CN103636534A - Fish barriering and escape preventing device suitable for riverway type reservoir and management and maintenance method thereof - Google Patents
Fish barriering and escape preventing device suitable for riverway type reservoir and management and maintenance method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103636534A CN103636534A CN201310641843.5A CN201310641843A CN103636534A CN 103636534 A CN103636534 A CN 103636534A CN 201310641843 A CN201310641843 A CN 201310641843A CN 103636534 A CN103636534 A CN 103636534A
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of escape preventing in freshwater fishery resource utilization and large-water-surface culturing and proliferation, and particularly discloses a fish barriering and escape preventing device suitable for a riverway type reservoir and a management and maintenance method thereof. The fish barriering and escape preventing device comprises fixing edge frames, a base and a lift type fish barriering and escape preventing system. The fixing edge frames are arranged on the both sides of a riverway, the permanent submerge sections of the edge frames are connected with the base, the upper sections of the edge frames are connected to the lift type fish barriering and escape preventing system, and the lift type fish barriering and escape preventing system comprises a fish barriering and escape preventing net, mooring ropes and an automatic lifting device, wherein voice control and pressure telescopic lifting are adopted by the automatic lifting device. The management and maintenance key points of the fish barriering and escape preventing device suitable for the riverway type reservoir include specially-assigned person guard, specially-assigned person management, periodic inspection and periodic cleaning. Aiming at the multifunctional characteristics of the riverway type reservoir, the fish barriering and escape preventing device suitable for the riverway type reservoir has the functions of fish barriering and escape preventing through ingenious design, the requirements of the large-water-surface culturing and proliferation are met, the navigable requirements of the reservoir riverway are met, water body exchange is not isolated, and the fish barriering and escape preventing device suitable for the riverway type reservoir is an efficient facility for the utilization of fishery resources of the riverway type reservoir.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the anti-technical field of escaping of the large water surface aquaculture of the fresh water fishery utilization of resources and reservoir, more specifically relate to a kind of be applicable to river-like reservoir block fish anti-escape device and management and maintenance method thereof, be applicable to guarantee in the production of river-like reservoir fish stock increasing that the fish of blocking of the accessible navigation of boats and ships prevents escaping, the ecological fishery that is particularly useful for Three Gorges Reservoir and Danjiangkou Reservoir tributary, the aquaculture that is equally also applicable to river water is prevented escaping.
Background technology
Long and rich experience for China's fresh-water fish-culture, and the Yin Chaoyi before 3,000 years starts, and developed at the large water surface breed fish to Han dynasty, and Ming Dynasty people can block disconnected fish culture in stream with the barricade that has paper tinsel door; Various, the effective barricade of the form of having created in long-term practice, for development China fresh-water fish-culture industry contributes.Blocking in recent years fish technology has had very great development, has not only inherited traditional experience, and has also obtained some achievements in the research of fish new technology is blocked in exploration.This indicates that China develops into and starts trend and take the science that theoretical calculation and test numerical value is foundation and block the fish stage from blocking by rule of thumb fish, for blocking fish technology, obtains advanced level and has beaten basis.The existing traditional bamboo paper tinsel of current barricade, reed matting, paling barricade, have again the chemical fibre net, plastic box, lead wire net, reinforcing bar grid, the electricity that with chemistry and metallurgical industry development, occur to block the barricade of fish machine and reinforced concrete structure.Utilizing in fish habit, what also occurred " swallow nest " by name anti-ly escapes to draw fish device.Because the progress of water conservancy project technology can have been built up the anti-equipment of escaping of elbow-shaped, utilizing electricity also to obtain achievement in blocking the research of top water fish, also occur that fish collection blocks the barricades such as fish slope, barrier dam.Just more as for barricade form, only bamboo paper tinsel just has mouth jail paper tinsel, straight paper tinsel, the paper tinsel of revealing all the details, " V " type spelling pocket case, arc paper tinsel, triangle paper tinsel, the lopsided paper tinsel etc. crossed.The appearance of various barricades, the utilization that has effectively improved Reservoir fishery resources, has greatly promoted the development of large water surface aquaculture.
But, block in the anti-design of escaping facility of fish and use procedure and still have many as follows problems: the navigation function of reservoir makes the design and construction of barricade have many difficulty; The fast breeding of a large amount of epizoites can cause the increases of bearing a heavy burden such as barrier net, causes the tenesmus of netting gear mid portion to occur opening thereby escape fish event; The problem of aging of chemical fibre netting gear; The floating thing gathering in flood season etc. affects the steadiness of barricade and blocks fish effect; Managerial leak and defect etc.These problems become the subject matter of puzzlement barricade.Therefore, building up, run well, make good use of barricade becomes the technical problem underlying of reservoir fishery.
About the research of barricade, the document of publishing is at present also few, is mainly concerned with the condition that barricade will meet, fish effect etc. is used and blocked in the design of different facilities.
About the relevant Chinese invention patent application of barricade is disclosed, have 15, these patent applications are mainly caught up with the principle of blocking fish based on electricity, adopt different facilities and instrument to produce high-voltage pulse electric, set up electric field sealing under water and block fish, prevent fish escape.But because this type of electric barricade needs expensive capital construction, lay electric fish screen, electrode material and wire are had to very strict requirement, in addition, the problem in main frame service life, management maintenance etc. are all the obstacles that this type of facility operation faces.For this reason, need to research and develop new barricade to adapt to the concrete actual requirement of the broad water surface, deep water water body, guarantee that facility does not hinder boat, the ecosystem structure that does not affect water body and function simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, for meeting the requirement of the river-like reservoir optimum development ecological fisheries such as Three Gorges Reservoir, Danjiangkou Reservoir, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing not to be destroyed in unaffected, the ecosystem structure of navigation and function, fully rationally utilize fishery resources, meet the needs of reservoir area people's economic development, biological property based on fish aquaculture, letter Liftable type to be researched and developed blocks the anti-facility of escaping of fish, by the use of this facility, both avoid the fish in gulf, storehouse, ecologic breeding river course to flee from a large scale, guaranteed the realization of fish stock increasing economic goal; Meet again the requirement of reservoir river course navigation, do not change the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of aquatic ecosystem.Therefore the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of be applicable to river-like reservoir block fish anti-escape device and management and maintenance method thereof.
To achieve these goals, the present invention has taked following technical measures:
What be applicable to river-like reservoir blocks fish anti-escape device and a management and maintenance method thereof, comprises that Liftable type blocks fish anti-escape device and management and maintenance method thereof.
Wherein, a kind of be applicable to river-like reservoir block fish anti-escape device, comprise that fixed border, pedestal and elevation (over-and-under) type block the anti-system of escaping of fish;
Described fixed border is two stainless steel channel-section steels, is embedded in respectively storehouse, the both sides bank of reservoir, one, every bank, and two stainless steel channel-section steel fixed borders are positioned on the same cross section of reservoir;
Described fixed border bottom vertical is inserted in riverbed, more than the highest reserve-water-level of aspect ratio reservoir of fixed border exceeds 1.0m;
Described pedestal be four limits all with the rectangle stainless steel mesh of frame, its mesh aperture is 1～2cm, in four limit frames of rectangle stainless steel mesh, lower frame is knife edge type, left and right, upper side frame is the stainless steel channel-section steel of wide 2～3cm;
Described pedestal is inserted into water bottom by the groove of the stainless steel channel-section steel fixed border of storehouse, both sides bank, stands upright on riverbed, and the aspect ratio reservoir of pedestal forever floods the low 1m of water level, and sealing is the fish passage of permanent flooding area under water.
Described elevation (over-and-under) type blocks the anti-system of escaping of fish and comprises that blocking fish prevents escaping net, hawser and apparatus for automatically lifting;
At the groove that is positioned at the both sides fixed border above described pedestal, be provided with slide rail, the top of slide rail lower end and pedestal overlaps, seamless connection;
Described slide rail forms apparatus for automatically lifting together with electro-motor, winch;
In described apparatus for automatically lifting, electro-motor is connected with winch, and electro-motor, winch are all connected on slide rail, and the apparatus for automatically lifting structure of storehouse, both sides bank is identical;
The described anti-net of escaping of fish that blocks is positioned at pedestal top, and Lan Yufangtao Netcom crosses hawser and is connected with the apparatus for automatically lifting on both sides;
Described hawser has two, is stainless steel hawser, respectively with plastic rope with block the anti-upper and lower both sides bondage of escaping net of fish, for traction with open and block that fish is anti-escapes net, guarantee to block that fish is anti-escapes the above water level range of net shutoff pedestal, play anti-escaping and act on;
Further, described two hawsers are connected with the upper and lower end of both sides slide rail by winch respectively, make to block fish and prevent that escaping net moves up and down together under the drive of slide rail;
The described maximum changing stage of aspect ratio reservoir after blocking that fish is anti-and escaping net and open completely exceeds 1m, its mesh aperture 3～4cm, material is chemical fibre or stainless steel, described in block the anti-net of escaping of fish and adopt before use nontoxic antifouling paint to process, for preventing growing nonparasitically upon another plant of the biologies such as algae.
Under normal circumstances, described in block that fish is anti-escapes net in complete open configuration, block that fish is anti-to be escaped net and block the above water level range of pedestal, play anti-escaping and act on;
Described apparatus for automatically lifting employing acoustic control mode, starts automatic lifting after the voice signal of the large decibel of reception, adopts electro-motor to block fish by the telescopic slide type rail system drive of pressure and prevents that escaping net moves up and down along fixed border groove; The voice signal of large decibel has certain scaring effect to fish simultaneously, after fish are driven by sound, block the anti-net of escaping of fish and start letdown procedure, guarantee that boats and ships pass through, while apparatus for automatically lifting blocks the anti-net startup letdown procedure of escaping of fish by SCM program setting and after 15 minutes, restarts reverse climb procedure, after boats and ships are passed through, block anti-the escaping of fish and more than net is climbed to the water surface, realize the effective interception to fish.
Described management and maintenance method, formulates strict management regulation according to the concrete actual conditions of facility, makes regular check on the integrity of facility periodic cleaning and blocks that fish is anti-escapes online epizoite.
Management and maintenance method, is characterized in that: the concrete actual conditions according to facility are formulated strict management regulation, staff on duty, personal management, make regular check on, periodic cleaning.By special messenger, be responsible for blocking fish and prevent escaping guarding of facility, guarantee that facility is not subject to external influence, the actual operating state of observation facility, finds the problem that facility may exist in time.Check the normal of automatic control system and block the anti-integrity of escaping facility of fish, regularly arranging professional to check and confirm that whether automatic control system duty is normal; Use the comprehensive scanning of Underwater Camera to block fish and prevent escaping net and pedestal, obtain netting gear and pedestal image, confirm its integrity.Periodic cleaning is blocked fish and is prevented escaping online epizoite, mainly to adopt machinery or manpower to clean the epizoites such as algae that grow nonparasitically upon another plant on netting gear, guarantee to block that fish is anti-escapes net and be not subject to too much epizoite affect and drop, avoid starting a leak and cannot complete the anti-object of escaping.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is: by select suitable place to build simple pedestal under water level forever flooding in the stenosis of river-like reservoir downstream river course, earthquake water level region builds elevation (over-and-under) type and prevents escaping to block fish system, guaranteeing under the prerequisite of water body navigation, do not change the mobile exchangeability of water body and the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of the ecosystem, and possess the good anti-effect of escaping of fish of blocking.Simplicity of design of the present invention, easily, construction cost is low in construction, build and operation does not all affect material recycle and the energy flow of aquatic ecosystem, and Operation Administration and Maintenance method is simple, possess good application value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation that blocks fish anti-escape device that is applicable to river-like reservoir of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation that blocks the apparatus for automatically lifting 4 on one side in fish anti-escape device that is applicable to river-like reservoir of the present invention, and another side is identical therewith.
Wherein, 1-knife edge type lower frame, 2-pedestal, 3-fixed border, 4-apparatus for automatically lifting, 4a-electro-motor, 4b-winch, 5-blocks the anti-net, 6-hawser escaped of fish.
Embodiment
Applicant is described in further detail device of the present invention and management and maintenance method thereof in connection with drawings and Examples below, to understand the present invention with those skilled in the art know that.Should be understood that the scope that following content should not asked for protection the claims in the present invention book is in any form limited.
Embodiment 1:
See Figure of description Fig. 1, build a kind of be applicable to river-like reservoir block fish anti-escape device, this device comprises that fixed border 3, pedestal 2 and elevation (over-and-under) type block the anti-system of escaping of fish;
Described fixed border 3 is the stainless steel channel-section steel of two wide 4～5cm, is embedded in respectively storehouse, the both sides bank of reservoir, and two stainless steel channel-section steel fixed borders 3 are positioned on the same cross section of reservoir;
Described inlaying is to be fixedly embedded in storehouse, both sides bank with cement casting and by setscrew, and described stainless steel channel-section steel fixed border 3 bottom vertical are inserted in riverbed, more than the highest reserve-water-level of fixed border 3 aspect ratio reservoir exceeds 1.0m;
Described pedestal 2 is that four limits are all with the rectangle stainless steel mesh of frame, its mesh aperture is 1～2cm, in four limit frames of rectangle stainless steel mesh, lower frame is knife edge type, be called knife edge type lower frame 1, left and right, upper side frame is the stainless steel channel-section steel of wide 2～3cm, and described rectangle stainless steel mesh is welded in the groove of stainless steel channel-section steel;
Described pedestal 2 is inserted into water bottom by the groove of the stainless steel channel-section steel fixed border 3 of storehouse, both sides bank, stand upright on riverbed, the aspect ratio reservoir of pedestal forever floods the low 1m of water level, and sealing is the fish passage of permanent flooding area under water, and fixed border 3 fixedly provides impetus for pedestal 2;
The knife edge type lower frame 1 of sharp pedestal 2 is waited when mounted and is adopted weight to impact, and makes pedestal 2 insert water bottom along the fixed border 3 of storehouse, both sides bank, and last, knife edge type lower frame 1 is imbedded in riverbed, and pedestal 2 stands upright on riverbed.After installing, use the installation site of underwater camera machine check knife edge type lower frame 1 whether to put in place.
Described elevation (over-and-under) type blocks the anti-system of escaping of fish and comprises that blocking fish prevents escaping net 5, hawser 6 and apparatus for automatically lifting 4;
At the groove that is positioned at the both sides stainless steel channel-section steel fixed border 3 above described pedestal 2, be provided with slide rail, the top of slide rail lower end and pedestal 2 overlaps, seamless connection;
Further, described slide rail is the spring retractable slide rail under pressure-acting, and upper end is push rod, is spring below;
Described slide rail forms apparatus for automatically lifting 4 together with electro-motor 4a, winch 4b;
In described apparatus for automatically lifting 4, described electro-motor 4a is connected with winch 4b, and electro-motor 4a, winch 4b are all connected on slide rail.
Described winch 4b is gear drive winch.
Describedly block that fish is anti-to be escaped net 5 and be positioned at pedestal 2 tops, block the anti-net 5 of escaping of fish and be connected with the apparatus for automatically lifting 4 on both sides by hawser 6;
Described hawser 6 has two, is stainless steel hawser, respectively with plastic rope with block the anti-upper and lower both sides bondage of escaping net 5 of fish, for traction with open and block that fish is anti-escapes net 5, guarantee to block that fish is anti-escapes the above water level range of net 5 shutoff pedestal 2, play anti-escaping and act on.
Concrete, described two hawsers 6 are connected with the upper and lower end of both sides slide rail by winch 4b respectively, make to block fish and prevent that escaping net 5 moves up and down together under the drive of slide rail.
The described high 1m of the maximum changing stage of aspect ratio reservoir after blocking that fish is anti-and escaping net 5 and open completely.
The described anti-net 5 of escaping of fish that blocks is for stainless steel or chemical fibre material, and mesh aperture is 3-4cm, before use, adopts nontoxic antifouling paint to process, for preventing growing nonparasitically upon another plant of the biologies such as algae to blocking the anti-net 5 of escaping of fish.
In the present invention, apparatus for automatically lifting adopts acoustic control mode, receive from boats and ships be greater than the voice signal of 80 decibels after start automatic lifting, electro-motor 4a is driven and is blocked the anti-net 5 of escaping of fish and move up and down along the groove of both sides fixed border 3 by the telescopic slide rail of pressure; Meanwhile, the sound that is greater than 80 decibels has certain scaring effect to fish, after fish are driven by sound, blocks the anti-net of escaping of fish and starts letdown procedure, guarantees that boats and ships pass through; Apparatus for automatically lifting is arranged after barrier net declines 15 minutes and is started oppositely upper lift operations by SCM program, after boats and ships are passed through, blocks anti-the escaping of fish and more than net is climbed to the water surface, realizes the effective interception to fish.
A kind of fish anti-escape device that blocks that is applicable to river-like reservoir of the present embodiment is applied in the practice of large water surface aquaculture and reservoir fishery:
Concrete management and maintenance method comprises device conscientiously inspecting for acceptance and formulating strict management regulation according to the concrete actual conditions of device after building, and makes regular check on the integrity of device periodic cleaning and blocks that fish is anti-escapes the epizoite on net 5.
Inspecting for acceptance of device adopts the basic condition of Underwater Camera gamut scanning shoot device in water body, and the integrity of testing fixture, confirms that in the situation without any leak, acceptance(check), puts into effect.
Concrete actual conditions according to device are formulated strict control standard, the content of management regulation comprises the setting of management position, the special hilllock of special messenger is conscientiously on duty, and regularly arrange professional to overhaul apparatus for automatically lifting and the integrity of pedestal 2 etc. under water, guarantee the sensitive efficient of apparatus for automatically lifting 4, block that fish is anti-escapes net 5 underwater portions and pedestal 2 does not have leak and breakage.
Periodic cleaning is blocked fish and is prevented escaping the epizoite on net 5, mainly to adopt machinery or manpower to clean to grow nonparasitically upon another plant blocking that fish is anti-escapes the epizoites such as algae on net 5, guarantee to block fish and prevent that escaping net 5 is not subject to too much epizoite affect and drop, causing starting a leak to complete the anti-object of escaping.
Claims (8)
1. what be applicable to river-like reservoir blocks a fish anti-escape device, comprises that fixed border, pedestal and elevation (over-and-under) type block the anti-system of escaping of fish;
Described fixed border is two stainless steel channel-section steels, is embedded in respectively storehouse, the both sides bank of reservoir, and two fixed borders are positioned on the same cross section of reservoir;
Described fixed border bottom vertical is inserted in riverbed, more than the highest reserve-water-level of aspect ratio reservoir of fixed border exceeds 1.0m;
Described pedestal be four limits all with the rectangle stainless steel mesh of frame, in four limit frames of rectangle stainless steel mesh, lower frame is knife edge type, left and right, upper side frame is stainless steel channel-section steel;
Described pedestal is inserted into water bottom by the groove of the fixed border of storehouse, both sides bank, stands upright on riverbed, and the aspect ratio reservoir of pedestal forever floods the low 1m of water level;
Described elevation (over-and-under) type blocks the anti-system of escaping of fish and comprises that blocking fish prevents escaping net, hawser and apparatus for automatically lifting;
At the groove that is positioned at the both sides fixed border above described pedestal, be provided with slide rail, the top of slide rail lower end and pedestal overlaps;
The described anti-net of escaping of fish that blocks is positioned at pedestal top, and Lan Yufangtao Netcom crosses hawser and is connected with the apparatus for automatically lifting on both sides;
The described maximum changing stage of aspect ratio reservoir after blocking that fish is anti-and escaping net and open completely exceeds 1m.
2. the fish anti-escape device that blocks according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described slide rail forms apparatus for automatically lifting together with electro-motor, winch;
In described apparatus for automatically lifting, electro-motor is connected with winch, and electro-motor, winch are all connected on slide rail.
3. the fish anti-escape device that blocks according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described apparatus for automatically lifting adopts acoustic control mode, after receiving the voice signal of large decibel, start automatic letdown procedure, apparatus for automatically lifting blocks the anti-net of escaping of fish by SCM program setting and starts letdown procedure and after a period of time, restart reverse climb procedure simultaneously.
4. the fish anti-escape device that blocks according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described hawser has two, is stainless steel hawser, respectively with plastic rope with block the anti-upper and lower both sides bondage of escaping net of fish, for traction with open and block the anti-net of escaping of fish;
Described two hawsers are connected with the upper and lower end of both sides slide rail by winch respectively, make to block fish and prevent that escaping net moves up and down together under the drive of slide rail.
5. the fish anti-escape device that blocks according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in block fish anti-to escape net material be chemical fibre or stainless steel, adopt before use nontoxic antifouling paint to process.
6. the fish anti-escape device that blocks according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mesh aperture of described rectangle stainless steel mesh is 1～2cm.
7. the fish anti-escape device that blocks according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in block fish anti-to escape net 5 mesh apertures be 3～4cm.
8. an arbitrary described management and maintenance method that blocks fish anti-escape device in claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that: according to actual conditions, formulate strict management regulation, and make regular check on the integrity of device cleaning and block that fish is anti-escapes online epizoite;
Described strict management regulation refers to that full mechanical winch formula apparatus capable of fluctuating, arranges staff on duty, personal management if according to the anti-automaticity of escaping to block fish system of Liftable type; The liftable of automatic sound-control, light-operated automatic control control system control device, regularly arranges professional to overhaul automatic control system if;
The described integrity of making regular check on device refers to that using the comprehensive scanning of Underwater Camera to block fish prevents escaping net and pedestal, obtains image, confirms its integrity;
Described periodic cleaning blocks that fish is anti-escapes online epizoite, is to adopt machinery or manpower to clean the epizoites such as algae that grow nonparasitically upon another plant on the net.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310641843.5A CN103636534B (en) | 2013-12-03 | 2013-12-03 | Fish barriering and escape preventing device suitable for riverway type reservoir and management and maintenance method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310641843.5A CN103636534B (en) | 2013-12-03 | 2013-12-03 | Fish barriering and escape preventing device suitable for riverway type reservoir and management and maintenance method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103636534A true CN103636534A (en) | 2014-03-19 |
| CN103636534B CN103636534B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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| CN108401982A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-08-17 | 湖南文理学院 | A kind of foster frog field frog stable breeding equipment frame in outdoor farmland |
| CN110269027A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-09-24 | 湖州弘鑫生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of fining cultivating system of three-dimensional intelligence |
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