CN103575991B - A kind of accurate measurement method of instantaneous phase of alternating current - Google Patents
A kind of accurate measurement method of instantaneous phase of alternating current Download PDFInfo
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- CN103575991B CN103575991B CN201210261773.6A CN201210261773A CN103575991B CN 103575991 B CN103575991 B CN 103575991B CN 201210261773 A CN201210261773 A CN 201210261773A CN 103575991 B CN103575991 B CN 103575991B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of accurate measurement method of instantaneous phase of alternating current, first initialization integrator, integrator output voltage is made to get back to zero, after electric signal crosses negative peak, select the suitable moment to carry out analog integration, the record integration start time, stop integration when integrator output voltage gets back to zero again, the record integration end time, calculated the zero crossing of electric signal by integration start time and integration end time, calculated the cycle of electric signal by the zero crossing of series of electrical signals; Finally according to the time of the zero crossing of previous period ac signal, the current wave period in week of prediction and current time, calculate current instantaneous phase.The present invention, without the need to converting alternating current to square wave, overcomes the shortcoming of poor anti jamming capability, is especially suitable for the measurement of alternating current, and systems axiol-ogy is convenient, and hardware spending is little; Implement advantages of simple, data accurately, reliably simultaneously; Be greatly improved in the precision, anti-interference etc. measured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of accurate measurement method of instantaneous phase of alternating current, the instantaneous phase being also applicable to low frequency sinusoidal signal is measured.
Background technology
In daily life, production run, usually need the instantaneous phase measuring alternating current, the instantaneous phase of measurement is more accurate, and the effect of application is often better.In existing method for measuring instantaneous phase, great majority adopt zero traditional friendship method to measure the instantaneous phase of a certain road signal, and this algorithm is easy to realize, but the impact be easily interfered, make the precision of measurement lower.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is not accurate enough for the instantaneous phase measuring accuracy of alternating current in prior art, propose a kind of accurate measurement method of instantaneous phase of alternating current, to compare zero traditional friendship method, be greatly improved in the invention such as precision, anti-interference of measuring.
The present invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions:
An accurate measurement method for the instantaneous phase of alternating current, comprises the following steps:
Step 1), initialization integrator, makes integrator output voltage get back to zero, in a cycle of tested electric signals, after the cycle of tested electric signals crosses negative peak, starts analog integration, and namely a cycle carries out an analog integration;
Step 2), terminate integration when integrator output voltage gets back to zero again;
Step 3), calculated zero crossing time: set the integration start time as T
si, the integration end time is T
ei; Between integration start time and integration end time, there is a zero crossing, by this zero crossing time representation be:
Step 4), repeats step 1) and after the cycle of tested electric signals crosses each negative peak, carries out analog integration successively to step 3), obtain several zero crossing time T of tested electric signals
z1, T
z2, T
z3... T
zi, T
zi+1, T
zi+2... T
zn, wherein, i=1,2 ... n, n are positive integer; Then the cycle of tested electric signals is expressed as: T
pi=T
zi+1-T
zi; Therefore the cycle obtaining tested electric signals is followed successively by T
p1, T
p2, T
p3... T
p (n-1);
Step 5), according to the cycle of the tested electric signals that step 4) calculates, wave period in prediction tested electric signals current week;
Step 6), according to the time of the zero crossing of previous period tested electric signals, the current wave period in week of step 5) prediction and current time, calculates the instantaneous phase that tested electric signals is current.
Further, the accurate measurement method of the instantaneous phase of a kind of alternating current of the present invention, described analog integration adopts common operational amplifier or other devices with integrating function to realize.
Further, the accurate measurement method of the instantaneous phase of a kind of alternating current of the present invention, choose when carrying out analog integration at every turn start the scheme of point be following any one: option A, any point whenever not arriving zero point after the cycle of tested electric signals crosses negative peak; Option b, the rising edge of the some sprocket pulses whenever not arriving zero point after the cycle of tested electric signals crosses negative peak or negative edge.。
Further, the accurate measurement method of the instantaneous phase of a kind of alternating current of the present invention, the concrete steps of described step 5) are as follows:
If the cycle of several cycle is followed successively by T before the tested electric signals calculated by step 4)
pk-3, T
pk-2, T
pk-1, T
pk; Then predict current week wave period be: T
p=K
1× T
pk+ K
2× T
pk-1+ K
3× T
pk-2+ K
4× T
pk-3; Wherein, K
1, K
2, K
3, K
4for arbitrary constant, but the K that must satisfy condition
1+ K
2+ K
3+ K
4=1, k be greater than 3 positive integer.
Further, the accurate measurement method of the instantaneous phase of a kind of alternating current of the present invention, the concrete steps of described step 6) are as follows: set the time of the previous period zero crossing of tested electric signals as T
z, current time is T
c, predict that wave period in the tested electric signals obtained current week is T by step 5)
p, then the instantaneous phase that tested electric signals is current is expressed as with number of degrees value:
or be expressed as with radian value:
The present invention adopts above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technique effect:
1) two continuity points that zero traditional friendship method symbolization is contrary are determined zero point and then determine the instantaneous phase of alternating current, although algorithm clear physics conception, easily by the interference of harmonic wave, measuring error etc., measuring accuracy is low.Only have and accurately locate zero point, just can calculate accurate instantaneous phase.For the feature that electric signal great majority are symmetrical, after tested electric signals crosses negative peak, carry out analog integration, when analog integration exports zero, stop integration, calculated the zero point of electric signal by integration start time and integration end time.After determining the zero crossing of signal, the cycle of electric signal can be calculated.Finally according to the time of the zero crossing of previous period ac signal, the current wave period in week of prediction and current time, calculate current instantaneous phase.Compare zero traditional friendship method, operand increases to some extent, but the precision measured, anti-interference are greatly improved.
2) compare zero traditional friendship method, the antijamming capability of system has great raising, and the accuracy that frequency measurement and instantaneous phase are measured also improves greatly.Even if experiment shows to be mixed into larger harmonic wave, white noise in electric signal, the degree of accuracy of measurement is also very high.Possible interference source comes from Hz noise, if but measuring object is alternating current, then Hz noise is also almost negligible.
3) the method is very convenient simple and direct when calculating, and uses under being applicable to embedded system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 carries out analog integration and the schematic diagram at calculated zero point at some zero points of alternating current;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram calculating ac period;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram calculating some some instantaneous phase on signal.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:
Method of the present invention is first initialization integrator, integrator output voltage is made to get back to zero, after electric signal crosses negative peak, select the suitable moment to carry out analog integration, the record integration start time, integration is stopped when integrator output voltage gets back to zero again, the record integration end time, calculated the zero crossing of electric signal by integration start time and integration end time, calculated the cycle of electric signal by the zero crossing of series of electrical signals.Afterwards according to the time of the zero crossing of previous period ac signal, the current wave period in week of prediction and current time, calculate current instantaneous phase.
For obtaining comparatively accurate measurement result, the Choice of the beginning point of suggestion is: should not too close to zero point.
The features and advantages of the invention will be described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings by example.Principle of the present invention is described by the instantaneous phase of points some on measuring-signal.
Specific embodiment of the invention process is as follows:
1, when integration starts each time, front initialization integrator, makes integrator output voltage get back to zero, after tested electric signals crosses negative peak, carry out analog integration, and namely a cycle integration once;
2, integration start and end time is recorded: the record integration start time, if the integration start time is T
si; Integrator output voltage stops integration, if be now integration end time T when again getting back to zero
ei;
3, calculated zero crossing time: there is a zero crossing between integration start time and integration end time, consider the up-down symmetry of ac signal, this zero crossing time can be expressed as:
Concrete operations can be divided into upper and lower two parts see Fig. 1, Fig. 1, and upper part is tested electric signals, and lower part is the integrated waveform to measured signal.T in figure
sithe integration start time, T
eithe integration end time, T
zibe through the zero crossing calculated.
4, can carry out the calculating of signal period after obtaining several zero crossing times, the low frequency signal one in Fig. 2 co-exists in 3 negative peaks, and therefore after negative peak occurs, carried out altogether 3 integrations and calculated, on transverse axis, the time is respectively T
z1, T
z2, T
z3stain be 3 zero crossings calculated, because the cycle of measured signal can be expressed as: T
pi=T
zi+1-T
zi, therefore in Fig. 2, the signal period can be expressed as: T
p2=T
z3-T
z2, T
p1=T
z2-T
z1.
The prerequisite measuring alternating current instantaneous phase obtains current wave period in week, but before current cycle does not terminate, current wave period in week also cannot directly obtain, consider the change that the cycle (frequency) of alternating current generally can not occur sharply, example of the present invention have employed a formula to predict the cycle T of current cycle
p.
This formula can be expressed as: T
p=K
1× T
pk+ K
2× T
pk-1+ K
3× T
pk-2+ K
4× T
pk-3, when accompanying drawing calculates, have employed K
1=2, K
2=-1, K
3=K
4=0.
5, the calculating of instantaneous phase can see Fig. 3, calculating be the instantaneous phase in Fig. 3, ac signal being put S, if the time of origin of Fig. 3 mid point S is T
c, the time of the zero crossing of the upper alternating current calculated is T
z, then the instantaneous phase putting S can be expressed as
t wherein
pit is the wave period in alternating current current week that previous prediction obtains.The result calculated is the phase value represented with the number of degrees.Utilize above computing method, the phase place of arbitrfary point in cycle can be obtained.
In sum, the accurate measurement method of the instantaneous phase of a kind of alternating current involved in the present invention, do not need to convert alternating current to square wave, overcome the shortcoming of traditional zero-crossing examination poor anti jamming capability, the instantaneous phase being particularly suitable for alternating current is measured, systems axiol-ogy is convenient, and hardware spending is little; The antijamming capability of system is stronger; Implement advantages of simple, data accurately, reliably; There is application prospect more widely.Certainly, the present invention also can be applied to the instantaneous phase measurement of Low Frequency Sine Signals.
Claims (5)
1. an accurate measurement method for the instantaneous phase of alternating current, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step 1), initialization integrator, makes integrator output voltage get back to zero, in a cycle of tested electric signals, after the cycle of tested electric signals crosses negative peak, starts analog integration, and namely a cycle carries out an analog integration;
Step 2), terminate integration when integrator output voltage gets back to zero again;
Step 3), calculated zero crossing time: set the integration start time as T
si, the integration end time is T
ei; Between integration start time and integration end time, there is a zero crossing, by this zero crossing time representation be:
Step 4), repeat step 1) to step 3) after the cycle of tested electric signals crosses each negative peak, carry out analog integration successively, obtain several zero crossing time T of tested electric signals
z1, T
z2, T
z3... T
zi, T
zi+1, T
zi+2... T
zn, wherein, i=1,2 ... n, n are positive integer; Then the cycle of tested electric signals is expressed as: T
pi=T
zi+1-T
zi; Therefore the cycle obtaining tested electric signals is followed successively by T
p1, T
p2, T
p3... T
p (n-1);
Step 5), according to step 4) cycle of tested electric signals of calculating, wave period in prediction tested electric signals current week;
Step 6), time, step 5 according to the zero crossing of a upper tested electric signals of current time) the current wave period and current time in week predicted, calculate the instantaneous phase that tested electric signals is current.
2. the accurate measurement method of the instantaneous phase of a kind of alternating current according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described analog integration adopts common operational amplifier or other devices with integrating function to realize.
3. the accurate measurement method of the instantaneous phase of a kind of alternating current according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: choose when carrying out analog integration at every turn start the scheme of point be following any one: option A, any point whenever not arriving zero point after the cycle of tested electric signals crosses negative peak; Option b, the rising edge of the some sprocket pulses whenever not arriving zero point after the cycle of tested electric signals crosses negative peak or negative edge.
4. the accurate measurement method of the instantaneous phase of a kind of alternating current according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 5) concrete steps as follows:
If by step 4) before the tested electric signals that calculates the cycle of several cycle be followed successively by T
pk-3, T
pk-2, T
pk-1, T
pk; Then predict current week wave period be: T
p=K
1× T
pk+ K
2× T
pk-1+ K
3× T
pk-2+ K
4× T
pk-3; Wherein, K
1, K
2, K
3, K
4for arbitrary constant, but the K that must satisfy condition
1+ K
2+ K
3+ K
4=1, k be greater than 3 positive integer.
5. the accurate measurement method of the instantaneous phase of a kind of alternating current according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 6) concrete steps as follows: set the time of a upper zero crossing of the current time of tested electric signals as T
z, current time is T
c, by step 5) and predict that wave period in the tested electric signals obtained current week is T
p, then the instantaneous phase that tested electric signals is current is expressed as with number of degrees value:
or be expressed as with radian value:
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| CN109188076B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2021-01-29 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Frequency measurement device, method, apparatus and storage medium |
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