CN103580429A

CN103580429A - Asynchronous starting method of half magnetic sheet type permanent-magnet synchronous motor

Info

Publication number: CN103580429A
Application number: CN201310587363.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨志伟; 孟祥利; 赵晓东
Original assignee: DALIAN DONGLI WEIYE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND ENERGY SAVING TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: Foshan City Shunde District Heng Ao Micro Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-11-21
Filing date: 2013-11-21
Publication date: 2014-02-12
Anticipated expiration: 2033-11-21
Also published as: CN103580429B

Abstract

The invention provides an asynchronous starting method of a half magnetic sheet type permanent-magnet synchronous motor, and relates to the method capable of achieving asynchronous starting and pole-changing speed-changing of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor. In an asynchronous starting link, in a pair of magnetic poles in a rotor component of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor, only one permanent magnet is utilized to serve as one of the magnetic poles, a rotor iron core salient pole is utilized to serve as the other one of the magnetic poles, and mouse cage guiding bars in the rotor iron core salient pole are utilized to cut a magnetic line of force of a stator rotating magnetic field to produce asynchronous starting torque. In a pole-changing speed-changing link, the characteristic that the rotor iron core salient pole and a rotor step-shaped groove are magnetically permeable and have no fixed magnetic poles is utilized, when the number of the magnetic poles of the stator rotating magnetic field is changed, under the action of a stator addition magnetic field, the position of the magnetic pole, except the permanent magnet, of the pair of the magnetic poles of the rotor component can be switched between the rotor iron core salient pole and the rotor step-shaped groove, the rotor component can be automatically adapted to the number of the magnetic poles of the motor, and pole-changing speed-changing of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor is achieved.

Description

Half magnetic sheet permanent magnet synchronous motor asynchronous starting method

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of half magnetic sheet permanent magnet synchronous motor asynchronous starting method, and it relates to a kind of method that is applied to permanent magnet synchronous motor, particularly relate to a kind of can asynchronous starting and the method for the permanent magnet synchronous motor of pole-changing windings.

Background technology

The advantage that AC asynchronous motor has is simple in structure, cost is low.In the total installation of generating capacity of AC asynchronous motor, small-sized AC asynchronous motor accounts for more than 70%.These motor are mainly used in the supporting of blower fan, pump class, compressor apparatus.The efficiency of AC asynchronous motor is lower, and the efficiency of small-sized AC asynchronous motor is extremely low, in 50% left and right.Compare with AC asynchronous motor, the power factor of permanent magnet synchronous motor is high, energy-saving effect is remarkable, so permanent magnet synchronous motor replaces AC asynchronous motor just gradually, becomes main flow motor.Common permanent magnet synchronous motor cannot self-starting, need to configure frequency converter, and common permanent magnet synchronous motor configuration frequency converter can infinitely variable speeds, but cost is higher.Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor does not need to configure frequency converter, can under energy-conservation prerequisite, reduce equipment cost.Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor can not speed change when not configuring frequency converter.National standard < < GB/T25303 weaving special efficient rate permanent magnet synchronous motor technical conditions > > and < < GB/T22711 high-efficiency three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor technical conditions > > separate provision a kind of self-starting permasyn motor that is applicable to textile industry and oil-field oil pumper.Permanent magnet synchronous motor in two standards all adopts built-in rotor, built-in rotor complex structure, and discomfort is fit to do the motor of small dimension, so be not less than the small power motor specification of 1.1kw in two standards.

The supporting small-sized AC asynchronous motor of household electrical appliance that the electric fan of take is representative, conventionally need step speed change within the specific limits, fan motor generally adopts stator winding to have tapped AC asynchronous motor, by changing the stator winding mode of connection reduction motor winding terminal voltage of different gears, carries out speed change.This kind of method has the advantage that cost is low, but is not suitable for the speed change of permanent magnet synchronous motor.A kind of miniature motor cheaply of selling market active demand power-saving technologies such as household electrical appliance.

The big-and-middle-sized AC asynchronous motor that the two-speed motor that the oil field beam pumping unit of take is adopted is representative, generally adopts pole-changing windings, and the mouse cage winding of AC asynchronous motor can adapt to converting motor magnetic pole number of poles automatically.Surface-type rotor and the built-in rotor of tradition permanent magnet synchronous motor all cannot adapt to converting motor magnetic pole number of poles automatically, and therefore, traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor technology cannot adopt pole-changing windings.

Summary of the invention

The defect that the object of the invention is to overcome conventional small permanent magnet synchronous motor cannot self-starting, can not pole-changing windings, provide a kind of can asynchronous starting and the method that is applicable to minitype permanent magnetism synchronous motor of pole-changing windings.Embodiment of the present invention are as follows:

The total feature of the present invention is that half magnetic sheet permanent magnet synchronous motor asynchronous starting method comprises asynchronous starting link and pole-changing windings link.In asynchronous starting link, in a pair of magnetic pole of rotor part of permanent magnet synchronous motor, only use a permanent magnet as a magnetic pole, and utilize rotor core salient pole as another one magnetic pole, by the magnetic line of force of the mouse cage sliver cutting stator rotating magnetic field in rotor core salient pole, produce asynchronous starting torque, the rotor part rotating speed that pulls in.

In pole-changing windings link, in stator rotating magnetic field, can not produce stator complementary field with the interactional magnetic pole of the stator of rotor permanent magnet poles.In a pair of magnetic pole of rotor part of permanent magnet synchronous motor, only use a permanent magnet as a magnetic pole, and utilize rotor core salient pole as another one magnetic pole, between adjacent rotor core salient pole and the rotor core groove below permanent magnet, it is rotor step trough, utilize rotor core salient pole and rotor step trough magnetic conduction but there is no the feature of fixed magnetic pole polarity, when stator rotating magnetic field changes magnetic pole number of poles, under the effect of stator complementary field, position of magnetic pole in a pair of magnetic pole of rotor part outside permanent magnet, can between rotor core salient pole and rotor step trough, change, make rotor part can automatically adapt to converting motor magnetic pole number of poles, realize the pole-changing windings of permanent magnet synchronous motor.

The internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor that does not need pole-changing windings, uniform several internal rotor iron core grooves of internal rotor core exterior surface of its inner rotor part, the quantity of internal rotor iron core groove is half of motor poles number of poles.It between internal rotor iron core groove, is internal rotor iron core salient pole, uniform several outer ring mouse cage slivers below internal rotor iron core salient pole, uniform several inner ring mouse cage slivers below internal rotor iron core groove, whole outer ring mouse cage slivers and the two ends of inner ring mouse cage sliver respectively have an internal rotor cage ring to link together.In a pair of magnetic pole of inner rotor part, only use an internal rotor permanent-magnetic body as a magnetic pole, and utilize internal rotor iron core salient pole as another one magnetic pole, at each internal rotor iron core groove, paste internal rotor permanent-magnetic body, in same inner rotor part, the pole polarity of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body is identical, and the circular arc external surface of each internal rotor permanent-magnetic body is the N utmost point, or is all the S utmost point.When internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor starts, the magnetic line of force of outer ring mouse cage sliver and inner ring mouse cage sliver cutting external stator rotating magnetic field produces asynchronous starting torque, the inner rotor part rotating speed that pulls in.Internal rotor iron core salient pole outer surface is salient pole air gap to the air gap of external stator inner surface, and internal rotor permanent-magnetic external surface is permanent magnet air gap to the air gap of external stator inner surface, and salient pole gas length is less than or equal to permanent magnet gas length.

Do not need the magnetic line of force path of the internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings to be: the inner rotor part magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body, through permanent magnet air gap, enter in external stator core, the magnetic line of force is again from external stator core inner surface corresponding to internal rotor iron core salient pole, through salient pole air gap, enter in internal rotor iron core respectively, the magnetic line of force is walked around from outer ring mouse cage sliver and inner ring mouse cage sliver outside, by internal rotor iron core groove, got back to the circular arc inner surface of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body, form closed-loop path.Magnetic line of force path, resultant magnetic field during the synchronous operation of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor is identical with inner rotor part magnetic line of force path.During the synchronous operation of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor, the opposite pole of the magnetic pole of inner rotor part and external stator rotating magnetic field attracts each other, and produces synchronous torque.

In asynchronous starting link, the process of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor asynchronous starting is, the a certain moment of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor starting, the N utmost point of inner rotor part aligns with the S utmost point space angle of external stator, the S utmost point of inner rotor part aligns with the N utmost point space angle of external stator, external stator rotating magnetic field is rotated according to stator field direction of rotation, between external stator rotating magnetic field and inner rotor part, there is speed discrepancy, the magnetic line of force of outer ring mouse cage sliver and inner ring mouse cage sliver cutting external stator rotating magnetic field produces induced current, vertical outside induced current merges together in internal rotor cage ring with vertical inside induced current, form closed-loop path.Induced current produces asynchronous starting torque makes inner rotor part according to rotor direction rotation.When turning over 45° angle between external stator rotating magnetic field and inner rotor part, the N of external stator rotating magnetic field magnetic flux extremely over half passes salient pole air gap, by way of the less internal rotor iron core salient pole of magnetic resistance, through salient pole air gap, get back to the S utmost point of external stator rotating magnetic field, the asynchronous starting torque maximum producing on the mouse cage sliver of outer ring again.Along with the speed discrepancy between external stator rotating magnetic field and inner rotor part reduces, the asynchronous starting torque producing on the mouse cage sliver of outer ring diminishes, until inner rotor part equates with the rotating speed of external stator rotating magnetic field, inner rotor part is pulled into synchronous speed, asynchronous starting torque is zero, and internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor enters run-in synchronism state.

The outer rotor permanent magnet motor that does not need pole-changing windings, uniform several outer rotor iron core grooves of outer rotor iron core inner surface of its external rotor parts, the quantity of outer rotor iron core groove is half of motor poles number of poles.Between outer rotor iron core groove, be outer rotor iron core salient pole, uniform several external rotor mouse cage slivers below outer rotor iron core salient pole.Outer rotor iron core outer ledge corresponding to outer rotor iron core salient pole position has mouse cage reversing plate, and each mouse cage reversing plate respectively has an external rotor cage ring to link together with the two ends of contiguous one group of external rotor mouse cage sliver.Outside in a pair of magnetic pole of rotor part, only use an outer rotor permanent magnet as a magnetic pole, and utilize outer rotor iron core salient pole as another one magnetic pole, at each outer rotor iron core groove, paste outer rotor permanent magnet, in same external rotor parts, the pole polarity of outer rotor permanent magnet is identical, and the circular arc external surface of each outer rotor permanent magnet is the N utmost point, or is all the S utmost point.When outer rotor permanent magnet motor starts, the magnetic line of force of external rotor mouse cage sliver cutting internal stator rotating magnetic field produces asynchronous starting torque, the external rotor parts rotating speed that pulls in.Outer rotor iron core salient pole inner surface is salient pole air gap to the air gap of internal stator outer surface, and outer rotor permanent magnet inner surface is permanent magnet air gap to the air gap of internal stator outer surface, and salient pole gas length is less than or equal to permanent magnet gas length.

Do not need the magnetic line of force path of the outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings to be, the external rotor parts magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of external rotor permanent magnet external surface, by outer rotor iron core groove, entered in outer rotor iron core, the magnetic line of force is walked around from external rotor mouse cage sliver outside respectively, by outer rotor iron core salient pole place, through salient pole air gap, entered in internal stator, the magnetic line of force is again from inner-stator iron core outer surface corresponding to outer rotor permanent magnet, through permanent magnet air gap, get back to respectively the S utmost point of outer rotor permanent magnet, form closed-loop path.Magnetic line of force path, resultant magnetic field during outer rotor permanent magnet motor synchronous operation is identical with external rotor parts magnetic line of force path.During outer rotor permanent magnet motor synchronous operation, the opposite pole of the magnetic pole of external rotor parts and internal stator rotating magnetic field attracts each other, and produces synchronous torque.

In asynchronous starting link, the process of outer rotor permanent magnet motor asynchronous starting is, the a certain moment of outer rotor permanent magnet motor starting, the N utmost point of external rotor parts aligns with the S utmost point space angle of internal stator, the S utmost point of external rotor parts aligns with the N utmost point space angle of internal stator, internal stator rotating magnetic field is rotated according to stator field direction of rotation, between internal stator rotating magnetic field and external rotor parts, there is speed discrepancy, the magnetic line of force of external rotor mouse cage sliver cutting internal stator rotating magnetic field produces induced current, the external rotor cage ring of vertical outside induced current in external rotor mouse cage sliver one end merges together and flows into mouse cage reversing plate, the vertical inside induced current flowing out from mouse cage reversing plate is through the external rotor cage ring of the external rotor mouse cage sliver other end, vertical outside faradic induced current is finally got back to external rotor mouse cage sliver and is formed closed-loop path.Induced current produces asynchronous starting torque makes external rotor parts according to rotor direction rotation.

When turning over 45° angle between internal stator rotating magnetic field and external rotor parts, the N of internal stator rotating magnetic field magnetic flux extremely over half passes salient pole air gap, by way of the less outer rotor iron core salient pole of magnetic resistance, through salient pole air gap, get back to the S utmost point of internal stator rotating magnetic field, the asynchronous starting torque maximum producing on external rotor mouse cage sliver again.Now, outer rotor iron core salient pole is the magnetic line of force of the external rotor mouse cage sliver cutting internal stator rotating magnetic field of front side counterclockwise, the inductive current direction producing becomes vertical inside induced current, outer rotor iron core salient pole is the magnetic line of force of the external rotor mouse cage sliver cutting internal stator rotating magnetic field of rear side counterclockwise, the inductive current direction producing is still vertical outside induced current, the induced current opposite sign but equal magnitude of two groups, external rotor cage ring through external rotor mouse cage sliver two ends merges together respectively, and forms closed-loop path.Induced current produces asynchronous starting torque continues according to rotor direction rotation external rotor parts.

When turning over 65 ° of angles between internal stator rotating magnetic field and external rotor parts, the outer rotor iron core salient pole vertical inside induced current that counterclockwise the external rotor mouse cage sliver of front side produces, be greater than the outer rotor iron core salient pole vertical outside induced current that counterclockwise the external rotor mouse cage sliver of rear side produces, the vertical inside induced current and whole vertical outside induced currents of a part, external rotor cage ring through external rotor mouse cage sliver two ends merges together respectively, and forms closed-loop path.The external rotor cage ring of remaining vertical inside induced current in external rotor mouse cage sliver one end merges together and flows into mouse cage reversing plate, the vertical outside induced current flowing out from mouse cage reversing plate is through the external rotor cage ring of the external rotor mouse cage sliver other end, and remaining vertical inside induced current is finally got back to external rotor mouse cage sliver and formed closed-loop path.Induced current produces asynchronous starting torque continues according to rotor direction rotation external rotor parts.Along with the speed discrepancy between internal stator rotating magnetic field and external rotor parts reduces, the asynchronous starting torque producing on external rotor mouse cage sliver diminishes, until external rotor parts equate with the rotating speed of internal stator rotating magnetic field, external rotor parts are pulled into synchronous speed, asynchronous starting torque is zero, and outer rotor permanent magnet motor enters run-in synchronism state.

Half magnetic sheet permanent magnet synchronous motor asynchronous starting method can make permanent magnet synchronous motor become two-speed motor by pole-changing windings.The rotating ratio of two-speed motor equals motor poles and counts inverse ratio.What number of magnetic poles was large is slow-speed of revolution number of magnetic poles, and what number of magnetic poles was little is high rotating speed number of magnetic poles.The number of magnetic poles ratio of conventional two-speed motor is 2 utmost point/4 utmost points and 4 utmost point/8 utmost points.

Need the external stator magnetic pole winding of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings uniform according to slow-speed of revolution number of magnetic poles, permanent magnet synchronous motor is when high rotating speed operation, the external stator magnetic pole winding of energising is uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, according to the uniform external stator magnetic pole of high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, being external stator core benchmark magnetic pole, is external stator core speed change magnetic pole between two adjacent external stator core benchmark magnetic poles.Permanent magnet synchronous motor when the operation of high rotating speed, the magnetic pole winding no power of external stator core speed change magnetic pole, external stator core speed change magnetic pole does not produce rotating magnetic field.Permanent magnet synchronous motor is when the slow-speed of revolution moves, and the magnetic pole winding of the magnetic pole winding of external stator core speed change magnetic pole and external stator core benchmark magnetic pole is switched on, and external stator core speed change magnetic pole and external stator core benchmark magnetic pole produce rotating magnetic field jointly.By changing the mode of connection of external stator magnetic pole winding, make the magnetic pole of external stator produce respectively high rotating speed rotating magnetic field or slow-speed of revolution rotating magnetic field.

Need the position of magnetic pole of inner rotor part of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, the radian that each inner rotor part magnetic pole takies calculates according to slow-speed of revolution number of magnetic poles.Uniform several internal rotor iron core grooves of internal rotor core exterior surface of inner rotor part, the quantity of internal rotor iron core groove is half of the high rotating speed number of magnetic poles of motor.Between internal rotor iron core groove, being internal rotor iron core salient pole, is internal rotor step trough between adjacent internal rotor iron core groove and internal rotor iron core salient pole.Each internal rotor step trough, internal rotor iron core groove and internal rotor iron core salient pole take the radian of a magnetic pole.Uniform several outer ring mouse cage slivers below internal rotor iron core salient pole and internal rotor step trough, uniform several inner ring mouse cage slivers below internal rotor iron core groove, whole outer ring mouse cage slivers and the two ends of inner ring mouse cage sliver respectively have an internal rotor cage ring to link together.In a pair of magnetic pole of inner rotor part, only use an internal rotor permanent-magnetic body as a magnetic pole, and utilize internal rotor iron core salient pole as another one magnetic pole, at each internal rotor iron core groove, paste internal rotor permanent-magnetic body, in same inner rotor part, the pole polarity of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body is identical, and the circular arc external surface of each internal rotor permanent-magnetic body is the N utmost point, or is all the S utmost point.When internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor starts, the magnetic line of force of outer ring mouse cage sliver and inner ring mouse cage sliver cutting external stator rotating magnetic field produces asynchronous starting torque, the inner rotor part rotating speed that pulls in.Internal rotor iron core salient pole outer surface is salient pole air gap to the air gap of external stator inner surface, and internal rotor step trough outer surface is step trough air gap to the air gap of external stator inner surface, and internal rotor permanent-magnetic external surface to the air gap of external stator inner surface is permanent magnet air gap.Need the salient pole gas length of the internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings to be less than step trough gas length, step trough gas length is less than or equal to permanent magnet gas length.

The internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor that needs pole-changing windings, when high synchronization operation, magnetic line of force path is: the inner rotor part magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body, through permanent magnet air gap, enter in external stator 1 iron core, the magnetic line of force is again from external stator core inner surface corresponding to the internal rotor iron core salient pole of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body both sides, through salient pole air gap, enter in internal rotor iron core respectively, the magnetic line of force is walked around from outer ring mouse cage sliver and inner ring mouse cage sliver outside, by internal rotor iron core groove, got back to the circular arc inner surface of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body, form closed-loop path.The resultant magnetic field magnetic line of force path of the internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor that needs pole-changing windings when high synchronization operation is identical with inner rotor part magnetic line of force path.Need the internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings when high synchronization operation, the opposite pole of the magnetic pole of inner rotor part and external stator rotating magnetic field attracts each other, and produces synchronous torque.

The internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor that needs pole-changing windings, when slow-speed of revolution synchronous operation, inner rotor part magnetic line of force path is: the inner rotor part magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body, through permanent magnet air gap, enter in external stator core, the magnetic line of force is again from external stator core speed change magnetic pole inner surface corresponding to the internal rotor step trough of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body both sides, through step trough air gap, enter in internal rotor iron core respectively, the magnetic line of force is walked around from outer ring mouse cage sliver and inner ring mouse cage sliver outside, by internal rotor iron core groove, got back to the circular arc inner surface of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body, form closed-loop path.The magnetic pole of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body with and at magnetic pole corresponding to internal rotor step trough, attract each other with the opposite pole of external stator rotating magnetic field, produce synchronous torque.

The internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor that needs pole-changing windings, when slow-speed of revolution synchronous operation in external stator rotating magnetic field, the external stator magnetic pole that internal rotor iron core salient pole is corresponding, do not produce stator complementary field with the magnetic pole interaction of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body, the magnetic line of force path of stator complementary field is: the stator complementary field magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of external stator core speed change magnetic pole, through step trough air gap, enter in internal rotor iron core, the magnetic line of force is walked around from outer ring mouse cage sliver outside, by internal rotor iron core salient pole place, through salient pole air gap, entered in external stator core, from the S utmost point of external stator core benchmark magnetic pole, get back to external stator core speed change magnetic pole again, form closed-loop path.Internal rotor iron core salient pole itself now does not produce magnetic field, and the magnetic line of force of stator complementary field is closed along the path of magnetic resistance minimum, and stator complementary field and internal rotor iron core salient pole interact and produce reluctance torque.

Need the internal stator magnetic pole winding of outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings uniform according to slow-speed of revolution number of magnetic poles, permanent magnet synchronous motor is when high rotating speed operation, the internal stator magnetic pole winding of energising is uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, according to the uniform internal stator magnetic pole of high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, being inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic pole, is inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole between two adjacent inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic poles.Permanent magnet synchronous motor when the operation of high rotating speed, the magnetic pole winding no power of inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole, inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole does not produce rotating magnetic field.Permanent magnet synchronous motor is when the slow-speed of revolution moves, and the magnetic pole winding of the magnetic pole winding of inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole and inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic pole is switched on, and inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole and inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic pole produce rotating magnetic field jointly.By changing the mode of connection of internal stator magnetic pole winding, make the magnetic pole of internal stator produce respectively high rotating speed rotating magnetic field or slow-speed of revolution rotating magnetic field.

Need the position of magnetic pole of external rotor parts of outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, the radian that each external rotor parts magnetic pole takies calculates according to slow-speed of revolution number of magnetic poles.Uniform several outer rotor iron core grooves of outer rotor iron core inner surface of external rotor parts, the quantity of outer rotor iron core groove is half of the high rotating speed number of magnetic poles of motor.Between outer rotor iron core groove, being outer rotor iron core salient pole, is external rotor step trough between adjacent outer rotor iron core groove and outer rotor iron core salient pole.Each external rotor step trough, outer rotor iron core groove and outer rotor iron core salient pole take the radian of a magnetic pole.Uniform several external rotor mouse cage slivers below outer rotor iron core salient pole and external rotor step trough.Outer rotor iron core outer ledge corresponding to outer rotor iron core salient pole position has mouse cage reversing plate, and each mouse cage reversing plate respectively has an external rotor cage ring to link together with the two ends of contiguous one group of external rotor mouse cage sliver.Outside in a pair of magnetic pole of rotor part, only use an outer rotor permanent magnet as a magnetic pole, and utilize outer rotor iron core salient pole as another one magnetic pole, at each outer rotor iron core groove, paste outer rotor permanent magnet, in same external rotor parts, the pole polarity of outer rotor permanent magnet is identical, and the circular arc external surface of each outer rotor permanent magnet is the N utmost point, or is all the S utmost point.When outer rotor permanent magnet motor starts, the magnetic line of force of external rotor mouse cage sliver cutting internal stator rotating magnetic field produces asynchronous starting torque, the external rotor parts rotating speed that pulls in.Outer rotor iron core salient pole inner surface is salient pole air gap to the air gap of internal stator outer surface, and external rotor step trough inner surface is step trough air gap to the air gap of internal stator outer surface, and outer rotor permanent magnet inner surface to the air gap of internal stator outer surface is permanent magnet air gap.Need the salient pole gas length of the outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings to be less than step trough gas length, step trough gas length is less than or equal to permanent magnet gas length.

The outer rotor permanent magnet motor that needs pole-changing windings, when high synchronization operation, magnetic line of force path is: the external rotor parts magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of external rotor permanent magnet external surface, by outer rotor iron core groove, entered in outer rotor iron core, the magnetic line of force is walked around from external rotor mouse cage sliver outside respectively, by outer rotor iron core salient pole place, through salient pole air gap, entered in internal stator, the magnetic line of force is again from inner-stator iron core outer surface corresponding to outer rotor permanent magnet, through permanent magnet air gap, get back to respectively the S utmost point of outer rotor permanent magnet, form closed-loop path.The resultant magnetic field magnetic line of force path of the outer rotor permanent magnet motor that needs pole-changing windings when high synchronization operation is identical with external rotor parts magnetic line of force path.Need the outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings when high synchronization operation, the opposite pole of the magnetic pole of external rotor parts and internal stator rotating magnetic field attracts each other, and produces synchronous torque.

The outer rotor permanent magnet motor that needs pole-changing windings, when slow-speed of revolution synchronous operation, external rotor parts magnetic line of force path is: the external rotor parts magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of outer rotor permanent magnet, by outer rotor iron core groove, entered in outer rotor iron core, the magnetic line of force is walked around from external rotor mouse cage sliver outside respectively, external rotor step trough place by outer rotor permanent magnet both sides enters inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole place through step trough air gap, the magnetic line of force is got back to the S utmost point of outer rotor permanent magnet from inner-stator iron core outer surface corresponding to outer rotor permanent magnet again through permanent magnet air gap, form closed-loop path.The magnetic pole of outer rotor permanent magnet with and magnetic pole corresponding to rotor step trough outside, attract each other with the opposite pole of internal stator rotating magnetic field, produce synchronous torque.

The outer rotor permanent magnet motor that needs pole-changing windings, when slow-speed of revolution synchronous operation in internal stator rotating magnetic field, the internal stator magnetic pole that outer rotor iron core salient pole is corresponding, do not produce stator complementary field with the magnetic pole interaction of outer rotor permanent magnet, the magnetic line of force path of stator complementary field is: the stator complementary field magnetic line of force is set out by the S utmost point of inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole, the N utmost point through inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic pole, through salient pole air gap, enter in outer rotor iron core again, the magnetic line of force is walked around from external rotor mouse cage sliver outside, by outer rotor iron core salient pole, enter external rotor step trough place, the magnetic line of force is got back to the S utmost point of inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole through step trough air gap, form closed-loop path.Outer rotor iron core salient pole now itself does not produce magnetic field, and the magnetic line of force of stator complementary field is closed along the path of magnetic resistance minimum, and stator complementary field and outer rotor iron core salient pole interact and produce reluctance torque.

In half magnetic sheet permanent magnet synchronous motor asynchronous starting method, inner rotor part and external rotor modular construction are simple, and permanent magnet consumption is few, suitablely make middle small dimension permanent magnet synchronous motor.Asynchronous starting and pole-changing windings have reduced electric motor control device cost, and synchronous operation has improved motor operational efficiency.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Figure of description is the schematic diagram of half magnetic sheet permanent magnet synchronous motor asynchronous starting method.Wherein Fig. 1 is while not needing half magnetic sheet internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor starting of pole-changing windings, the inductive current direction schematic diagram of a certain moment mouse cage sliver, and rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 4 utmost points.Fig. 2 is magnetic line of force path, the resultant magnetic field schematic diagram while not needing half magnetic sheet internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor synchronous operation of pole-changing windings, and rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 4 utmost points.Fig. 3 is while not needing half magnetic sheet internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor starting of pole-changing windings, the inductive current direction schematic diagram of mouse cage sliver while turning over 45° angle from a certain moment, and rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 4 utmost points.Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that does not need half magnetic sheet internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings, and rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 8 utmost points.Schematic diagram when Fig. 5 is the high synchronization of the half magnetic sheet internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor operation of pole-changing windings, rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 4 utmost points.Magnetic line of force path, resultant magnetic field schematic diagram when Fig. 6 is the high synchronization of the half magnetic sheet internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor operation of pole-changing windings, rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 4 utmost points.Schematic diagram when Fig. 7 is half magnetic sheet internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor slow-speed of revolution synchronous operation of pole-changing windings, rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 8 utmost points.Magnetic line of force path, resultant magnetic field schematic diagram when Fig. 8 is half magnetic sheet internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor slow-speed of revolution synchronous operation of pole-changing windings, rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 8 utmost points.

Fig. 9 is while not needing half magnetic sheet outer rotor permanent magnet motor starting of pole-changing windings, the inductive current direction schematic diagram of a certain moment mouse cage sliver, and rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 4 utmost points.Figure 10 is magnetic line of force path, the resultant magnetic field schematic diagram while not needing half magnetic sheet outer rotor permanent magnet motor synchronous operation of pole-changing windings, and rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 4 utmost points.Figure 11 is while not needing half magnetic sheet outer rotor permanent magnet motor starting of pole-changing windings, the inductive current direction schematic diagram of mouse cage sliver while turning over 45° angle from a certain moment, and rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 4 utmost points.Figure 12 is while not needing half magnetic sheet outer rotor permanent magnet motor starting of pole-changing windings, the inductive current direction schematic diagram of mouse cage sliver while turning over 65 ° of angles from a certain moment, and rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 4 utmost points.Figure 13 is the schematic diagram that does not need half magnetic sheet outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings, and rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 8 utmost points.Schematic diagram when Figure 14 is the high synchronization of the half magnetic sheet outer rotor permanent magnet motor operation of pole-changing windings, rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 4 utmost points.Magnetic line of force path, resultant magnetic field schematic diagram when Figure 15 is the high synchronization of the half magnetic sheet outer rotor permanent magnet motor operation of pole-changing windings, rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 4 utmost points.Schematic diagram when Figure 16 is half magnetic sheet outer rotor permanent magnet motor slow-speed of revolution synchronous operation of pole-changing windings, rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 8 utmost points.Magnetic line of force path, resultant magnetic field schematic diagram when Figure 17 is half magnetic sheet outer rotor permanent magnet motor slow-speed of revolution synchronous operation of pole-changing windings, rotor and magnetic pole of the stator are 8 utmost points.In Fig. 1 to Figure 17, N and S represent pole polarity.

Figure acceptance of the bid is marked with external stator 1, outer ring mouse cage sliver 2, internal rotor iron core salient pole 3, internal rotor iron core groove 4, internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5, inner ring mouse cage sliver 6, rotor direction 7, stator field direction of rotation 8, rotor permanent magnet magnetic direction 9, magnetic line of force path 10, internal rotor step trough 11, external stator core speed change magnetic pole 12, mouse cage reversing plate 13, external rotor mouse cage sliver 14, outer rotor iron core groove 15, outer rotor iron core salient pole 16, outer rotor permanent magnet 17, internal stator 18, external rotor step trough 19, inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole 20, vertical outside induced current 21, vertical inside induced current 22, stator complementary field direction 23, internal rotor iron core 24, outer rotor iron core 25.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is done to further narration.

With reference to Fig. 1, do not need the internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings, uniform several internal rotor iron core grooves 4 of internal rotor iron core 24 outer surfaces of its inner rotor part, the quantity of internal rotor iron core groove 4 is half of motor poles number of poles.It between internal rotor iron core groove 4, is internal rotor iron core salient pole 3, internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 is uniform several outer ring mouse cage slivers 2 below, internal rotor iron core groove 4 is uniform several inner ring mouse cage slivers 6 below, and whole outer ring mouse cage slivers 2 and the two ends of inner ring mouse cage sliver 6 respectively have an internal rotor cage ring to link together.In a pair of magnetic pole of inner rotor part, only use an internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5 as a magnetic pole, and utilize internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 as another one magnetic pole, at each internal rotor iron core groove 4 place, paste internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5, in same inner rotor part, the pole polarity of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5 is identical, and the circular arc external surface of each internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5 is N utmost points, or is all the S utmost point.When internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor starts, the magnetic line of force of outer ring mouse cage sliver 2 and inner ring mouse cage sliver 6 cutting external stator 1 rotating magnetic fields produces asynchronous starting torque, the inner rotor part rotating speed that pulls in.Internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 outer surfaces are salient pole air gaps to the air gap of external stator 1 inner surface, and internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5 outer surfaces are permanent magnet air gaps to the air gap of external stator 1 inner surface, and salient pole gas length is less than or equal to permanent magnet gas length.

With reference to Fig. 2, do not need the magnetic line of force path of the internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings to be: the inner rotor part magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5, through permanent magnet air gap, enter in external stator 1 iron core, the magnetic line of force is again from the external stator 1 iron core inner surface of internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 correspondences, through salient pole air gap, enter in internal rotor iron core 24 respectively, the magnetic line of force is walked around from outer ring mouse cage sliver 2 and inner ring mouse cage sliver 6 outsides, by internal rotor iron core groove 4 places, got back to the circular arc inner surface of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5, form closed-loop path.Magnetic line of force path, resultant magnetic field during the synchronous operation of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor is identical with inner rotor part magnetic line of force path.During the synchronous operation of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor, the opposite pole of the magnetic pole of inner rotor part and external stator 1 rotating magnetic field attracts each other, and produces synchronous torque.

With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, in asynchronous starting link, the process of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor asynchronous starting is, the a certain moment of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor starting, the N utmost point of inner rotor part aligns with the S utmost point space angle of external stator 1, the S utmost point of inner rotor part aligns with the N utmost point space angle of external stator 1, external stator 1 rotating magnetic field is according to 8 rotations of stator field direction of rotation, between external stator 1 rotating magnetic field and inner rotor part, there is speed discrepancy, the magnetic line of force of outer ring mouse cage sliver 2 and inner ring mouse cage sliver 6 cutting external stator 1 rotating magnetic fields produces induced current, vertical outside induced current 21 merges together in internal rotor cage ring with vertical inside induced current 22, form closed-loop path.Induced current produces asynchronous starting torque makes inner rotor part according to 7 rotations of rotor direction.When turning over 45° angle between external stator 1 rotating magnetic field and inner rotor part, the N magnetic flux extremely over half of external stator 1 rotating magnetic field passes salient pole air gap, by way of the less internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 of magnetic resistance, through salient pole air gap, get back to the S utmost point of external stator 1 rotating magnetic field again, the asynchronous starting torque maximum producing on outer ring mouse cage sliver 2.Along with the speed discrepancy between external stator 1 rotating magnetic field and inner rotor part reduces, the asynchronous starting torque producing on outer ring mouse cage sliver 2 diminishes, until inner rotor part equates with the rotating speed of external stator 1 rotating magnetic field, inner rotor part is pulled into synchronous speed, asynchronous starting torque is zero, and internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor enters run-in synchronism state.

With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, in half magnetic sheet permanent magnet synchronous motor asynchronous starting method, the inner rotor part structural similarity of the internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of two utmost points, four utmost points, sextupole, the ends of the earth or more multipole number, difference is only the difference of number of magnetic poles.

With reference to Fig. 9, do not need the outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings, uniform several outer rotor iron core grooves 15 of outer rotor iron core 25 inner surfaces of its external rotor parts, the quantity of outer rotor iron core groove 15 is half of motor poles number of poles.Between outer rotor iron core groove 15, be outer rotor iron core salient pole 16, uniform several external rotor mouse cage slivers 14 below outer rotor iron core salient pole 16.Outer rotor iron core 25 outer ledges corresponding to outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 positions have mouse cage reversing plate 13, and each mouse cage reversing plate 13 respectively has an external rotor cage ring to link together with the two ends of contiguous one group of external rotor mouse cage sliver 14.Outside in a pair of magnetic pole of rotor part, only use an outer rotor permanent magnet 17 as a magnetic pole, and utilize outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 as another one magnetic pole, at each outer rotor iron core groove 15 place, paste outer rotor permanent magnet 17, in same external rotor parts, the pole polarity of outer rotor permanent magnet 17 is identical, and the circular arc external surface of each outer rotor permanent magnet 17 is N utmost points, or is all the S utmost point.When outer rotor permanent magnet motor starts, the magnetic line of force of external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 cutting internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields produces asynchronous starting torque, the external rotor parts rotating speed that pulls in.Outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 inner surfaces are salient pole air gaps to the air gap of internal stator 18 outer surfaces, and outer rotor permanent magnet 17 inner surfaces are permanent magnet air gaps to the air gap of internal stator 18 outer surfaces, and salient pole gas length is less than or equal to permanent magnet gas length.

With reference to Figure 10, do not need the magnetic line of force path of the outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings to be, the external rotor parts magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of outer rotor permanent magnet 17 outer surfaces, by outer rotor iron core groove 15 places, entered in outer rotor iron core 25, the magnetic line of force is walked around from external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 outsides respectively, by outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 places, through salient pole air gap, entered in internal stator 18, the magnetic line of force is again from internal stator 18 core exterior surface of outer rotor permanent magnet 17 correspondences, through permanent magnet air gap, get back to respectively the S utmost point of outer rotor permanent magnet 17, form closed-loop path.Magnetic line of force path, resultant magnetic field during outer rotor permanent magnet motor synchronous operation is identical with external rotor parts magnetic line of force path.During outer rotor permanent magnet motor synchronous operation, the opposite pole of the magnetic pole of external rotor parts and internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields attracts each other, and produces synchronous torque.

With reference to Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 11 and Figure 12, in asynchronous starting link, the process of outer rotor permanent magnet motor asynchronous starting is, the a certain moment of outer rotor permanent magnet motor starting, the N utmost point of external rotor parts aligns with the S utmost point space angle of internal stator 18, the S utmost point of external rotor parts aligns with the N utmost point space angle of internal stator 18, internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields are according to 8 rotations of stator field direction of rotation, between internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields and external rotor parts, there is speed discrepancy, the magnetic line of force of external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 cutting internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields produces induced current, the external rotor cage ring of vertical outside induced current 21 in external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 one end merges together and flows into mouse cage reversing plate 13, the vertical inside induced current 22 flowing out from mouse cage reversing plate 13 is through the external rotor cage ring of external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 other ends, the induced current of vertical outside induced current 21 is finally got back to external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 and is formed closed-loop path.Induced current produces asynchronous starting torque makes external rotor parts according to 7 rotations of rotor direction.

When turning over 45° angle between internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields and external rotor parts, the N magnetic flux extremely over half of internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields passes salient pole air gap, by way of the less outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 of magnetic resistance, through salient pole air gap, get back to the S utmost point of internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields again, the asynchronous starting torque maximum producing on external rotor mouse cage sliver 14.Now, outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 is the magnetic line of force of external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 cutting internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields of front side counterclockwise, the inductive current direction producing becomes vertical inside induced current 22, outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 is the magnetic line of force of external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 cutting internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields of rear side counterclockwise, the inductive current direction producing is still vertical outside induced current 21, the induced current opposite sign but equal magnitude of two groups, external rotor cage ring through external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 two ends merges together respectively, and form closed-loop path.Induced current produces asynchronous starting torque continues according to 7 rotations of rotor direction external rotor parts.

When turning over 65 ° of angles between internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields and external rotor parts, the outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 vertical inside induced current 22 that counterclockwise the external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 of front side produces, be greater than the outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 vertical outside induced current 21 that counterclockwise the external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 of rear side produces, the vertical inside induced current 22 and whole vertical outside induced currents 21 of a part, external rotor cage ring through external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 two ends merges together respectively, and forms closed-loop path.The external rotor cage ring of remaining vertical inside induced current 22 in external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 one end merges together and flows into mouse cage reversing plate 13, the vertical outside induced current 21 flowing out from mouse cage reversing plate 13 is through the external rotor cage ring of external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 other ends, and remaining vertical inside induced current 22 is finally got back to external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 and formed closed-loop path.Induced current produces asynchronous starting torque continues according to 7 rotations of rotor direction external rotor parts.Along with the speed discrepancy between internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields and external rotor parts reduces, the asynchronous starting torque producing on external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 diminishes, until external rotor parts equate with the rotating speed of internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields, external rotor parts are pulled into synchronous speed, asynchronous starting torque is zero, and outer rotor permanent magnet motor enters run-in synchronism state.

With reference to Figure 13, in half magnetic sheet permanent magnet synchronous motor asynchronous starting method, the external rotor modular construction of the outer rotor permanent magnet motor of two utmost points, four utmost points, sextupole, the ends of the earth or more multipole number is similar, and difference is only the difference of number of magnetic poles.

With reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, need the external stator 1 magnetic pole winding of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings uniform according to slow-speed of revolution number of magnetic poles, permanent magnet synchronous motor is when high rotating speed operation, the external stator 1 magnetic pole winding of energising is uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, according to uniform external stator 1 magnetic pole of high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, being external stator core benchmark magnetic pole, is external stator core speed change magnetic pole 12 between two adjacent external stator core benchmark magnetic poles.Permanent magnet synchronous motor when the operation of high rotating speed, the magnetic pole winding no power of external stator core speed change magnetic pole 12, external stator core speed change magnetic pole 12 does not produce rotating magnetic field.Permanent magnet synchronous motor is when the slow-speed of revolution moves, and the magnetic pole winding of the magnetic pole winding of external stator core speed change magnetic pole 12 and external stator core benchmark magnetic pole is switched on, and external stator core speed change magnetic pole 12 and external stator core benchmark magnetic pole produce rotating magnetic field jointly.By changing the mode of connection of external stator 1 magnetic pole winding, make the magnetic pole of external stator 1 produce respectively high rotating speed rotating magnetic field or slow-speed of revolution rotating magnetic field.

Need the position of magnetic pole of inner rotor part of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, the radian that each inner rotor part magnetic pole takies calculates according to slow-speed of revolution number of magnetic poles.Uniform several internal rotor iron core grooves 4 of internal rotor iron core 24 outer surfaces of inner rotor part, the quantity of internal rotor iron core groove 4 is half of the high rotating speed number of magnetic poles of motor.Between internal rotor iron core groove 4, being internal rotor iron core salient pole 3, is internal rotor step trough 11 between adjacent internal rotor iron core groove 4 and internal rotor iron core salient pole 3.Each internal rotor step trough 11, internal rotor iron core groove 4 and internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 take the radian of a magnetic pole.Uniform several outer ring mouse cage slivers 2 below internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 and internal rotor step trough 11, uniform several inner ring mouse cage slivers 6 below internal rotor iron core groove 4, whole outer ring mouse cage slivers 2 and the two ends of inner ring mouse cage sliver 6 respectively have an internal rotor cage ring to link together.In a pair of magnetic pole of inner rotor part, only use an internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5 as a magnetic pole, and utilize internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 as another one magnetic pole, at each internal rotor iron core groove 4 place, paste internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5, in same inner rotor part, the pole polarity of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5 is identical, and the circular arc external surface of each internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5 is N utmost points, or is all the S utmost point.When internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor starts, the magnetic line of force of outer ring mouse cage sliver 2 and inner ring mouse cage sliver 6 cutting external stator 1 rotating magnetic fields produces asynchronous starting torque, the inner rotor part rotating speed that pulls in.Internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 outer surfaces to the air gap of external stator 1 inner surface is salient pole air gap, internal rotor step trough 11 outer surfaces are step trough air gaps to the air gap of external stator 1 inner surface, and internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5 outer surfaces to the air gap of external stator 1 inner surface is permanent magnet air gap.Need the salient pole gas length of the internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings to be less than step trough gas length, step trough gas length is less than or equal to permanent magnet gas length.

With reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor that needs pole-changing windings, when high synchronization operation, magnetic line of force path is: the inner rotor part magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5, through permanent magnet air gap, enter in external stator 1 iron core, the magnetic line of force is again from the external stator 1 iron core inner surface of internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 correspondences of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5 both sides, through salient pole air gap, enter in internal rotor iron core 24 respectively, the magnetic line of force is walked around from outer ring mouse cage sliver 2 and inner ring mouse cage sliver 6 outsides, by internal rotor iron core groove 4 places, got back to the circular arc inner surface of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5, form closed-loop path.The resultant magnetic field magnetic line of force path of the internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor that needs pole-changing windings when high synchronization operation is identical with inner rotor part magnetic line of force path.Need the internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings when high synchronization operation, the opposite pole of the magnetic pole of inner rotor part and external stator 1 rotating magnetic field attracts each other, and produces synchronous torque.

With reference to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor that needs pole-changing windings, when slow-speed of revolution synchronous operation, inner rotor part magnetic line of force path is: the inner rotor part magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5, through permanent magnet air gap, enter in external stator 1 iron core, the magnetic line of force is again from external stator core speed change magnetic pole 12 inner surfaces of internal rotor step trough 11 correspondences of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5 both sides, through step trough air gap, enter in internal rotor iron core 24 respectively, the magnetic line of force is walked around from outer ring mouse cage sliver 2 and inner ring mouse cage sliver 6 outsides, by internal rotor iron core groove 4 places, got back to the circular arc inner surface of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5, form closed-loop path.The magnetic pole of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5 with and at the magnetic pole of internal rotor step trough 11 correspondences, attract each other with the opposite pole of external stator 1 rotating magnetic field, produce synchronous torque.

The internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor that needs pole-changing windings, when slow-speed of revolution synchronous operation in external stator 1 rotating magnetic field, external stator 1 magnetic pole of internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 correspondences, do not produce stator complementary field with the magnetic pole interaction of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body 5, the magnetic line of force path of stator complementary field is: the stator complementary field magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of external stator core speed change magnetic pole 12, through step trough air gap, enter in internal rotor iron core 24, the magnetic line of force is walked around from mouse cage sliver 2 outsides, outer ring, by internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 places, through salient pole air gap, entered in external stator 1 iron core, from the S utmost point of external stator core benchmark magnetic pole, get back to external stator core speed change magnetic pole 12 again, form closed-loop path.Internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 now itself does not produce magnetic field, and the magnetic line of force of stator complementary field is closed along the path of magnetic resistance minimum, and stator complementary field and internal rotor iron core salient pole 3 interact and produce reluctance torque.

In half magnetic sheet permanent magnet synchronous motor asynchronous starting method, need the inner rotor part structural similarity of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of two utmost points, four utmost points, the ends of the earth or the more multipole number of pole-changing windings, difference is only the difference of number of magnetic poles.

With reference to Figure 14 and Figure 16, need the internal stator 18 magnetic pole windings of outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings uniform according to slow-speed of revolution number of magnetic poles, permanent magnet synchronous motor is when high rotating speed operation, the internal stator 18 magnetic pole windings of energising are uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, according to uniform internal stator 18 magnetic poles of high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, being inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic poles, is inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole 20 between two adjacent inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic poles.Permanent magnet synchronous motor when the operation of high rotating speed, the magnetic pole winding no power of inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole 20, inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole 20 does not produce rotating magnetic field.Permanent magnet synchronous motor is when the slow-speed of revolution moves, and the magnetic pole winding of the magnetic pole winding of inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole 20 and inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic pole is switched on, and inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole 20 and inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic pole produce rotating magnetic field jointly.By changing the mode of connection of internal stator 18 magnetic pole windings, make the magnetic pole of internal stator 18 produce respectively high rotating speed rotating magnetic field or slow-speed of revolution rotating magnetic field.

Need the position of magnetic pole of external rotor parts of outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, the radian that each external rotor parts magnetic pole takies calculates according to slow-speed of revolution number of magnetic poles.Uniform several outer rotor iron core grooves 15 of outer rotor iron core 25 inner surfaces of external rotor parts, the quantity of outer rotor iron core groove 15 is half of the high rotating speed number of magnetic poles of motor.Between outer rotor iron core groove 15, being outer rotor iron core salient pole 16, is external rotor step trough 19 between adjacent outer rotor iron core groove 15 and outer rotor iron core salient pole 16.Each external rotor step trough 19, outer rotor iron core groove 15 and outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 take the radian of a magnetic pole.Uniform several external rotor mouse cage slivers 14 below outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 and external rotor step trough 19.Outer rotor iron core 25 outer ledges corresponding to outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 positions have mouse cage reversing plate 13, and each mouse cage reversing plate 13 respectively has an external rotor cage ring to link together with the two ends of contiguous one group of external rotor mouse cage sliver 14.Outside in a pair of magnetic pole of rotor part, only use an outer rotor permanent magnet 17 as a magnetic pole, and utilize outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 as another one magnetic pole, at each outer rotor iron core groove 15 place, paste outer rotor permanent magnet 17, in same external rotor parts, the pole polarity of outer rotor permanent magnet 17 is identical, and the circular arc external surface of each outer rotor permanent magnet 17 is N utmost points, or is all the S utmost point.When outer rotor permanent magnet motor starts, the magnetic line of force of external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 cutting internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields produces asynchronous starting torque, the external rotor parts rotating speed that pulls in.Outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 inner surfaces to the air gap of internal stator 18 outer surfaces is salient pole air gaps, external rotor step trough 19 inner surfaces are step trough air gaps to the air gap of internal stator 18 outer surfaces, and outer rotor permanent magnet 17 inner surfaces to the air gap of internal stator 18 outer surfaces is permanent magnet air gaps.Need the salient pole gas length of the outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings to be less than step trough gas length, step trough gas length is less than or equal to permanent magnet gas length.

In half magnetic sheet permanent magnet synchronous motor asynchronous starting method, need the external rotor modular construction of outer rotor permanent magnet motor of two utmost points, four utmost points, the ends of the earth or more multipole number of pole-changing windings similar, difference is only the difference of number of magnetic poles.

With reference to Figure 14 and Figure 15, the outer rotor permanent magnet motor that needs pole-changing windings, when high synchronization operation, magnetic line of force path is: the external rotor parts magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of outer rotor permanent magnet 17 outer surfaces, by outer rotor iron core groove 15 places, entered in outer rotor iron core 25, the magnetic line of force is walked around from external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 outsides respectively, by outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 places, through salient pole air gap, entered in internal stator 18, the magnetic line of force is again from internal stator 18 core exterior surface of outer rotor permanent magnet 17 correspondences, through permanent magnet air gap, get back to respectively the S utmost point of outer rotor permanent magnet 17, form closed-loop path.The resultant magnetic field magnetic line of force path of the outer rotor permanent magnet motor that needs pole-changing windings when high synchronization operation is identical with external rotor parts magnetic line of force path.Need the outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings when high synchronization operation, the opposite pole of the magnetic pole of external rotor parts and internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields attracts each other, and produces synchronous torque.

With reference to Figure 16 and Figure 17, the outer rotor permanent magnet motor that needs pole-changing windings, when slow-speed of revolution synchronous operation, external rotor parts magnetic line of force path is: the external rotor parts magnetic line of force is set out by the N utmost point of outer rotor permanent magnet 17, by outer rotor iron core groove 15 places, entered in outer rotor iron core 25, the magnetic line of force is walked around from external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 outsides respectively, external rotor step trough 19 places by outer rotor permanent magnet 17 both sides enter inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole 20 places through step trough air gap, the magnetic line of force is got back to the S utmost point of outer rotor permanent magnet 17 from internal stator 18 core exterior surface of outer rotor permanent magnet 17 correspondences again through permanent magnet air gap, form closed-loop path.The magnetic pole of outer rotor permanent magnet 17 with and the magnetic pole of rotor step trough 19 correspondences outside, attract each other with the opposite pole of internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields, produce synchronous torque.

The outer rotor permanent magnet motor that needs pole-changing windings, when slow-speed of revolution synchronous operation in internal stator 18 rotating magnetic fields, internal stator 18 magnetic poles of outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 correspondences, do not produce stator complementary field with the magnetic pole interaction of outer rotor permanent magnet 17, the magnetic line of force path of stator complementary field is: the stator complementary field magnetic line of force is set out by the S utmost point of inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole 20, the N utmost point through inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic pole, through salient pole air gap, enter in outer rotor iron core 25 again, the magnetic line of force is walked around from external rotor mouse cage sliver 14 outsides, by outer rotor iron core salient pole 16, enter external rotor step trough 19 places, the magnetic line of force is got back to the S utmost point of inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole 20 through step trough air gap, form closed-loop path.Outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 now itself does not produce magnetic field, and the magnetic line of force of stator complementary field is closed along the path of magnetic resistance minimum, and stator complementary field and outer rotor iron core salient pole 16 interact and produce reluctance torque.

Claims

1. a half magnetic sheet permanent magnet synchronous motor asynchronous starting method, is characterized in that half magnetic sheet permanent magnet synchronous motor asynchronous starting method comprises asynchronous starting link and pole-changing windings link; In asynchronous starting link, in a pair of magnetic pole of rotor part of permanent magnet synchronous motor, only use a permanent magnet as a magnetic pole, and utilize rotor core salient pole as another one magnetic pole, by the magnetic line of force of the mouse cage sliver cutting stator rotating magnetic field in rotor core salient pole, produce asynchronous starting torque, the rotor part rotating speed that pulls in;

The internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor that does not need pole-changing windings, uniform several internal rotor iron core grooves (4) of internal rotor iron core (24) outer surface of its inner rotor part, the quantity of internal rotor iron core groove (4) is half of motor poles number of poles; It between internal rotor iron core groove (4), is internal rotor iron core salient pole (3), internal rotor iron core salient pole (3) is uniform several outer ring mouse cage slivers (2) below, internal rotor iron core groove (4) is uniform several inner ring mouse cage slivers (6) below, and whole outer ring mouse cage slivers (2) and the two ends of inner ring mouse cage sliver (6) respectively have an internal rotor cage ring to link together; In a pair of magnetic pole of inner rotor part, only use an internal rotor permanent-magnetic body (5) as a magnetic pole, and utilize internal rotor iron core salient pole (3) as another one magnetic pole, at each internal rotor iron core groove (4), locate to paste internal rotor permanent-magnetic body (5), in same inner rotor part, the pole polarity of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body (5) is identical, and the circular arc external surface of each internal rotor permanent-magnetic body (5) is the N utmost point, or is all the S utmost point; When internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor starts, the magnetic line of force of outer ring mouse cage sliver (2) and inner ring mouse cage sliver (6) cutting external stator (1) rotating magnetic field produces asynchronous starting torque, the inner rotor part rotating speed that pulls in; Internal rotor iron core salient pole (3) outer surface to the air gap of external stator (1) inner surface is salient pole air gap, internal rotor permanent-magnetic body (5) outer surface is permanent magnet air gap to the air gap of external stator (1) inner surface, and salient pole gas length is less than or equal to permanent magnet gas length;

In asynchronous starting link, the process of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor asynchronous starting is, the a certain moment of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor starting, the N utmost point of inner rotor part aligns with the S utmost point space angle of external stator (1), the S utmost point of inner rotor part aligns with the N utmost point space angle of external stator (1), external stator (1) rotating magnetic field is rotated according to stator field direction of rotation (8), between external stator (1) rotating magnetic field and inner rotor part, there is speed discrepancy, the magnetic line of force of outer ring mouse cage sliver (2) and inner ring mouse cage sliver (6) cutting external stator (1) rotating magnetic field produces induced current, vertical outside induced current (21) merges together in internal rotor cage ring with vertical inside induced current (22), form closed-loop path, induced current produces asynchronous starting torque makes inner rotor part rotate according to rotor direction (7), when turning over 45° angle between external stator (1) rotating magnetic field and inner rotor part, the N magnetic flux extremely over half of external stator (1) rotating magnetic field passes salient pole air gap, by way of the less internal rotor iron core salient pole (3) of magnetic resistance, through salient pole air gap, get back to the S utmost point of external stator (1) rotating magnetic field again, at the upper asynchronous starting torque maximum producing of outer ring mouse cage sliver (2), along with the speed discrepancy between external stator (1) rotating magnetic field and inner rotor part reduces, in the upper asynchronous starting torque producing of outer ring mouse cage sliver (2), diminish, until inner rotor part equates with the rotating speed of external stator (1) rotating magnetic field, inner rotor part is pulled into synchronous speed, asynchronous starting torque is zero, and internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor enters run-in synchronism state,

The outer rotor permanent magnet motor that does not need pole-changing windings, uniform several outer rotor iron core grooves (15) of the outer rotor iron core of its external rotor parts (25) inner surface, the quantity of outer rotor iron core groove (15) is half of motor poles number of poles; Between outer rotor iron core groove (15), be outer rotor iron core salient pole (16), uniform several external rotor mouse cage slivers (14) below outer rotor iron core salient pole (16); Outer rotor iron core (25) outer ledge corresponding to outer rotor iron core salient pole (16) position has mouse cage reversing plate (13), and each mouse cage reversing plate (13) respectively has an external rotor cage ring to link together with the two ends of contiguous one group of external rotor mouse cage sliver (14); Outside in a pair of magnetic pole of rotor part, only use an outer rotor permanent magnet (17) as a magnetic pole, and utilize outer rotor iron core salient pole (16) as another one magnetic pole, at each outer rotor iron core groove (15), locate to paste outer rotor permanent magnet (17), in same external rotor parts, the pole polarity of outer rotor permanent magnet (17) is identical, and the circular arc external surface of each outer rotor permanent magnet (17) is the N utmost point, or is all the S utmost point; When outer rotor permanent magnet motor starts, the magnetic line of force of external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) cutting internal stator (18) rotating magnetic field produces asynchronous starting torque, the external rotor parts rotating speed that pulls in; Outer rotor iron core salient pole (16) inner surface to the air gap of internal stator (18) outer surface is salient pole air gap, outer rotor permanent magnet (17) inner surface is permanent magnet air gap to the air gap of internal stator (18) outer surface, and salient pole gas length is less than or equal to permanent magnet gas length;

In asynchronous starting link, the process of outer rotor permanent magnet motor asynchronous starting is, the a certain moment of outer rotor permanent magnet motor starting, the N utmost point of external rotor parts aligns with the S utmost point space angle of internal stator (18), the S utmost point of external rotor parts aligns with the N utmost point space angle of internal stator (18), internal stator (18) rotating magnetic field is rotated according to stator field direction of rotation (8), between internal stator (18) rotating magnetic field and external rotor parts, there is speed discrepancy, the magnetic line of force of external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) cutting internal stator (18) rotating magnetic field produces induced current, the external rotor cage ring of vertical outside induced current (21) in external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) one end merges together and flows into mouse cage reversing plate (13), the vertical inside induced current (22) flowing out from mouse cage reversing plate (13) is through the external rotor cage ring of external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) other end, the induced current of vertical outside induced current (21) is finally got back to external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) and is formed closed-loop path, induced current produces asynchronous starting torque makes external rotor parts rotate according to rotor direction (7),

When turning over 45° angle between internal stator (18) rotating magnetic field and external rotor parts, the N magnetic flux extremely over half of internal stator (18) rotating magnetic field passes salient pole air gap, by way of the less outer rotor iron core salient pole (16) of magnetic resistance, through salient pole air gap, get back to the S utmost point of internal stator (18) rotating magnetic field again, at the upper asynchronous starting torque maximum producing of external rotor mouse cage sliver (14), now, outer rotor iron core salient pole (16) is the magnetic line of force of external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) cutting internal stator (18) rotating magnetic field of front side counterclockwise, the inductive current direction producing becomes vertical inside induced current (22), outer rotor iron core salient pole (16) is the magnetic line of force of external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) cutting internal stator (18) rotating magnetic field of rear side counterclockwise, the inductive current direction producing is still vertical outside induced current (21), the induced current opposite sign but equal magnitude of two groups, external rotor cage ring through external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) two ends merges together respectively, and form closed-loop path, induced current produces asynchronous starting torque makes external rotor parts continue to rotate according to rotor direction (7),

When turning over 65 ° of angles between internal stator (18) rotating magnetic field and external rotor parts, outer rotor iron core salient pole (16) the vertical inside induced current (22) that counterclockwise the external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) of front side produces, be greater than outer rotor iron core salient pole (16) the vertical outside induced current (21) that counterclockwise the external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) of rear side produces, the vertical inside induced current (22) and whole vertical outside induced currents (21) of a part, external rotor cage ring through external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) two ends merges together respectively, and form closed-loop path, the external rotor cage ring of remaining vertical inside induced current (22) in external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) one end merges together and flows into mouse cage reversing plate (13), the vertical outside induced current (21) flowing out from mouse cage reversing plate (13) is through the external rotor cage ring of external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) other end, and remaining vertical inside induced current (22) is finally got back to external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) and formed closed-loop path, induced current produces asynchronous starting torque makes external rotor parts continue to rotate according to rotor direction (7), along with the speed discrepancy between internal stator (18) rotating magnetic field and external rotor parts reduces, in the upper asynchronous starting torque producing of external rotor mouse cage sliver (14), diminish, until external rotor parts equate with the rotating speed of internal stator (18) rotating magnetic field, external rotor parts are pulled into synchronous speed, asynchronous starting torque is zero, and outer rotor permanent magnet motor enters run-in synchronism state.

2. half magnetic sheet permanent magnet synchronous motor asynchronous starting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that in pole-changing windings link, in stator rotating magnetic field, can not produce stator complementary field with the interactional magnetic pole of the stator of rotor permanent magnet poles, in a pair of magnetic pole of rotor part of permanent magnet synchronous motor, only use a permanent magnet as a magnetic pole, and utilize rotor core salient pole as another one magnetic pole, between adjacent rotor core salient pole and the rotor core groove below permanent magnet, it is rotor step trough, utilize rotor core salient pole and rotor step trough magnetic conduction but there is no the feature of fixed magnetic pole polarity, when stator rotating magnetic field changes magnetic pole number of poles, under the effect of stator complementary field, position of magnetic pole in a pair of magnetic pole of rotor part outside permanent magnet, can between rotor core salient pole and rotor step trough, change, make rotor part can automatically adapt to converting motor magnetic pole number of poles, realize the pole-changing windings of permanent magnet synchronous motor,

Need external stator (1) the magnetic pole winding of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings uniform according to slow-speed of revolution number of magnetic poles, permanent magnet synchronous motor is when high rotating speed operation, external stator (1) the magnetic pole winding of energising is uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, external stator (1) magnetic pole uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles is external stator core benchmark magnetic pole, between two adjacent external stator core benchmark magnetic poles, is external stator core speed change magnetic pole (12); Permanent magnet synchronous motor when the operation of high rotating speed, the magnetic pole winding no power of external stator core speed change magnetic pole (12), external stator core speed change magnetic pole (12) does not produce rotating magnetic field; Permanent magnet synchronous motor is when the slow-speed of revolution moves, the magnetic pole winding energising of the magnetic pole winding of external stator core speed change magnetic pole (12) and external stator core benchmark magnetic pole, external stator core speed change magnetic pole (12) and external stator core benchmark magnetic pole produce rotating magnetic field jointly; By changing the mode of connection of external stator (1) magnetic pole winding, make the magnetic pole of external stator (1) produce respectively high rotating speed rotating magnetic field or slow-speed of revolution rotating magnetic field;

Need the position of magnetic pole of inner rotor part of internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, the radian that each inner rotor part magnetic pole takies calculates according to slow-speed of revolution number of magnetic poles; Uniform several internal rotor iron core grooves (4) of internal rotor iron core (24) outer surface of inner rotor part, the quantity of internal rotor iron core groove (4) is half of the high rotating speed number of magnetic poles of motor; Between internal rotor iron core groove (4), being internal rotor iron core salient pole (3), is internal rotor step trough (11) between adjacent internal rotor iron core groove (4) and internal rotor iron core salient pole (3); Each internal rotor step trough (11), internal rotor iron core groove (4) and internal rotor iron core salient pole (3) take the radian of a magnetic pole; Uniform several outer ring mouse cage slivers (2) below internal rotor iron core salient pole (3) and internal rotor step trough (11), uniform several inner ring mouse cage slivers (6) below internal rotor iron core groove (4), whole outer ring mouse cage slivers (2) and the two ends of inner ring mouse cage sliver (6) respectively have an internal rotor cage ring to link together; In a pair of magnetic pole of inner rotor part, only use an internal rotor permanent-magnetic body (5) as a magnetic pole, and utilize internal rotor iron core salient pole (3) as another one magnetic pole, at each internal rotor iron core groove (4), locate to paste internal rotor permanent-magnetic body (5), in same inner rotor part, the pole polarity of internal rotor permanent-magnetic body (5) is identical, and the circular arc external surface of each internal rotor permanent-magnetic body (5) is the N utmost point, or is all the S utmost point; When internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor starts, the magnetic line of force of outer ring mouse cage sliver (2) and inner ring mouse cage sliver (6) cutting external stator (1) rotating magnetic field produces asynchronous starting torque, the inner rotor part rotating speed that pulls in; Internal rotor iron core salient pole (3) outer surface to the air gap of external stator (1) inner surface is salient pole air gap, internal rotor step trough (11) outer surface is step trough air gap to the air gap of external stator (1) inner surface, and internal rotor permanent-magnetic body (5) outer surface to the air gap of external stator (1) inner surface is permanent magnet air gap; Need the salient pole gas length of the internal rotor permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of pole-changing windings to be less than step trough gas length, step trough gas length is less than or equal to permanent magnet gas length;

Need internal stator (18) the magnetic pole winding of the outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings uniform according to slow-speed of revolution number of magnetic poles, permanent magnet synchronous motor is when high rotating speed operation, internal stator (18) the magnetic pole winding of energising is uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, internal stator (18) magnetic pole uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles is inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic pole, between two adjacent inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic poles, is inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole (20); Permanent magnet synchronous motor when the operation of high rotating speed, the magnetic pole winding no power of inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole (20), inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole (20) does not produce rotating magnetic field; Permanent magnet synchronous motor is when the slow-speed of revolution moves, the magnetic pole winding energising of the magnetic pole winding of inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole (20) and inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic pole, inner-stator iron core speed change magnetic pole (20) and inner-stator iron core benchmark magnetic pole produce rotating magnetic field jointly; By changing the mode of connection of internal stator (18) magnetic pole winding, make the magnetic pole of internal stator (18) produce respectively high rotating speed rotating magnetic field or slow-speed of revolution rotating magnetic field;

Need the position of magnetic pole of external rotor parts of outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings uniform according to high rotating speed number of magnetic poles, the radian that each external rotor parts magnetic pole takies calculates according to slow-speed of revolution number of magnetic poles; Uniform several outer rotor iron core grooves (15) of the outer rotor iron core of external rotor parts (25) inner surface, the quantity of outer rotor iron core groove (15) is half of the high rotating speed number of magnetic poles of motor; Between outer rotor iron core groove (15), being outer rotor iron core salient pole (16), is external rotor step trough (19) between adjacent outer rotor iron core groove (15) and outer rotor iron core salient pole (16); Each external rotor step trough (19), outer rotor iron core groove (15) and outer rotor iron core salient pole (16) take the radian of a magnetic pole; Uniform several external rotor mouse cage slivers (14) below outer rotor iron core salient pole (16) and external rotor step trough (19); Outer rotor iron core (25) outer ledge corresponding to outer rotor iron core salient pole (16) position has mouse cage reversing plate (13), and each mouse cage reversing plate (13) respectively has an external rotor cage ring to link together with the two ends of contiguous one group of external rotor mouse cage sliver (14); Outside in a pair of magnetic pole of rotor part, only use an outer rotor permanent magnet (17) as a magnetic pole, and utilize outer rotor iron core salient pole (16) as another one magnetic pole, at each outer rotor iron core groove (15), locate to paste outer rotor permanent magnet (17), in same external rotor parts, the pole polarity of outer rotor permanent magnet (17) is identical, and the circular arc external surface of each outer rotor permanent magnet (17) is the N utmost point, or is all the S utmost point; When outer rotor permanent magnet motor starts, the magnetic line of force of external rotor mouse cage sliver (14) cutting internal stator (18) rotating magnetic field produces asynchronous starting torque, the external rotor parts rotating speed that pulls in; Outer rotor iron core salient pole (16) inner surface to the air gap of internal stator (18) outer surface is salient pole air gap, external rotor step trough (19) inner surface is step trough air gap to the air gap of internal stator (18) outer surface, and outer rotor permanent magnet (17) inner surface to the air gap of internal stator (18) outer surface is permanent magnet air gap; Need the salient pole gas length of the outer rotor permanent magnet motor of pole-changing windings to be less than step trough gas length, step trough gas length is less than or equal to permanent magnet gas length.