CN103588886A - Easily-water dispersible nanocrystalline cellulose and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Easily-water dispersible nanocrystalline cellulose and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides easily-water dispersible nanocrystalline cellulose and a preparation method thereof. The easily-water dispersible nanocrystalline cellulose obtained by adopting a hydroxyl cross-linker for modifying nanocrystalline cellulose has an average particle size of 85.3-155.5 nm and particle size polydispersity index of 0.419-0.66. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a nanocrystalline cellulose suspension; secondly, adding the hydroxyl cross-linker for modifying the nanocrystalline cellulose; thirdly, washing and drying to obtain the easily-water dispersible nanocrystalline cellulose. The modified nanocrystalline cellulose can be uniformly dispersed in water and is low in hydroxyl cross-linker content and wide in application range.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cellulose derivative technology field, be specifically related to a kind of easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Mierocrystalline cellulose is the abundantest renewable resourcess of occurring in nature reserves, is a kind of natural macromolecular material with biodegradability.Since there is the crisis of the Nonrenewable energy resources such as oil in the world, to Mierocrystalline cellulose degrade, deep processing to be to obtain the focus that industrial chemicals and intermediate are various countries' research always.Cellulosic molecule by intermolecular hydrogen bonding in conjunction with forming fiber precursor.In the regularly arranged place of cellulosic molecule, hydrogen bond is just many, so form crystallizing field; Some places cellulosic molecule irregular arrangement, the chance that forms hydrogen bond is few, so form indefinite form district.By sulphuric acid hydrolysis Mierocrystalline cellulose, noncrystalline domain is removed in corrosion, and the diameter that can obtain only containing crystallizing field is that 1-100nm, length are tens element of the rigid rod fiber to hundreds of nanometer, i.e. nano micro crystal celluloses (NCC).Compare with common non-nano Mierocrystalline cellulose, due to characteristics such as the high purity of NCC, high-crystallinity, high Young's modulus, high strength, in addition its characteristic with nano particle, as the lightweight of huge specific surface area, superpower adsorptive power and high reactive behavior and biomaterial, degradable, physiologically acceptable and the characteristic such as renewable, makes it in high performance composite, demonstrate huge application prospect.
General N CC will be with form transportation and then the dispersion being dried, to reduce transportation clearance, weight and cost.The dry growth that can also suppress bacterium and fungi in NCC is also that NCC is dispersed in and in solvent, carries out modification or be dispersed in the steps necessary before the polymeric matrix in nano composite material.But existing while being added to the water again after dry with the standby NCC of mineral acid hydrolysis legal system, while only having concentration to be 1wt% left and right, can be dispersed in water well, form the good suspension of dispersion effect.When NCC add-on further increases, due to the abundant hydroxyl in its surface, easily form hydrogen bond and cause reuniting, limited the range of application of NCC.
At Chinese invention patent (application number: 03114288.5, Granted publication number: the colloid that has disclosed a kind of easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose and method for making thereof and its formation CN100360604C), first this invention adopts the methods such as carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethylation modification to carry out surface modification to NCC, in the NCC of surface modification, add the lyophilic colloid that accounts for NCC weight 5-150% again, resulting Microcrystalline Cellulose size of particles is between 6.3-100nm.The Microcrystalline Cellulose that this method of modifying obtains is the mixture of nano micro crystal cellulose and other colloids, causes range of application narrow.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above shortcomings in prior art, a kind of easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose and preparation method thereof is provided, technique is simple, and prepared modified Nano Microcrystalline Cellulose can be scattered in water uniformly and stably, effectively reduces agglomeration.
The technical scheme that solution the technology of the present invention problem adopts is that this easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose adopts hydroxyl linking agent modified Nano Microcrystalline Cellulose, the median size of resulting easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose is 85.3-155.5nm, and particle diameter heterogeneity index is 0.419-0.66.
Preferably, described hydroxyl linking agent is borax or glutaraldehyde.Hydroxyl on borax and NCC molecular chain reacts, form NCC containing boron complexes boric acid ester.Glutaraldehyde is first reacted generation hemiacetal with NCC, the more crosslinked acetal compound that generates.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of nano Microcrystalline Cellulose suspension: the mixed solution containing nano micro crystal cellulose that mineral acid hydrolysis process is obtained is centrifugal, washing again dialysis to neutral, and through ultrasonic dispersion treatment, obtain nano micro crystal cellulose suspension;
(2) the cross-linking modified nano micro crystal cellulose of hydroxyl: regulate pH to suitable scope to dripping alkali lye or acid solution in step (1) gained nano micro crystal cellulose suspension, add again hydroxyl linking agent, hydroxyl linking agent add-on is the 10-100wt% of nano micro crystal cellulose content in nano micro crystal cellulose suspension, in 30-45 ℃, stir 90-360min, fully washing drying are processed again, obtain easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose.
Preferably, it is that Microcrystalline Cellulose is mixed by the mass ratio of 1:10 with the 64wt% vitriol oil that the described mineral acid hydrolysis of step (1) is processed, and under 45 ℃ of conditions stirring reaction 2h.After mineral acid hydrolysis is processed, gained nano micro crystal cellulose median size is 250-270nm.Gained through centrifugal washing dialysis treatment again, is removed residual impurity and sulfuric acid containing the mixed solution of nano micro crystal cellulose.This dialysis treatment is containing the mixed solution of nano micro crystal cellulose, to be placed in dialysis tubing in the deionized water 3-4 days that dialyses.For preventing to go mouldy, need be 0-4 ℃ of preservation in dialysis and preservation process containing the mixed solution of nano micro crystal cellulose.
Preferably, the described ultrasonic dispersion treatment of step (1) is to adopt ultrasonication 30min.The nano micro crystal cellulose suspension that ultrasonic dispersion treatment obtains is measured after the concentration of NCC, and thin up is that 1-2wt% carries out crosslinking reaction again to NCC content in nano micro crystal cellulose suspension.
Preferably, the described drying treatment of step (2) is lyophilize 16h under temperature-45 ℃, pressure 20Pa condition.
Preferably, the described hydroxyl linking agent of step (2) is borax or glutaraldehyde, and when step (2) adopts alkali lye to regulate, hydroxyl linking agent is borax; While adopting acid solution to regulate, hydroxyl linking agent is glutaraldehyde.
Further preferably, the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution that the described alkali lye of step (2) is 0.1mol/L, regulates pH to 7 while adopting alkali lye; Described acid solution is the hydrochloride aqueous solution of 0.5mol/L, regulates pH to 2 while adopting acid solution.Proton (the H of lower concentration
+) crosslinking reaction of aldehyde is had to katalysis, and more than 7.5, react suppressed in pH value, so glutaraldehyde cross-linking reaction need be carried out under acidic conditions.
Reach best stabilising effect when making modified Nano Microcrystalline Cellulose redispersion in water, the present invention has also further carried out preferably the add-on of hydroxyl linking agent.
Preferably, borax add-on is the 30wt% of nano micro crystal cellulose content in suspension.
Preferably, glutaraldehyde add-on is the 40wt% of nano micro crystal cellulose content in suspension.When borax consumption is 30wt% or glutaraldehyde consumption while being 40wt%, modified Nano Microcrystalline Cellulose median size reaches minimum value, can reach best cross-linking modified effect.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: use simple and easy method modified Nano Microcrystalline Cellulose, simple to operate, with low cost, and the nano micro crystal cellulose after modification can be scattered in water uniformly and stably.This easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose median size is only 85.3-155.5nm, and particle diameter heterogeneity index is 0.419-0.66.And the hydroxyl linking agent that the present invention adds is less, and only have a small amount of participation crosslinking reaction, most of hydroxyl linking agent has neither part nor lot in reaction, and remove in washing process subsequently, therefore the modified Nano Microcrystalline Cellulose obtaining is purer, of many uses, has good market outlook.
Embodiment
For making those skilled in the art understand better technical scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of nano micro crystal cellulose with superior water dispersibility energy.Nano micro crystal cellulose suspension prepared by mineral acid hydrolysis is adjusted to suitable pH value by acid/alkali lye, then adds hydroxyl linking agent and nano microcrystalline surface hydroxyl to be cross-linked, and then washs and be dried to make easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose.
The column chromatography type Microcrystalline Cellulose product that the present invention's Microcrystalline Cellulose used (MCC) is produced for Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group, median size is greater than 80 μ m.The present invention's ultrasonic separating apparatus power used is 80W.
Embodiment mono-
Take MCC as raw material, MCC is mixed by the mass ratio of 1:10 with the 64wt% vitriol oil, and under 45 ℃ of conditions stirring reaction 2h, stirring velocity is 470 ± 10r/min, then stop heating, add distilled water diluting, be placed in again centrifuge tube, vibration washing is placed in the whizzer that rotating speed is 10000r/min separated, remove supernatant liquid, repeated washing is to no longer producing precipitation, be suspended state, again this suspension is placed in to dialysis tubing in the deionized water 3-4 days that dialyses, to pH be 6-7, and adopt ultrasonic wave to disperse 30min, obtain nano micro crystal cellulose suspension.Get this nano micro crystal cellulose suspension of 10g in 110 ℃ dry after, the quality of accurate weighing dried powder, thereby in definite wherein nano micro crystal cellulose suspension, the concentration of NCC is 4wt%, then obtains by dilution the nano micro crystal cellulose suspension that NCC content is 1.0wt%.
Get the prepared nano micro crystal cellulose suspension of 20g, with the sodium hydroxide solution of 0.1mol/L, regulate pH to 7, add 0.02g borax (account for nano micro crystal cellulose quality 10%), stirring reaction 90min at 30 ℃, use again deionized water centrifuge washing 3 times, lyophilize 16h under temperature-45 ℃, pressure 20Pa condition, obtains nano micro crystal cellulose powder.
Get dry nano micro crystal cellulose powder, be made into the suspension of 6mg/mL, sedimentation does not occur for standing 30 days, adopting ZS3000 nano particle size instrument to measure its median size is 155.5nm, and particle diameter heterogeneity index is 0.66.And above-mentioned cross-linking modified front nano micro crystal cellulose suspension median size is 251.5nm, particle diameter heterogeneity index is 0.936, there is sedimentation in standing 30min, illustrate that the present embodiment adopts hydroxyl linking agent to carry out between molecule, being not easy to reunite after crosslinking Treatment to NCC, the NCC after the modification of preparation can effectively improve the water dispersible of nano micro crystal cellulose.
Embodiment bis-
Adopt the method identical with embodiment mono-to prepare nano micro crystal cellulose suspension.Get the prepared nano micro crystal cellulose suspension of 20g, with the sodium hydroxide solution of 0.1mol/L, regulate pH to 7, add 0.06g borax (account for nano micro crystal cellulose quality 30%), stirring reaction 90min at 30 ℃, use again deionized water centrifuge washing 3 times, lyophilize 16h under temperature-45 ℃, pressure 20Pa condition, obtains nano micro crystal cellulose powder.
Get dry nano micro crystal cellulose powder, be made into the suspension of 6mg/mL, sedimentation does not occur for standing 30 days, adopting ZS3000 nano particle size instrument to measure its median size is 107.4nm, and particle diameter heterogeneity index is 0.492.Illustrate that the NCC after modification prepared by the present embodiment can effectively improve the water dispersible of nano micro crystal cellulose.
Embodiment tri-
Adopt the method identical with embodiment mono-to prepare nano micro crystal cellulose suspension.Get the prepared nano micro crystal cellulose suspension of 20g, with the sodium hydroxide solution of 0.1mol/L, regulate pH to 7, add 0.1g borax (account for nano micro crystal cellulose quality 50%), stirring reaction 90min at 30 ℃, use again deionized water centrifuge washing 3 times, lyophilize 16h under temperature-45 ℃, pressure 20Pa condition, obtains nano micro crystal cellulose powder.
Get dry nano micro crystal cellulose powder, be made into the suspension of 6mg/mL, sedimentation does not occur for standing 30 days, adopting ZS3000 nano particle size instrument to measure its median size is 153.5nm, and particle diameter heterogeneity index is 0.632.Illustrate that the NCC after modification prepared by the present embodiment can effectively improve the water dispersible of nano micro crystal cellulose.
Embodiment tetra-
Adopt the method identical with embodiment mono-to prepare nano micro crystal cellulose suspension.Get the prepared nano micro crystal cellulose suspension of 20g, with the hydrochloric acid soln of 0.5mol/L, regulate pH to 2, add 0.04g glutaraldehyde (account for nano micro crystal cellulose quality 20%), stirring reaction 4h at 40 ℃, 3 times, absolute ethanol washing 3 times of using again deionized water centrifuge washing, lyophilize 16h under temperature-45 ℃, pressure 20Pa condition, obtains nano micro crystal cellulose powder.
Get dry nano micro crystal cellulose powder, be made into the suspension of 6mg/mL, sedimentation does not occur for standing 30 days, adopting ZS3000 nano particle size instrument to measure its median size is 107.8nm, and particle diameter heterogeneity index is 0.540.Illustrate that the NCC after modification prepared by the present embodiment can effectively improve the water dispersible of nano micro crystal cellulose.
Embodiment five
Adopt the method identical with embodiment mono-to prepare nano micro crystal cellulose suspension.Get the prepared nano micro crystal cellulose suspension of 20g, with the hydrochloric acid soln of 0.5mol/L, regulate pH to 2, add 0.08g glutaraldehyde (account for nano micro crystal cellulose quality 40%), stirring reaction 4h at 40 ℃, 3 times, absolute ethanol washing 3 times of using again deionized water centrifuge washing, lyophilize 16h under temperature-45 ℃, pressure 20Pa condition, obtains nano micro crystal cellulose powder.
Get dry nano micro crystal cellulose powder, be made into the suspension of 6mg/mL, sedimentation does not occur for standing 30 days, adopting ZS3000 nano particle size instrument to measure its median size is 85.3nm, and particle diameter heterogeneity index is 0.419.Illustrate that the NCC after modification prepared by the present embodiment can effectively improve the water dispersible of nano micro crystal cellulose.
Embodiment six
Adopt the method identical with embodiment mono-to prepare nano micro crystal cellulose suspension.Get the prepared nano micro crystal cellulose suspension of 20g, with the hydrochloric acid soln of 0.5mol/L, regulate pH to 2, add 0.12g glutaraldehyde (account for nano micro crystal cellulose quality 60%), stirring reaction 4h at 40 ℃, 3 times, absolute ethanol washing 3 times of using again deionized water centrifuge washing, lyophilize 16h under temperature-45 ℃, pressure 20Pa condition, obtains nano micro crystal cellulose powder.
Get dry nano micro crystal cellulose powder, be made into the suspension of 6mg/mL, sedimentation does not occur for standing 30 days, adopting ZS3000 nano particle size instrument to measure its median size is 144.9nm, and particle diameter heterogeneity index is 0.613.Illustrate that the NCC after modification prepared by the present embodiment can effectively improve the water dispersible of nano micro crystal cellulose.
By the above detailed description to the embodiment of the present invention, can understand the problem that nano micro crystal cellulose powder is difficult to form favorable dispersity, suspension that NCC content is higher that the invention solves, and it is few to add hydroxyl cross-linked dosage, cost is low, does not affect the follow-up use of NCC.The median size of the resulting easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose of the present invention is 85.3-155.5nm, and particle diameter heterogeneity index is 0.419-0.66, and composition is comparatively pure, has wide market outlook, is applicable to industrial production.
Be understandable that, above embodiment is only used to principle of the present invention is described and the illustrative embodiments that adopts, yet the present invention is not limited thereto.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and substance in the present invention, can make various modification and improvement, these modification and improvement are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose, it is characterized in that: adopt hydroxyl linking agent modified Nano Microcrystalline Cellulose, the median size of resulting easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose is 85.3-155.5nm, and particle diameter heterogeneity index is 0.419-0.66.
2. easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described hydroxyl linking agent is borax or glutaraldehyde.
3. according to the preparation method of the arbitrary described easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose of claim 1-2, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of nano Microcrystalline Cellulose suspension: the mixed solution containing nano micro crystal cellulose that mineral acid hydrolysis process is obtained is centrifugal, washing again dialysis to neutral, and through ultrasonic dispersion treatment, obtain nano micro crystal cellulose suspension;
(2) the cross-linking modified nano micro crystal cellulose of hydroxyl: regulate pH to suitable scope to dripping alkali lye or acid solution in step (1) gained nano micro crystal cellulose suspension, add again hydroxyl linking agent, hydroxyl linking agent add-on is the 10-100wt% of nano micro crystal cellulose content in nano micro crystal cellulose suspension, in 30-45 ℃, stir 90-360min, fully washing drying are processed again, obtain easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose.
4. the preparation method of easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: it is that Microcrystalline Cellulose is mixed by the mass ratio of 1:10 with the 64wt% vitriol oil that the described mineral acid hydrolysis of step (1) is processed, and under 45 ℃ of conditions stirring reaction 2h.
5. the preparation method of easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the described ultrasonic dispersion treatment of step (1) is to adopt ultrasonication 30min.
6. the preparation method of easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the described drying treatment of step (2) is lyophilize 16h under temperature-45 ℃, pressure 20Pa condition.
7. the preparation method of easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the described hydroxyl linking agent of step (2) is borax or glutaraldehyde, and when step (2) adopts alkali lye to regulate, hydroxyl linking agent is borax; While adopting acid solution to regulate, hydroxyl linking agent is glutaraldehyde.
8. according to the preparation method of the arbitrary described easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose of claim 3-7, it is characterized in that: the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution that the described alkali lye of step (2) is 0.1mol/L, regulates pH to 7 while adopting alkali lye; Described acid solution is the hydrochloride aqueous solution of 0.5mol/L, regulates pH to 2 while adopting acid solution.
9. the preparation method of easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose according to claim 8, is characterized in that: borax add-on is the 30wt% of nano micro crystal cellulose content in suspension.
10. the preparation method of easy water dispersion nano Microcrystalline Cellulose according to claim 8, is characterized in that: glutaraldehyde add-on is the 40wt% of nano micro crystal cellulose content in suspension.
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| CN106633126B (en) * | 2016-10-15 | 2019-06-18 | 浙江金龙纸业有限公司 | Utilize the method for cation nanometer microcrystalline cellulose enhancing hemicellulose membrane |
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