CN103615717A - Novel oxygen enrichment tiny-oil ignition and ultralow load stable-combustion combustor - Google Patents
Novel oxygen enrichment tiny-oil ignition and ultralow load stable-combustion combustor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103615717A CN103615717A CN201310506650.9A CN201310506650A CN103615717A CN 103615717 A CN103615717 A CN 103615717A CN 201310506650 A CN201310506650 A CN 201310506650A CN 103615717 A CN103615717 A CN 103615717A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel oxygen enrichment tiny-oil ignition and ultralow load stable-combustion combustor. The novel oxygen enrichment tiny-oil ignition and ultralow load stable-combustion combustor comprises an oxygen enrichment guide pipe, a primary air pipe, a cylindrical oil-coal mixed combustion chamber, a secondary air pipe, a secondary air box and a pre-combustion chamber, wherein the central axes of the primary air pipe, the cylindrical oil-coal mixed combustion chamber, the secondary air pipe, the secondary air box and the pre-combustion chamber coincide. A secondary air inlet inclining in the circumferential direction is formed in the pipe wall of the secondary air box; the primary air pipe penetrates through the secondary air box in the axial direction, the oil-coal mixed combustion chamber is coaxially arranged in the primary air pipe, and a high-energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun and the oxygen enrichment guide pipe are arranged in the oil-coal mixed combustion chamber; the secondary air pipe with a rotational flow impeller is coaxially arranged outside the primary air pipe in a sleeved mode and an outlet end is provided with a bluff body; the pre-combustion chamber is arranged in the secondary air box, the inlet end of the pre-combustion chamber is provided with a graded air duct, and a plurality of disturbance air nozzles are installed in an outlet of the combustor. The ignition fuel saving ratio reaches over 90% and the novel oxygen enrichment tiny-oil ignition and ultralow load stable-combustion combustor has the function of low load stable combustion and the function of ultralow load stable combustion; the technologies of oxygen enrichment, coal dust concentration, graded air feeding and the like are adopted, so that the novel oxygen enrichment tiny-oil ignition and ultralow load stable-combustion combustor has the advantages of being high in coal dust burn-off rate, low in NOx discharge and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of burner, relate in particular to a kind of novel oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition and steady burning burner in ultra low load.
Background technology
2012 approximately 2.85 hundred million tons of Nian， China imported crude oils, have reached 58.7% to the interdependency of imported crude oil.General current viewpoint thinks that ，Yi state petroleum import interdependency surpasses 50%, just illustrates that this state has entered the energy early warning phase.Visible oil has now become the strategic materials that are related to China's economic security.
Large-sized station boiler igniting and low-load combustion-stabilizing are huge by oil mass, the less important consumption 50-70 ton oil of 200MW boiler black furnace kindling one, and a 300MW boiler approximately consumes 80-100 ton oil, and a 600MW boiler approximately consumes 200-250 ton oil.Have relevant statistics to show, the annual boiler kindling igniting of China approximately consumes ten thousand tons of fuel oils of 150-180, amounts to RMB 45-54 hundred million yuan.At underload, help aspect fuel oil, along with net capacity strengthens, the aggravation of electrical network peak-valley difference, low power consumption period at night, many units, after burner reconstruction, can not thrown the steady combustion of oil when 50-60% loads, but when ultra-low load (30-50%) moves, must come into operation and help fuel oil, combustion-supporting huge by oil mass.Based on Ci， National Development and Reform Committee, encourage exploitation and promote non-oil ignition technology and tiny-oil ignition technology.
The domestic plasma non-oil ignition technology of successfully having developed, this technology is widely applied on large-sized station boiler.This technology can realize non-oil ignition, but also has system complex, high in cost of production problem.
Tiny-oil ignition technology refers to the less oil gun of exerting oneself is arranged in a wind snout, the dense primary wind and powder air-flow of part with a small amount of oil drop combustion after deep or light separation, and the method that conventionally adopts the big fire of little fire point to amplify gradually, finally lights whole general mood stream.But existing tiny-oil ignition technology, in the place that coal powder density is high, often oxygen concentration is lower, and coal powder ignition and burning need enough oxygen to supply with, so coal dust causes incomplete combustion owing to can not get sufficient oxygen, and the burn-off rate of burner outlet coal dust is reduced; In addition, most of tiny-oil ignition technology does not have the high problem of fine solution nitrogen oxide emission.
Summary of the invention
For the problem of above existence, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition and steady burning burner in ultra low load.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition of the present invention and steady burning burner in ultra low load comprise oxygen enrichment conduit, airduct, cylindrical shape oil coal hybrid combustor, secondary air channel, secondary air box and a precombustion chamber, the central axes of a described airduct, cylindrical shape oil coal hybrid combustor, secondary air channel, secondary air box and precombustion chamber, wherein, described secondary air box is provided with the secondary air inlet towards peripheral, oblique on tube wall; The port of export of an airduct stretches in secondary air box, oil coal hybrid combustor is placed in an airduct, the oblique high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun that is provided with of front end at oily coal hybrid combustor, it is indoor that the port of export of high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun is placed in oily coal mixed combustion, and the entrance point of high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun is placed in outside an airduct; It is indoor that oxygen enrichment conduit stretches into oily coal mixed combustion through the tube wall of airduct and oily coal hybrid combustor, and the central axes of the central axis of the port of export of oxygen enrichment conduit and oily coal hybrid combustor; The port of export overcoat of a described airduct has described secondary air channel, and secondary air channel is placed in secondary air box, between the outer wall of the port of export of the inwall of secondary air channel and an airduct, swirl vane is installed; In described secondary air box, be provided with the described precombustion chamber of open at both ends and the conically shaped being extended to form by secondary air channel reamer, the large end of conically shaped stretches into the entrance point of precombustion chamber, and between conically shaped and precombustion chamber, forms annular classification air channel; The exit that forms ，Gai circular passage, circular passage between the outer wall of described precombustion chamber and the inwall of secondary air box is provided with annular end face, is provided with equably perforate on annular end face, at described tapping, is installed with disturbance wind snout.
Further, in the entrance point of an airduct of the present invention, be provided with pulverized coal concentrator.
Further, the port of export of an airduct of the present invention is enlarging shape, and this enlarging shape port of export extend in described conically shaped, in this enlarging shape port of export, is provided with conical bluff body.
Further, the axial angle of disturbance wind snout of the present invention and precombustion chamber is 10 °～20 °, tangentially angle is 30～45 °.
Further, the axial angle of the central axis of high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun of the present invention and the central axis of oily coal hybrid combustor is 30 °～45 °.
Further, on the wall of the port of export of oxygen enrichment conduit of the present invention, have the aperture being evenly arranged.
Further, the number of aperture of the present invention is 20-30.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
(1) high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun of the present invention carries out mechanical atomization by liquid-fuel oil, becoming ultra-fine oil droplet burns, the torch that produces thus temperature very high (1500-2000 ℃) is lighted through concentrated high concentration pulverized coal, thereby reaches the object of firing a large amount of coal dusts with micro-oil drop.Igniting rate of economizing gasoline can reach more than 90%, and has low-load combustion-stabilizing function.
(2) the present invention has passed into oxygen enrichment in the Ignition of coal dust, provides in time coal dust firing required oxygen, has improved the burn-off rate of burner outlet coal dust.
(3) the present invention arranges swirl vane in secondary air channel, makes to produce rotation through the air-flow of swirl vane, and at an airduct nozzle, bluff body is set, thereby be formed with, is beneficial to the recirculating zone catching fire, and coal dust is more easily lighted.
(4) the present invention has adopted precombustion chamber design, utilizes the radiation of precombustion chamber high temperature barrel and the convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection of reverse reflux high-temperature flue gas, makes the rapid ignition of breeze airflow; On the other hand, the entrance point of precombustion chamber is provided with high speed classification wind, has the ash effect of blowing, and makes in precombustion chamber not dust stratification, and can effectively prevent slagging scorification.
(5) the present invention has sprayed into the disturbance wind with certain tangential angle in the exit of burner, has strengthened the level of disruption of air-flow, thereby has promoted the burning of coal dust, has improved the burn-off rate of coal dust.
(6) the present invention adopts three level air-distribution modes of Secondary Air, classification wind and disturbance wind, has effectively reduced the discharge of nitrogen oxide.
(7) the present invention is simple in structure, and cost of investment is low, has certain market competitiveness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to view;
Fig. 3 is disturbance wind snout distribution schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the flow field schematic diagram of burner;
In figure: 1 a, airduct, 2, secondary air channel, 3, classification air channel, 4, disturbance wind snout, 5, swirl vane, 6, bluff body, 7, pulverized coal concentrator, 8, oily coal hybrid combustor, 9, oxygen enrichment conduit, 10, secondary air inlet, 11, secondary air box, 12, precombustion chamber, 13, annular end face, 14, circular passage, 15, high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes the central axes of airduct 1, oily coal hybrid combustor 8, oxygen enrichment conduit 9, secondary air channel 2, secondary air box 11 and 12, airducts 1 of precombustion chamber, cylindrical shape oil coal hybrid combustor 8, secondary air channel 2, secondary air box 11 and a precombustion chamber 12.
From Fig. 1, it can also be seen that, the outer coaxial sleeve of the port of export of an airduct 1 is provided with secondary air channel 2, and secondary air channel 2 is placed in secondary air box 11, between the inwall of secondary air channel 2 and the outer wall of the port of export of an airduct 1, swirl vane 5 is installed.Secondary air channel 2 reamers extend to form conically shaped, and conically shaped is positioned at secondary air box 11.As shown in Figure 1, the port of export of an airduct 1 is enlarging shape, and this enlarging shape port of export extend in described conically shaped, in this enlarging shape port of export, is provided with conical bluff body 6.Under swirl vane 5 in secondary air channel 2 and the acting in conjunction of bluff body 6, the air-flow in secondary air channel 2 flows out secondary air channel 2 Hou centers (being the afterbody of bluff body 6) and has formed the high temperature recirculation zone that is conducive to the steady combustion of coal powder ignition, as shown in Figure 3.In addition, the present invention has also adopted the structure of precombustion chamber 12, and the inwall of precombustion chamber 12 is that heat-insulation material is made, so the wall temperature of precombustion chamber 12 can raise and remain on a higher temperature very soon.The large end of the conically shaped that secondary air channel 2 reamers extend to form stretches into the entrance point of precombustion chamber 12, and forms annular classification air channel 3 between the outer wall of conically shaped and the inwall of precombustion chamber 12; The exit that forms 14，Gai circular passage, circular passage 14 between the inwall of the outer wall of precombustion chamber 12 and secondary air box 11 is provided with annular end face 13, is provided with equably perforate on annular end face 13, at described tapping, is installed with disturbance wind snout 4.Breeze airflow under the radiation of high temperature barrel and the convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection acting in conjunction of reverse reflux high-temperature flue gas, rapid ignition.The root of precombustion chamber 12 (being entrance point) is owing to being provided with classification air channel 3; the wall that classification wind can be close to precombustion chamber 12 by classification air channel 3 sprays into; not only can effectively prevent the slagging scorification of precombustion chamber 12, also can play a very good protection to burner outlet of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the present invention is provided with some disturbance wind snouts 4 in burner outlet surrounding, this disturbance wind snout is along the axial of precombustion chamber 12 and tangentially all swing certain angle, wherein, axial preferably 10 °≤α≤20 of angle α ° (referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4), tangential preferably 30 °≤γ≤45 of angle γ ° (referring to Fig. 3).Axially angle α refers to the angle of the central axis of disturbance wind snout 4 and the central axis of precombustion chamber 12, and tangential angle γ refers to the angle of the central axis of disturbance wind snout 4 and the tangent to periphery of precombustion chamber 12.
The present invention is divided into three parts by the required air of coal dust after burning and sends into, by secondary air channel 2, classification air channel 3, disturbance wind snout 4, send into the conically shaped of burner, entrance point and the port of export of precombustion chamber 12 respectively, make fuel in the oily coal hybrid combustor 8 of burner and precombustion chamber 12 all in anoxycausis state, thereby reduced significantly the generation of nitrogen oxide.
Referring to Fig. 4, the course of work of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is when starting ignition, first light small-power high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun 15, produce thus the torch that temperature is very high and enter oily coal hybrid combustor 8, thereby the thick coal culm air-flow at some fuel oil coal hybrid combustor 8 centers reaches the object that micro oil is lighted a large amount of coal dusts.Open secondary air inlet 10 simultaneously, now Secondary Air, classification wind, disturbance wind enter respectively conically shaped, the entrance point of precombustion chamber 12 and the outlet of burner of burner by secondary air channel 2, classification air channel 3, disturbance wind snout 4, realize the classification of air and supply with, can effectively reduce NO
xdischarge.Wherein, the air-flow of secondary air channel 2, by after swirl vane 5, produces rotation, and at the center of conically shaped (at bluff body 6 afterbodys), forms recirculating zone after the spout (being the outlet of secondary air channel) that flows out secondary air channel 2, entrainment the high-temperature flue gas in boiler furnace, heating firing coal-dust.The flow rotation of disturbance wind snout 4 washes away breeze airflow, produces good disturbance effect, thereby promotes the burning of coal dust, improves the burn-off rate of coal dust.
Claims (7)
1. an oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition and steady burning burner in ultra low load, comprise oxygen enrichment conduit (9), an airduct (1), cylindrical shape oil coal hybrid combustor (8), secondary air channel (2), secondary air box (11) and precombustion chamber (12), the central axes of a described airduct (1), cylindrical shape oil coal hybrid combustor (8), secondary air channel (2), secondary air box (11) and precombustion chamber (12), is characterized in that: described secondary air box (11) is provided with the secondary air inlet (10) towards peripheral, oblique on tube wall; The port of export of an airduct (1) stretches in secondary air box (11), oil coal hybrid combustor (8) is placed in an airduct (1), the oblique high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun (15) that is provided with of front end at oily coal hybrid combustor (8), the port of export of high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun (15) is placed in oily coal hybrid combustor (8), and the entrance point of high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun (15) is placed in outside an airduct (1); Oxygen enrichment conduit (9) stretches in oily coal hybrid combustor (8) through the tube wall of an airduct (1) and oily coal hybrid combustor (8), and the central axes of the central axis of the port of export of oxygen enrichment conduit (9) and oily coal hybrid combustor (8); The port of export overcoat of a described airduct (1) has described secondary air channel (2), and secondary air channel (2) is placed in secondary air box (11), between the outer wall of the port of export of the inwall of secondary air channel (2) and an airduct (1), swirl vane (5) is installed; In described secondary air box (11), be provided with the described precombustion chamber (12) of open at both ends and the conically shaped being extended to form by secondary air channel (2) reamer, the large end of conically shaped stretches into the entrance point of precombustion chamber (12), and forms annular classification air channel (3) between conically shaped and precombustion chamber (12); Between the outer wall of described precombustion chamber (12) and the inwall of secondary air box (11), form circular passage (14), the exit of this circular passage (14) is provided with annular end face (13), annular end face is provided with perforate on (13) equably, at described tapping, is installed with disturbance wind snout (4).
2. a kind of oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition according to claim 1 and steady burning burner in ultra low load, is characterized in that: in the entrance point of a described airduct (1), be provided with pulverized coal concentrator (7).
3. a kind of oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition according to claim 1 and steady burning burner in ultra low load, it is characterized in that: the port of export of a described airduct (1) is enlarging shape, this enlarging shape port of export extend in described conically shaped, in this enlarging shape port of export, is provided with conical bluff body (6).
4. a kind of oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition according to claim 1 and steady burning burner in ultra low load, is characterized in that: described disturbance wind snout (4) is 10 °～20 ° with the axial angle of precombustion chamber (12), tangentially angle is 30～45 °.
5. a kind of oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition according to claim 1 and steady burning burner in ultra low load, is characterized in that: the axial angle of the central axis of the central axis of described high energy tiny-oil ignition oil gun (15) and oily coal hybrid combustor (8) is 30 °～45 °.
6. a kind of oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition according to claim 1 and steady burning burner in ultra low load, is characterized in that: on the wall of the port of export of described oxygen enrichment conduit (9), have the aperture being evenly arranged.
7. a kind of oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition according to claim 6 and steady burning burner in ultra low load, is characterized in that: the number of described aperture is 20-30.
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| CN201310506650.9A CN103615717B (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2013-10-24 | A kind of novel oxygen-enriched tiny-oil ignition and steady burning burner in ultra low load |
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| CN105135430A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-12-09 | 广东丰乐能源科技有限公司 | Steady-flame and low-nitrogen oxygen enrichment burner for solid fuel |
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