CN103583906B - Compound induced slow-release aquaculture fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound induced slow-release aquaculture fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound induced slow-release aquaculture fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The compound induced slow-release aquaculture fertilizer comprises raw materials of urea, potassium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, rice bran, probiotics and a Chinese herbal medicine additive. The preparation method of the aquaculture fertilizer comprises steps as follows: (A), Chinese herbal medicine components are weighed according to a formula, water is added, the mixture is extracted for 1-3 times, a Chinese herbal medicine extracting solution is obtained and subjected to spray drying after concentrated, and the Chinese herbal medicine additive is obtained for standby application; and (B), urea, potassium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, rice bran, probiotics and the Chinese herbal medicine additive are weighed according to the weight percentage, then stirred and mixed, the raw materials are fed into a fermentation tank for fermentation, and the fertilizer is obtained. The Chinese herbal medicine particles with a sterilizing effect are added, roles of the components are fully played through fermentation, and when the fertilizer is applied to a water body, the fertilizer can take effect fast, is long in action time, green and environment-friendly, and has a sterilizing effect; and besides, the formula of the fertilizer is reasonable, and the preparation method is simple.
Description
technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of co-induction slowly-releasing aquatic fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
background technology:
Fish disease is in water body, particularly the main cause of small-size water surface cultured fishes mortality.In several main raising fish of China, the quantity dead because of disease is also very large, if do not employed prevention accordingly and treatment measure, the death rate can reach 30-40%, when serious, can arrive more than 80%, has affected widely the raising of unit are fish crop.
Due to high-density breeding, throw the frequency of feeding and increase, and the problem such as water pollution occurs, the various epidemic disease probabilities of infection of marine fishes raise greatly, have caused huge loss to aquaculture.
Although can be by reducing density culture or the method such as clean up the pond solves, but also can be by adding sterilization component to reach the bacterium that reduces pond in aquaculture fertilizer, thereby reduce the various fungal diseases of infection of marine fishes, improve raiser's economic benefit.
summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, lasting, the environmental protection of a kind of rapid-action, action time is provided and has aquaculture fertilizer of bactericidal effect and preparation method thereof.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of co-induction slowly-releasing aquatic fertilizer, it is characterized in that, in parts by weight, raw material consists of urea 20-30 part, potassium phosphate 10-15 part, ammonium phosphate 16-23 part, probio 0.5-1.5 part and Chinese herbal medicine compound thing 1-3 part, composite feeding promoting agent 0.2-0.8 part, soybean lecithin 55-70 part, fish meal 10-85 part
Nano controlled-release carrier 20-25 part;
The preparation method of described nano controlled-release carrier is:
(1) silicon hydroxyapatite, concave convex rod, hydrotalcite, imvite, titanium dioxide, calcite, kaolin are mixed according to the mass fraction proportioning of 35-45:10-15: 10-15:8-10:8-10:7-8:5-7, join in the mixed solution of 230 parts of methyl-sulfoxides (DMSO) and 50 parts of methyl alcohol, stir 60 hours in 65 DEG C, filter, and wash and remove excessive methyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) for 3 times with the hot ethanol of 60 DEG C of temperature, put into vacuum drying chamber, be dried 24 hours 60 DEG C of temperature, grinding is sieved, and obtains modified composite one time;
(2) 1 part of modified composite, 15 parts of potassium acetates and 25 parts of distilled water are mixed, stir more than 10 hours in temperature 50 C, in 30 DEG C of temperature, first under ultrasonic electric power 350W condition, disperse 3.5 hours, and then disperse 4 hours under ultrasonic electric power 250W condition.Filter, and wash 3 times with distillation, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains twice-modified compound; (3) above-mentioned 1 part of twice-modified compound is disperseed to 60min at 600W power ultrasonic, be heated to 90 DEG C with constant temperature heating device, and stir (1200r/min) 60 minutes with mechanical agitator; Obtain nano controlled-release carrier;
Described composite feeding promoting agent comprises glycine, glutamic acid, molasses and vomiting nut, in parts by weight, and glycine 15-25 part, glutamic acid 30-40 part, molasses 10-20 part and vomiting nut 25-35 part;
Described probio comprises lactic acid bacteria 5-15 part, Bifidobacterium 1-5 part, lactobacillus acidophilus 5-13 part, actinomyces 7-15 part and saccharomycete 16-22 part;
Described Chinese herbal medicine compound thing is: Pinus massoniana 5-15 part, China tree 12-24 part, garlic 20-30 part, pumpkin 16-27 part, Chinese tallowtree leaf 6-13 part, fragrant eupatorium herb 10-20 part, Eupatorium adenophorum 10-20 part, guayule rubber 10-20 part, kuh-seng 10-20 part, Chinese gall 15-26 part, wolf's milk 1-5 part, cordate houttuynia 20-30 part and tarragon 18-26 part
In parts by weight, 20 parts, urea, 15 parts of potassium phosphates, 23 parts, ammonium phosphate, 40 parts, rice bran, 0.5 part of probio and 1 part of Chinese herb feed additive, 0.2 part of composite feeding promoting agent.
The preparation method of described co-induction slowly-releasing aquatic fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises following step:
(A) take each herbal component by proportioning, after pulverizing, add the water of 3 times of raw material weights, be 80 DEG C in temperature and extract 1-3h, extract 2 times, obtain extracts of Chinese herbal medicine, the dry Chinese herb feed additive that to obtain of concentrated rear spraying, for subsequent use;
(B) urea 20-30 part, potassium phosphate 10-15 part, ammonium phosphate 16-23 part, rice bran 40-50 part, probio 0.5-1.5 part, composite feeding promoting agent 0.2-0.8 part and Chinese herb feed additive 1-3 part are mixed, then raw material is sent in fermentation vat, add the water of raw material gross weight 50%, add again dry ferment, aspergillus and bacillus to ferment, the addition of dry ferment, aspergillus and bacillus is respectively 1-2%, 1.5-2% and the 2.5-3% of raw material gross weight, 23-27 DEG C of bottom fermentation 8 days, after filtration, obtain filter residue;
(C) filter residue obtaining in step (B) is carried out to freeze drying, after pulverizing, granulate, can obtain fertilizer finished product.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention has added the Chinese herbal medicine particle with bactericidal effect, by fermentation, the effect of various compositions is fully played, and is applied to that water body is rapid-action, action time is lasting, environmental protection and have bactericidal effect; In addition, the present invention fills a prescription rationally, and preparation method is simple.In mixed feed, add phagostimulant, improve the palatability of feed, in feed, add the Chinese herbal medicine with the sick function of anti parasitic, the parasite disease that can fundamentally prevent and treat, through actual verification, the present invention can reduce the generation of parasite disease and reduce the quantity that infects parasitic disease; There is the Chinese herbal medicine particle of bactericidal effect, by fermentation, the effect of various compositions is fully played, be applied to that water body is rapid-action, action time is lasting, environmental protection and have bactericidal effect; In addition, the present invention fills a prescription rationally, and preparation method is simple; Utilize hydroxyapatite etc. itself to there is the character of loose structure, fertilizer components is adsorbed in the inner mesh of carrier, reach the object of slow release.Hydroxyapatite also has biodegradable characteristic, and gained catabolite is various trace elements ion, and these elements can be absorbed again.Nano controlled-release additive has good biocompatibility, gastrointestinal tract mucous compatibility, each component that makes it load has controlled-release function, all improve a lot through twice-modified nano-complex medicine carrying amount and adsorbance, fertilizer efficiency time lengthening is more than 3 months, effectively suppress the increment of animal pathogen, improve the producer's benefit.
detailed description of the invention:
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, a kind of co-induction slowly-releasing aquatic fertilizer, it is characterized in that, in parts by weight, raw material consists of 20 parts, urea, 10 parts of potassium phosphates, 16 parts, ammonium phosphate, 0.5 part of probio and 1 part of Chinese herbal medicine compound thing, 0.2 part of composite feeding promoting agent, 55 parts of soybean lecithins, 10 parts of fish meal, 20 parts, nano controlled-release carrier;
The preparation method of described nano controlled-release carrier is:
(1) silicon hydroxyapatite, concave convex rod, hydrotalcite, imvite, titanium dioxide, calcite, kaolin are mixed according to the mass fraction proportioning of 35-45:10-15: 10-15:8-10:8-10:7-8:5-7, join in the mixed solution of 230 parts of methyl-sulfoxides (DMSO) and 50 parts of methyl alcohol, stir 60 hours in 65 DEG C, filter, and wash and remove excessive methyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) for 3 times with the hot ethanol of 60 DEG C of temperature, put into vacuum drying chamber, be dried 24 hours 60 DEG C of temperature, grinding is sieved, and obtains modified composite one time;
(2) 1 part of modified composite, 15 parts of potassium acetates and 25 parts of distilled water are mixed, stir more than 10 hours in temperature 50 C, in 30 DEG C of temperature, first under ultrasonic electric power 350W condition, disperse 3.5 hours, and then disperse 4 hours under ultrasonic electric power 250W condition.Filter, and wash 3 times with distillation, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains twice-modified compound; (3) above-mentioned 1 part of twice-modified compound is disperseed to 60min at 600W power ultrasonic, be heated to 90 DEG C with constant temperature heating device, and stir (1200r/min) 60 minutes with mechanical agitator; Obtain nano controlled-release carrier;
Described composite feeding promoting agent comprises glycine, glutamic acid, molasses and vomiting nut, in parts by weight, and 25 parts of 15 parts of glycine, 30 parts, glutamic acid, 10 parts, molasses and vomiting nuts;
Described probio comprises 16 parts, 5 parts of lactic acid bacterias, 1 part of Bifidobacterium, 5 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus, 7 parts, actinomyces and saccharomycete;
Described Chinese herbal medicine compound thing is: 18 parts of 5 parts of Pinus massonianas, 12 parts of China trees, 20 parts, garlic, 16 parts of pumpkin, 6 parts of Chinese tallowtree leafs, 10 parts of fragrant eupatorium herbs, 10 parts of Eupatorium adenophorums, 10 parts of guayule rubbers, 10 parts of kuh-sengs, 15 parts, Chinese gall, 1 part of wolf's milk, 20 parts of cordate houttuynias and tarragons
The preparation method of described co-induction slowly-releasing aquatic fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises following step:
(A) take each herbal component by proportioning, after pulverizing, add the water of 3 times of raw material weights, be 80 DEG C in temperature and extract 1-3h, extract 2 times, obtain extracts of Chinese herbal medicine, the dry Chinese herb feed additive that to obtain of concentrated rear spraying, for subsequent use;
(B) by 20 parts, urea, 10 parts of potassium phosphates, 16 parts, ammonium phosphate, 0.5 part of probio, 0.2 part of composite feeding promoting agent and 1 part of Chinese herb feed additive, 55 parts of soybean lecithins, 10 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of mixing of nano controlled-release carrier, then raw material is sent in fermentation vat, add the water of raw material gross weight 50%, add again dry ferment, aspergillus and bacillus to ferment, the addition of dry ferment, aspergillus and bacillus is respectively 1 %, 1.5 % and 2.5 % of raw material gross weight, 23 DEG C of bottom fermentations 8 days, after filtration, obtain filter residue;
(C) filter residue obtaining in step (B) is carried out to freeze drying, after pulverizing, granulate, can obtain fertilizer finished product.
Embodiment 2:
In this enforcement, a kind of co-induction slowly-releasing aquatic fertilizer, it is characterized in that, in parts by weight, raw material consists of 30 parts, urea, 15 parts of potassium phosphates, 23 parts, ammonium phosphate, 1.5 parts of probios and 3 parts of Chinese herbal medicine compound things, 0.8 part of composite feeding promoting agent, 70 parts of soybean lecithins, 85 parts of fish meal
Nano controlled-release carrier 20-25 part;
The preparation method of described nano controlled-release carrier is:
(1) silicon hydroxyapatite, concave convex rod, hydrotalcite, imvite, titanium dioxide, calcite, kaolin are mixed according to the mass fraction proportioning of 35-45:10-15: 10-15:8-10:8-10:7-8:5-7, join in the mixed solution of 230 parts of methyl-sulfoxides (DMSO) and 50 parts of methyl alcohol, stir 60 hours in 65 DEG C, filter, and wash and remove excessive methyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) for 3 times with the hot ethanol of 60 DEG C of temperature, put into vacuum drying chamber, be dried 24 hours 60 DEG C of temperature, grinding is sieved, and obtains modified composite one time;
(2) 1 part of modified composite, 15 parts of potassium acetates and 25 parts of distilled water are mixed, stir more than 10 hours in temperature 50 C, in 30 DEG C of temperature, first under ultrasonic electric power 350W condition, disperse 3.5 hours, and then disperse 4 hours under ultrasonic electric power 250W condition.Filter, and wash 3 times with distillation, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains twice-modified compound; (3) above-mentioned 1 part of twice-modified compound is disperseed to 60min at 600W power ultrasonic, be heated to 90 DEG C with constant temperature heating device, and stir (1200r/min) 60 minutes with mechanical agitator; Obtain nano controlled-release carrier;
Described composite feeding promoting agent comprises glycine, glutamic acid, molasses and vomiting nut, in parts by weight, and 35 parts of 25 parts of glycine, 40 parts, glutamic acid, 20 parts, molasses and vomiting nuts;
Described probio comprises 22 parts, 15 parts of lactic acid bacterias, 5 parts of Bifidobacteriums, 13 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus, 15 parts, actinomyces and saccharomycete;
Described Chinese herbal medicine compound thing is: 26 parts of 15 parts of Pinus massonianas, 24 parts of China trees, 30 parts, garlic, 27 parts of pumpkin, Chinese tallowtree leaf 6-13 part, 20 parts of fragrant eupatorium herbs, 20 parts of Eupatorium adenophorums, 20 parts of guayule rubbers, 20 parts of kuh-sengs, 26 parts, Chinese gall, 5 parts of wolf's milks, 30 parts of cordate houttuynias and tarragons
The preparation method of described co-induction slowly-releasing aquatic fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises following step:
(A) take each herbal component by proportioning, after pulverizing, add the water of 3 times of raw material weights, be 80 DEG C in temperature and extract 3h, extract 2 times, obtain extracts of Chinese herbal medicine, the dry Chinese herb feed additive that to obtain of concentrated rear spraying, for subsequent use;
(B) by 30 parts, urea, 15 parts of potassium phosphates, 23 parts, ammonium phosphate, 1.5 parts of probios, 0.8 part of composite feeding promoting agent and 3 parts of mixing of Chinese herb feed additive, 70 parts of soybean lecithins, 85 parts of fish meal, 25 parts of mixing of nano controlled-release carrier, then raw material is sent in fermentation vat, add the water of raw material gross weight 50%, add again dry ferment, aspergillus and bacillus to ferment, the addition of dry ferment, aspergillus and bacillus is respectively 2%, 2% and 3% of raw material gross weight, 27 DEG C of bottom fermentations 8 days, after filtration, obtain filter residue;
(C) filter residue obtaining in step (B) is carried out to freeze drying, after pulverizing, granulate, can obtain fertilizer finished product.
In mixed feed, add phagostimulant, improve the palatability of feed, in feed, add the Chinese herbal medicine with the sick function of anti parasitic, the parasite disease that can fundamentally prevent and treat, through actual verification, the present invention can reduce the generation of parasite disease and reduce the quantity that infects parasitic disease; There is the Chinese herbal medicine particle of bactericidal effect, by fermentation, the effect of various compositions is fully played, be applied to that water body is rapid-action, action time is lasting, environmental protection and have bactericidal effect; In addition, the present invention fills a prescription rationally, and preparation method is simple; Utilize hydroxyapatite etc. itself to there is the character of loose structure, fertilizer components is adsorbed in the inner mesh of carrier, reach the object of slow release.Hydroxyapatite also has biodegradable characteristic, and gained catabolite is various trace elements ion, and these elements can be absorbed again.Nano controlled-release additive has good biocompatibility, gastrointestinal tract mucous compatibility, each component that makes it load has controlled-release function, all improve a lot through twice-modified nano-complex medicine carrying amount and adsorbance, fertilizer efficiency time lengthening is more than 3 months, effectively suppress the increment of animal pathogen, improve the producer's benefit.
More than show and described general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and description, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (2)
1. a co-induction slowly-releasing aquatic fertilizer, it is characterized in that, in parts by weight, raw material consists of urea 20-30 part, potassium phosphate 10-15 part, ammonium phosphate 16-23 part, probio 0.5-1.5 part and Chinese herbal medicine compound thing 1-3 part, composite feeding promoting agent 0.2-0.8 part, soybean lecithin 55-70 part, fish meal 10-85 part, nano controlled-release carrier 20-25 part;
The preparation method of described nano controlled-release carrier is:
(1) silicon hydroxyapatite, concave convex rod, hydrotalcite, imvite, titanium dioxide, calcite, kaolin are mixed according to the mass fraction proportioning of 35-45:10-15:10-15:8-10:8-10:7-8:5-7, join in the mixed solution of 230 parts of methyl-sulfoxides (DMSO) and 50 parts of methyl alcohol, stir 60 hours in 65 DEG C, filter, and wash and remove excessive methyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) for 3 times with the hot ethanol of 60 DEG C of temperature, put into vacuum drying chamber, be dried 24 hours 60 DEG C of temperature, grinding is sieved, and obtains modified composite one time;
(2) 1 part of modified composite, 15 parts of potassium acetates and 25 parts of distilled water are mixed, stir more than 10 hours in temperature 50 C, in 30 DEG C of temperature, first under ultrasonic electric power 350W condition, disperse 3.5 hours, and then disperse 4 hours under ultrasonic electric power 250W condition; Filter, and wash 3 times with distillation, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains twice-modified compound;
(3) above-mentioned 1 part of twice-modified compound is disperseed to 60min at 600W power ultrasonic, is heated to 90 DEG C with constant temperature heating device, and with mechanical agitator with the speed stirring of 1200r/min 60 minutes; Obtain nano controlled-release carrier;
Described composite feeding promoting agent comprises glycine, glutamic acid, molasses and vomiting nut, in parts by weight, and glycine 15-25 part, glutamic acid 30-40 part, molasses 10-20 part and vomiting nut 25-35 part;
Described probio comprises lactic acid bacteria 5-15 part, Bifidobacterium 1-5 part, lactobacillus acidophilus 5-13 part, actinomyces 7-15 part and saccharomycete 16-22 part;
Described Chinese herbal medicine compound thing is: Pinus massoniana 5-15 part, China tree 12-24 part, garlic 20-30 part, pumpkin 16-27 part, Chinese tallowtree leaf 6-13 part, fragrant eupatorium herb 10-20 part, Eupatorium adenophorum 10-20 part, guayule rubber 10-20 part, kuh-seng 10-20 part, Chinese gall 15-26 part, wolf's milk 1-5 part, cordate houttuynia 20-30 part and tarragon 18-26 part.
2. according to the co-induction slowly-releasing aquatic fertilizer described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in parts by weight, 20 parts, urea, 15 parts of potassium phosphates, 23 parts, ammonium phosphate, 0.5 part of probio and 1 part of Chinese herbal medicine compound thing, 0.2 part of composite feeding promoting agent, 55 parts of soybean lecithins, 10 parts of fish meal, 20 parts, nano controlled-release carrier;
The preparation method of described nano controlled-release carrier is:
(1) silicon hydroxyapatite, concave convex rod, hydrotalcite, imvite, titanium dioxide, calcite, kaolin are mixed according to the mass fraction proportioning of 35-45:10-15:10-15:8-10:8-10:7-8:5-7, join in the mixed solution of 230 parts of methyl-sulfoxides (DMSO) and 50 parts of methyl alcohol, stir 60 hours in 65 DEG C, filter, and wash and remove excessive methyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) for 3 times with the hot ethanol of 60 DEG C of temperature, put into vacuum drying chamber, be dried 24 hours 60 DEG C of temperature, grinding is sieved, and obtains modified composite one time;
(2) 1 part of modified composite, 15 parts of potassium acetates and 25 parts of distilled water are mixed, stir more than 10 hours in temperature 50 C, in 30 DEG C of temperature, first under ultrasonic electric power 350W condition, disperse 3.5 hours, and then disperse 4 hours under ultrasonic electric power 250W condition; Filter, and wash 3 times with distillation, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains twice-modified compound;
(3) above-mentioned 1 part of twice-modified compound is disperseed to 60min at 600W power ultrasonic, be heated to 90 DEG C with constant temperature heating device, and stir with the speed of 1200r/min 60 minutes with mechanical agitator; Obtain nano controlled-release carrier.
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| CN101589709B (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2013-09-11 | 吉林大学 | Adsorption method for preparing hydroxyapatite pesticide and slow-release fertilizer compound |
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