CN103616295B - A kind of non-standard rock sample bar mechanics parameter testing device and method of testing - Google Patents
A kind of non-standard rock sample bar mechanics parameter testing device and method of testing Download PDFInfo
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- CN103616295B CN103616295B CN201310667466.2A CN201310667466A CN103616295B CN 103616295 B CN103616295 B CN 103616295B CN 201310667466 A CN201310667466 A CN 201310667466A CN 103616295 B CN103616295 B CN 103616295B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of non-standard rock sample bar mechanics parameter testing device and method of testing, it comprises for the hydraulic pressure testing machine of loading and bores with pressure testing machine matching used specimen holder device and upper and lower loading; Specimen holder apparatus structure is: on the central shaft of the hydraulic jack column cap of hydraulic pressure testing machine, be provided with the pad post that height can be adjusted, and pad post is provided with backing plate; Backing plate two ends are arranged with the left and right longitudinal rod of energy up-down adjustment; Symmetric position on left and right longitudinal rod is respectively equipped with the transverse bar of the horizontal push-and-pull of energy, and the inner termination of two transverse bars is respectively equipped with the resilient clamp pad of arc, requires that the arc of two gripper pads is corresponding.The present invention utilizes pressure testing machine directly can carry out mechanical properties of rock test in indoor to the sample that scene is taked with the clamping device with radial holding function, significantly improve the accuracy of test findings, also can not there is casualty accident, reach the object of safety test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of proving installation and method of testing of rock sample mechanics parameter, the proving installation of especially non-standard rock sample mechanics parameter and method of testing.
Background technology
In the engineering constructions such as geology, mine, water power, building and traffic, often need to sample the rock mass at scene, in laboratory, experimental test is carried out to rock sample, obtain the basic physical and mechanical parameters of rock, thus provide reliable basic data for rock mass engineering project stability analysis and design of its support.
What extensively carry out in indoor at present is the rock sample mechanical test of standard shape, according to the requirement of the People's Republic of China (PRC) " Standard for test methods of engineering rock masses " (GB/T50266-99), standard specimen refers to right cylinder or the rectangular parallelepiped of rule, its diameter or the length of side are 48mm ~ 52mm, are highly 2 times of diameter.In order to meet the face contact conditions of testing machine bearing plate and rock sample, high to two end face requirement on machining accuracy of rock sample, irregularity degree must not be greater than 0.05mm.
In recent years, along with progress that is mechanical and electron trade, rock mechanics experiment equipment performance is more and more excellent, can complete the multiple physical and mechanical property index test of rock, and can reach higher accurate testing degree.But there is many difficulties as the rock standard specimen preparation of subjects always, wherein there is the deficiency of rock sample process equipment and sampling method aspect, but be more that rock itself exists the situation such as joint fissure or rock matter weakness, the rock core that scene is drilled through is shorter, aperture is comparatively thick, cannot meet secondary processing in laboratory and become the size of standard specimen.In addition, as easy-weathering, the mud stone etc. being afraid of disturbance, weak cementing class, carry out in secondary processing preparation process in indoor to rock sample, owing to boring, cutting, the disturbance of the processing link such as mill, unavoidably damage and failure is in various degree caused to test specimen, although the standard specimen of indoor machine-shaping meets requirement on geomery, comparatively large with the native state difference of rock, its test result is difficult to reflect real material properties of rock.
Consider problem prepared by current indoor rock mechanics experiment situation and standard specimen, develop a kind of test unit that the rock of on-site sampling is directly tested and test method, obtain the basic mechanical parameter of rock, to solve short rock core in engineering sampling, major diameter or to be difficult to the experimental test problem of the non-standard rock sample in the situations such as secondary processing.
Summary of the invention
In order to meet the demand at laboratory test rock mechanics parameters, the invention provides a kind of non-standard rock sample bar mechanics parameter testing device of simple to operate, use safety, this proving installation reduces the limited degree to Specimen Shape size, simultaneously by being connected with electronic-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine platform, the Loading Control of non-standard rock sample being carried out to kinds of schemes can be realized, and computing machine can be adopted automatically to record trial curve and data.
The present invention provides the method for testing of this proving installation simultaneously.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of non-standard rock sample bar mechanics parameter testing device, it comprises the hydraulic pressure testing machine for loading, described hydraulic pressure testing machine it be made up of frame main body, hydraulic jack, force-transmitting pole, the pressure transducer be located on force-transmitting pole, servo loading system and computing machine, it is characterized in that, be provided with upper and lower loading cone at the loading surface of hydraulic pressure testing machine, comprise a specimen holder device in addition.
Described specimen holder apparatus structure is: on the central shaft of the hydraulic jack column cap of hydraulic pressure testing machine, be provided with adjustable for height pad post, and pad post is provided with backing plate; Backing plate two ends are arranged with can the left and right longitudinal rod of up-down adjustment; Symmetric position on left and right longitudinal rod is respectively equipped with can the transverse bar of horizontal push-and-pull, and the inner termination of two transverse bars is respectively equipped with the resilient clamp pad that one side is arc-shaped recess, requires that the arc-shaped recess direction of two gripper pads is identical.
Described pad post entirety is made up of multiple cylindricality block, is convenient to the height regulating lower loading to bore by plus-minus cylindricality block, can meets the needs of different size specimen test, use threaded rod to connect between cylindricality block; The whole upper surface of pad post and the center of lower surface are all provided with threaded hole, and the threaded hole of upper surface can use corresponding shaft to be connected with backing plate, the threaded hole of lower surface, threaded rod can be used will to pad post and be connected with oil cylinder column cap;
Described backing plate is for having certain thickness long and narrow steel plate, and backing plate center is provided with a threaded hole, can use threaded rod that backing plate is connected with lower loading cone; There are two symmetrical vertical direction manholes at backing plate two ends, can coordinate insertion and the up-down adjustment of longitudinal rod, require that the spacing of two ends manhole on backing plate is greater than the diameter of pad post, are convenient to the up-down adjustment of longitudinal rod; Respectively there is a horizontal direction threaded hole backing plate two sides, can install horizontal direction hold-down nut, play the effect of fixing longitudinal rod by screwing horizontal direction hold-down nut.
Described left and right longitudinal rod section is cylindrical, and for coordinating in the manhole at insertion backing plate two ends, a horizontal direction rectangular through-hole is arranged at longitudinal rod top, for coordinating insertion and the adjustment of transverse bar; There is vertical direction hold-down nut in longitudinal rod upper surface, fixing transverse bar by regulating vertical direction hold-down nut; Longitudinal rod is marked with scale, regulates during longitudinal rod and is convenient to demarcate test specimen bearing height.
Described cross bar section is rectangular cross section, and one end is fixed and supported gripper pad; The other end inserts in the rectangular through-hole of longitudinal rod upper end, and cross bar can realize horizontal push-and-pull in rectangular through-hole, to reach the object of adjustment two gripper pad spacing; Transverse bar is marked with scale, according to coupon level direction size, can regulate transverse bar, reach testing requirements position, and guarantee the test specimen that is clamped.
Described gripper pad is the block rubber blanket of a curved depression of one side, Main Function is that cooperation grips test specimen, and utilize the elasticity that elastomeric material is good, in test specimen bursts apart process, play the effect of antidetonation erosion control, prevent test specimen fragment from hurting sb.'s feelings or damaging instrument.
Described upper loading cone is arranged on the force-transmitting pole of hydraulic pressure testing machine; Described lower loading cone is located on the backing plate of specimen holder device; And make upper and lower loading cone be positioned at the loading of hydraulic pressure testing machine axially.
The testing procedure of proving installation of the present invention is as follows:
The first step: assembling and testing device
Successively pad post and backing plate are put on the testing table of hydraulic pressure testing machine, pad post are fixed on the center of hydraulic pressure testing machine oil cylinder column cap, and pad post is fixedly connected with backing plate; Be connected on the force-transmitting pole of testing machine by upper loading cone again, lower loading cone is connected on backing plate, guarantees that backing plate is consistent with hydraulic pressure testing machine force-transmitting pole axis with the axis of pad post; The longitudinal rod of clamping device is inserted in the circular port at backing plate two ends; Lateral adjustments bar with resilient clamp pad is inserted in the rectangular through-hole on longitudinal adjuster bar top;
Second step: the clamping of test specimen
Test specimen is put between upper and lower loading cone, primer fluid pressure type pressure testing machine, oil cylinder column cap is moved, make two loading pitch cone radius from the distance of being a bit larger tham between test specimen loading point, regulate longitudinal rod and transverse bar, and cooperation screws horizontal direction hold-down nut and vertical direction hold-down nut, guarantee according to the requirement of Different Loading Method, test specimen to be fixed between two loadings cones.
3rd step; The test of test specimen mechanics parameter
Primer fluid pressure type pressure testing machine makes oil cylinder upward stroke implement pressure to test specimen, by servo loading system controlled loading speed and time, the signal that pressure transducer exports test specimen pressure delivers to computing machine, above-mentioned signal as calculated machine process obtains test specimen destructive process line, the failing load of Point Load Tests can be obtained, through actual strength and the deformation parameter that just can obtain rock sample of converting from curve.
Advantage of the present invention is:
One is: the present invention arranges loading cone respectively on the testing table and force-transmitting pole of pressure testing machine, directly mechanical properties of rock test can be carried out to the sample that scene is taked in indoor, secondary processing need not be carried out to sample, not only simple to operate, and significantly improve the accuracy of test findings.
Two are: owing to adopting the clamping device with radial holding function, during clamping test pieces, test specimen is tightly wrapped in the resilient clamp pad of clamping device, in test process, even if test specimen bursts apart, also casualty accident can not occur, reach the object of safety test.
Three are, the present invention adopts pressure testing machine to carry out loading to event, not only avoids the error that manual operation brings, but also can facilitate controlled loading speed and load time, thus improve the accuracy of test result further.
Four are: the present invention directly can obtain trial curve and data on computers, improve convenience and the intuitive of test, for the further research of test specimen mechanical property provides reliable basis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of proving installation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional schematic diagram of loading cone in proving installation;
Fig. 3 is the sectional schematic diagram of backing plate in proving installation;
Fig. 4 is the sectional schematic diagram padding post in proving installation;
Fig. 5 is clamping device partial component schematic diagram in proving installation.
In figure: 1(a)-upper loading cone, 1(b)-lower loading cone, 2-backing plate, 3-pad post, 4-longitudinal rod, 5-transverse bar, 6-resilient clamp pad, 7(a)-vertical direction hold-down nut, 7(b)-horizontal direction hold-down nut, 8-force-transmitting pole, 9-oil cylinder column cap, 10-hydraulic pressure testing machine, 11-pressure transducer, 12-hydraulic jack, 13-servo loading system, 14-computing machine.
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the non-standard rock sample bar mechanics parameter testing device of the present invention, comprise hydraulic pressure testing machine 10, specimen holder device, the upper loading cone 1(a for loading) and lower loading cone 1(b), described hydraulic pressure testing machine 10 is made up of frame main body, hydraulic jack 12, force-transmitting pole 8, the pressure transducer 11 be located on force-transmitting pole 8, servo loading system 13 and computing machine 14
Described specimen holder apparatus structure is as shown in Figure 5: on the central shaft of pressure testing machine hydraulic jack column cap 9, be provided with adjustable for height pad post 3, and pad post 3 is provided with backing plate 2; Backing plate 2 two ends are arranged with can the left and right longitudinal rod 4 of up-down adjustment; Be respectively equipped with the inner termination of transverse bar 5, two transverse bars 5 of horizontal push-and-pull can be respectively equipped with the resilient clamp pad 6 of arc in the symmetric position on left and right longitudinal rod 4 top, require that the arc of two resilient clamp pads 6 is corresponding.
Described pad post 3(is shown in Fig. 4) overall to be made up of multiple cylindricality block, be convenient to regulate lower loading to bore 1(b by plus-minus cylindricality block) height, the needs of different size specimen test can be met, between cylindricality block, use threaded rod to connect; The whole upper surface of pad post 3 and the center of lower surface are all provided with threaded hole, and the threaded hole of upper surface uses corresponding shaft to be connected with backing plate, and the threaded hole of lower surface uses threaded rod to be connected with oil cylinder column cap 9 by pad post;
Described backing plate 2(is shown in Fig. 3) for having the long and narrow steel plate of thickness, backing plate 2 center is provided with a threaded hole, uses threaded rod backing plate 2 and lower loading cone 1(b) be connected; There are two symmetrical vertical direction manholes at backing plate 2 two ends, for coordinating insertion and the up-down adjustment of longitudinal rod 4, requiring that the spacing of two ends manhole on backing plate 2 is greater than the diameter of pad post 3, being convenient to the up-down adjustment of longitudinal rod 4; Respectively there is a horizontal direction threaded hole backing plate 2 two sides, for installing horizontal direction hold-down nut 7(b), by screwing horizontal direction hold-down nut 7(b) play the effect of fixing longitudinal rod 4.
Described left and right longitudinal rod 4 section is cylindrical, and for coordinating in the manhole at insertion backing plate 2 two ends, a horizontal direction rectangular through-hole is arranged at longitudinal rod 4 top, for coordinating insertion and the adjustment of transverse bar; Vertical direction hold-down nut 7(a is had in longitudinal rod 4 upper surface), by screwing vertical direction hold-down nut 7(a) fix transverse bar; Longitudinal rod 4 is marked with scale, is convenient to demarcate test specimen bearing height for regulating during longitudinal rod 4.
Described transverse bar 5 section is rectangular cross section, and transverse bar 5 one end is fixed and supported gripper pad 6; Cross bar 5 other end inserts in the rectangular through-hole on longitudinal rod 4, and transverse bar 5 realizes horizontal push-and-pull in rectangular through-hole, to reach the object of adjustment two gripper pad 6 spacing; Transverse bar 5 is marked with scale, according to coupon level direction size, regulates transverse bar 5, reaches testing requirements position, and guarantee the test specimen that is clamped.
Described gripper pad 6 is the block rubber blanket of a curved depression of one side, Main Function is that cooperation grips test specimen, and utilize the elasticity that elastomeric material is good, in test specimen bursts apart process, play the effect of antidetonation erosion control, prevent test specimen fragment from hurting sb.'s feelings or damaging instrument.
Described upper loading cone 1(a) (see figure 2) is arranged on the force-transmitting pole 8 of testing machine; Described lower loading cone 1(b) be located on the backing plate 2 of specimen holder device; And make upper and lower loading cone be positioned at testing machine loading axially.
The testing procedure of proving installation of the present invention is as follows:
The first step: assembling and testing device
Successively pad post 3 and backing plate 2 are put on the experiment table of hydraulic pressure testing machine 10, pad post 3 are fixed on the center of hydraulic pressure testing machine oil cylinder column cap 9, and pad post 3 is fixedly connected with backing plate 2; Again by upper loading cone 1(a) be connected to the force-transmitting pole upper and lower loading cone 1(b of testing machine) be connected on backing plate 2, guarantee backing plate 2 and pad the axis of post 3 consistent with testing machine force-transmitting pole 8 axis; The left and right longitudinal rod 4 of clamping device is inserted in the circular port at backing plate 2 two ends respectively; Lateral adjustments bar 5 with resilient clamp pad 6 is inserted in the rectangular through-hole on longitudinal adjuster bar 4 top;
Second step: the clamping of test specimen
Test specimen is put into upper loading cone 1(a) and lower loading cone 1(b) between, primer fluid pressure type pressure testing machine 10, oil cylinder column cap 9 is moved, make two loading pitch cone radius from the distance of being a bit larger tham between test specimen loading point, regulate longitudinal rod 4 and transverse bar 5, and cooperation screws horizontal direction hold-down nut 7(b) and vertical direction hold-down nut 7(a), guarantee according to the requirement of Different Loading Method, test specimen to be fixed between two loadings cones;
3rd step; The test of test specimen mechanics parameter
Primer fluid pressure type pressure testing machine 10, oil cylinder upward stroke is made to implement pressure to test specimen, by servo loading system 13 controlled loading speed and time, the signal that pressure transducer 11 exports test specimen pressure send computing machine, above-mentioned signal as calculated machine 14 process obtains test specimen destructive process line, the failing load of Point Load Tests can be obtained, through actual strength and the deformation parameter that just can obtain rock sample of converting from curve.
Claims (2)
1. a non-standard rock sample bar mechanics parameter testing device, it comprises the hydraulic pressure testing machine for loading, described hydraulic pressure testing machine is made up of frame main body, hydraulic jack, force-transmitting pole, the pressure transducer be located on force-transmitting pole, servo loading system and computing machine, it is characterized in that, be provided with upper and lower loading cone at the loading surface of hydraulic pressure testing machine, comprise a specimen holder device in addition;
Described specimen holder apparatus structure is: on the central shaft of the hydraulic jack column cap of hydraulic pressure testing machine, be provided with the pad post that height can be adjusted, and pad post is provided with backing plate; Backing plate two ends are arranged with the left and right longitudinal rod of energy up-down adjustment; Symmetric position on left and right longitudinal rod is respectively equipped with the transverse bar of the horizontal push-and-pull of energy, and the inner termination of two transverse bars is respectively equipped with the resilient clamp pad of the curved depression of one side, requires that the arc-shaped recess direction of two gripper pads is corresponding; Wherein:
Described pad post entirety is made up of multiple cylindricality block, is convenient to the height regulating lower loading to bore by plus-minus cylindricality block, can meets the needs of different size specimen test, use threaded rod to connect between cylindricality block; The whole upper surface of pad post and the center of lower surface are all provided with threaded hole, and the threaded hole of upper surface uses corresponding shaft to be connected with backing plate, the threaded hole of lower surface, use threaded rod will pad post and are connected with oil cylinder column cap;
Described backing plate is for having certain thickness long and narrow steel plate, and backing plate center is provided with a threaded hole, uses threaded rod that backing plate is connected with lower loading cone; There are two symmetrical vertical direction manholes at backing plate two ends, for coordinating insertion and the up-down adjustment of longitudinal rod, requiring that the spacing of two ends manhole on backing plate is greater than the diameter of pad post, being convenient to the up-down adjustment of longitudinal rod; Respectively there is a horizontal direction threaded hole backing plate two sides, for installing horizontal direction hold-down nut, play the effect of fixing longitudinal rod by screwing horizontal direction hold-down nut;
Described left and right longitudinal rod section is cylindrical, and for coordinating in the manhole at insertion backing plate two ends, a horizontal direction rectangular through-hole is arranged at longitudinal rod top, for coordinating insertion and the adjustment of transverse bar; There is vertical direction hold-down nut in longitudinal rod upper surface, fixing transverse bar by regulating vertical direction hold-down nut; Longitudinal rod is marked with scale, regulates during longitudinal rod and is convenient to demarcate test specimen bearing height;
Described transverse bar section is rectangular cross section, and one end is fixed and supported gripper pad; The other end inserts in the rectangular through-hole of longitudinal rod upper end, and transverse bar realizes horizontal push-and-pull in rectangular through-hole, to reach the object of adjustment two gripper pad spacing; Transverse bar is marked with scale, according to coupon level direction size, by regulating transverse bar, reaching testing requirements position, and guaranteeing the test specimen that is clamped;
Described gripper pad is the block rubber blanket of a curved depression of one side;
Described upper loading cone is arranged on the force-transmitting pole of hydraulic pressure testing machine; Described lower loading cone is located on the backing plate of specimen holder device; And make upper and lower loading cone be positioned at the loading of hydraulic pressure testing machine axially.
2. utilize the method that the proving installation described in claim 1 is tested non-standard rock sample mechanics parameter, it is characterized in that, step is as follows:
The first step: assembling and testing device
Successively pad post and backing plate are put on the testing table of hydraulic pressure testing machine, pad post are fixed on the center of hydraulic pressure testing machine oil cylinder column cap, and pad post is fixedly connected with backing plate; Be connected on the force-transmitting pole of testing machine by upper loading cone again, lower loading cone is connected on backing plate, guarantees that backing plate is consistent with hydraulic pressure testing machine force-transmitting pole axis with the axis of pad post; The longitudinal rod of clamping device is inserted in the circular port at backing plate two ends; Lateral adjustments bar with resilient clamp pad is inserted in the rectangular through-hole on longitudinal adjuster bar top;
Second step: the clamping of test specimen
Test specimen is put between upper and lower loading cone, primer fluid pressure type pressure testing machine, oil cylinder column cap is moved, make two loading pitch cone radius from the distance of being a bit larger tham between test specimen loading point, regulate longitudinal rod and transverse bar, and cooperation screws horizontal direction hold-down nut and vertical direction hold-down nut, guarantee according to the requirement of Different Loading Method, test specimen to be fixed between two loadings cones;
3rd step; The test of test specimen mechanics parameter
Primer fluid pressure type pressure testing machine makes oil cylinder upwards travel and implements pressure to test specimen, by servo loading system controlled loading speed and time, the signal that pressure transducer exports test specimen pressure delivers to computing machine, above-mentioned signal as calculated machine process obtains test specimen destructive process line, the failing load of Point Load Tests is obtained, through the actual strength and the deformation parameter that obtain rock sample of converting from curve.
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