CN101041780A - Process and device for preparing gas by using carbonization decomposition of biomass - Google Patents
Process and device for preparing gas by using carbonization decomposition of biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN101041780A CN101041780A CNA2007100555221A CN200710055522A CN101041780A CN 101041780 A CN101041780 A CN 101041780A CN A2007100555221 A CNA2007100555221 A CN A2007100555221A CN 200710055522 A CN200710055522 A CN 200710055522A CN 101041780 A CN101041780 A CN 101041780A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparing combustion gas with biomass degas splitting and device, which is characterized by the following: including raw material treatment and feeding system, retorting and cracking system, purification of combusting gas and delivering storage system and removing carbon recovery system; pushing material in degas room with bolt; moving evenly; catalyzing the combusting gas with high temperature carbon before condensing; cracking oil tar completely; increasing the output of combusting gas; improving the hot value of gas; making the retorting and cracking system adopt combusting gas and electric to heat. This invention can realize goals of short investment, high efficiency, low cost and clear.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology and device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas, especially being suitable for agricultural crop straw, rice husk and forestry branch the like waste is that the carbonization decomposition of raw material is produced the technology of combustion gas, also comprise simultaneously and finish the applied device of this technology, belong to technical field of new energies.
Background technology
Because oil, coal resources non-renewable, energy scarcity has become a great problem that the mankind must face, thereby, all have the zone of water conservancy wind-power electricity generation condition all by fully development and use, China is large agricultural country, annual a large amount of farm crop such as jowar, corn, soybean, the stalk of cotton, rice husk etc., all directly burnt, not only polluted environment, also wasted green energy resource, for this reason, having with the agricultural crop straw is that the vapourizing furnace of raw material arises at the historic moment, but shortcoming is: they can only select the compact-type biomass to make raw material, undesirable for fluff type biomass material result of use, and poor stability, especially fuel gases calorific value can not get improving, the tar difficult treatment, all can not accomplish serialization production, can't realize industrialization, the system restart power consumption is big, batch production efficient is low, does not reach national regulation manufactured gas, manufactured fuel gas calorific value standard.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above, a kind of technology and device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas is provided, not only raw materials cost is low for this technology, production efficiency is high, and exhaust emission is few, can be used as a kind of green of real meaning, the deficiency that cleaning new energy replenishes the energy.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of technology of utilizing biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of raw material and conveying: used biomass material through being crushed to＜fragment of 30mm, is transported to feed bin with lift with it, after the electric rotating plate valve enters the sealing feed bin in the storehouse again, sends in the spiral dry distiller by helical screw feeder;
(2) destructive distillation of raw material and cracking: through pretreated biomass process retort section and cracking section in spiral carbonization decomposition device, the retort section temperature is 550～650 ℃, residence time of material 30～50 seconds, cracking section temperature is＞950 ℃, 8～12 seconds destructive distillation gas residence time, residence time of material average out to 60 seconds, at this moment, biomass charcoal is as the catalyzer of coke tar cracking, and two sections temperature controlling are regulated automatically by instrument;
(3) purification of combustion gas and conveying: the combustion gas that biomass produced that enters retort section and cracking section, enter collection charcoal case through gravity type boat davit charcoal envelope together in company with biomass charcoal, combustion gas is sent into the gas-purification system by the effuser of collection charcoal upper box part, upcast top spray cycle water, combustion gas tentatively is cooled to 80～90 ℃, and after primary cooler is cooled to 30～40 ℃, primary cooler gas blower that the back connects is sent to gas-holder with purifying gas and is distributed;
(4) carbon removal is reclaimed: the charcoal of biomass through being produced behind the carbonization decomposition is after gravity type boat davit charcoal envelope falls into collection charcoal case, enter the drum-type breeze water cooler of sealing step by step by the electric rotating plate valve of two seals, through the comb water-cooled temperature of biomass charcoal is reduced to below 80 ℃, discharge by carbon outlet port again;
(5) waste heat recovery: in gas-purification and carbon removal removal process, combustion gas and breeze cooling are produced hot water, can be after heat exchange directly as resident's heat source;
A kind of device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas, it comprises that the intact raw material of a whole set of sealing is handled and feed system, biomass destructive distillation cracking system, carbon removal recovery system, gas-purification and carry storage system and residual neat recovering system, and wherein: gas-purification is also carried storage system and residual neat recovering system is a known technology;
The described device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas, wherein feed system adopts three hoppers, sealing electric flap valve and spiral to send the structure of device combination, by material level determinator and electric rotating plate valve interlocking, make three hopper feed synchronous, and be furnished with frequency control motor and control input speed automatically, the sealing feed bin disposes agitator respectively;
The described device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas, wherein the main body of biomass destructive distillation cracking system is by spiral dry distiller and coke tar cracking device, and well heater constitutes, screw rod and sleeve that retort section is made by heat-stable material are formed, sleeve is outside with heating unit, and material is slowly sent into the cracking section through the retort section inlet from top to bottom by the screw rod of rotation, and the combustion gas heating: combustion gas is entered by the inlet of heating jacket bottom, through reverse turning back several times, enter flue by the outlet on top;
The described device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas, adopt the sealing-in of gravity type boat davit charcoal to go into the collection charcoal case of sealing between wherein carbon removal recovery system and the carbonization decomposition section, be provided with the electric rotating plate valve between collection charcoal case and the drum-type cooling device, carbon outlet port is arranged at the water cooler lower position, and the combustion gas effuser is drawn external gas-purification and carried storage system by collection charcoal case;
The described device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas, wherein the well heater of biomass destructive distillation cracking system also can adopt Electric heating: a kind of is traditional heating jacket heating, and another kind is a heating in medium frequency.
The invention has the advantages that: adopt the top feeding, feed bin and collection charcoal case all adopt double-deck flap valve sealing, material promotes at the indoor employing screw rod of destructive distillation, material movement is even, not fluffy material, combustion gas before condensation through pyrocarbon catalysis, make the whole cracking of tar, both solve tar and handled difficult problem, increased combustion gas output again, improved fuel gases calorific value, the cold charcoal machine of drum-type water-cooled, good cooling effect are adopted in carbon removal, the heat recovery rate height, the production process flying dust is little, and destructive distillation and cracking system adopt combustion gas heating and electrically heated, more can suit measures to local conditions, make full use of existing resource, enhance productivity, carbonization decomposition device and outside seal are good, safety, pollution-free, retort section and cracking section adopt the exotic materials insulation, heat radiation is few, and the thermo-efficiency height adopts the intermediate frequency carry out microwave radiation heating, can make heat directly import the inner thermo-efficiency that further improves of material into, all adopt retrieval automatically from the row's of being fed to charcoal operation, microcomputer automatic control, labour intensity is low, embodied modern civilization production, after the normal operation of system, can realize less investment, cost is inefficient high, energy-conserving and environment-protective, it is green to reach development and use, the purpose of cleaning new energy;
Test-results shows:
Combustion gas is formed
| Component | H 2 | CH 4 | CO | C mH n | N 2、O 2、CO 2 |
| Volume % | 23～28 | 30～40 | 8～12 | 4.5～5.5 | 20～25 |
Product yield
| Form | Combustion gas | Wood vinegar night | Charcoal | ||
| Account for raw materials quality % | 50～55 | 10～15 | 30～35 |
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail:
Fig. 1 is the schema of technology of the present invention
Fig. 2 is adopted the synoptic diagram of apparatus structure by the present invention
Among the figure: 1. feed bin, 2. sealing feed bin, 3. sealing feed bin, 4. agitator, 5. agitator, 6. buncher, 7. electric rotating plate valve, 8. electric rotating plate valve, 9. helical screw feeder, 10. buncher, 11. spiral dry distillers, 12. heating units, 13. heating units, 14. coke tar cracking devices, 15. heating units, 16. heating units, 17. combustion gas effusers, 18. gravity type boat davit charcoals envelope, 19. collection charcoal casees, 20. drum-types cooling device, 21. carbon outlet ports, 22. electric rotating plate valves.
Embodiment:
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1,2, it is as follows to implement concrete processing step of the present invention:
(1) preparation of raw material and conveying: with used biomass material through being crushed to＜fragment of 30mm, with lift it is transported to feed bin [1], after electric rotating plate valve [7] [8] enters sealing feed bin [2] [3] in the storehouse again, send in the spiral dry distiller [11] by helical screw feeder [9];
(2) destructive distillation of raw material and cracking: through pretreated biomass process retort section and cracking section in spiral carbonization decomposition device [11], the retort section temperature is 600 ℃, residence time of material 40 seconds, cracking section temperature is 960 ℃, 10 seconds destructive distillation gas residence time, residence time of material average out to 60 seconds, at this moment, biomass charcoal is as the catalyzer of coke tar cracking, and two sections temperature controlling are regulated automatically by instrument;
(3) purification of combustion gas and conveying: the combustion gas that biomass produced that enters retort section and cracking section, enter collection charcoal case [19] through gravity type boat davit charcoal envelope [18] together in company with biomass charcoal, combustion gas is sent into the gas-purification system by the effuser [17] of collection charcoal upper box part, upcast top spray cycle water, combustion gas tentatively is cooled to 80～90 ℃, and after primary cooler is cooled to 30～40 ℃, primary cooler gas blower that the back connects is sent to gas-holder with purifying gas and is distributed;
(4) carbon removal is reclaimed: the charcoal of biomass through being produced behind the carbonization decomposition is after gravity type boat davit charcoal envelope [18] falls into collection charcoal case [19], enter the drum-type cooling device [20] of sealing step by step by the electric rotating plate valve [22] of two seals, through the comb water-cooled temperature of biomass charcoal is reduced to below 80 ℃, discharge by carbon outlet port [21] again;
(5) waste heat recovery: in gas-purification and carbon removal removal process, combustion gas and breeze cooling are produced hot water, can be after heat exchange directly as resident's heat source;
The apparatus structure of finishing technology of the present invention is: it comprises that the intact raw material of a whole set of sealing is handled and feed system, biomass destructive distillation cracking system, carbon removal recovery system, gas-purification and carry storage system and residual neat recovering system, and wherein: gas-purification is also carried storage system and residual neat recovering system is a known technology;
The described device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas, wherein feed system adopts three hoppers [1] [2] [3], sealing electric flap valve [7] [8] and spiral to send the structure of device [9] combination, by material level determinator and electric rotating plate valve interlocking, make three hopper feed synchronous, and is furnished with frequency control motor [6], automatically the control input speed is sealed feed bin [2] [3] and is disposed agitator [4] [5] respectively;
The described device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas, wherein the main body of biomass destructive distillation cracking system is by spiral dry distiller [11] and coke tar cracking device [14], and well heater [12] [13] [15] [16] constitutes, screw rod and sleeve that retort section is made by heat-stable material are formed, sleeve is outside with heating unit, material is slowly sent into the cracking section through the retort section inlet from top to bottom by the screw rod of rotation, the combustion gas heating: combustion gas is entered by the inlet of heating jacket bottom, through reverse turning back several times, enter flue by the outlet on top;
The described device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas, adopt gravity type boat davit charcoal envelope [18] to insert the collection charcoal case [19] of sealing between wherein carbon removal recovery system and the carbonization decomposition section, be provided with flap valve [22] between collection charcoal case and the drum-type cooling device [20], carbon outlet port [21] is arranged at the water cooler lower position, and combustion gas effuser [17] is drawn external gas-purification and carried storage system by collection charcoal case.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of technology of utilizing biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of raw material and conveying: used biomass material through being crushed to＜fragment of 30mm, is transported to feed bin with lift with it, after the electric rotating plate valve enters the sealing feed bin in the storehouse again, sends in the spiral dry distiller by helical screw feeder;
(2) destructive distillation of raw material and cracking: through pretreated biomass process retort section and cracking section in spiral carbonization decomposition device, the retort section temperature is 550～650 ℃, residence time of material 30～50 seconds, cracking section temperature is＞950 ℃, 8～12 seconds destructive distillation gas residence time, residence time of material average out to 60 seconds, at this moment, biomass charcoal is as the catalyzer of coke tar cracking, and two sections temperature controlling are regulated automatically by instrument;
(3) purification of combustion gas and conveying: the combustion gas that biomass produced that enters retort section and cracking section, enter collection charcoal case through gravity type boat davit charcoal envelope together in company with biomass charcoal, combustion gas is sent into the gas-purification system by the effuser of collection charcoal upper box part, upcast top spray cycle water, combustion gas tentatively is cooled to 80～90 ℃, and after primary cooler is cooled to 30～40 ℃, primary cooler gas blower that the back connects is sent to gas-holder with purifying gas and is distributed;
(4) carbon removal is reclaimed: the charcoal of biomass through being produced behind the carbonization decomposition is after gravity type boat davit charcoal envelope falls into collection charcoal case, enter the drum-type breeze water cooler of sealing step by step by the electric rotating plate valve of two seals, through the comb water-cooled temperature of biomass charcoal is reduced to below 80 ℃, discharge by carbon outlet port again;
(5) waste heat recovery: in gas-purification and carbon removal removal process, combustion gas and breeze cooling are produced hot water, can be after heat exchange directly as resident's heat source.
2, a kind of device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas, it is by gas-purification and carry storage system and residual neat recovering system constitutes, and it is characterized in that: it comprises that the intact raw material of a whole set of sealing is handled and feed system, biomass destructive distillation cracking system, carbon removal recovery system, gas-purification and carry storage system and residual neat recovering system.
3, the device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: feed system adopts three hoppers [1] [2] [3], sealing electric flap valve [7] [8] and spiral to send the structure of device [9] combination, by material level determinator and electric rotating plate valve interlocking, make three hopper feed synchronous, and is furnished with frequency control motor [6], automatically the control input speed is sealed feed bin [2] [3] and is disposed agitator [4] [5] respectively.
4, the device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the main body of biomass destructive distillation cracking system is by spiral dry distiller [11] and coke tar cracking device [14], and well heater [12] [13] [15] [16] constitutes, screw rod and sleeve that retort section is made by heat-stable material are formed, sleeve is outside with heating unit, material is slowly sent into the cracking section through the retort section inlet from top to bottom by the screw rod of rotation, the combustion gas heating: combustion gas is entered by the inlet of heating jacket bottom, through reverse turning back several times, enter flue by the outlet on top.
5, the device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: adopt gravity type boat davit charcoal envelope [18] to insert the collection charcoal case [19] of sealing between carbon removal recovery system and the carbonization decomposition section, be provided with flap valve [22] between collection charcoal case and the drum-type cooling device [20], carbon outlet port [21] is arranged at the water cooler lower position, and combustion gas effuser [17] is drawn external gas-purification and carried storage system by collection charcoal case.
6, the device that utilizes biomass destructive distillation cracking to produce combustion gas as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the well heater of biomass destructive distillation cracking system also can adopt Electric heating: a kind of is traditional heating jacket heating, and another kind is a heating in medium frequency.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100555221A CN101041780A (en) | 2007-04-16 | 2007-04-16 | Process and device for preparing gas by using carbonization decomposition of biomass |
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| CNA2007100555221A CN101041780A (en) | 2007-04-16 | 2007-04-16 | Process and device for preparing gas by using carbonization decomposition of biomass |
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| CNA2007100555221A Pending CN101041780A (en) | 2007-04-16 | 2007-04-16 | Process and device for preparing gas by using carbonization decomposition of biomass |
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| CN101955804A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-26 | 合肥天焱绿色能源开发有限公司 | Solid biomass gasification system and process thereof |
| CN102199451A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-09-28 | 北京联合创业环保工程有限公司 | Biomass destructive distillation and cracking integrated equipment and biomass destructive distillation and cracking system |
| CN102533294A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-04 | 王士元 | Air-passage multi-tube spiral device and process for preparing gas through dry distillation and pyrolysis on biomass |
| CN103060011A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 武汉天和技术股份有限公司 | Preparation method and device of thermally cracking biomass into gas in high-temperature and flash mode |
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