CN103597998B - Cultivation method of cotton by drip irrigation under plastic film - Google Patents
Cultivation method of cotton by drip irrigation under plastic film Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of cotton by drip irrigation under a plastic film. The method includes yield composition, variety selection, cotton plant growth and development progress, quality indicators, pre-seeding land preparation, seed treatment, seeder preparation, seeding method selection and field management. Compared with a conventional basin irrigation technique, the cultivation method of cotton by drip irrigation under the plastic film has the advantages that water is saved by 3-5% per mu, and seed cotton yield per unit is increased by 30-50kg/mu; meanwhile, cotton quality is improved, planting varieties suitable for being harvested by a cotton picker are selected, and cotton picking cost is lowered through machine picking and is reduced by 400-450RMB per mu; by the application of the method, income of cotton growers is greatly increased by 3-5%, and quality of processed cotton can be further improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation method of mulched-cotton by drip irrigation.
Background technology
Traditional basins irrigation cotton culture technology, bring a lot of inconveniences in Production of Large Fields cotton planting family, especially irrigation method is not only wasted water and is also taken a lot of work very much, effectively can not improve land utilization rate, the per unit area yield of cotton and quality are all had a certain impact, causes the income at cotton planting family to be affected.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly for above-mentioned defect of the prior art, provides a kind of per unit area yield that can improve cotton, changes cotton quality, and can increase the cultivation method of the mulched-cotton by drip irrigation of the income at cotton planting family.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme provided by the invention is: a kind of cultivation method of mulched-cotton by drip irrigation, comprises the following steps:
1) Fruit variety: main breed is early 48, No. 42 and early No. 51, new land, new land;
2) structure of output: mu results strain number 1.5-1.7 ten thousand strain, individual plant fruit branch number 7-8 platform, single basal munure 5-5.5, Single boll weight 5-5.5 gram, seed cotton yield 400-450 kg/acre, ginning outturn is 38-40%, and lint yield is 150 kgs/acre;
3) cotton plant growing process: early April is sowed, and late April emerges, and late May buddings, and late June blooms, blow-of-cottons at the beginning of late August or 9 months;
4) index of quality: flower 90-95% before frost, I and II unginned cotton reaches more than 85%, cotton fiber length 29-30 millimeter, and than strong 28.0 tex/cn, mic value is 3.9-4.2, and yellowing is 7.5;
5) broadcast front soil to prepare: the selection content of organic matter is high, available nutrient enriches, saline and alkaline light, land readjustment, soil property is that loam or light clay are as cotton field, cotton field palpus 100% holostrome deep fertilizer spraying, before stubble is filled with, organic fertilizer is combined with chemical fertilizer, by the phosphorus of the nitrogen of 20-30% in the time of infertility, 60-80%, the potassium of 50% subsoil-application before the autumn turns over, to improve utilization rate of fertilizer; Stubble fills with irrigation quantity 40-50 side/mu, barren land is filled with and must be completed before freeze-up, barren land irrigation quantity is about 120 sides/mu, autumn and winter to turn over the winter front level land ploughing depth more than 28 centimetres, the operation of whole employing hydraulic reversing plough, require that the ridge is dark unanimously, turn over upturned soil and evenly, not leak plough, accomplish to survive the winter in level land, reach state to be broadcast; Seedbed preparation: suitable moisture in the soil wholely, grasped and should be ploughed the phase, sprays trefanocide 100-120 gram/acre on whole the ground before, adopts combined soil preparing machine and the operation of band bundle film roller, reaches broken, flat, clean, neat, loose, moisture in the soil and defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower quality standard, depth of soil preparation 4-5 centimetre;
6) seed treatment: utilize the time in winter slack to carry out artificial grain-by-grain seed selection to cotton seed, makes cotton seed cleanliness reach more than 98%, purity more than 95%, germination rate more than 95%, basks seeds more than 3 days before broadcasting, and 100% to sieve, dressing and electric field treatment after basking seeds, sowing in time after electric field treatment;
7) seeding machinery prepares: seeding machinery will put in place by seeding quality requirement debugging;
8) type of seeding and seeding quantity: in beginning of spring caudacoria, 5 centimetres of ground temperature are stabilized in 12 DEG C for three days on end and start broadcasting, and date of seeding is 10-18 day in April; Adopt film spot on air-aspiration type precision film to broadcast technology, i.e. 125 centimetres of wide films, 3 film 12 row or 205 centimetres of wide films, 2 film 12 row 16 caves, line-spacing preparation is taked as 70+20 centimetre, the banded or imitative band seeding mode such as 66+10 centimetre, 74+4 centimetre; Seed level is 2.5-3 centimetre, earthing 1-1.5 centimetre, broadcasts rear timely installation water-saving device;
9) field management: broadcast rear management, broadcast in latter 3 days and drip, work of dripping was terminated before April 20, drip amount 10-15 side/mu, ensure that sufficient moisture in the soil is emerged, realize the target of seedling in April, carry out the plantation of cotton field, in cotton field surrounding plantation early ripening maize kind, finished before April 28, cotton field is 1-2cm; Flower bud period management, mainly for the cotton field broadcasting rear chance rain emergence difficult, puts seedling manually to break to harden to assist, two panels cotyledon starts final singling after flattening, and 1-2 sheet leaf period terminates, and final singling requires to go weak seedling to stay strong sprout, seedling of preventing or cure a disease stays strong seedling, one cave one strain, seedling stage intertills 1-2 time, degree of depth 14-16 centimetre, protective strip 8-10 centimetre, the one-time-reach-place of the intertillage degree of depth, seedling stageization is adjusted 1-2 time, Qi Miaohua adjust general a leaf wholeheartedly time carry out first time tune, every mu with mepiquat chloride 0.8 gram; The time that second timeization is adjusted and consumption are determined according to Cotton growth situation, strengthen insect survey, are unified in cotton field surrounding in time and spray boundary belt; Systemic insecticide control can be called in conjunction with change in the cotton field that cotton thrips is heavy; " look into, insert, smear, pluck, be coated with, spray " method is taked to two spotted spider mite, promotes Crab and eat mite, its two generation is controlled in the center strain stage; Cai Yong Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp and poplar branch handle, trapping overwinter generation cotton bollworm adult, will carry out spray phosphorus to the class cotton field early sent out and drive moth; Flower bud phase chemical regulation: rationalize according to Cotton growth and adjust, generally carry out in the 6-7 month, mu mepiquat chloride 2-3 gram, control to extend between the stem of middle and lower part, pour water: the flower bud phase drips 1-2 time, see colored water dropper water mid-June, the cotton field poor to soil moisture content or cotton seedling growing way is weak, in advance water dropper water, or combine to drip and impose urea 1-2 kg/acre, short weak seedling is early sent out; The work of controlling chosen by investigation and the spot film of cotton field two spotted spider mite, selects obligate miticide, controlled by two spotted spider mite in the center strain stage before head water; The investigation that a situation arises of cotton field cotton bollworm and preventing and controlling ， Yi Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp and poplar branch are trapping cotton bollworm adult; The census operations of land for growing field crops and seed field blight, pulls out destruction in conjunction with generaI investigation by blight strain; Flowering and boll-setting period is poured water: flowering and boll-setting period drips 8-9 time, by the end of June once, drips July 4 times, drip August 3 times, irrigation frequency 7-10 days, the late June amount of dripping 30-35 side/mu time, July-the amount of dripping mid-August 35-40 side/mu, the late August amount of dripping 25-30 side/mu, flowering and boll-setting period irrigation quantity 300 side; Fertilising: general normal pressure drip irrigation drips fertile 6-7 time; Fertilizing method is cotton plant base diameter 2 centimetres, drips and executes drip irrigation for cotton special fertilizer 4-5 kg/acre, and the Hua Lingsheng phase is enlarged to 6-7 kg/acre time, and mid or late August reduces to 4-5 kg/acre time, flowering and boll-setting period drip irrigation for cotton special fertilizer consumption 35-45 kilogram; Chemical regulation: flowering and boll-setting period adjusts 2 times, first timeization adjusts 3-5 days, mu mepiquat chloride 3-5 gram before head water, and tune is changed in the cotton field that fertility is low or growing way is weak after water; Second timeization is adjusted after after pinching, 5-7 days top fruit branches stretch out, mu mepiquat chloride 6-8 gram; After 5-7 days, still Pian Wang cotton field mu mepiquat chloride 4-5 gram sprays once again; Pinch in time: end of must pinching before July 5, before July 10, strike-on top is terminated; Top no marking rate controls within 2%, and top group's point takes extraterrestrial burying out of, for the cotton field that growing way is partially prosperous, manually to prune, is that boundary thoroughly prunes before August 5 with flower; Flowering and boll-setting period cotton pest has cotton bollworm, two spotted spider mite and aphid, and light, poplar branch handle and/or the trapping of cotton field method are taked in the control of cotton bollworm, adopt bio-chemical control to the cotton field reaching individually index for control; The control of cotton red spider adopts Predatory Mites and specialized acaricide, is controlled at spot film stage of development; The control of cotten aphid adopts the hidden application method of pinching or stem brush, or with washing urine Mixture Preventing; August is the second time onset peak period of cotton verticillium wilt, need carry out the second time generaI investigation of land for growing field crops and seed field verticillium wilt and diseased plant and to fall ill destruction work; What the term of opening bolls, machine cotton picking defoliant was carried out in management in good time sprays work, according to temperature Change situation, determines that defoliant sprays time and consumption, carries out in early September, spray evenly, not drain spray, and disleave rate reaches more than 92%; Gather in time: 7-10 days after cotton boll blowing, gather with cotton picking machinery or labour, terminated before November 5 to pick up flower, pay front unginned cotton regain lower than 8.5%, percentage of impurity is lower than 2.5%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the cultivation method of a kind of mulched-cotton by drip irrigation provided by the invention, compare with traditional technology of basining irrigation, mu water-saving amount 3-5%, improve unginned cotton per unit area yield 30-50 ㎏/mu, improve the quality of cotton simultaneously, select varieties of plant, applicable cotton picker is gathered, adopted by machine and lower cotton picking expense, mu reduces cotton picking and takes 400-450 unit, the application of this technology will improve the income at cotton planting family greatly, and revenue growth amplitude is 3-5%, can also improve the quality after cotton processing.
Embodiment
embodiment 1:
A cultivation method for mulched-cotton by drip irrigation, comprises the following steps:
1) Fruit variety: main breed is early 48, No. 42 and early No. 51, new land, new land;
2) structure of output: mu results strain number 1.5-1.7 ten thousand strain, individual plant fruit branch number 7-8 platform, single basal munure 5-5.5, Single boll weight 5-5.5 gram, seed cotton yield 400-450 kg/acre, ginning outturn is 38-40%, and lint yield is 150 kgs/acre;
3) cotton plant growing process: early April is sowed, and late April emerges, and late May buddings, and late June blooms, blow-of-cottons at the beginning of late August or 9 months;
4) index of quality: flower 90-95% before frost, I and II unginned cotton reaches more than 85%, cotton fiber length 29-30 millimeter, and than strong 28.0 tex/cn, mic value is 3.9-4.2, and yellowing is 7.5;
5) broadcast front soil to prepare: the selection content of organic matter is high, available nutrient enriches, saline and alkaline light, land readjustment, soil property is that loam or light clay are as cotton field, cotton field palpus 100% holostrome deep fertilizer spraying, before stubble is filled with, organic fertilizer is combined with chemical fertilizer, by the phosphorus of the nitrogen of 20-30% in the time of infertility, 60-80%, the potassium of 50% subsoil-application before the autumn turns over, to improve utilization rate of fertilizer; Stubble fills with irrigation quantity 40-50 side/mu, barren land is filled with and must be completed before freeze-up, barren land irrigation quantity is about 120 sides/mu, autumn and winter to turn over the winter front level land ploughing depth more than 28 centimetres, the operation of whole employing hydraulic reversing plough, require that the ridge is dark unanimously, turn over upturned soil and evenly, not leak plough, accomplish to survive the winter in level land, reach state to be broadcast; Seedbed preparation: suitable moisture in the soil wholely, grasped and should be ploughed the phase, sprays trefanocide 100-120 gram/acre on whole the ground before, adopts combined soil preparing machine and the operation of band bundle film roller, reaches broken, flat, clean, neat, loose, moisture in the soil and defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower quality standard, depth of soil preparation 4-5 centimetre;
6) seed treatment: utilize the time in winter slack to carry out artificial grain-by-grain seed selection to cotton seed, makes cotton seed cleanliness reach more than 98%, purity more than 95%, germination rate more than 95%, basks seeds more than 3 days before broadcasting, and 100% to sieve, dressing and electric field treatment after basking seeds, sowing in time after electric field treatment;
7) seeding machinery prepares: seeding machinery will put in place by seeding quality requirement debugging;
8) type of seeding and seeding quantity: in beginning of spring caudacoria, 5 centimetres of ground temperature are stabilized in 12 DEG C for three days on end and start broadcasting, and date of seeding is 10-18 day in April; Adopt film spot on air-aspiration type precision film to broadcast technology, i.e. 125 centimetres of wide films, 3 film 12 row or 205 centimetres of wide films, 2 film 12 row 16 caves, line-spacing preparation is taked as 70+20 centimetre, the banded or imitative band seeding mode such as 66+10 centimetre, 74+4 centimetre; Seed level is 2.5-3 centimetre, earthing 1-1.5 centimetre, broadcasts rear timely installation water-saving device;
9) field management: broadcast rear management, broadcast in latter 3 days and drip, work of dripping was terminated before April 20, drip amount 10-15 side/mu, ensure that sufficient moisture in the soil is emerged, realize the target of seedling in April, carry out the plantation of cotton field, in cotton field surrounding plantation early ripening maize kind, finished before April 28, cotton field is 1-2cm; Flower bud period management, mainly for the cotton field broadcasting rear chance rain emergence difficult, puts seedling manually to break to harden to assist, two panels cotyledon starts final singling after flattening, and 1-2 sheet leaf period terminates, and final singling requires to go weak seedling to stay strong sprout, seedling of preventing or cure a disease stays strong seedling, one cave one strain, seedling stage intertills 1-2 time, degree of depth 14-16 centimetre, protective strip 8-10 centimetre, the one-time-reach-place of the intertillage degree of depth, seedling stageization is adjusted 1-2 time, Qi Miaohua adjust general a leaf wholeheartedly time carry out first time tune, every mu with mepiquat chloride 0.8 gram; The time that second timeization is adjusted and consumption are determined according to Cotton growth situation, strengthen insect survey, are unified in cotton field surrounding in time and spray boundary belt; Systemic insecticide control can be called in conjunction with change in the cotton field that cotton thrips is heavy; " look into, insert, smear, pluck, be coated with, spray " method is taked to two spotted spider mite, promotes Crab and eat mite, its two generation is controlled in the center strain stage; Cai Yong Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp and poplar branch handle, trapping overwinter generation cotton bollworm adult, will carry out spray phosphorus to the class cotton field early sent out and drive moth; Flower bud phase chemical regulation: rationalize according to Cotton growth and adjust, generally carry out in the 6-7 month, mu mepiquat chloride 2-3 gram, control to extend between the stem of middle and lower part, pour water: the flower bud phase drips 1-2 time, see colored water dropper water mid-June, the cotton field poor to soil moisture content or cotton seedling growing way is weak, in advance water dropper water, or combine to drip and impose urea 1-2 kg/acre, short weak seedling is early sent out; The work of controlling chosen by investigation and the spot film of cotton field two spotted spider mite, selects obligate miticide, controlled by two spotted spider mite in the center strain stage before head water; The investigation that a situation arises of cotton field cotton bollworm and preventing and controlling ， Yi Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp and poplar branch are trapping cotton bollworm adult; The census operations of land for growing field crops and seed field blight, pulls out destruction in conjunction with generaI investigation by blight strain; Flowering and boll-setting period is poured water: flowering and boll-setting period drips 8-9 time, by the end of June once, drips July 4 times, drip August 3 times, irrigation frequency 7-10 days, the late June amount of dripping 30-35 side/mu time, July-the amount of dripping mid-August 35-40 side/mu, the late August amount of dripping 25-30 side/mu, flowering and boll-setting period irrigation quantity 300 side; Fertilising: general normal pressure drip irrigation drips fertile 6-7 time; Fertilizing method is cotton plant base diameter 2 centimetres, drips and executes drip irrigation for cotton special fertilizer 4-5 kg/acre, and the Hua Lingsheng phase is enlarged to 6-7 kg/acre time, and mid or late August reduces to 4-5 kg/acre time, flowering and boll-setting period drip irrigation for cotton special fertilizer consumption 35-45 kilogram; Chemical regulation: flowering and boll-setting period adjusts 2 times, first timeization adjusts 3-5 days, mu mepiquat chloride 3-5 gram before head water, and tune is changed in the cotton field that fertility is low or growing way is weak after water; Second timeization is adjusted after after pinching, 5-7 days top fruit branches stretch out, mu mepiquat chloride 6-8 gram; After 5-7 days, still Pian Wang cotton field mu mepiquat chloride 4-5 gram sprays once again; Pinch in time: end of must pinching before July 5, before July 10, strike-on top is terminated; Top no marking rate controls within 2%, and top group's point takes extraterrestrial burying out of, for the cotton field that growing way is partially prosperous, manually to prune, is that boundary thoroughly prunes before August 5 with flower; Flowering and boll-setting period cotton pest has cotton bollworm, two spotted spider mite and aphid, and light, poplar branch handle and/or the trapping of cotton field method are taked in the control of cotton bollworm, adopt bio-chemical control to the cotton field reaching individually index for control; The control of cotton red spider adopts Predatory Mites and specialized acaricide, is controlled at spot film stage of development; The control of cotten aphid adopts the hidden application method of pinching or stem brush, or with washing urine Mixture Preventing; August is the second time onset peak period of cotton verticillium wilt, need carry out the second time generaI investigation of land for growing field crops and seed field verticillium wilt and diseased plant and to fall ill destruction work; What the term of opening bolls, machine cotton picking defoliant was carried out in management in good time sprays work, according to temperature Change situation, determines that defoliant sprays time and consumption, carries out in early September, spray evenly, not drain spray, and disleave rate reaches more than 92%; Gather in time: 7-10 days after cotton boll blowing, gather with cotton picking machinery or labour, terminated before November 5 to pick up flower, pay front unginned cotton regain lower than 8.5%, percentage of impurity is lower than 2.5%.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a cultivation method for mulched-cotton by drip irrigation, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) Fruit variety: main breed is early 48, No. 42 and early No. 51, new land, new land;
2) structure of output: mu results strain number 1.5-1.7 ten thousand strain, individual plant fruit branch number 7-8 platform, single basal munure 5-5.5, Single boll weight 5-5.5 gram, seed cotton yield 400-450 kg/acre, ginning outturn is 38-40%, and lint yield is 150 kgs/acre;
3) cotton plant growing process: early April is sowed, and late April emerges, and late May buddings, and late June blooms, blow-of-cottons at the beginning of late August or 9 months;
4) index of quality: flower 90-95% before frost, I and II unginned cotton reaches more than 85%, cotton fiber length 29-30 millimeter, and than strong 28.0 tex/cn, mic value is 3.9-4.2, and yellowing is 7.5;
5) broadcast front soil to prepare: the selection content of organic matter is high, available nutrient enriches, saline and alkaline light, land readjustment, soil property is that loam or light clay are as cotton field, cotton field palpus 100% holostrome deep fertilizer spraying, before stubble is filled with, organic fertilizer is combined with chemical fertilizer, by the phosphorus of the nitrogen of 20-30% in the time of infertility, 60-80%, the potassium of 50% subsoil-application before the autumn turns over, to improve utilization rate of fertilizer; Stubble fills with irrigation quantity 40-50 side/mu, barren land is filled with and must be completed before freeze-up, barren land irrigation quantity is about 120 sides/mu, autumn and winter to turn over the winter front level land ploughing depth more than 28 centimetres, the operation of whole employing hydraulic reversing plough, require that tilling depth is consistent, turn over upturned soil and evenly, not leak plough, accomplish to survive the winter in level land, reach state to be broadcast; Seedbed preparation: suitable moisture in the soil wholely, grasped and should be ploughed the phase, sprays trefanocide 100-120 gram/acre on whole the ground before, adopts combined soil preparing machine and the operation of band bundle film roller, reaches broken, flat, clean, neat, loose, moisture in the soil and defincienct in the upper and excessive in the lower quality standard, depth of soil preparation 4-5 centimetre;
6) seed treatment: utilize the time in winter slack to carry out artificial grain-by-grain seed selection to cotton seed, makes cotton seed cleanliness reach more than 98%, purity more than 95%, germination rate more than 95%, basks seeds more than 3 days before broadcasting, and 100% to sieve, dressing and electric field treatment after basking seeds, sowing in time after electric field treatment;
7) seeding machinery prepares: seeding machinery will put in place by seeding quality requirement debugging;
8) type of seeding and seeding quantity: in beginning of spring caudacoria, 5 centimetres of ground temperature are stabilized in 12 DEG C for three days on end and start broadcasting, and date of seeding is 10-18 day in April; Adopt film spot on air-aspiration type precision film to broadcast technology, i.e. 125 centimetres of wide films, 3 film 12 row or 205 centimetres of wide films, 2 film 12 row 16 caves, line-spacing preparation take into 70+20 centimetre, 66+10 centimetre, 74+4 centimetre band shape or imitative band seeding mode; Seed level is 2.5-3 centimetre, earthing 1-1.5 centimetre, broadcasts rear timely installation water-saving device;
9) field management: broadcast rear management, broadcast in latter 3 days and drip, work of dripping was terminated before April 20, drip amount 10-15 side/mu, ensure that sufficient moisture in the soil is emerged, realize the target of seedling in April, carry out the plantation of cotton field, in cotton field surrounding plantation early ripening maize kind, finished before April 28, cotton field is 1-2cm; Flower bud period management, mainly for the cotton field broadcasting rear chance rain emergence difficult, puts seedling manually to break to harden to assist, two panels cotyledon starts final singling after flattening, and 1-2 sheet leaf period terminates, and final singling requires to go weak seedling to stay strong sprout, seedling of preventing or cure a disease stays strong seedling, one cave one strain, seedling stage intertills 1-2 time, degree of depth 14-16 centimetre, protective strip 8-10 centimetre, the one-time-reach-place of the intertillage degree of depth, seedling stageization is adjusted 1-2 time, Qi Miaohua adjust general a leaf wholeheartedly time carry out first time tune, every mu with mepiquat chloride 0.8 gram; The time that second timeization is adjusted and consumption are determined according to Cotton growth situation, strengthen insect survey, are unified in cotton field surrounding in time and spray boundary belt; Systemic insecticide control can be called in conjunction with change in the cotton field that cotton thrips is heavy; " look into, insert, smear, pluck, be coated with, spray " method is taked to two spotted spider mite, promotes Crab and eat mite, its two generation is controlled in the center strain stage; Cai Yong Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp and poplar branch handle, trapping overwinter generation cotton bollworm adult, will carry out spray phosphorus to the class cotton field early sent out and drive moth; Flower bud phase chemical regulation: rationalize according to Cotton growth and adjust, generally carry out in the 6-7 month, mu mepiquat chloride 2-3 gram, control to extend between the stem of middle and lower part, pour water: the flower bud phase drips 1-2 time, see colored water dropper water mid-June, the cotton field poor to soil moisture content or cotton seedling growing way is weak, in advance water dropper water, or combine to drip and impose urea 1-2 kg/acre, short weak seedling is early sent out; The work of controlling chosen by investigation and the spot film of cotton field two spotted spider mite, selects obligate miticide, controlled by two spotted spider mite in the center strain stage before head water; The investigation that a situation arises of cotton field cotton bollworm and preventing and controlling ， Yi Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp and poplar branch are trapping cotton bollworm adult; The census operations of land for growing field crops and seed field blight, pulls out destruction in conjunction with generaI investigation by blight strain; Flowering and boll-setting period is poured water: flowering and boll-setting period drips 8-9 time, by the end of June once, drips July 4 times, drip August 3 times, irrigation frequency 7-10 days, the late June amount of dripping 30-35 side/mu time, July-the amount of dripping mid-August 35-40 side/mu, the late August amount of dripping 25-30 side/mu, flowering and boll-setting period irrigation quantity 300 side; Fertilising: general normal pressure drip irrigation drips fertile 6-7 time; Fertilizing method is cotton plant base diameter 2 centimetres, drips and executes drip irrigation for cotton special fertilizer 4-5 kg/acre, and the Hua Lingsheng phase is enlarged to 6-7 kg/acre time, and mid or late August reduces to 4-5 kg/acre time, flowering and boll-setting period drip irrigation for cotton special fertilizer consumption 35-45 kilogram; Chemical regulation: flowering and boll-setting period adjusts 2 times, first timeization adjusts 3-5 days, mu mepiquat chloride 3-5 gram before head water, and tune is changed in the cotton field that fertility is low or growing way is weak after water; Second timeization is adjusted after after pinching, 5-7 days top fruit branches stretch out, mu mepiquat chloride 6-8 gram; After 5-7 days, still Pian Wang cotton field mu mepiquat chloride 4-5 gram sprays once again; Pinch in time: end of must pinching before July 5, before July 10, strike-on top is terminated; Top no marking rate controls within 2%, and top group's point takes extraterrestrial burying out of, for the cotton field that growing way is partially prosperous, manually to prune, is that boundary thoroughly prunes before August 5 with flower; Flowering and boll-setting period cotton pest has cotton bollworm, two spotted spider mite and aphid, and light, poplar branch handle and/or the trapping of cotton field method are taked in the control of cotton bollworm, adopt bio-chemical control to the cotton field reaching individually index for control; The control of cotton red spider adopts Predatory Mites and specialized acaricide, is controlled at spot film stage of development; The control of cotten aphid adopts the hidden application method of pinching or stem brush, or with washing urine Mixture Preventing; August is the second time onset peak period of cotton verticillium wilt, need carry out the second time generaI investigation of land for growing field crops and seed field verticillium wilt and diseased plant and to fall ill destruction work; What the term of opening bolls, machine cotton picking defoliant was carried out in management in good time sprays work, according to temperature Change situation, determines that defoliant sprays time and consumption, carries out in early September, spray evenly, not drain spray, and disleave rate reaches more than 92%; Gather in time: 7-10 days after cotton boll blowing, gather with cotton picking machinery or labour, terminated before November 5 to pick up flower, pay front unginned cotton regain lower than 8.5%, percentage of impurity is lower than 2.5%.
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| CN107646599A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-02-02 | 石河子农业科学研究院 | A kind of cultural method of new cotton variety |
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