CN103664270A - Full-automatic aerobic composting test equipment - Google Patents
Full-automatic aerobic composting test equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN103664270A CN103664270A CN201310695826.XA CN201310695826A CN103664270A CN 103664270 A CN103664270 A CN 103664270A CN 201310695826 A CN201310695826 A CN 201310695826A CN 103664270 A CN103664270 A CN 103664270A
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
Full-automatic aerobic composting test equipment comprises a fermentation tank, an intermittent aeration system and a control system, wherein a tail gas outlet is arranged on a fermentation tank cover, gas collection tanks are connected behind the tail gas outlet, upper, middle and lower layers of sampling and temperature ports as well as a discharge port are formed in side walls of the fermentation tank, a waste liquor outlet is arranged on the tank bottom, and a T-shaped gas distribution device is arranged in the fermentation tank; the intermittent aeration system comprises an air storage tank connected with an air pump; an air heater, a solenoid valve and a gas flowmeter are sequentially arranged on an air discharge pipeline of the air storage tank; and the control system comprises a pile temperature sensor and an environment temperature sensor which are connected to a PLC (programmable logic controller) module through a temperature module, and an output control signal of the PLC module is connected with the solenoid valve. According to the test equipment, even aeration of a pile can be guaranteed, the needed external air pressure is small, and the pile heat emission and the power consumption are less; the aeration flow, the aeration temperature, the aeration interval and the aeration duration are controlled automatically, and temperature data are recorded automatically; and stratified sampling can be performed and samples are even.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of use for laboratory compost device, particularly a kind of full-automatic aerobic compost testing installation.
Background technology
Aerobic compost is main path and the effective means that realizes the innoxious and resource utilization of organic waste.Along with the development of intensive culture industry, the feces of livestock and poultry of large-scale cultivation field has become the main source of feces of livestock and poultry.In large-scale cultivation field waste, contain the problems such as microbiotic, heavy metal, carry out the impact research of the pollutents such as microbiotic and heavy metal on aerobic composting process, significant for harmless treatment and the recycling of Stock raising waste.
Large-scale composting test takes up an area large, and compost parameter is wayward, and compost management (ventilation, turning etc.) inconvenience, is unfavorable for the research of composting process.Utilizing laboratory scale aerobic composting device to carry out composting test, have parameter and control the advantages such as simple, accurate, is the good selection of carrying out experimental study.The laboratory scale aerobic composting device of selling in the market, most heat insulation effects are poor, can only when envrionment temperature is high, use; Also have part fermentor tank to adopt water bath with thermostatic control insulation, but cost is high, power consumption is large, does not also meet actual compost situation.The many employings of existing laboratory scale aerobic composting device are ventilated continuously or mechanical turning is heap body air feed, the heat that ventilation is taken out of is continuously large, be unfavorable for piling body and heat up and be incubated, affect the effect of pathogenic microbe killing, and pneumatic pump non-stop run power consumption is large, pneumatic pump minimizing in work-ing life; Machinery turning meeting causes bioaerosol (bioaerosol) to distribute in air, causes secondary pollution, and automation heap turning over device also increases fermentor tank cost and power consumption greatly, operation inconvenience.The problems such as in addition, most fermentor tanks are not considered the Sampling in composting test process, can not carry out group sampling, and existence sampling is inconvenient, inhomogeneous.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of full-automatic aerobic compost testing installation, high insulating effect, can normally be used at low temperatures; Ventilatory effect is good, and without turning, cost is low, consumes energy low; Sampling is convenient, even; Simple to operate, level of automation is high.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A full-automatic aerobic compost testing installation, comprises fermentor tank, intermittent type blow and vent system and Controlling System, wherein:
Described fermentor tank comprises fermentor tank 1, the sidewall of fermentor tank 1 is provided with, in, lower three layers of sampling and temperature mouth 3, fermentor tank 1 bottom arranges discharge opening 7, at the bottom of tank, 4 is ramp type structure and be provided with waste liquid outlet 5, on cover 8, be provided with the tail gas outlet 11 that is communicated to collection and confinement of gases tank 12, the interior setting of fermentor tank 1 is by the gas distribution cake 15 with sieve aperture, in order to support the gas distribution support 16 of gas distribution cake 15 and the landing tee device of air forming with the cloth gas column 14 of sieve aperture, gas distribution support 16 is arranged at the bottom of tank on 4, cloth gas column 14 is arranged on gas distribution cake 15 tops, at the bottom of gas distribution cake 15 belows and tank, between 4, form air supply chamber 13,
Described intermittent type blow and vent system is arranged on fermentor tank 1 outside, comprises the gas-holder 26 that is connected to pneumatic pump 27, sets gradually airheater 24, magnetic valve 23 and gas meter 17 on the outlet pipe of gas-holder 26, and gas meter 17 is connected with air supply chamber 13;
Described Controlling System comprises the heap temperature sensor 18 that is arranged on sampling and temperature mouth 3 and the environment temperature sensor 19 that is arranged on fermentor tank 1 outside, the output of heap temperature sensor 18 and environment temperature sensor 19 is all connected to PLC module 21 by thermal module 20, PLC module 21 connects indicating meter 22, and the output control signal of PLC module 21 is connected to magnetic valve 23.
The present invention also comprises sampling thief 28, the whole column construction that adopts of sampling thief 28, and tail end arranges sampling 29, and front end is taper sampling head 31, and sampling groove 30 is set on cylinder.
Described fermentor tank 1 is cylindricality double-layer stainless steel structure, filled glass fiber in its heat preservation sandwich layer 2, and heat preservation sandwich layer thickness is more than or equal to 3cm.
Sieve aperture on described gas distribution cake 15 and cloth gas column 14 is the center of circle or square, and its diameter or the length of side are less than or equal to 2mm.
On described cover 8, tank is set 9, cover 8 is connected on fermentor tank 1 by flange 10.
On described airheater 24, dispose temperature protection switch 25.
Described intermittent type blow and vent system is as a plurality of fermentor tank shared devices.
Described Controlling System is as a plurality of fermentor tank shared devices.
Described PLC module has and comprises ventilation duration, the intermittent type sequence of control of ventilation in being disposed on.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention is provided with heat preservation sandwich layer, Sandwich filling glass fibre, tank body high insulating effect.Utilize the present invention to carry out composting test, not influenced by ambient temperature.
2, the present invention is provided with landing tee device of air, and distribution device consists of cloth gas column and gas distribution cake, is provided with sieve aperture, and the air passing into enters after air supply chamber, can be the oxygen supply of heap body from bottom and middle part, reduced required external source gaseous tension, and ventilation is more even.
3, intermittent type blow and vent system of the present invention and Controlling System, can be used as the common plant of many fermentor tanks, reduces the total costs of many cover fermentor tanks.
4, in intermittent type blow and vent system of the present invention, be provided with airheater, can by temperature protection switch setting, be passed into the temperature of air, avoid freezing air on piling warm impact.Magnetic valve in blow and vent system is connected with PLC module, and ventilation duration and ventilation interval can be set, and can meet on the basis of the required oxygen supply of composting process, at utmost reduces heap body heat content and dissipates and power consumption.
4, Controlling System of the present invention can realize the real time record of heap temperature and envrionment temperature, and is depicted as curve, and temperature data can be derived by USB interface, without manual record.
5, three layers of sampling of upper, middle and lower and the temperature mouth of being provided with of the present invention, can be used as temperature sensor socket, also can be used as thief hole, can realize temperature measuring and the sample collecting of three layers of upper, middle and lowers.
6, the present invention is provided with sampling thief, and the sampling head of sampling thief is taper, and rapid operation is convenient, and the sample homogeneity gathering is good.
7, the present invention is multiple functional, and level of automation is high, simple to operate, is applicable to laboratory compost research.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is sampling thief schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that a plurality of fermentor tanks share intermittent type blow and vent system schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is a plurality of fermentor tank common control system schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, describe embodiments of the present invention in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of full-automatic aerobic compost testing installation, mainly comprises fermentor tank, intermittent type blow and vent system, Controlling System and sampling thief.
Wherein fermentor tank is supported by support 6, and fermentor tank 1 is cylindrical stainless steel double layer design, and heat preservation sandwich layer 2 thickness are more than or equal to 3cm, inner filled glass fiber; Fermentor tank 1 bottom is provided with discharge opening 7, to facilitate compost to finish drawing off of rear material; Fermentor tank 1 sidewall is provided with upper, middle and lower-ranking sampling and temperature mouth 3, can realize temperature measuring and the sample collecting of heap body upper, middle and lower-ranking; At the bottom of tank, 4 adopt ramp type design, have waste liquid outlet 5, and the waste liquid that the percolate that composting process produces and purge tank produce can be discharged by waste liquid outlet 5; In fermentor tank, be provided with landing tee device of air, by cloth gas column 14, gas distribution cake 15 and gas distribution support 16, formed, gas distribution support 16 is arranged at the bottom of tank on 4, cloth gas column 14 is arranged on gas distribution cake 15 tops, gas distribution cake 15 and cloth gas column 14 are provided with sieve aperture, the air passing into enters heap body through landing tee device of air, can reduce required air pressure, and ventilation is more even; At the bottom of gas distribution cake 15 belows and tank, between 4, form air supply chamber 13, the air passing into forms buffering at air supply chamber 13; Cover 4 bottoms adopt ramp types design, and the moisture convergence producing in composting process is in the bottom of cover 8, and pass back into heap body, reduce the moisture loss of heap body; Cover 8 is provided with tank 9, facilitates cover dismounting; Cover 8 is provided with tail gas outlet 11, and tail gas outlet 11 is connected with collection and confinement of gases tank 12, realizes exhaust collection, and a plurality of collection and confinement of gases tanks 12 of can connecting as required, realize the collection of multiple gases.
Intermittent type blow and vent system comprises gas meter 17, magnetic valve 23, airheater 24, temperature protection switch 25, gas-holder 26 and pneumatic pump 27, is arranged on fermentor tank 1 outside, can be used as the common plant of a plurality of fermentor tanks.Gas-holder 26 connects pneumatic pump 27, sets gradually airheater 24, magnetic valve 23 and gas meter 17 on the outlet pipe of gas-holder 26, and gas meter 17 is connected with air supply chamber 13; Ventilation flow rate can be controlled by gas meter 17; Magnetic valve 23 is connected with PLC module 21, can realize the control at ventilation duration, ventilation interval; Airheater 24 is connected with temperature protection switch 25, and the temperature that passes into air can be set.
Controlling System comprises heap temperature sensor 18, environment temperature sensor 19, thermal module 20, PLC module 21 and indicating meter 22, can be used as the common plant of a plurality of fermentor tanks.Heap temperature sensor 18 is arranged on sampling and temperature mouth 3, environment temperature sensor 19 is arranged on fermentor tank 1 outside, the output of the two is all connected to PLC module 21 by thermal module 20, and PLC module 21 connects indicating meter 22, and the output control signal of PLC module 21 is connected to magnetic valve 23.Thereby make heap temperature and the envrionment temperature can real time record, and show on indicating meter 22, temperature data can be derived by USB.
As shown in Figure 2, the whole column construction that adopts of sampling thief 28, tail end arranges sampling 29, and front end is taper sampling head 31, and sampling groove 30 is set on cylinder.Sampling operation is convenient, and the sample homogeneity of collection is good.
Working process of the present invention is:
After windrow tank filling 1,1, cover 8 and tank have rubber cradle, and connect by flange 10.The interior filled glass fiber of tank heat preservation sandwich layer 2 is tank insulation.Pneumatic pump 27 is to gas-holder 26 air feed, and guaranteeing has enough pressure in tank.Air in gas-holder 26, through airheater 24, to the air heating passing into, can arrange by temperature protection switch 25 temperature that adds warm air.Magnetic valve 23 is connected with PLC module 21, and PLC module 21 contains intermittent type ventilation program, and ventilation duration and ventilation interval can be set, and controls the switch of magnetic valve.When magnetic valve 23 is opened, warm air enters air supply chamber 13 through gas meter 17, and enters heap body by cloth gas column 14 and gas distribution cake 15, is heap body air feed equably.Heap temperature in composting process and envrionment temperature are measured by heap temperature sensor 18 and environment temperature sensor 19 respectively, data are recorded in PLC module 21 and analyze, finally 22 demonstrations on indicating meter through thermal module 20.The gas that composting process produces is discharged from tail gas outlet 11, and is collected by collection and confinement of gases tank 12.The percolate that composting process produces is gathered at the bottom of tank 4, can regularly by waste liquid outlet 5, discharge.While carrying out compost sample collection, unload heap temperature sensor 18, sampling thief 28 is inserted to sampling and temperature mouths 3, rotation sampling thief, can carry out the collection of upper, middle and lower-ranking compost sample.After compost finishes, material draws off by discharge opening 7, and the waste liquid of purge tank is discharged by waste liquid outlet 5.
As shown in Figure 3, when intermittent type blow and vent system is during as common plant, a plurality of magnetic valves 23 of the rear connection of PLC module 21, can carry out the ventilation duration of different fermentations tank and the control respectively at ventilation interval.
As shown in Figure 4, when Controlling System is during as common plant, thermal module 20 is connected with a plurality of heap temperature sensors 18, can carry out a plurality of tank temperature measurings and record.
Claims (9)
1. a full-automatic aerobic compost testing installation, comprises fermentor tank, intermittent type blow and vent system and Controlling System, it is characterized in that:
The sidewall of described fermentor tank (1) is provided with, in, lower three layers of sampling and temperature mouth (3), fermentor tank (1) bottom arranges discharge opening (7), at the bottom of tank, (4) are ramp type structure and are provided with waste liquid outlet (5), cover (8) is provided with the tail gas outlet (11) that is communicated to collection and confinement of gases tank (12), in fermentor tank (1), arrange by the gas distribution cake (15) with sieve aperture, in order to support the gas distribution support (16) of gas distribution cake (15) and the landing tee device of air forming with the cloth gas column (14) of sieve aperture, at the bottom of gas distribution support (16) is arranged on tank on (4), cloth gas column (14) is arranged on gas distribution cake (15) top, at the bottom of gas distribution cake (15) below and tank, between (4), form air supply chamber (13),
Described intermittent type blow and vent system is arranged on fermentor tank (1) outside, comprise the gas-holder (26) that is connected to pneumatic pump (27), on the outlet pipe of gas-holder (26), set gradually airheater (24), magnetic valve (23) and gas meter (17), gas meter (17) is connected with air supply chamber (13);
Described Controlling System comprises the environment temperature sensor (19) that is arranged on the heap temperature sensor (18) of sampling and temperature mouth (3) and is arranged on fermentor tank (1) outside, the output of heap temperature sensor (18) and environment temperature sensor (19) is all connected to PLC module (21) by thermal module (20), PLC module (21) connects indicating meter (22), and the output control signal of PLC module (21) is connected to magnetic valve (23).
2. full-automatic aerobic compost testing installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises sampling thief (28), the whole column construction that adopts of sampling thief (28), tail end arranges sampling (29), and front end is taper sampling head (31), and sampling groove (30) is set on cylinder.
3. full-automatic aerobic compost testing installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fermentor tank (1) is cylindricality double-layer stainless steel structure, filled glass fiber in its heat preservation sandwich layer (2), and heat preservation sandwich layer thickness is more than or equal to 3cm.
4. full-automatic aerobic compost testing installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the sieve aperture on described gas distribution cake (15) and cloth gas column (14) is the center of circle or square, and its diameter or the length of side are less than or equal to 2mm, and percentage of open area is 20～30%.
5. full-automatic aerobic compost testing installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, tank is set (9) on described cover (8), and cover (8) is connected on fermentor tank (1) by flange (10).
6. full-automatic aerobic compost testing installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, disposes temperature protection switch (25) on described airheater (24).
7. full-automatic aerobic compost testing installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described intermittent type blow and vent system is as a plurality of fermentor tank shared devices.
8. according to the full-automatic aerobic compost testing installation described in claim 1 or 7, it is characterized in that, described Controlling System is as a plurality of fermentor tank shared devices.
9. full-automatic aerobic compost testing installation according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described PLC module has and comprises ventilation duration, the intermittent type sequence of control of ventilation in being disposed on.
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| CN201310695826.XA CN103664270B (en) | 2013-12-17 | 2013-12-17 | Full-automatic aerobic composting test equipment |
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| CN201310695826.XA CN103664270B (en) | 2013-12-17 | 2013-12-17 | Full-automatic aerobic composting test equipment |
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| CN103664270A true CN103664270A (en) | 2014-03-26 |
| CN103664270B CN103664270B (en) | 2015-01-21 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105732145A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-07-06 | 中国农业大学 | Film mulching aerobic composting reactor test apparatus |
| CN106747752A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-05-31 | 北京市农林科学院 | A kind of compost fermentation tank |
| CN106940367A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-07-11 | 陕西省微生物研究所 | A kind of rotten device of full-automatic spheroid rotation type soil heap |
| CN108329065A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-27 | 占学宽 | A kind of K-rich organic fertilizer production system |
| CN108395292A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-08-14 | 深圳市晓控通信科技有限公司 | A kind of aerobic compost reaction unit for organic waste recycling treatment |
| CN111175083A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-19 | 蒋汉英 | Sampling equipment for cement production |
| CN112924247A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-08 | 广东工业大学 | Online collection and analysis system for bioaerosol released by anaerobic fermentation of household garbage and application of online collection and analysis system |
| CN114671719A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-06-28 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Composting device and using method thereof |
| FR3119620A1 (en) | 2021-02-06 | 2022-08-12 | Kevin Pascal | COMPOSTING APPARATUS |
| CN116283379A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-06-23 | 华中科技大学 | Small horizontal intelligent aerobic composting device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105732145A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-07-06 | 中国农业大学 | Film mulching aerobic composting reactor test apparatus |
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| CN111175083A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-19 | 蒋汉英 | Sampling equipment for cement production |
| FR3119620A1 (en) | 2021-02-06 | 2022-08-12 | Kevin Pascal | COMPOSTING APPARATUS |
| CN112924247A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-08 | 广东工业大学 | Online collection and analysis system for bioaerosol released by anaerobic fermentation of household garbage and application of online collection and analysis system |
| CN114671719A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-06-28 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Composting device and using method thereof |
| CN114671719B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2023-01-31 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Composting device and using method thereof |
| CN116283379A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-06-23 | 华中科技大学 | Small horizontal intelligent aerobic composting device |
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| CN103664270B (en) | 2015-01-21 |
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