CN103582560A

CN103582560A - Lighting device comprising light-emitting diodes

Info

Publication number: CN103582560A
Application number: CN201280028197.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: A.吉朗; A.蒙热尔蒙; 张经维
Original assignee: Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Current assignee: Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority date: 2011-06-09
Filing date: 2012-06-06
Publication date: 2014-02-12
Anticipated expiration: 2032-06-06
Also published as: EP2718100A1; WO2012168647A1; CN103582560B; FR2976340B1; FR2976340A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a lighting device comprising: at least one glass sheet (2, 2A, 2B) having two opposing main faces (20, 21) and a slab (22), light-emitting diodes (3) providing the lighting function, and diffusion means (4) that extract the light on one of the first or second main faces (21). The aforementioned diffusion means define one or more lighting zones and said diffusion means does not form a solid surface covering all of the first glass sheet. The device is characterized in that the diffusion means takes the form of an enamel having a brightness greater than 15 and preferably greater than or equal to 20 or 30.

Description

The lighting apparatus with electroluminescent diode

Technical field

The present invention relates to the lighting apparatus as light source by means of electroluminescent diode.

Background technology

Electroluminescent diode or DEL(English LED) be used at first to form the indicator lamp of Electrical and Electronic instrument or signal lamp and guaranteed in recent years illumination recoil simulator equipment or portable lamp or beacon such as motor vehicles recoil simulator (signalisation) lamp (directional light) always.

Recently, it utilizes by development for illumination, especially in order to replace halogen incandescent bulb.

Thereby illumination glassing to be equipped with DEL be known as illuminator, described DEL is disposed on the side (tranche) of glassing.

In order to extract the light guiding in glass, described DEL lighting apparatus comprises light diffusing device, and described light diffusing device sandblasts (sablage) by glass or acidifying (acidage) obtains.Yet this implements embrittlement glass, in addition, extract performance not always satisfactory, also not lasting.

Summary of the invention

Therefore object of the present invention is to propose a kind of new lighting apparatus based on DEL on glass side, and described new lighting apparatus, when enough luminous efficiency is provided in the situation that there is no dazzle, does not present the shortcoming of prior art about its light diffusing device.

According to the present invention, lighting apparatus or light source comprise that at least one has the first and second relative main faces and first glass sheet (feuille de verre) of side, thereby provide illumination functions and side that wherein light emitting surface is optically coupled the first glass sheet form the electroluminescent diode of photoconduction (guide de lumiere), and guarantee the extraction of guided light (lumiere guid é e) and be disposed in the diffusing device on one of first or second main face, described diffusing device defines one or more surrounds, described diffusing device covers face whole of the first glass sheet not according to full surface, and described diffusing device is the enamel with the brightness (brillance) that is greater than 15.

Known ground, measures brightness by reflectometer or brightness instrument, with bright unit, expresses its value.

Shi Guangconggai district, surround is extracted the district to glass outer, and corresponding to enamel with on the glass sheet surface on enamel opposite, and the district adjacent with enamel is called as dark space in the similar face of glass sheet.

Thereby the combination of the utilization of the illumination by DEL, the glass sheet illumination by its side and the enamel that is adapted as diffusing device and form one or more lighting patterns, obtains bright, homogeneity and there is no the illumination of dazzle.

With respect to the enamel surface of inside glass, be configured for the diffuse reflection surface of the light that launch and that propagate by glass side in thickness of glass.Light thereby be reflected the face of described glass sheet in the direction of the relative face of the face with being equipped with enamel of glass sheet.

Described enamel be not must cover glass surface whole in guaranteeing the homogeneys of illumination.Similarly, the light of being launched by the DEL being positioned on glass side not with it all and by being extracted from the immediate pattern of glass side, but on the contrary, along the direction that is parallel to the main face of substrate, continue to propagate, until guarantee that the next one of additional reflection may pattern in the thickness of glass.

Preferably, described enamel has the brightness that is more than or equal to 20 or 30.

According to a feature, described enamel has the optical density (OD) that is at least 0.6, is even at least 0.8.Known ground, measures optical density (OD) by means of Density Measuring Instrument.

According to the present invention, the brightness of enamel and/or optical density (OD) value make it possible to provide enough resistance to clean and scratch resistant glass surfaces.

Described equipment has and at least equals 1000cd/m ², preferably at least equal 2000cd/m ², 3000cd/m even ²brightness.

Advantageously, in described one or more surrounds (in the side with respect to glassy surface and/or have the side of the face of enamel), illumination is lambert's type (and being nondirectional along light propagation axis).Thereby brightness has the following advantages, no matter i.e. viewing angle, described brightness equates substantially.Selected enamel causes in the brightness at normal place and is being included in 0 and 45 °, the absolute value deviation between the brightness at the angle place between 60 ° even in surround, and described absolute value deviation is less than at least 30%, even 20% or 10%.

According to a feature, when described equipment only includes single glass sheet material, be equipped with the sheet glass face of enamel to form and the forming device face that mainly face of (even unique) illuminated area is relative, the brightness L2 of opposite face is at most 0.8 times of brightness L1 of main illuminated area, is even at most 0.6 times of brightness L1.

Advantageously, enamel is scratch resistant, especially not by the situation that 10 N even the power diameter of 20 N be 0.75 mm tip (pointe) apply scuffing, for example tungsten carbide.

Described enamel is being also chemically resistance to cleaning products, and especially soap, alcohol and ammoniacal liquor especially do not have color change after clean, have especially a ratio colo(u)r bias Delta E that is less than 1.4.

For than the formula of colo(u)r bias being: .

When lighting apparatus is while being formed by monolithic glass, it uses the elite illumination being used to more suitably in a side even along single side, and described side is the side of the face relative with the face that is equipped with enamel.In fact, the face that is equipped with enamel extracts lower light quantity than opposite face, be especially approximately its 1/2.

At one, implement in modification, described lighting apparatus forms multiple glassing, and described multiple glassing comprises the second glass sheet and the inner space between the first and second sheet materials in addition, and described enamel is on the inner face of the first glass sheet.

At another, implement in modification, lighting apparatus forms stratiform glassing, layered glassing comprises the first glass sheet, the second glass sheet and plastic (transparent) middle sheet material, described enamel is disposed in the inside of stratiform, on the face relative with plastic sheet of the first glass sheet, described diode is for example centered by the side of stratiform glassing or with the first sheet material, even the side of the second sheet material is relative.

Layered glass lighting apparatus processed is in some applications for being necessary in response to security needs.

In addition, this application of the lighting apparatus based on laminated glazing can be preferred, because it obtains the suitable lightening extracting for two sidelights.In fact, inventor shows, from being disposed in enamel one of glass surface and that be associated with the plastic layer of guaranteeing layering according to of the present invention, the light quantity of extracting is all identical for every side of equipment.

The plastics of middle sheet material are known types, for example flexible polyurethane (PU), do not have plasticizing thermoplastic, described do not have plasticizing thermoplastic such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB), polyethylene and acrylic copolymer, for example by DuPont company at Butacite ^?the Huo You Solutia company sold under one's name sells.Plastic sheet material for example have 0.2mm and 1.1mm, especially 0.38 and 0.76mm between thickness.Other plastics can be utilized, such as polyolefin, PEN or PVC or the ionomer resin of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP).

Preferably, the first glass sheet that is added with enamel on it presents and is less than 45%, is even less than 40% or be even less than 35% light transmission, and described smooth transmission is measured by means of the measuring instrument that is called as " Hazemeter " (hazemeter) in English.

The thickness of enamel is adapted, and is preferably no more than 100 μ m, to there is no to bring into play it for the effect of described reflection of light device in too many light absorbing situation.Thickness is preferably included between 8 μ m and 40 μ m, for example, be the order of magnitude of 15 μ m.

The thickness of described one or more glass sheets is Commonly Used Sizes, is 3 or 4mm.Described thickness can be larger for some application certainly, and reaches 10 or the thickness of the order of magnitude of 12mm.

Described enamel is preferably on a face of the first glass sheet whole, expand discontinuously or according to being dispersed in the geometry on song and/or straight line.

Can imagine the different pattern (motif) for place enamel on glass sheet.Pattern can be single and whole for cover glass sheet material repeatedly.

Described enamel is for example fractal (fractale) how much.

According to another feature, the boundary of dark space is expanded and delimited to described enamel discontinuously, and described dark space is especially dispersed in geometry pattern on song and/or straight line, the length (large-size) being especially at least centimetre.

Advantageously, surround be even toning (aplat) enamel (thereby with the dot pattern net of millimeter vertex type on the contrary, it is complete section), length (more large scale) especially at least centimetre.

Surround can covering surfaces a part; thereby reserve at least one first dark space; that is to say ， clear area, non-surround (clear saturating glass pane etc.) or by opaque and/or painted cover layer, select described dark space especially again or among the silver-plated portion formed echo area, the especially minute surface that are for example covered by oxidized protective paint.

Described minute surface is the SGG Miralite product of for example SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS company, has oxidation protection paint, and wherein the silver-plated portion of minute surface is positioned on the face identical with enamel or on opposite face.As modification, described minute surface is based on chromium, and such as the SGG Mirastar product of SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS company, wherein chromium is being loaded with on the glass surface of enamel or on the face relative with the face that is loaded with enamel.

Breadth Maximum can preferably be less than 200mm, even be less than or equal to 100mm, in particular for reserving important surface, dark space, wherein said width corresponding to this (with form likely) the minimal surface size of surround.Described width is constant or variable.

Surround can be the external zones of the face of the first glass sheet, especially along at least one edge of glass surface and according to for example at least one band or lines (dessin), and dark space is more central (and farther from diode), and/or described equipment comprises a plurality of surrounds on a face that is distributed on the first glass sheet.

In the situation that for the ornamental area of dark space, preferably this district is farther from diode according to area pellucida, to avoid light absorption.

As modification, surround can be in the given area of glass, and described given area is central area for example, and dark space can be more peripheral.

Enamel can be lip-deep pantostrat, its width is less than 200mm, is even less than 100mm and is more preferably less than or equal to 50mm, or discontinuous and formed by fine pattern collection (ensemble de motifs fins), its width (minimum dimension of pattern) is less than 200mm, is even less than 100mm and is also more preferably less than or equal to 50mm.

Described pattern is for example how much: straight line or curved bel, concentric circles, L shaped etc.Described pattern is identical or different, and it is parallel or non-parallel each other, and it has identical or different distance each other.

According to another feature, enamel is white, presents at least 50 the clear L of degree thoroughly ^*.Known to parameter L ^*, a ^*and b ^*defined enamel color is measured by spectrocolorimeter.

According to a feature, enamel has following composition:

-SiO ₂weight between 20 and 60%,

-TiO especially ₂, especially the weight of the fire-resistant spike (pigment) of particle size is 10 to 45%,

The weight of-aluminium oxide and/or zinc oxide is preferably not more than 20%.

In preferred exemplary, composition is as follows:

-SiO ₂weight between 20 and 60%, be preferably 45% the order of magnitude,

-TiO ₂weight be 10 to 45%, be preferably 20% the order of magnitude,

The weight of-ZnO is not more than 10%, is preferably 5% the order of magnitude,

-Al ₂o ₃weight be not more than 10%, be preferably 3% the order of magnitude,

The weight of-one or more oxides is until 30%, the Na such as 5 to 25% ₂o, at the most 5% K ₂o and at the most 5% CaO.

Preferably, enamel is deposited on the first glass sheet by serigraphy and/or by ink-jet.

After being deposited, enamel stands the roasting between the temperature of 640 and 710 ℃ in stove, makes the first glass sheet reach the temperature being included between 630 and 700 ℃.

The temperature of preferably adjusting roasting be used for reaching be preferably at least 15, even 20 again or 30(light unit) brightness.

Advantageously, described diode is placed so that side by the first glass sheet, along two parallel opposite sides, injects light.As example, described diode can be positioned on the side as framework whole of glass substrate.

According to another feature of equipment, described equipment comprises being furnished with for the fixing section bar of the groove of diode, and glass sheet is relatively settled and be connected to described section bar with side.

Advantageously, when measurement is under D65 illuminator, has when performed on the glass sheet of parallel surface of 4mm thickness, the first glass sheet is strong based on having, at least 85% light transmissive glass.Preferably, it is called as super clear glass by relating to, such as by the SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS commercial DIAMANT of company ^?glass or solar energy DIAMANT ^?glass.

Especially having deposited formula (formulation) (preparing glass charge (fritte) etc.) for enamel, afterwards, the glass of equipment can be quenched, for presenting better mechanical strength.

Can be according to one or more patterns that are designed to obtain effect attractive in appearance described enamel that distributes.Can for example imagine its printing corresponding to picture, such as the calligraphy of one or more words.

Lighting apparatus of the present invention is for example used as function light source and is used to all types of purposes.As example, glassing is used to:

The glassing of-building, as illumination building surface, illuminating window, ceiling light, illumination floor or wall, the illumination door that is equipped with glass, illumination partition board, lighting ceiling, the step of stair, handrail, guardrail, sales counter,

-haulage vehicle, as the side window glass of illumination or be equipped with glass illumination top or illuminating window or rear auto window, be equipped with the illumination door of glass, especially specific transportation, such as automobile, truck or public transportation, such as train, subway, tramcar, bus is waterborne or aerial vehicle (aircraft)

-road or city illumination,

The glassing of-city movable property, as the illumination section that is equipped with glass in bus shelter, guardrail, display rack, show window, screen work, greenhouse,

The glassing of-inner furnishings, as the illumination section that is equipped with glass of the illumination wooden partition in bathroom, illumination minute surface, furniture,

The part that is equipped with glass, the especially door that-family expenses or specialty refrigeration are equipped, screen work, the lid that is equipped with glass.

For the show window illumination in dividing plate, screen work, shop or company place, enamel and the geometry of combination of transparent surface that is equipped with glass are advantageously corresponding to the sign of company.

Enamel according to the present invention presents following advantage, is lasting, mar-proof and chemically-resistant product.So the lighting apparatus of conception be suitable for indoor and outdoors the two.

Accompanying drawing explanation

By means of just illustrating, limit anything but the example of the scope of the invention and describe the present invention according to appended explanation now, wherein:

-Fig. 1 to 3 expression is respectively according to monolithic glass, laminated glazing and dual glassing schematic section view application, equipment of the present invention;

-Fig. 4 a to 4d explanation is for arranging the diagrammatic top view of the phase strain type of enamel;

-Fig. 5 a to 5f is the top view of equipment of the present invention, shows the example for the different pattern of enamel layer;

-Fig. 6 explanation is for the brightness curve of example of the present invention and two comparative example.

The specific embodiment

The schematic views of Fig. 1 to 3 explanation lighting apparatus of the present invention or light source 1, described lighting apparatus or light source 1 comprise sheet material or substrate 2, formation light emitting source and the electroluminescent diode (DEL) 3 of relatively arranging with glass side and the light diffusing device 4 consisting of enamel of at least one glass system.

The lighting apparatus of Fig. 1 comprises monolithic glass, and the laminated devices of Fig. 2 comprises two

glass substrate

2A and 2B, and described two

glass substrate

2A and 2B are assembled by plastic interlayer 6, and described plastic interlayer 6 is such as PVB sheet material.

The equipment of Fig. 3, as dual glassing or insulation glassing, comprises that its intermediate gap is realized by spacer 8 by two separated glass substrate 2A of air gap (lame de gaz) 7 and 2B.

Each

glass substrate

2,2A or 2B have conventionally relative two faces 20 and 21 and side 22.

According to the present invention, DEL 3 is placed so that along at arrow F illustrated in fig. 1, preferably its light is injected in the direction of glass side along two relative parallel sides.

Described DEL is put in section bar (profil é) 5, and described section bar 5 herein number is two, is associated separately, and presents the U-shaped lateral cross section that turns to glass substrate with one of substrate side.

Realize in a known way section bar 5 is attached to (one or more) glass substrate.Herein, the U of each section bar overlaps mutually with corresponding glass sheet.

Size (length and the width) purposes that is suitable for producing thus of illumination glassing, and the number of diode because of but depend on described size.

Illumination glassing can be contained any geometry that is suitable for desired design, therefore not necessarily based on rectangle or foursquare.

Described DEL 3 is positioned on the carrier 30 as one kind consisting of row's plate (barrette) or on printed circuit board (PCB).No matter with the described carrier of plate or row's plate form known in English, be named as PCB, it is the abbreviation of printed circuit board (PCB) (Printed Circuit Board).

Each section bar 5 comprises groove 50, due to hookup mechanism, has fixed the carrier 30 as one kind of DEL in described groove 50, and described hookup mechanism depends on used bearer type.

Each diode 3 is relative with glass side 22 and preferably in adjacent place immediately, such as the separating distance of 1mm.

According to the present invention, diffusing device 4 is placed with one of face against one of glass glass 2 or laminated devices 2A.

For monolithic glass, diffusing device 4 is disposed on the face 21 with respect to face 20, light from described 20, according to being advantageously extracted for the diffusion of lambert's type (represented by ball G symbol among Fig. 1, wherein observer is 20 relative with described).

In fact, according to the present invention, selected enamel allows the light diffusion of lambert's type by its inherent feature, particularly its brightness, the not elite any specific direction of the light diffusion of described lambert's type, but on the contrary, no matter viewing angle ground diffusion in all directions in space, makes observer obtain the illumination of homogeneity in space.

Enamel is by its surface 40 relative with the face 21 of glass, form on the one hand diffuse reflection surface, for being reflected in an opposite direction a part of light to face 20, and form on the other hand diffuse transmission surface, for another part light passing towards glass outer from enamel.

For laminated devices, be disposed on

glass substrate

2A or 2B diffusing device 4 indistinctions, yet described diffusing device 4 is the faces 21 that are positioned in for being associated with PVB, be namely positioned in lighting apparatus inner rather than with respect on one of outside glass surface.

Diffusing device does not need simultaneously on the face 21 of the first substrate 2A and on the face 21 of the second substrate 2B.Inventor unexpectedly illustrates, and illumination is not stronger (important) thus.

Such as be positioned in single of glass upper and in the inside of stratiform, the light quantity of extracting from the face 20 of the first substrate 2A is identical with the light quantity of the face 20 from the second substrate 2B.

Stratiform lighting apparatus thereby present following advantage, from its each face as much throw light on.

According to the present invention, therefore diffusing device 4 is consisted of enamel, this enamel cover glass sheet material not according to full surface whole, described enamel is arranged especially discontinuously or according to the geometry of disperseing, and the geometry of described dispersion is called as enamel pattern.

The thickness of enamel is included between 10 μ m and 50 μ m, for example, be the order of magnitude of 15 μ m.

Described enamel is preferably very white.Its clear L of degree thoroughly ^*preferably be at least 50.

In described equipment, surround is corresponding to enamel layer and glass surface corresponding to relative with enamel, however dark space corresponding to the surface adjacent with enamel, described surface belongs to the glass surface that deposits enamel thereon.

Surround can covering surfaces a part; thereby reserve at least one first dark space; that is to say non-surround; in clear area, described dark space is selected again or among the formed mirror area of silver-plated portion for example being covered by oxidized protective paint by (clear saturating glass pane etc.) or the district of being decorated by opaque and/or painted cover layer, and wherein said silver-plated portion is deposited on exterior face.

The guiding in glass should not disturbed in described one or more dark space.

Described surround can be peripheral, especially along the edge of glassing, and dark space is more central, or vice versa.

The illumination application that is used as target will be depended in the arrangement of enamel or location.In the situation that not being exhaustive and as example, Fig. 4 a to 4d illustrates different layout.

In Fig. 4 a, (forming grey by dotted line) enamel 4 is distributed according to external surrounding frame, and central area is dark.Described dark space can be transparent and/or minute surface or decoration.

Fig. 4 b is illustrated in the enamel 4 of central area, and dark space is peripheral transparent and/or mirror area.Described enamel can be rendered as the form of sign, characteristic (signal é tique) etc.

Fig. 4 c illustrates Liang Ge enamel district 4, the illumination light belt that described Liang Ge enamel district 4 is 40mm corresponding to for example width, and the remainder (dark space) on surface is transparent.

The application (Commonly Used Size of door, 2460mm takes advantage of 960mm) of Fig. 4 d explanation illumination door, enamel 4 is distributed according to being positioned at a plurality of frames each other, and each frame presents different in width.Described pattern obtains the outward appearance of frid (moulure) type.

Fig. 5 a to 5e is illustrated in the non-limiting example of the pattern of the enamel 4 of realizing on the glass sheet of 1200mm * 300mm size.The pattern of enamel 4 (surround) is corresponding to the black color pattern in Fig. 5 a to 5e.

On the contrary, in Fig. 5 f, not by district that enamel covered corresponding to black color pattern, white colour district is corresponding to enamel 4.

Described pattern presents song or straight line, has variable-width and length.Described pattern can present any geometry.Each glass sheet can comprise single pattern, and described single pattern is similarly reappeared repeatedly for cover glass surface.

Interval between described enamel pattern is adapted to the size of glass sheet.The size of glass sheet is larger, and the pattern that do not make preferably is too close, so that each pattern is propagated and arrived continuously to light with respect to whole surface.

Described enamel can partly evenly be mixed colours and expand continuously and intactly according at least one on glass, and for example its width is less than 200mm, is even less than 100mm and is also more preferably less than or equal to 50mm.

As modification, enamel layer can be discontinuous, and it expands on the glass surface of all or part, and described enamel layer formed by following evenly toning collection institute, and described even toning collection forms pattern narrow and that for example extend.Each pattern is arranged in following surface, and the minimum dimension on described surface is less than 200mm, is even less than 100mm and is also more preferably less than or equal to 50mm.

By being reproduced on glass surface whole with equidistant interval, described pattern can be identical and such as illustrated in Fig. 5 a and 5b.

As example, the pattern of Fig. 5 a is arranged in following surface, the width on described surface

for the pattern of 29mm and Fig. 5 b presents the width of 63mm

.Spacing distance between adjacent two patterns substrate longitudinally on equal the d1 of 38mm(Fig. 5 a) or correspondingly equal the d2 of 72.5mm(Fig. 5 b).

Fig. 5 c illustrates another example by the formed pattern of circular arc, and described circular arc is removed in the direction at center from substrate edge and is concentric.This pattern can be expanded on whole glass surface.In this is realized, described circular arc presents variable-width (reduced size) and its spacing distance is also variable.As example, with respect to Fig. 5 c, reference dimension is as follows, and the width of circular arc and spacing distance dwindle in the direction in the center of circle:

=19mm,

=29mm, d3=84mm, d4=55mm, d5=10mm.

Fig. 5 d also illustrates and is respectively variable-sized rectangle, that be striped or is by separated foursquare other pattern form of not enameled cross with 5f.

Described enamel can be deposited on glass substrate.Its composition is for example as follows:

-SiO between 20 and 50% ₂, be preferably 45% the order of magnitude,

-10 to 40% TiO ₂, be preferably 20% the order of magnitude,

-be not more than 10% ZnO, be preferably 5% the order of magnitude,

-be not more than 10% Al ₂o ₃, be preferably 3% the order of magnitude,

-until one or more oxides of 20%, the Na such as 5 to 20% ₂o, at the most 5% K ₂o and at the most 5% CAO.

The example forming as enamel, can quote by FERRO company the enamel of the commercial Ferro of being named as 194002, and it has following composition:

-43.84% SiO ₂,

-23.51% TiO ₂,

-6.11% ZnO,

-2.81% Al ₂o ₃,

-18.71% Na ₂o,

-2.51% K ₂o,

-1.85% CaO.

Described enamel is by being deposited with associated with glassy phase with usual way by standing calcination steps by serigraphy and/or by ink-jet.

As the example for product F erro 194002, roasting condition is as follows:

The temperature of-stove: between 640 and 710 ℃, be preferably the order of magnitude of 680 ℃,

The temperature of-glass substrate: between 630 and 700 ℃, be preferably the order of magnitude of 660 ℃,

-after roasting for the heat time that may quench of glass: 135s.

Preparing glass charge (SiO ₂) and fire-resistant spike (TiO ₂or ZnO) ratio will advantageously be combined for improving the fusibleness of enamel and contributing to form enough materials of large (or low-porosity) of density.This density allow enamel especially fulfil its by light the optimal function to outside diffusion.

Compared test for respect to being equipped with separately the different glass equipment of (particularly thering is high alumina content) different enamel of porous to be illustrated in the illumination performance in the equipment situation of the present invention that comprises Ferro 194002 enamel.For example of the present invention and comparative example, described enamel distributes according to identical set.

Comparative example 1 comprises 30% preparing glass charge and 70% aluminium oxide.

Comparative example 2 comprises 60% preparing glass charge and 40% aluminium oxide.

The viscosity of layer is applicable to be deposited by serigraphy.

The glass substrate using in test is diamond (Diamant) glass of the 3mm thickness of Saint-Gobain glass.

By what provide the light extracting for face 20 sides from glass on the one hand and the light extracting for the face that is equipped with enamel 21 sides from glass on the other hand for monolithic glass, (glass normal) 0 °, sentence cd/m ²for the measurement of the mean flow rate of unit, following Table I explanation comparative example:

Table I

?	Ferro 194002	Comparative example 1	Comparative example 2
				Glass surface 20 sides	2000	1200	1000
Face 21 sides of enamel are equipped with	1100	1040	900

The illumination of discovery in the situation that of enamel of the present invention is approximately that the twice of illumination of any enamel is bright.

By for laminated glazing, provide on the one hand for be equipped with the glass of enamel and on the other hand for other glass for the light of the outside place extraction in the every side of laminated devices with cd/m ²for the measurement of the high-high brightness of unit, following Table II explanation comparative example:

Table II

?	Ferro 194002	Comparative example 1	Comparative example 2
				For the face 20 that is equipped with the glass of enamel	2070	1600	830
Face 20 for exposed glass	1970	1640	820

Also for laminated devices, find illumination significantly improving according to the coefficient between 1.2 and 2.5 herein.

Derive from the illumination of equipment of the present invention thereby bright especially, be simultaneously homogeneity and very not dazzling.

In addition, equipment of the present invention presents the diffusion of lambert's type, no matter that is to say the viewing angle of illumination surface, brightness is substantial constant.

Thereby Fig. 6 illustrates the high-high brightness of each equipment according to the viewing angle between 0 and 60 °.Find, the brightness of equipment of the present invention is substantial constant, at about 6000cd/m ², described brightness is for the comparative example size of angle and improving according to the observation.

Finally, it is 20 times of high brightness of brightness of comparative example that the above equipment of example of the present invention advantageously presents, and larger optical density (OD), obtains for clean and for the greater tolerance of cut.Following Table III is that example of the present invention and comparative example 1 are summarized about brightness, optical density (OD), the compatibility with cleaning products, " cut " test, color measuring (L ^*, a ^*, b ^*) a plurality of values.

Make it possible to evaluate the chemical resistance of enamel to three races's household products with clean compatibility test: soap (for example conventional soap based on potassium oleate), alcohol (for example ethanol) and ammoniacal liquor (for example Vigor product).For example sample is quenched at least 30 minutes, even at least 1 hour.

Before test and realize afterwards in the aspect of the face that is being equipped with on the one hand enamel and on the other hand the glass colour on opposite face measure (L ^*, a ^*, b ^*).By for example spectrocolorimeter of Minolta CM600D instrument, measured the color of enamel.

By means of mobile on enamel, apply there for each test and all realize " cut " test or the patience test to cut in the tip of equal power simultaneously.The hardometer pen that use is sold by Elcometer, its have 0.75mm diameter, by the tip of tungsten carbide system.

By means of Tobias TQ Density Measuring Instrument, measure optical density (OD).Use from the MICRO-TRI-GLOSS 4430 brightness instrument of Byk-Gardner and measure brightness:

Table III

In " cut " test, after this tip process, on enamel surface, should be visible without any cut.Yet in the situation that applied force is 10N, cut is visible in comparative example 1.For 10N and the power of 20N even, on enamel according to the present invention, without any cut, be visible.

In addition, by means of the cotton of soaking into distilled water, observe intuitively the wettability of water on enamel.With respect to enamel, comparative example 1 has the wettability of non-constant, water infiltration and leave blotch on enamel.

Example of the present invention and comparative example stand the test with cleaning products compatibility.Confirmed is the resistance to soap of equipment (example of the present invention), ethanol-tolerant and the resistance to ammoniacal liquor (Delta E is less than 1.4) with enamel " Ferro 194002 ", and comparative example 1 ethanol-tolerant, but according to being transformed into grayish color, it presents outward appearance and changes (Delta E=2.6) when contacting with soap, and when contacting with ammoniacal liquor, presents outward appearance change (Delta E=6.3).Remind, known basis is before clean test and afterwards to L ^*, a ^*, b ^*measurement calculate Delta E.If Delta E is greater than 1.4, color change is visible.

Other example that enamel forms can be reserved for equipment of the present invention: the institute of enamel ，You JM company by the commercial Ferro of being named as 194011 of institute of FERRO company is commercial with reference to AF5000, by Pemco commercial with reference to VV30-244-1.Following Table IV is summarized the key component of every kind of enamel:

As expressed above, inventor has proved that the brightness of composition and character present all its importance.

Brightness is lower, and enamel is more porous and the therefore easy water that absorbs after roasting, makes more degradable of described enamel.

Spike TiO ₂make enamel enough opaque (at the visual enamel of off status) and reduction TL.

Thereby example of the present invention (Ferro 194011, Ferro 194002 and JM AF 5000, Pemco VV30-244-1 RA) is very white, has and is greater than 20 brightness and presents the low light transmission that is less than 40%.Ferro 194011, Ferro 194002 and JM AF 5000 have the light transmission TL that is less than 35%.

Claims

1. a lighting apparatus, it comprises that at least one has the first and second relative main faces (20, 21) and the first glass sheet (2 of side (22), 2A, 2B), provide illumination functions and wherein light emitting surface be optically coupled the side (22) of the first glass sheet thereby form the electroluminescent diode (3) of photoconduction and guarantee the extraction of guided light and be disposed in the diffusing device (4) on one of the first or second main face (21), described diffusing device defines one or more surrounds, described diffusing device covers face whole of the first glass sheet not according to full surface, it is characterized in that described diffusing device is the enamel with the brightness that is greater than 15.

2. lighting apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described enamel has the brightness that is more than or equal to 20 or 30.

3. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described enamel has at least 0.6, even at least 0.8 optical density (OD).

4. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described enamel is scratch resistant, especially not by 10N, even the tip in the situation of the power of 20N apply scratch.

5. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described enamel is chemically resistance to cleaning products, especially soap, alcohol and ammoniacal liquor, especially after clean, there is no color change, particularly it has the ratio colo(u)r bias Delta E that is less than 1.4.

6. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described equipment has and at least equals 1000cd/m ², preferably at least equal 2000cd/m ², 3000cd/m even ²brightness.

7. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described enamel makes in surround, in the brightness at normal place and be included in 0 and 45 °, even the absolute value deviation between the brightness at the angle place between 60 ° is less than at least 30%, even 20% or 10%, obtains the particularly illumination of lambert's type.

8. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described lighting apparatus only includes single glass sheet material (2), and described glass sheet is equipped with face (21) the formation face relative with the face (20) of main, the even unique illuminated area of forming device of enamel.

9. according to the lighting apparatus described in any one in claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described lighting apparatus forms multiple glassing, described multiple glassing comprises the second glass sheet and the inner space between the first and second sheet materials in addition, and described enamel is on the inner face of the first glass sheet.

10. according to the lighting apparatus described in any one in claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described lighting apparatus forms stratiform glassing, layered glassing comprises the first glass sheet, the second glass sheet (2A, 2B) and plastic middle sheet material (6), described enamel (4) is disposed in the inside, upper at the face (21) relative with plastic sheet (6) of the first glass sheet of stratiform, and described diode is for example centered by the side of stratiform glassing or with the first sheet material, even the side of the second sheet material is relative.

11. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, the first glass sheet that is added with enamel presents and is less than 45% even 40% light transmission.

12. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, the thickness of described enamel is no more than 100 μ m, is preferably included between 8 μ m and 40 μ m, the order of magnitude of 15 μ m in particular.

13. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described enamel preferably on a face of the first glass sheet whole discontinuously, especially according to being dispersed in the geometry on song and/or straight line, expand.

14. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, the boundary of dark space is expanded and delimited to described enamel discontinuously, and described dark space is especially dispersed in the pattern of the geometry on song and/or straight line, the length being especially at least centimetre.

15. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, surround is the even enamel of toning, the length being especially at least centimetre.

16. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, surround is adjacent with function dark space, wherein in clear area, select described function dark space among especially forming the echo area of minute surface and ornamental area.

17. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, especially the surround of band or lines is in the external zones of the face of the first glass sheet, described dark space is more central, and/or described lighting apparatus comprises a plurality of surrounds on a face that is distributed in the first glass sheet.

18. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described enamel (4) is white, and it is by least 50 the clear L of degree thoroughly ^*institute defines.

19. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described enamel (4) has following composition:

-SiO ₂weight between 20 and 60%,

-fire-resistant spike, especially Ti ₂the weight of O is 10 to 45%.

20. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described enamel (4) has following composition:

-SiO ₂weight between 20 and 60%, be preferably 45% the order of magnitude,

-TiO ₂weight be 10 to 45%, be preferably 20% the order of magnitude,

21. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described enamel (4) is deposited on the first glass sheet by serigraphy and/or by ink-jet.

22. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described enamel (4), after being deposited, stands the roasting between the temperature between 640 and 710 ℃ in stove, makes the first glass sheet reach the temperature being included between 630 and 700 ℃.

23. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, the glass especially with enamel is quenched.

24. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, diode (3) is placed so that side (22) by the first glass sheet, along two parallel opposite sides, injects light.

25. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, when measurement be under D65 illuminator, have on the glass sheet of parallel surface of 4mm thickness, carry out time, the first glass sheet is strong based on having, at least 85% light transmissive glass.

26. according to lighting apparatus in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described lighting apparatus is used as function light source and is used to all types of purposes, and described glassing is especially used to:

-road or city illumination,