CN103681015B - A kind of complex-phase metallic oxide strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material - Google Patents
A kind of complex-phase metallic oxide strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103681015B CN103681015B CN201310612538.3A CN201310612538A CN103681015B CN 103681015 B CN103681015 B CN 103681015B CN 201310612538 A CN201310612538 A CN 201310612538A CN 103681015 B CN103681015 B CN 103681015B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the preparation method that a kind of complex-phase metallic oxide strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material, belong to low-voltage electrical apparatus AgMeO contact material technical field.Argent powder and other elemental metalpowders are prepared burden according to 75 ~ 90wt%:10 ~ 25wt%, then temperature be 50 ~ 350 DEG C, rotating speed be the condition of 200 ~ 300 revs/min under ball milling 8 ~ 20 hours, the overall process of ball milling passes into the oxygen that purity is more than 99.9%, sinters and namely obtain complex-phase metallic oxide enhancing Ag-based electrical contact material after finally mixed-powder being pressed into base substrate.Polynary silver alloy Powder Oxidation can be impelled while mechanical alloying, be conducive to formed metal oxide Dispersed precipitate in silver matrix.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method that a kind of complex-phase metallic oxide strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material, belong to low-voltage electrical apparatus AgMeO contact material technical field.
Background technology
Silver-base metal oxide (AgMeO) electrical contact material refers to that the metal oxide particle of disperse is distributed in a kind of material in silver matrix, has good conductivity, resistance fusion welding, resistance to electrical wear and useful life; Have wide practical use in low-voltage electrical apparatus.
The AgMeO electrical contact material occurred the earliest is AgCdO material, because it has resistance to electric arc, anti-melting welding, mechanical resistant wearing and tearing, corrosion-resistant, good stability, and there is the many merits such as lower contact resistance, good processability and solderability, be called as " omnipotent contact "; But use because its toxicity problem in preparation with use procedure is limited by developed countries such as European Union, this just impels people to develop the AgMeO electrical contact material without Cd.At present, the AgMeO electrical contact material without Cd of main research has AgSnO2, AgZnO, AgNiO, AgREO, AgCuO etc., but the performance of these AgMeO electrical contact materials all can not reach the such instructions for use of AgCdO electrical contact material completely.Particularly along with the update of electronics, telecommunication products, have higher requirement to the research of electrical contact material and production, single oxide strengthens money base composite contact material, can not meet the needs of electronic product.Therefore, the inexorable trend that silver base poly phase composite oxide electrical contact material has become electrical contact material development is prepared.
The preparation method of known ag-oxide contact material has following several:
1, chemical coprecipitation: this method prepares silver metal composite powder by chemical precipitation method, then prepare siluer metal oxide contact material through batch mixing, compressing, sintering, repressing and re-sintering, extruding drawing or rolling mill practice;
2, alloy inner oxidation method: first this method prepares silver metal powder by powder process, then puts into certain partial pressure of oxygen atmosphere and metal is oxidized, generate stable metal oxide by silver metal powder; Then the siluer metal oxide composite powder be oxidized is prepared siluer metal oxide contact material through compressing, sintering, repressing and re-sintering, extruding drawing or rolling mill practice;
3, powder metallurgic method: this method is mixed silver powder and metal oxide powder, then prepare siluer metal oxide contact material through batch mixing, compressing, sintering, repressing and re-sintering, extruding drawing or rolling mill practice.
4, reaction synthesis method: the method is mixed silver powder, alloy for dental amalgam and oxidation silver powder, is preparing siluer metal oxide contact material through compacting, sintering reaction synthesis.
The technology of preparing of known siluer metal oxide contact material, although siluer metal oxide material can be prepared, but, in these material preparation technology or there is the pollution problem of acid in siluer metal oxide composite powder preparation process, alkali, salt, or due to metal oxide powder need being prepared separately, mixes with silver powder again, thus make the preparatory stage of powder long, cause complex process, production cost too high; Or the problem that the siluer metal oxide electric contact material interface cohesion obtained is firm, poor processability, lumber recovery are low.Just based on the problem of above-mentioned various preparation method, the present invention proposes a kind of technology of preparing of complex-phase metallic oxide Ag-based electrical contact material.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to single metal oxide and strengthen the requirement that Ag-based electrical contact material can not meet market completely, and the problem existing for other preparation methods, propose the preparation method that a kind of complex-phase metallic oxide strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material, advantage is that sintering temperature is low, with low cost.
Technical scheme of the present invention is mechanical alloying while, make polynary silver alloy powder oxidized, matrix silver alloy by refinement, and the metal oxide formed can Dispersed precipitate in silver matrix; Concrete preparation process is as follows: argent powder and other elemental metalpowders are prepared burden according to 75 ~ 90wt%:10 ~ 25wt%, then temperature be 50 ~ 350 DEG C, rotating speed be the condition of 200 ~ 300 revs/min under ball milling 8 ~ 20 hours, the overall process of ball milling passes into the oxygen that purity is more than 99.9%, sinters and namely obtain complex-phase metallic oxide enhancing Ag-based electrical contact material after finally mixed-powder being pressed into base substrate.
The granularity of described argent powder and other metal dusts is 0.3 ~ 0.8 μm.
Other metal dusts described comprise the mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions in Sn, Zn, Cu, Re, Ni, In, Bi, Al or Mg.
Ratio of grinding media to material in described mechanical milling process is 2 ~ 5:2 ~ 1.
The preferred rate of described spheroidal graphite rotating speed is 250 revs/min.
The pressure of described compacting is 200 ~ 500MPa.
The temperature of described sintering is 500 ~ 650 DEG C, and the time is 1 ~ 4 hour.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: polynary silver alloy Powder Oxidation can be impelled while mechanical alloying, be conducive to formed metal oxide Dispersed precipitate in silver matrix; And the silver-based powder containing complex-phase metallic oxide being less than 1 μm can be obtained, cause sintering temperature lower than other preparation methods, save cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is AgCuOY prepared by the inventive method
2o
3sintered state 500 times of metallographic structure figure of electrical contact material;
Fig. 2 is process chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Execution mode one: as shown in Figure 1, the preparation method that the complex-phase metallic oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is 0.5 μm of argent powder and other elemental metalpowders are prepared burden according to 85wt% and 15wt%, then it is 50 ~ 350 DEG C in temperature, rotating speed is ball milling 10 hours under the condition of 250 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 3:2, the overall process of ball milling passes into the oxygen that purity is more than 99.9%, after finally mixed-powder being pressed into base substrate under pressure is 300MPa, (temperature is 500 DEG C to sintering, time is 2 hours) namely obtain complex-phase metallic oxide enhancing Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts are Sn.As the AgCuOY prepared in Fig. 1
2o
3this execution mode is adopted to obtain CuO and Y exactly
2o
3the Ag-based electrical contact material that two oxides strengthens.From then on see in figure, prepared AgCuOY
2o
3electrical contact material in, Y
2o
3only be distributed in silver matrix granule interior; And CuO particle is not only distributed in around silver matrix particle, also can with Y
2o
3particle co-localization is inner at silver matrix, and such tissue characteristic can give full play to the respective premium properties of two kinds of metal oxides, thus can improve the resistance to wear, arc-extinguishing etc. of this complex phase electrical contact material.
Execution mode two: the preparation method that the complex-phase metallic oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is 0.3 argent powder and other elemental metalpowders are prepared burden according to 75wt% and 25wt%, then it is 100 DEG C in temperature, rotating speed is ball milling 8 hours under the condition of 200 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 3:1, the overall process of ball milling passes into the oxygen that purity is more than 99.9%, after finally mixed-powder being pressed into base substrate under pressure is 600MPa, (temperature is 600 DEG C to sintering, time is 1 hour) namely obtain complex-phase metallic oxide enhancing Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts are the mixture of Sn, Zn, Cu, Re, Ni, In, Bi, Al and Mg arbitrary proportion.
Execution mode three: the preparation method that the complex-phase metallic oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is 0.6 μm of argent powder and other elemental metalpowders are prepared burden according to 90wt% and 10wt%, then it is 300 DEG C in temperature, rotating speed is ball milling 15 hours under the condition of 250 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 2:1, the overall process of ball milling passes into the oxygen that purity is more than 99.9%, after finally mixed-powder being pressed into base substrate under pressure is 400MPa, (temperature is 500 DEG C to sintering, time is 4 hours) namely obtain complex-phase metallic oxide enhancing Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts comprise the mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions in Sn, Zn, Cu, Re, Ni, In, Bi, Al or Mg.
Execution mode four: the preparation method that the complex-phase metallic oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is 0.6 μm of argent powder and other elemental metalpowders are prepared burden according to 90wt% and 10wt%, then it is 300 DEG C in temperature, rotating speed is ball milling 15 hours under the condition of 250 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 2:1, the overall process of ball milling passes into the oxygen that purity is more than 99.9%, after finally mixed-powder being pressed into base substrate under pressure is 500MPa, (temperature is 650 DEG C to sintering, time is 1 hour) namely obtain complex-phase metallic oxide enhancing Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts are the mixture of the arbitrary proportion of Sn, Zn, Cu.
Execution mode five: the preparation method that the complex-phase metallic oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is 0.8 μm of argent powder and other elemental metalpowders are prepared burden according to 90wt% and 10wt%, then it is 50 DEG C in temperature, rotating speed is ball milling 20 hours under the condition of 300 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 1:1, the overall process of ball milling passes into the oxygen that purity is more than 99.9%, after finally mixed-powder being pressed into base substrate under pressure is 200MPa, (temperature is 500 DEG C to sintering, time is 4 hours) namely obtain complex-phase metallic oxide enhancing Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts are the mixture of the arbitrary proportion of In, Bi, Al and Mg.
Execution mode six: the preparation method that the complex-phase metallic oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is 0.7 μm of argent powder and other elemental metalpowders are prepared burden according to 90wt% and 10wt%, then it is 300 DEG C in temperature, rotating speed is ball milling 15 hours under the condition of 250 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 1:1, the overall process of ball milling passes into the oxygen that purity is more than 99.9%, after finally mixed-powder being pressed into base substrate under pressure is 400MPa, (temperature is 500 DEG C to sintering, time is 4 hours) namely obtain complex-phase metallic oxide enhancing Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts are Bi.
Execution mode seven: the preparation method that the complex-phase metallic oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is 0.6 μm of argent powder and other elemental metalpowders are prepared burden according to 90wt% and 10wt%, then it is 300 DEG C in temperature, rotating speed is ball milling 15 hours under the condition of 250 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 5:1, the overall process of ball milling passes into the oxygen that purity is more than 99.9%, after finally mixed-powder being pressed into base substrate under pressure is 400MPa, (temperature is 500 DEG C to sintering, time is 4 hours) namely obtain complex-phase metallic oxide enhancing Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts are the mixture of the arbitrary proportion of Cu, Re, Ni, In, Bi, Al and Mg.
Below by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, various change can also be made under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of a complex-phase metallic oxide enhancing Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that concrete steps comprise: argent powder and other elemental metalpowders are prepared burden according to 75 ~ 90wt%:10 ~ 25wt%, then temperature be 50 ~ 350 DEG C, rotating speed be the condition of 200 ~ 300 revs/min under ball milling 8 ~ 20 hours, the overall process of ball milling passes into the oxygen that purity is more than 99.9%, sinters and namely obtain complex-phase metallic oxide enhancing Ag-based electrical contact material after finally mixed-powder being pressed into base substrate.
2. complex-phase metallic oxide according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that: the granularity of described argent powder and other elemental metalpowders is 0.3 ~ 0.8 μm.
3. complex-phase metallic oxide according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that: other elemental metalpowders described comprise the mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions in Sn, Zn, Cu, Re, Ni, In, Bi, Al or Mg.
4. complex-phase metallic oxide according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that: the ratio of grinding media to material in described mechanical milling process is 2 ~ 5:2 ~ 1.
5. complex-phase metallic oxide according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that: rotational speed of ball-mill is 250 revs/min.
6. complex-phase metallic oxide according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that: the pressure of described compacting is 200 ~ 500MPa.
7. complex-phase metallic oxide according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that: the temperature of described sintering is 500 ~ 650 DEG C, and the time is 1 ~ 4 hour.
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| CN104357704A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-02-18 | 李博 | Nickel oxide dispersion-strengthened silver-based alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106449191B (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2018-03-27 | 宁波金点电子有限公司 | A kind of manufacture device of triplex contact and the triplex contact |
| CN108624771A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-10-09 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | A method of preparing nano-oxide particles enhancing metallic composite |
| CN117107100B (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2024-01-30 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for reinforcing silver-based material by metal oxide with core-shell structure |
| CN117127046B (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2024-04-16 | 昆明理工大学 | SnO (tin oxide)2@In2O3Preparation method of reinforced silver-based composite material |
| CN117026004B (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2024-01-12 | 昆明理工大学 | ZnO@In 2 O 3 Reinforced silver-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1477219A (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-02-25 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Preparation method of siluer metal oxide electric contact material |
| CN101775513A (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2010-07-14 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing (TiB2+TiC) dispersion-strengthened copper-based composite material by mechanical alloying |
| CN102176336A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-09-07 | 温州宏丰电工合金股份有限公司 | Preparation method of silver-based oxide electrical contact material with filamentary structure |
| EP2644723A1 (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-10-02 | Umicore AG & Co. KG | Composite material |
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| CN1477219A (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-02-25 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Preparation method of siluer metal oxide electric contact material |
| CN101775513A (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2010-07-14 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing (TiB2+TiC) dispersion-strengthened copper-based composite material by mechanical alloying |
| CN102176336A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-09-07 | 温州宏丰电工合金股份有限公司 | Preparation method of silver-based oxide electrical contact material with filamentary structure |
| EP2644723A1 (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-10-02 | Umicore AG & Co. KG | Composite material |
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