CN103681015A - Production method of composite metal oxide enhanced silver-based electrical contact material - Google Patents
Production method of composite metal oxide enhanced silver-based electrical contact material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103681015A CN103681015A CN201310612538.3A CN201310612538A CN103681015A CN 103681015 A CN103681015 A CN 103681015A CN 201310612538 A CN201310612538 A CN 201310612538A CN 103681015 A CN103681015 A CN 103681015A
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- metal oxide
- electrical contact
- contact material
- based electrical
- complex phase
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003701 mechanical milling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005551 mechanical alloying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000754 repressing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017726 AgNiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001312 Amalgam (dentistry) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008045 co-localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000448 dental amalgam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production method of composite metal oxide enhanced silver-based electrical contact material and belongs to the technical field of AgMeO contact materials for low-voltage apparatus. According to the method, silver powder is mixed with other metal powders according to the weight ratio of 75-90%:10-25%; the mixture is ball-milled at the temperature of 50-350 DEG C at the speed of 200-300r/m for 8-20 hours; oxygen with purity more than 99.9% is introduced during the full process of ball milling; mixed powder is finally pressed into a blank which is sintered into the composite metal oxide enhanced silver-based electrical contact material. The method has the advantages that oxidation of multiple silver alloy powder can be promoted during mechanical alloying and metal oxides formed can spread into sliver base.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method that a kind of complex phase metal oxide strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material, belong to low-voltage electrical apparatus AgMeO contact material technical field.
Background technology
Silver-base metal oxide (AgMeO) electrical contact material refers to that the metal oxide particle of disperse is distributed in a kind of material in silver matrix, has good conductivity, resistance fusion welding, resistance to electrical wear and useful life; In low-voltage electrical apparatus, have wide practical use.
The AgMeO electrical contact material occurring is the earliest AgCdO material, because it has resistance to electric arc, anti-melting welding, resistance to mechanical wear, corrosion-resistant, good stability, and there is the many merits such as lower contact resistance, good processability and solderability, be called as " omnipotent contact "; But because it is used by developed country's restrictions such as European Union at preparation and the toxicity problem in use procedure, this just impels people to develop the AgMeO electrical contact material without Cd.At present, the AgMeO electrical contact material without Cd of main research has AgSnO2, AgZnO, AgNiO, AgREO, AgCuO etc., but the performance of these AgMeO electrical contact materials all can not reach the such instructions for use of AgCdO electrical contact material completely.Particularly, along with the update of electronics, telecommunication products, the research of electrical contact material and production are had higher requirement, single oxide strengthens money base composite contact material, can not meet the needs of electronic product.Therefore, prepare the inexorable trend that silver base poly phase composite oxide electrical contact material has become electrical contact material development.
The preparation method of known ag-oxide contact material has following several:
1, chemical coprecipitation: this method is to prepare silver metal composite powder by chemical precipitation method, then prepare siluer metal oxide contact material through batch mixing, compressing, sintering, repressing and re-sintering, extruding drawing or rolling mill practice;
2, alloy inner oxidation method: first this method prepares silver metal powder by powder process, then puts into silver metal powder certain partial pressure of oxygen atmosphere metal is oxidized, and generates stable metal oxide; Then the siluer metal oxide composite powder being oxidized is prepared to siluer metal oxide contact material through compressing, sintering, repressing and re-sintering, extruding drawing or rolling mill practice;
3, powder metallurgic method: this method is that silver powder and metal oxide powder are mixed, then prepare siluer metal oxide contact material through batch mixing, compressing, sintering, repressing and re-sintering, extruding drawing or rolling mill practice.
4, reaction synthesis method: the method is that silver powder, alloy for dental amalgam and oxidation silver powder are mixed, is synthesizing to prepare siluer metal oxide contact material through compacting, sintering reaction.
The technology of preparing of known siluer metal oxide contact material, although can prepare siluer metal oxide material, but, in these material preparation technology or exist the pollution problem of acid in siluer metal oxide composite powder preparation process, alkali, salt, or owing to need preparing separately metal oxide powder, mixing with silver powder again, thereby make the preparatory stage of powder long, cause complex process, production cost too high; Or the siluer metal oxide electric contact material interface obtaining in conjunction with firmly, poor processability, problem that lumber recovery is low.Problem based on above-mentioned various preparation methods just, the present invention proposes a kind of technology of preparing of complex phase metal oxide Ag-based electrical contact material.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to single metal oxide and strengthen the requirement that Ag-based electrical contact material can not meet market completely, and the existing problem of other preparation methods, proposed the preparation method that a kind of complex phase metal oxide strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material, advantage is that sintering temperature is low, with low cost.
Technical scheme of the present invention is in mechanical alloying, to make polynary silver alloy powder oxidized, and matrix silver alloy is by refinement, and formed metal oxide can be distributed in silver matrix in disperse; Concrete preparation process is as follows: argent powder and other elemental metalpowders are prepared burden according to 75～90wt%:10～25 wt%, then in temperature, be that 50～350 ℃, rotating speed are ball milling 8～20 hours under the condition of 200～300 revs/min, it is more than 99.9% oxygen that the overall process of ball milling passes into purity, finally mixed-powder is pressed into after base substrate to sintering and obtains complex phase metal oxide and strengthen Ag-based electrical contact material.
The granularity of described argent powder and other metal dusts is 0.3～0.8 μ m.
Described other metal dusts comprise the mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions in Sn, Zn, Cu, Re, Ni, In, Bi, Al or Mg.
Ratio of grinding media to material in described mechanical milling process is 2～5:2～1.
The preferred rate of described spheroidal graphite rotating speed is 250 revs/min.
The pressure of described compacting is 200～500MPa.
The temperature of described sintering is 500～650 ℃, and the time is 1～4 hour.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can in mechanical alloying, impel polynary silver alloy powder oxidation, be conducive to formed metal oxide disperse and be distributed in silver matrix; And can obtain the silver-based powder that contains complex phase metal oxide that is less than 1 μ m, and cause sintering temperature lower than other preparation methods, saved cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is AgCuOY prepared by the inventive method
2o
3500 times of metallographic structure figure of sintered state of electrical contact material;
Fig. 2 is process chart of the present invention.
embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Execution mode one: as shown in Figure 1, the preparation method that the complex phase metal oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is to 0.5 μ m argent powder and prepares burden according to 85wt% and 15 wt% with other elemental metalpowders, then in temperature, it is 50～350 ℃, rotating speed is ball milling 10 hours under the condition of 250 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 3:2, it is more than 99.9% oxygen that the overall process of ball milling passes into purity, finally by mixed-powder after pressure is to be pressed into base substrate under 300MPa sintering (temperature is 500 ℃, time is 2 hours) obtain complex phase metal oxide and strengthen Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts are Sn.As the AgCuOY preparing in Fig. 1
2o
3adopt exactly this execution mode to obtain CuO and Y
2o
3two kinds of Ag-based electrical contact materials that oxide strengthens.From then in figure, see prepared AgCuOY
2o
3electrical contact material in, Y
2o
3only be distributed in silver matrix granule interior; And CuO particle is not only distributed in around silver matrix particle, also can with Y
2o
3particle co-localization is inner at silver matrix, and such tissue characteristic can give full play to the premium properties separately of two kinds of metal oxides, thereby can improve the resistance to wear, arc extinguishing etc. of this complex phase electrical contact material.
Execution mode two: the preparation method that the complex phase metal oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is to 0.3 argent powder and prepares burden according to 75wt% and 25 wt% with other elemental metalpowders, then in temperature, it is 100 ℃, rotating speed is ball milling 8 hours under the condition of 200 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 3:1, it is more than 99.9% oxygen that the overall process of ball milling passes into purity, finally by mixed-powder after pressure is to be pressed into base substrate under 600MPa sintering (temperature is 600 ℃, time is 1 hour) obtain complex phase metal oxide and strengthen Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts are the mixture of Sn, Zn, Cu, Re, Ni, In, Bi, Al and Mg arbitrary proportion.
Execution mode three: the preparation method that the complex phase metal oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is to 0.6 μ m argent powder and prepares burden according to 90wt% and 10wt% with other elemental metalpowders, then in temperature, it is 300 ℃, rotating speed is ball milling 15 hours under the condition of 250 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 2:1, it is more than 99.9% oxygen that the overall process of ball milling passes into purity, finally by mixed-powder after pressure is to be pressed into base substrate under 400MPa sintering (temperature is 500 ℃, time is 4 hours) obtain complex phase metal oxide and strengthen Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts comprise the mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions in Sn, Zn, Cu, Re, Ni, In, Bi, Al or Mg.
Execution mode four: the preparation method that the complex phase metal oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is to 0.6 μ m argent powder and prepares burden according to 90wt% and 10wt% with other elemental metalpowders, then in temperature, it is 300 ℃, rotating speed is ball milling 15 hours under the condition of 250 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 2:1, it is more than 99.9% oxygen that the overall process of ball milling passes into purity, finally by mixed-powder after pressure is to be pressed into base substrate under 500MPa sintering (temperature is 650 ℃, time is 1 hour) obtain complex phase metal oxide and strengthen Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts are the mixture of the arbitrary proportion of Sn, Zn, Cu.
Execution mode five: the preparation method that the complex phase metal oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is to 0.8 μ m argent powder and prepares burden according to 90wt% and 10wt% with other elemental metalpowders, then in temperature, it is 50 ℃, rotating speed is ball milling 20 hours under the condition of 300 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 1:1, it is more than 99.9% oxygen that the overall process of ball milling passes into purity, finally by mixed-powder after pressure is to be pressed into base substrate under 200MPa sintering (temperature is 500 ℃, time is 4 hours) obtain complex phase metal oxide and strengthen Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts are the mixture of the arbitrary proportion of In, Bi, Al and Mg.
Execution mode six: the preparation method that the complex phase metal oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is to 0.7 μ m argent powder and prepares burden according to 90wt% and 10wt% with other elemental metalpowders, then in temperature, it is 300 ℃, rotating speed is ball milling 15 hours under the condition of 250 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 1:1, it is more than 99.9% oxygen that the overall process of ball milling passes into purity, finally by mixed-powder after pressure is to be pressed into base substrate under 400MPa sintering (temperature is 500 ℃, time is 4 hours) obtain complex phase metal oxide and strengthen Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts are Bi.
Execution mode seven: the preparation method that the complex phase metal oxide of present embodiment strengthens Ag-based electrical contact material is: granularity is to 0.6 μ m argent powder and prepares burden according to 90wt% and 10wt% with other elemental metalpowders, then in temperature, it is 300 ℃, rotating speed is ball milling 15 hours under the condition of 250 revs/min, ratio of grinding media to material is 5:1, it is more than 99.9% oxygen that the overall process of ball milling passes into purity, finally by mixed-powder after pressure is to be pressed into base substrate under 400MPa sintering (temperature is 500 ℃, time is 4 hours) obtain complex phase metal oxide and strengthen Ag-based electrical contact material.Other metal dusts are the mixture of the arbitrary proportion of Cu, Re, Ni, In, Bi, Al and Mg.
Below by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode, in the ken possessing those of ordinary skills, can also under the prerequisite that does not depart from aim of the present invention, make various variations.
Claims (7)
1. a complex phase metal oxide strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that concrete steps comprise: argent powder and other elemental metalpowders are prepared burden according to 75～90wt%:10～25wt%, then in temperature, be that 50～350 ℃, rotating speed are ball milling 8～20 hours under the condition of 200～300 revs/min, it is more than 99.9% oxygen that the overall process of ball milling passes into purity, finally mixed-powder is pressed into after base substrate to sintering and obtains complex phase metal oxide and strengthen Ag-based electrical contact material.
2. complex phase metal oxide according to claim 1 and 2 strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that: the granularity of described argent powder and other metal dusts is 0.3～0.8 μ m.
3. complex phase metal oxide according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that: described other metal dusts comprise the mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions in Sn, Zn, Cu, Re, Ni, In, Bi, Al or Mg.
4. complex phase metal oxide according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that: the ratio of grinding media to material in described mechanical milling process is 2～5:2～1.
5. complex phase metal oxide according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that: described spheroidal graphite rotating speed is 250 revs/min.
6. complex phase metal oxide according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that: the pressure of described compacting is 200～500MPa.
7. complex phase metal oxide according to claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of Ag-based electrical contact material, it is characterized in that: the temperature of described sintering is 500～650 ℃, and the time is 1～4 hour.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104357704A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-02-18 | 李博 | Nickel oxide dispersion-strengthened silver-based alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106449191A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-02-22 | 宁波金点电子有限公司 | Three-composite contact and manufacturing device thereof |
| WO2019205231A1 (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-10-31 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Method for preparing nanometer oxide particle reinforced metal composite material |
| CN117026004A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-11-10 | 昆明理工大学 | ZnO@In 2 O 3 Reinforced silver-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN117107100A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-11-24 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for reinforcing silver-based material by metal oxide with core-shell structure |
| CN117127046A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-11-28 | 昆明理工大学 | SnO (tin oxide) 2 @In 2 O 3 Preparation method of reinforced silver-based composite material |
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| CN102176336A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-09-07 | 温州宏丰电工合金股份有限公司 | Preparation method of silver-based oxide electrical contact material with filamentary structure |
| EP2644723A1 (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2013-10-02 | Umicore AG & Co. KG | Composite material |
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2013
- 2013-11-28 CN CN201310612538.3A patent/CN103681015B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN1477219A (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-02-25 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Preparation method of siluer metal oxide electric contact material |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104357704A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-02-18 | 李博 | Nickel oxide dispersion-strengthened silver-based alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106449191A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-02-22 | 宁波金点电子有限公司 | Three-composite contact and manufacturing device thereof |
| WO2019205231A1 (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-10-31 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Method for preparing nanometer oxide particle reinforced metal composite material |
| CN117107100A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-11-24 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for reinforcing silver-based material by metal oxide with core-shell structure |
| CN117107100B (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2024-01-30 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for reinforcing silver-based material by metal oxide with core-shell structure |
| CN117127046A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-11-28 | 昆明理工大学 | SnO (tin oxide) 2 @In 2 O 3 Preparation method of reinforced silver-based composite material |
| CN117127046B (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2024-04-16 | 昆明理工大学 | SnO (tin oxide)2@In2O3Preparation method of reinforced silver-based composite material |
| CN117026004A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-11-10 | 昆明理工大学 | ZnO@In 2 O 3 Reinforced silver-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN117026004B (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2024-01-12 | 昆明理工大学 | ZnO@In 2 O 3 Reinforced silver-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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