CN103627416A - Continuous external-heating vertical type biomass pyrolysis carbonization apparatus - Google Patents
Continuous external-heating vertical type biomass pyrolysis carbonization apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103627416A CN103627416A CN201310084741.8A CN201310084741A CN103627416A CN 103627416 A CN103627416 A CN 103627416A CN 201310084741 A CN201310084741 A CN 201310084741A CN 103627416 A CN103627416 A CN 103627416A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
A disclosed continuous external-heating vertical type biomass pyrolysis carbonization apparatus comprises a charging system, a pyrolysis carbonization reactor, a biological carbon discharging system, a purification system and the like. By employing a two-grade charging structure and a two-grade discharging structure which are cooperated with raw material self gravity for playing a role, the seal of the apparatus is guaranteed, and the continuity of the pyrolysis carbonization reaction is realized; by employing a speed-adjustable two-grade spiral charging conveyor and a spiral discharging conveyor, the raw material movement speed and the reaction detention time can be accurately controlled, and thus the quality stability and controllability of biological carbon are guaranteed; and the pyrolysis carbonization reactor comprises four temperature zones capable of independently controlling the temperature, the reactor can be set to be heated successively from top to bottom according to different needed temperature at each stage of the pyrolysis reaction, so that the needless high temperature at the initial stage of the pyrolysis reaction is avoided, and energy is effectively saved. The apparatus provided by the invention is simple in integral structure and easy to realize, the main product is biological carbon, the yield is high and the quality is stable.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of continuously outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device, particularly relate to a kind of take obtain charcoal product and realize hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device outside sealing continuous as main purpose and by secondary charging and secondary discharging structure.
Background technology:
Along with the development of rapid growth and the economic technology of whole world population, people sharply increase the demand of the energy, and the impacts such as climate change that the use of fossil oil brings have also caused generally worry.For addressing the above problem, the whole world constantly increases in the interest of renewable energy source domain in recent years.Biomass are considered to supplementary fossil fuel resource main on our times, the renewable and clean energy resource of improving the ecological environment, and are one of important development directions.In the various technology that clean, transform, utilize of biomass resource, biomass pyrolytic technology is a kind of very important renewable energy utilization mode.
Biomass pyrolytic can obtain tar, pyrolysis gas and 3 kinds of products of biomass charcoal.Charcoal, there is complicated pore texture and good surface property, the height of porous makes it to gas and liquid, have powerful physical adsorption ability containing carbon structure, can be converted into the chemical of gac and other high added values, can be widely used in the fields such as gas sweetening, sewage disposal; Can be applied in soil, can increase soil organic matter, build up fertility, also can rely on its degradation resistant character, improve carbon sealing up for safekeeping the time in soil; In addition, charcoal also has certain katalysis, can be as the catalyzer of chemical industry and metallurgy industry.
The biomass pyrolytic technology of practical application at present adopts fast pyrolysis process more, and its primary product is tar and pyrolysis gas.Take charcoal product as the application of main purpose technology, mostly adopt intermittent type pyrolytic process, shortcoming is that charcoal output is lower, and production efficiency and economic benefit are all not high.Adopt the technology of continous way pyrolytic process, often exist apparatus structure complicated, sealing difficulty, the shortcomings such as installation cost height.
Patent 201010212171.2, has proposed the biomass moving bed continuous pyrolysis device of a kind of perpendicular line.It is characterized in that: the mode that adopts high-temperature flue gas to wash away moving bed pyrolysis vertical tube row is strengthened the heat-transfer effect of external heat source to pyrolysis plant; Utilize the heat of the cooling release of coke to realize heating preheating of air; Utilize the adjusting of rotation charging/discharging valve, realize the continous way of pyrolytic process with material self gravitation and produce.Deficiency is that apparatus structure is complicated; High-temperature flue gas is complicated as thermal source transmission, and flue gas institute is unstable through each several part temperature; The speed that material moves should not be controlled, and easily causes charing uneven, and charcoal quality is unstable.
Summary of the invention:
For existing continous way pyrolytic process technology, the apparatus structure existing is complicated, sealing difficulty, installation cost is high, the unsettled deficiency of charcoal quality, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of continuously outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device, with comparatively simple structure, realize continuously feeding and charcoal continuous discharge; Can accurately control raw material translational speed, product with stable quality, primary product is charcoal, can obtain tar and pyrolysis gas simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of continuously outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device, comprise the parts such as feed system, pyrolysis carbonization reactor, charcoal discharge system, purification system, it is characterized in that, feed system comprises one-level spiral feed conveyer, buffering material feeding box, deuterostrophies feed conveyer, this buffering material feeding box upper end connects one-level feed valve, and lower end connects secondary feed valve; Charcoal discharge system comprises discharging cooling tube, spiral discharging handling machinery, one-level storage charcoal case, secondary storage charcoal case, mobile charcoal case, and this secondary storage charcoal case upper end connects one-level bleeder valve, and lower end connects secondary bleeder valve.
Further, the purification system of this continuously outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device comprises cyclonic separator, condenser system, roots blower, dust collecting box, fuel reserve tank.
Further, this one-level feed valve and this secondary feed valve cannot be opened in device operational process simultaneously; This one-level bleeder valve and this secondary bleeder valve cannot be opened in device operational process simultaneously.
Further, the rotating speed of this deuterostrophies feed conveyer and this spiral discharging handling machinery is adjustable; By adjusting the inlet amount of the revolution speed control device of this spiral feed conveyer, by adjusting the load of the revolution speed control device of this spiral discharging handling machinery.
This pyrolysis carbonization reactor is vertical tubulose further, and slenderness ratio, between 10～14, comprises four sections of heating warm areas, and the temperature of every section of warm area can independently regulate and control; The heat-supplying mode of this pyrolysis carbonization reactor can be electrical heating type, can be also automatic gas-producing combustion heat supplying; The bottom of this pyrolysis carbonization reactor sets out gas port, and this air outlet is inclined upwardly, and angle of inclination is 30 °～45 °; The lower end of this pyrolysis carbonization reactor is throat structure.
Further, this buffering material feeding box inside is provided with whipping appts.
Further, this discharging cooling tube and this pyrolysis carbonization reactor, this spiral discharging handling machinery are and removably connect, and the length of this discharging cooling tube can be changed adjustment as required.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. secondary charging and secondary discharging structure have guaranteed the stopping property of device, and reactor is vertical tubulose, and raw material falls by deadweight, has realized the serialization of pyrolysis carburizing reagent.
2. the rotating speed of deuterostrophies feed conveyer and spiral discharging handling machinery is adjustable, with the gravity of raw material self, common guarantee raw material translational speed and the accurate control of reacting the residence time, guarantee the stay in grade of product; And can according to actual needs, the output of charcoal be regulated.
3. the lower end of pyrolysis carbonization reactor is throat structure, has increased the residence time of charcoal, has improved the quality of charcoal.
Pyrolysis carbonization reactor comprise four sections can independent temperature control warm area, according to temperature required difference of per stage of pyrolytic reaction, set reactor and heat up successively from top to bottom, avoid unnecessary high temperature of pyrolytic reaction starting stage, effectively save energy.
5. the air outlet of pyrolysis carbonization reactor obliquely, makes the charcoal storage charcoal case that falls into below how as far as possible, reduces the load of purification system.
6. device one-piece construction is simple, easily realizes, and manufacturing cost is lower.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the continuously outer hot vertical type biomass pyrolysis installation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of tubular reactor heating warm area.
In figure: 1-one-level spiral feed conveyer, 2-one-level feed valve, 3-cushions material feeding box, 4-secondary feed valve, 5-deuterostrophies feed conveyer, 6-pyrolysis carbonization reactor, 7-discharging cooling tube, 8-spiral discharging handling machinery, 9-one-level storage charcoal case, 10-one-level bleeder valve, 11-secondary storage charcoal case, 12-secondary bleeder valve, 13-moves charcoal case, 14-air outlet, 15-cyclonic separator, 16-condenser system, 17-roots blower, 18-dust collecting box, 19-fuel reserve tank, 20-heats warm area.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, the continuously outer hot vertical type biomass pyrolysis installation that the present invention proposes, comprises the parts such as feed system, pyrolysis carbonization reactor 6, charcoal discharge system, purification system.Feed system comprises one-level spiral feed conveyer 1, buffering material feeding box 3, deuterostrophies feed conveyer 5, and buffering material feeding box 3 upper ends connect one-level feed valve 2, and lower end connects secondary feed valve 4; Charcoal discharge system comprises discharging cooling tube 7, spiral discharging handling machinery 8, one-level storage charcoal case 9, secondary storage charcoal case 11, mobile charcoal case 13, and secondary storage charcoal case 11 upper ends connect one-level bleeder valve 10, and lower end connects secondary bleeder valve 12.Purification system comprises cyclonic separator 15, condenser system 16, roots blower 17, dust collecting box 18, fuel reserve tank 19.
One-level feed valve 2 in the present invention cannot be opened in device operational process with secondary feed valve 4 simultaneously, and one-level bleeder valve 10 cannot be opened in device operational process with secondary bleeder valve 12 simultaneously, with the stopping property of assurance device.
Deuterostrophies feed conveyer 5 is adjustable with the rotating speed of spiral discharging handling machinery 8, with the gravity of raw material self, common guarantee raw material translational speed and the accurate control of reacting the residence time, the stay in grade of assurance product.
As shown in Figure 2, the pyrolysis carbonization reactor 6 in the present invention is vertical tubulose, and slenderness ratio is between 10～14, comprise four sections of heating warm areas 20, the temperature of every section of warm area can independently regulate and control, and the temperature that four sections of warm areas are set heats up from top to down successively, effectively save energy.The heat-supplying mode of pyrolysis carbonization reactor 6 can be electrical heating type, can be also automatic gas-producing combustion heat supplying.As shown in Figure 1, the bottom of pyrolysis carbonization reactor 6 sets out gas port 14, and this air outlet 14 is inclined upwardly, and angle of inclination is 30 °～45 °; The lower end of pyrolysis carbonization reactor 6 is throat structure.
Buffering material feeding box 3 inside are provided with whipping appts, in case produce the phenomenon of putting up a bridge in buffering material feeding box.
Discharging cooling tube 7 is and removably connects with pyrolysis carbonization reactor 6, spiral discharging handling machinery 8, and the length of discharging cooling tube can be changed adjustment as required.
As shown in Figure 1, concrete operation step of the present invention is as follows:
Biomass material is sent to buffering material feeding box 3 by one-level spiral feed conveyer 1, now closes secondary feed valve 4, opens one-level feed valve 2.After buffering material feeding box 3 is filled, close one-level feed valve 2, open secondary feed valve 4.Raw material is sent to pyrolysis carbonization reactor 6 through deuterostrophies feed conveyer 5, and now spiral discharging handling machinery 8 does not move.After pyrolysis carbonization reactor 6 is filled substantially, spiral discharging handling machinery 8 brings into operation.The motor speed of adjusting deuterostrophies feed conveyer 5 and spiral discharging handling machinery 8, makes inlet amount substantially conform to load, and meets the reaction residence time of raw material.Now, open one-level bleeder valve 10, close secondary bleeder valve 12, the charcoal product that reaction generates directly falls into secondary storage charcoal case 11 via one-level storage charcoal case 9.When secondary storage charcoal case 11, fill after charcoal, close one-level bleeder valve 10, open secondary bleeder valve 12, mobile charcoal case 13 is removed product char.Afterwards, close secondary bleeder valve 12, open one-level bleeder valve 10.Circulation successively.
When the raw material in buffering material feeding box 3 uses soon, close secondary feed valve 4, open one-level feed valve 2, by one-level spiral feed conveyer 1, fast buffering material feeding box 3 is filled, close afterwards one-level feed valve 2, open secondary feed valve 4, the volume of deuterostrophies feed conveyer 5 will guarantee that surplus stock energy meeting tier 2 feed valve 4 wherein cuts out the reacting weight with open gap simultaneously.Circulation successively.
Reaction generates condensable and not condensable gases from pyrolysis carbonization reactor 6, through air outlet 14, pass through successively cyclonic separator 15, condenser system 16, roots blower 17, regathers.The product liquid that fuel tank 19 generates reaction is collected.
Further, be below application specific embodiments of the invention:
Raw materials used is wheat stalk after pulverizing, and raw material granularity is 5-10mm, and inlet amount is 150kg/h, successive reaction 8h.Adopting the slenderness ratio of pyrolysis carbonization reactor is 12, and the air outlet angle that is inclined upwardly is 30 °.The temperature of setting four sections of warm areas of reactor is 450 ℃, adjusts the rotating speed of deuterostrophies feed conveyer and spiral discharging handling machinery, make to react the residence time be respectively 5,10,20,30min.Measure as calculated knownly, charcoal productive rate shows a rising trend with the rising of residence time, and charcoal productive rate is the highest by approximately 35.2%, and charing is even, has compared with macroporsity and calorific value.The temperature of setting four sections of warm areas of reactor is followed successively by 150 ℃, 250 ℃, 350 ℃, 450 ℃ from top to down, and result shows, energy-output ratio is starkly lower than above-mentioned four sections of warm areas and is the situation of 450 ℃.
Finally it should be noted that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a continuous outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device, comprise the parts such as feed system, pyrolysis carbonization reactor (6), charcoal discharge system, purification system, it is characterized in that, feed system comprises one-level spiral feed conveyer (1), buffering material feeding box (3), deuterostrophies feed conveyer (5), this buffering material feeding box (3) upper end connects one-level feed valve (2), and lower end connects secondary feed valve (4); Charcoal discharge system comprises discharging cooling tube (7), spiral discharging handling machinery (8), one-level storage charcoal case (9), secondary storage charcoal case (11), mobile charcoal case (13), this secondary storage charcoal case (11) upper end connects level bleeder valve (10), and lower end connects secondary bleeder valve (12).
2. continuously outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, purification system comprises cyclonic separator (15), condenser system (16), roots blower (17), dust collecting box (18), fuel reserve tank (19).
3. continuously outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this one-level feed valve (2) cannot be opened in device operational process with this secondary feed valve (4) simultaneously; This one-level bleeder valve (10) cannot be opened in device operational process with this secondary bleeder valve (12) simultaneously.
4. continuously outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this deuterostrophies feed conveyer (5) is adjustable with the rotating speed of this spiral discharging handling machinery (8).
5. continuously outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this pyrolysis carbonization reactor (6) is vertical tubulose, and slenderness ratio is between 10～14, comprise four sections of heating warm areas (20), the temperature of every section of warm area can independently regulate and control.
6. continuous outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that, the heat-supplying mode of this pyrolysis carbonization reactor (6) can be electrical heating type, can be also automatic gas-producing combustion heat supplying.
7. continuous outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that, the bottom of this pyrolysis carbonization reactor (6) sets out gas port (14), and this air outlet (14) are inclined upwardly, and angle of inclination is 30 °～45 °.
8. continuous outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that, the lower end of this pyrolysis carbonization reactor (6) is throat structure.
9. continuously outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this buffering material feeding box (3) inside is provided with whipping appts.
10. continuously outer hot vertical type biomass RESEARCH OF PYROCARBON gasifying device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this discharging cooling tube (7) is and removably connects with this pyrolysis carbonization reactor (6), this spiral discharging handling machinery (8), and the length of this discharging cooling tube (7) can be changed adjustment as required.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104164245A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-11-26 | 江苏鹏飞集团股份有限公司 | Dry distillation system and dry distillation process for solid thermal carriers |
| CN104830356A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-08-12 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Internal-external combined-heating-type biomass pyrolysis carbonization apparatus |
| CN105505417A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-04-20 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Continuous type pyrolysis carbonization full-sealing technological method |
| CN108190852A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-22 | 湖南顶立科技有限公司 | A kind of multistage vertical type continuous carbonization furnace |
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| CN101041780A (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2007-09-26 | 王士元 | Process and device for preparing gas by using carbonization decomposition of biomass |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104164245A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-11-26 | 江苏鹏飞集团股份有限公司 | Dry distillation system and dry distillation process for solid thermal carriers |
| CN104830356A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-08-12 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Internal-external combined-heating-type biomass pyrolysis carbonization apparatus |
| CN105505417A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-04-20 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Continuous type pyrolysis carbonization full-sealing technological method |
| CN108190852A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-22 | 湖南顶立科技有限公司 | A kind of multistage vertical type continuous carbonization furnace |
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