part, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 20 weight part, Chinese ephedra 15 weight part, Japanese Honeysuckle 25 weight part, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 25 weight part, the tuber of stemona 15 weight part, Conyza japonica 20 weight part and loranthus parasiticus 15 weight part.
In described bulk drug, each component pharmacology is as follows:
Radix Codonopsis: taste is sweet, property is put down, and returns lung, the spleen channel, has tonifying Qi benefit spleen, the symptoms such as effect of nourishing blood to promote the production of body fluid, cures mainly spleen-lung Qi deficiency or qi-blood deficiency fatigue and weakness, breathes hard, cough spontaneous perspiration, tonifying spleen nourishing the stomach is longer than by Radix Codonopsis, adjust regulating the function of middle-JIAO, have the effect of nourishing blood concurrently, its property put down, invigorating the spleen fortune and not dry; Flavour is cloudy and do not wet, and can improve the immunological status of body, improves resistance against diseases, and promoting digestion absorbs, and improves metabolism, promotes that enteron aisle is to the absorption of nutritive substance.
The bighead atractylodes rhizome: taste is sweet, bitter, warm in nature, enters spleen, stomach warp, has tonifying spleen profit gas, eliminating dampness Li Shui, strengthening superficial resistance to stop perspiration, the effect of moisturizing of fortune spleen, is mainly used in the caused ruffian of dysfunction of the spleen in transportation, QI failing to transform into body fluid and has one's mind filled with and rush down, phlegm and retained fluid oedema; The vexed lazyness speech of the deficiency of qi in middle-jiao, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, proctoptosis with chronic dysentery; The cards such as solid in the playing of deficiency of the spleen causing weakness of QI, abnormal sweating spontaneous perspiration.
Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi: latin name SpatholobiCaulis, bitter, sweet, warm in nature, enter liver, kidney channel, there is vasodilation, enrich blood and invigorate blood circulation, menstruation regulating, the effect of stimulating the circulation of the blood and cause the muscles and joints to relax, there is obvious restraining effect to platelet aggregation, promote animal kidney and the total phosphorus metabolism in uterus, be mainly used in treating the menoxenia that the deficiency of blood has silt, limbs pain is meciless, the card such as soreness of the waist and knees, pain.
Dragon's paw dish: taste is sweet, micro-puckery, cool in nature, have removing toxic substances, diuresis, effect of expelling parasite, cures mainly rheumatic arthritis, urinary tract infections, parasitosis.
The stem of noble dendrobium: latin name DendrobiiCaulis, cold nature, taste is sweet, returns stomach, kidney channel, has reinforcing stomach reg fluid, and nourishing Yin and clearing heat effect cures mainly the moon and hinders body fluid deficiency, dry polydipsia, and food is few retches, abnormal heat after being ill, and order is secretly not clear waits card.
Fructus Cnidii: latin name CnidiiFructus, taste is pungent, bitter, warm in nature, enters kidney channel, has warming the kidney to invigorate YANG, removing dampness and killing parasites, the effect of dispellingging wind and arresting itching, and the impotence in male caused for kidney yang deficiency, woman Gong Leng are infertile, under cold-dampness band or the card such as waist knee crymodynia.
Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi: latin name AcanthopanacisSenticosiRadixetRhizomaseuCaulis, taste is pungent, bitter, micro-sweet, warm in nature, enter spleen, kidney, the heart channel of Hang-Shaoyin, have and replenish qi to invigorate the spleen, tonify the kidney to relieve mental strain, the effect of dispelling rheumatism, soft for arthralgia due to wind-cold-dampness pathogen BI syndrome, lumbocrural pain, muscles and bones impotence, be slow in action, the card such as body void is thin and weak, wound, fracture, oedema, beriberi, uncontrolled urination are itched.
Spine of Chinese Honeylocust: taste is pungent, warm in nature, return lung channel, cure mainly swollen ulcer drug, scrofula, sore rash stubborn dermatitis, puerperal hypogalactia, retention of placenta, the cards such as pestilence wind.
Chinese ephedra: pungent, the micro-hardship of taste, warm in nature, enter lung, urinary bladder channel, have and send out cold inducing sweat, freeing lung and relieving asthma, the effect of inducing diuresis to remove edema, is mainly used in the exterior excess syndromes such as the fever without perspiration of catching cold; Rheumatic numbness pain; Pathogenic cold attacking the lung or accumulation of heat in the lung are to coughing the cards such as inverse, oedema, dysuria of breathing.
Japanese Honeysuckle: taste is sweet, cold in nature, enters the heart, lung, stomach, large intestine channel, has clearing heat and detoxicating effect, doublely can remove heat from the blood and relieve diarrhea.Be mainly used in affection of exogenous wind-heat, the hot poison of febrile disease is comparatively contained, or when warm disease is still not descending at the part of the body cavity above the diaphragm housing the heart and lungs from the beginning of heat evil; The malicious diarrhea of heat, the lower blood of stool; Heat temperature is demonstrate,proved; The sore carbuncle that hot poison gathers is from the beginning of the, inflammation heat person of swelling and ache etc., and Japanese Honeysuckle has good antipyretic effect, and energy anti-inflammatory, what control inflammation oozes out and inflammatory hyperplasia, can promote leukocytic phagocytic function, has stronger bacteriostatic action to multiple pyococcus and pathogen enterobacteria.
Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit: bitter, cold in nature, returns liver, small intestine, urinary bladder channel, have soothing the liverly to expel the heat-evil, effects of promoting the circulation of QI to relieve pain, cure mainly pathogenic fire derived from stagnation of liver-QI, the chest side of body, play the cards such as abdominal distention and pain, hernia pain, abdominal pain due to worm stagnation.
The tuber of stemona: taste is sweet, bitter, slightly warm in nature enters lung channel, have and moisten the lung and relieve the cough, the effect of delousing desinsection, tuber of stemona temperature embellishes but not dry, and property is kept and do not walk, there is out again the merit of drop-down gas, be mainly used in newly all for a long time coughing, be especially suitable for the hot chronic cough person of labor, the modern times are used for the cough preventing and treating chronic bronchitis, the dry cough of pulmonary tuberculosis, the cards such as Whooping cough.
Conyza japonica: bitter, pungent, cold in nature, have clearing away heat to and alleviating pain, effect of dispelling pathogenic wind and eliminating phlegm, cures mainly laryngitis, pneumonia, swelling and pain in the throat, the cards such as tonsillitis.
Loranthus parasiticus: bitter, sweet, property is put down, and enters liver, kidney channel, have the effect of invigorating the liver and kidney, strengthening the bones and muscles, wind-damp dispelling, antiabortive unit, for the soreness of waist pain caused by deficiency of the liver and kindey, muscles and bones impotence is soft, the foot and knee being feeble, deficiency of the liver and kindey, essence and blood void is lost, the threatened abortion of liability to abortion, the cards such as waist abdomen pain.
The preparation method of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is specially:
By described each raw material medicaments in part by weight mixing, adding relative to the determining alcohol of its quality 3 ~ 4 times is the ethanol of 95%, heating and refluxing extraction 2 ~ 3 hours, filter, it is the ethanol of 95% that filter residue adds relative to the determining alcohol of its quality 2 ~ 3 times again, heating and refluxing extraction 2 ~ 3 hours, filter, filtered liquid merges, concentrated removing ethanol, drying, obtains Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent.
Described soil stabilizer is one or more in sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, octanol, acrylamide, Ammonium Persulfate 98.5, sodium bisulfite.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of the special plant cover concrete of a kind of slope protection greening, be specially: described each feed composition is mixed in proportion, send in stirrer, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete to be built.
Below adopt embodiment to describe embodiments of the present invention in detail, to the present invention, how utilisation technology means solve technical problem whereby, and the implementation procedure reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement according to this.
The preparation of embodiment 1 organic compost
60kg municipal sludge, 40g discarded plant and 50g feces of livestock and poultry are fully mixed, the water ratio regulating mixture is 45% ~ 50%, C/N ratio controls 20: 1 ~ 30: 1, mixture is put into enclosed space ferment first, fermentation time is 14h ~ 20h, initial stage property is ventilated subsequently, and ventilation time per hour is 15min ~ 20min, and air flow quantity is 0.1m
3/ minm
3, continue 10d ~ 15d, subsequently the product of acquisition be placed on outdoor, turning every day 1 time, after the 18d ~ 20d that banks up, obtain stacked organic moon bar.
The preparation of embodiment 2 Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent
By Radix Codonopsis 50g, bighead atractylodes rhizome 40g, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 25g, dragon's paw dish 30g, stem of noble dendrobium 30g, Fructus Cnidii 40g, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 30g, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 20g, Chinese ephedra 15g, Japanese Honeysuckle 25g, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 25g, tuber of stemona 15g, Conyza japonica 20g and loranthus parasiticus 15g mixing, the determining alcohol adding 0.9kg is the ethanol of 95%, heating and refluxing extraction 3 hours, filter, it is the ethanol of 95% that filter residue adds relative to the determining alcohol of its quality 3 times again, heating and refluxing extraction 3 hours, filter, filtered liquid merges, concentrated removing ethanol, drying, obtains Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent.
The preparation of embodiment 3 high-efficiency water-absorbing resin
By 5g emulsifier sorbitol monoleate (sp60) and 5g emulsifier sorbitol acid anhydride monostearate (sp80) mixing, join in dispersion agent hexanaphthene subsequently, be warming up to 62 DEG C, emulsifiers dissolve is uniformly dispersed, logical nitrogen deoxygenation 30min, obtain dispersant solution, at room temperature 40g vinylformic acid 10g sodium hydroxide solution is neutralized, add 25g acrylamide and 3g linking agent N subsequently, N-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA), the initiator mixture that 0.3g Potassium Persulphate and 0.3g sodium pyrosulfate are formed, stirring and dissolving mixes, obtain monomer mixed solution, monomer mixture solution is joined in dispersant solution, be warming up to 65 DEG C after reaction 2.5h and continue reaction 0.5h, make monomer reaction complete, after reaction terminates, product is filtered, dry and obtain high-efficiency water-absorbing resin.
The structure of the FTIR510P type Fourier transform infrared spectrometer assay products of producing with Nicolet company of the U.S..As can be seen from Figure 1: 3428cm
-1place is the stretching vibration absorption peak of-O-H; 2932cm
-1place is methylene radical stretching vibration absorption peak; 1670cm
-1place is-CONH
2carbonylic stretching vibration absorption peak; 1574.1cm
-1place is the stretching vibration absorption peak of carbonyl in-COONa; 1412,1451cm
-1place is the flexural vibration absorption peak of methylene radical.This shows that the AA of monomer A M and certain degree of neutralization there occurs radical copolymerization.
The preparation of embodiment 4 plant cover concrete 1
Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 20kg prepared by organic compost 40kg, green grass seed 20kg, embodiment 2 prepared by the super absorbent resin 10kg, the fine steel rib 10kg that cement 20kg, soil 130kg, vegetable fibre 30kg, embodiment 3 are prepared, embodiment 1 and alkaline neutraliser citric acid 10kg, water 40kg send in stirrer, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete 1 to be built.
Concrete technology and construction process are:
(1) measurement of field data:
GPS mapper is used to carry out detailed data mapping and editor to all massifs needing to carry out side slope protection in scene are domatic, by the length of each section of massif, highly, the related data such as the gradient, area carries out areal survey statistics, and based on these data, completes the massif side slope protection detail of construction of each section.
(2) the massif side slope of linked network is checked and cleared up
(3) fixing anchor bar, and be welded and fixed with angle bar anchor pole: use angle bar to carry out being welded and fixed between anchor pole, first weld the anchor pole of longitudinal stress point, make angle bar be vertically fixed in face, hillside, and closely weld together with longitudinal each anchor pole, and then weld horizontal angle bar.
1. adopt 30mm × 30mm × 6000mm angle bar to carry out anchor pole welding, carry out segmentation cutting according to the domatic situation of massif.Longitudinal anchor pole weld must be firmly firm and solid.
2., after solebar angle welds, be 45 ° of-60 ° of angles by the 30mm × 30mm × 200mm angle bar section angle of well cutting must reach with ground in advance.
When 3. welding horizontal angle bar, first welding below angle bar upwards welds gradually again, and forming station stepwise layout, for the welding of upper strata angle bar provides platform.
(4) gabion net and the layering of nutrition geotextile are laid
After solebar angle and horizontal angle bar are welded in place, in conjunction with anchor pole position, with special gabion net (the aluminum-zinc alloy woven wire hedge that profit state ecology is produced, 20cm is wide) layered shaping is carried out to whole rock slope, every one deck gabion net is all firmly fixed together with horizontal angle bar outer, massif basic unit linked network iron wire, and gabion net and ground are also in 45 ° ~ 60 ° angles.
(5) plant cover concrete basic unit sprays
Spray the plant cover concrete 1 prepared, it is general concrete spraying machine that equipment used is planted in spray, and point basic unit and top layer are carried out respectively.Protect plant cover concrete 1 substrate concrete basic unit jet thickness prepared by embodiment 4 for till covering massif linked network completely from domatic by carrying out spraying under upper, thickness is 8 ~ 10cm, and indivedual massif recess can reach 15 ~ 20cm.
(6) plant nutrition matrix is filled
Side slope is carried out from top to down to the filling of plant nutrition matrix (particle diameter that Lingshou County grand stone ore industry source mill provides is 1-20mm soil-less culturing nutrient soil), every one deck all guarantees the nutraceutical matrix of filling enough plant normal growths, finally reaches overall and covers.
(7) top layer plant cover concrete sprays
To the domatic injection carrying out top layer plant cover concrete 1 of having filled plant nutrition matrix, thickness is about 5cm, is all covered by horizontal angle bar.
(8) plant flush type is planted
Side slope is after treatment after several hours precipitations, form the top layer with certain hardness, then vertically plant setting cave is excavated on plant cover concrete top layer according to " isosceles triangle ", by the plant with nutrition pot or native ball, flush type is planted and is put in place, and uses adhesive vegetable matrix to be pressurized filing to position.
(9) maintenance
After transplanted seedling tree puts in place, water seasoning must be carried out in time, guarantee the wettability that the domatic maintenance of whole massif is certain.Must be noted that with spray gun special homogenous diffusion to domatic when watering, directly can not spray with anxious water or strong water column, anti-sealing causes too greatly crooked the and soil erosion of plant.When not raining, within one week, needing spray every day, sprinkling irrigation in two days after a week, according to domatic situation and plant-growth situation, can even within five days, spray once for three days later.
The preparation of comparative example 1 plant cover concrete 2
Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 20kg, alkaline neutraliser citric acid 10kg, water 40kg prepared by the organic compost 40kg, the green grass seed 20kg that cement 20kg, local soil 130kg, vegetable fibre 30kg, fine steel rib 1kg, embodiment 1 are prepared, embodiment 2 send in stirrer and stir, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete 2 to be built.
The mode identical with embodiment 4 is adopted to implement.
The preparation of comparative example 2 plant cover concrete 3
Organic compost 40kg, green grass seed 20kg, alkaline neutraliser citric acid 10kg, water 40kg prepared by the super absorbent resin 10kg, the fine steel rib 1kg that cement 20kg, local soil 130kg, vegetable fibre 30kg, embodiment 3 are prepared, embodiment 1 send in stirrer and stir, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete 3 to be built.
The mode identical with embodiment 4 is adopted to implement.
Water retention laboratory
Choose the plant cover concrete 1 of embodiment 4 preparation and each one piece of the plant cover concrete 210cm × 30cm of comparative example 1 preparation, water just selects ordinary tap water, and plant cover concrete 1 is tested block and is labeled as A, and plant cover concrete 2 is tested block and is labeled as B, weigh to two pieces of plant cover concretes, weight stamp is W
0A20kg, W
0B20kg.Select two square glass vessel, water is fallen in square vessel, is advisable so that the height 2 ~ 5cm of plant cover concrete can not had.By two block concretes not in two glasswares, soak on glass that to pull out after 1 hour and be statically placed in an inclination 25 ° and leave standstill 2 minutes, concrete glass then will be had to be put in outdoor leaving standstill after 24 hours, and then weigh, weight stamp is W
1A, W
1B.Leave standstill and weigh for 72 hours, weight stamp is W
3A, W
3B.Leave standstill and weigh for 120 hours, weight stamp is W
5A, W
5B.Leave standstill and weigh for 168 hours, weight stamp is W
7A, W
7B.Finally experiment the data obtained is carried out statistics as following table 1-1.
Table 1-1 water retention laboratory weighing data table
Can find out that plant cover concrete 2 water loss in leaving standstill first 1 ~ 5 day is more serious by data sheet, and plant cover concrete 1 water loss in leaving standstill first 1 ~ 3 day is relatively more serious, but to lose few than plant cover concrete 2, and from the 5th day, water loss tends towards stability, and number of dropouts is fewer.
Plant-growth is tested
By comparing embodiment 2 and embodiment 4, adopt the rate of vegetation of plant cover concrete of the present invention to reach 92%, afforestation effect is good, and the fraction of coverage of the plant cover concrete adopting comparative example 2 to prepare is 72%, occurs a large amount of yellow leaves.
All above-mentioned this intellecture properties of primary enforcement, not setting restriction this product innovation of other forms of enforcement and/or novel method.Those skilled in the art will utilize this important information, and foregoing is revised, to realize similar implementation status.But all modifications or transformation belong to the right of reservation based on product innovation of the present invention.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not restriction the present invention being made to other form, any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.But everyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the plant cover concrete that slope protection greening is special, is characterized in that: material composition comprises cement, soil, vegetable fibre, super absorbent resin, fine steel rib, organic compost, plant seed, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent, alkaline neutraliser and water;
In described plant cover concrete, the weight part of each raw material is respectively cement 1 ~ 2 weight part, soil 12 ~ 13 weight part, vegetable fibre 2 ~ 3 weight part, super absorbent resin 0.5 ~ 1.5 weight part, fine steel rib 1 ~ 2 weight part, organic compost 3 ~ 5 weight part, plant seed 1 ~ 2 weight part, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 1 ~ 3 weight part, alkaline neutraliser 0.5 ~ 1.5 weight part and water 3 ~ 4 weight part;
Described High hydrophilous resin is polyacrylamide-Acrylic Acid Sodium Acrylate resin microsphere;
The preparation method of described High hydrophilous resin is specially,
The first step, the preparation of dispersant solution, by 5g emulsifier sorbitol monoleate and the mixing of 5g emulsifier sorbitol acid anhydride monostearate, join subsequently in dispersion agent hexanaphthene, be warming up to 62 DEG C, emulsifiers dissolve is uniformly dispersed, logical nitrogen deoxygenation 30min, obtains dispersant solution;
Second step, the preparation of monomer mixed solution, at room temperature 40g vinylformic acid 10g sodium hydroxide solution is neutralized, add 25g acrylamide and 3g linking agent N subsequently, N-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA), the initiator mixture that 0.3g Potassium Persulphate and 0.3g sodium pyrosulfate are formed, stirring and dissolving mixes, and obtains monomer mixed solution;
3rd step, joins monomer mixture solution in dispersant solution, is warming up to 65 DEG C and continues to react 0.5h, make monomer reaction complete, after reaction terminates, filtered by product, dry acquisition after reaction 2.5h.
2. plant cover concrete as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described organic compost is specially,
The first step, fully mixes municipal sludge, discarded plant and feces of livestock and poultry according to weight proportion, and the water ratio regulating mixture is that 45% ~ 50%, C/N ratio controls at 20:1 ~ 30:1;
Second step, puts into enclosed space by mixture and ferments first, and fermentation time is 14h ~ 20h, and initial stage property is ventilated subsequently, and ventilation time per hour is 15min ~ 20min, and air flow quantity is 0.1m
3/ min, continue 10d ~ 15d, subsequently the product of acquisition is placed on outdoor, turning every day 1 time, obtains organic compost after the 18d ~ 20d that banks up.
3. plant cover concrete as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the bulk drug of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent comprises Radix Codonopsis, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi, dragon's paw dish, the stem of noble dendrobium, Fructus Cnidii, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust, Chinese ephedra, Japanese Honeysuckle, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit, the tuber of stemona, Conyza japonica and loranthus parasiticus.
4. plant cover concrete as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the weight part of described each bulk drug is respectively Radix Codonopsis 45 weight part ~ 55 weight part, the bighead atractylodes rhizome 35 weight part ~ 45 weight part, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, dragon's paw dish 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, the stem of noble dendrobium 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, Fructus Cnidii 35 weight part ~ 45 weight part, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, Chinese ephedra 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part, Japanese Honeysuckle 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, the tuber of stemona 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part, Conyza japonica 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part and loranthus parasiticus 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part.
5. plant cover concrete as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is specially described each raw material medicaments in part by weight mixing, and adding relative to the determining alcohol of its quality 3 ~ 4 times is the ethanol of 95%, heating and refluxing extraction 2 ~ 3 hours, filter, it is the ethanol of 95% that filter residue adds relative to the determining alcohol of its quality 2 ~ 3 times again, heating and refluxing extraction 2 ~ 3 hours, filters, filtered liquid merges, concentrated removing ethanol, dry, obtain Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent.
6. the preparation method of the plant cover concrete described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: be mixed in proportion by described each feed composition, sends in stirrer, is uniformly mixed, obtains plant cover concrete to be built.
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| CN107604930B (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-11-08 | 三峡大学 | A method of slope retaining and greening are carried out using hole kind shrub |
| CN108455962A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-28 | 十九冶成都建设有限公司 | Vegetation concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN108383590A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-10 | 广西植被混凝土有限公司 | Rapid-hardening plant cover concrete weak acid afforests activating agent, its manufacturing method and its application |
| CN108439966A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-08-24 | 安徽霍山县草之灵中药材有限公司 | A kind of preparation method for the cultivation matrix reducing Dendrobidium huoshanness incidence |
| CN110317008B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2021-09-14 | 华新水泥股份有限公司 | Vegetation concrete and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102337744A (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2012-02-01 | 袁彬鸿 | Preparation and construction method of BSC (Bio-substrate concrete) biological matrix fine aggregate plant-growing concrete |
| CN102838412A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-12-26 | 何聪 | Cuttage substrate of sensitive plant |
| CN103265361A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-08-28 | 潘志刚 | Macromolecular aggregate plant growth substrate and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2509155B2 (en) * | 1994-01-18 | 1996-06-19 | 建設基礎エンジニアリング株式会社 | Slope protection structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102337744A (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2012-02-01 | 袁彬鸿 | Preparation and construction method of BSC (Bio-substrate concrete) biological matrix fine aggregate plant-growing concrete |
| CN102838412A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-12-26 | 何聪 | Cuttage substrate of sensitive plant |
| CN103265361A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-08-28 | 潘志刚 | Macromolecular aggregate plant growth substrate and preparation method thereof |
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Denomination of invention: Special vegetation concrete for slope protection and greening Effective date of registration: 20230829 Granted publication date: 20151125 Pledgee: China Minsheng Banking Corp Qingdao branch Pledgor: QINGDAO ZHONGKE KUNTAI ASSEMBLY CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023370010094 |