CN103567763A - Large long cone-shaped horn cylinder part extruding forming method - Google Patents
Large long cone-shaped horn cylinder part extruding forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103567763A CN103567763A CN201310548402.0A CN201310548402A CN103567763A CN 103567763 A CN103567763 A CN 103567763A CN 201310548402 A CN201310548402 A CN 201310548402A CN 103567763 A CN103567763 A CN 103567763A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/20—Making uncoated products by backward extrusion
- B21C23/205—Making products of generally elongated shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large long cone-shaped horn cylinder part extruding forming method. The large long cone-shaped horn cylinder part extruding forming method includes the following steps that firstly, saw cutting, blanking and upsetting pre-forming are performed, a blank is put into an upsetting concave mold and an upsetting convex mold puncher chip is used for carrying out upsetting and an upsetting blank is formed; secondly, a semi-spherical bottom straight wall cylinder is extruded in a one-time mode and a pre-forming convex mold puncher chip is used for replacing the upsetting convex mold puncher chip and the upsetting blank is extruded by the semi-spherical bottom straight wall cylinder to form a pre-formed part; thirdly, secondary flaring, reshaping and cone-shaped cylinder extruding are performed, the finally-formed convex mold puncher chip is used for replacing a pre-forming convex mold puncher chip, the upsetting concave mold is replaced by a finally-forming concave mold, the pre-formed part suspends when being placed in a mold cavity of the finally- forming concave mold and the head portion of a first section rod body of the finally- forming convex mold puncher chip directly acts on a semi-spherical bottom of a center cavity of the pre-formed part. When extruding is finally finished, a third section rod body of the finally-forming convex mold puncher chip is in contact with a port of the center cavity of the pre-formed part. The cone face of the third section rod body is used for finishing flaring, shaping and cone-shaped cylinder extruding.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallic extrusion molding technology, particularly a kind of extrusion forming method of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part.
Background technology
Large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part 90 as shown in Figure 1, it is of a size of φ 600*1400mm, belongs to heavy parts, and except outside tapered, its inner chamber is also biconial.As shown in Fig. 2～Fig. 5, conventional extruded method, blank 991 jumping-ups are formed to jumping-up part 992, re-use punch 30 along the barrel extruding of jumping-up part 992, material can flow to punch 30 reverse movement directions, punch 30 downwards extruding is darker, barrel area is upwards grown up, along barrel direction frictional force, increase, and along with barrel area is grown up, between these newborn areas and punch 30, die 40 surfaces unlubricated dose, coefficient of friction increases, between 0.5-1, be also the factor that frictional force increases greatly; In addition, along with area is grown up, punch 30 is subject to material deformation drag in direction component increase vertically upward, result is easily brought the insufficient strength of punch and is produced the phenomenon that fractures, secondly, for the cone cylinder of φ 600*1400, directly squeeze pressure reaches 6000 tons, and the cone cylinder that therefore need to adopt new special dies structure and new specific process to solve φ 600*1400 is squeezed on 1000 tons of extruders.
Summary of the invention
It is laborsaving that the object of the invention is to provide a kind of extruding, can use the extrusion forming method of little tonnage forcing press, the long cone of little shut height extruder molding large loudspeaker barrier part.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
An extrusion forming method for large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part, sawing---jumping-up preform---once pushes the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom---secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, specific as follows:
(1), sawing---jumping-up preform, adopt Isothermal Extrusion magnesium platform gold or aluminium alloy, 350 °-400 ° of blank heating-up temperatures, by 420 ° of jumping-up die heating-up temperatures, the die cavity of jumping-up die is consistent with the first half profile of long cone loudspeaker barrier part, blank is put into jumping-up die and use jumping-up punch to carry out jumping-up, form jumping-up blank;
(2), once push the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom, connect above-mentioned (1) step preform punch is replaced to jumping-up punch, jumping-up blank is carried out to the straight wall cylinder extruding of domed bottom, the extruding of employing domed bottom, the head design of corresponding preform punch becomes hemispherical, preform punch shaft is subject to reaction force little, and jumping-up blank upper end is along the die cavity of the die free Plastic Flow that makes progress, form typical backward extrusion, after having pushed, jumping-up blank is extruded and forms pre-formed, pre-formed integral body is cup-shaped, the outer cone wall of the cup bottom of pre-formed is corresponding consistent with the die cavity of jumping-up die, the side of the central lumen of cup is straight wall, bottom is hemispherical,
(3), secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, connect above-mentioned (2) step whole forming terrace die drift is replaced to preform punch, the shaft shape of whole forming terrace die drift is consistent with the inner chamber of long cone loudspeaker barrier part, and be divided into three sections, the head of first paragraph shaft is hemispherical, shaft part is tapered, second segment shaft is right cylinder, the 3rd section of shaft is also tapered, the shaft that the first paragraph shaft of whole forming terrace die drift and second segment shaft diameter are less than preform punch, jumping-up die is replaced with to whole female die for forming, whole female die for forming die cavity is consistent with the profile of long cone loudspeaker barrier part, because the die cavity of jumping-up die is consistent with the first half profile of long cone loudspeaker barrier part, outer cone wall bottom, the cup bottom size of pre-formed is corresponding consistent with the die cavity of jumping-up die, so pre-formed while being placed in whole female die for forming die cavity in vacant state, the head of first paragraph shaft directly acts on the domed bottom of the central lumen of pre-formed, by pre-formed, head into whole female die for forming die cavity below, there is stretcher strain in the bottom of pre-formed herein, in addition, second segment shaft does not directly contact with the central lumen of pre-formed yet, when extruding finally completes, the 3rd section of shaft ability contacts and utilizes its conical surface to complete enlarging with the port of the central lumen of pre-formed, shaping, crush cones cylinder.
The extrusion forming method of described a kind of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part, main extrusion equipment relates to a kind of extrusion molding assembling die of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part, comprises general cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster, punch, die, shedding mechanism; Described punch is fixed on cope match-plate pattern with detachable substitute mode, and punch comprises three punches, is respectively jumping-up punch, preform punch, whole forming terrace die drift, and concrete steps are further:
(1), sawing-jumping-up preform, adopt Isothermal Extrusion magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, 350 °-400 ° of blank heating-up temperatures, by cope match-plate pattern fix with jumping-up punch, first paragraph die becomes heading die with lower bolster fixed combination, 420 ° of heading die heating-up temperatures, lubricant is selected oil base graphite, and every time technological parameter is identical, blank is carried out to jumping-up preform in the die cavity of the first paragraph die of heading die, form jumping-up blank;
(2), once push the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom, connect the described heading die of above-mentioned steps (1), preform punch is replaced to jumping-up punch to be fixed on cope match-plate pattern, shedding mechanism is fixed on to first paragraph die top and forms piece pre-forming die, the cup shell of spherical bottom is carried out to the straight wall cylinder extruding of domed bottom, the cup shell upper end of spherical bottom is along the die cavity of the first paragraph die of the piece pre-forming die free Plastic Flow that makes progress, form typical case anti-crowded, after having pushed, the cup shell of spherical bottom is formed pre-formed, the central lumen bottom of pre-formed is hemispherical side and is straight wall, preform punch is up with extruder, shedding mechanism unloads pre-formed of being nested with on preform punch, pre-formed die cavity that still falls into first paragraph die,
(3), secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, connect the described piece pre-forming die of above-mentioned steps (2), whole forming terrace die drift is replaced to preform punch to be fixed on cope match-plate pattern, second segment die supporter is formed between first paragraph die and lower bolster to whole shaping dies, whole forming terrace die drift comprises first paragraph shaft, second segment bar and the 3rd section of shaft, first paragraph shaft and second segment shaft diameter are less than the shaft of preform punch, the head of first paragraph shaft directly acts on the domed bottom of the central lumen of pre-formed, by in pre-formed empty die cavity that heads into below second segment die, there is stretcher strain in the bottom of pre-formed herein, in addition, second segment shaft does not directly contact with the central lumen of pre-formed yet, so second segment shaft is not subject to resistance, when extruding finally completes, the 3rd section of shaft ability contacts and utilizes its conical surface to complete enlarging with the port of the central lumen of pre-formed, shaping, crush cones cylinder, last whole forming terrace die drift is up with extruder, shedding mechanism unloads the long cone loudspeaker barrier part being nested with on whole forming terrace die drift, long cone loudspeaker barrier part still falls into the die cavity of first paragraph die and the die cavity of second segment die.
Between the first paragraph die of the piece pre-forming die that described step (1) heading die and step (2) are described and lower bolster, be provided with ejecting mechanism, ejecting mechanism is by profiling backing plate, top board, push rod forms, profiling backing plate is placed in lower bolster middle part, the upper end of profiling backing plate forms the boss adapting with long top nest of boring loudspeaker barrier part, profiling backing plate middle part forms push-rod hole, the middle part of lower bolster is provided with the through hole coaxial with push-rod hole, push rod is placed in the through hole of push-rod hole and lower bolster, the lower surface of top board is provided with the cavity that the boss with profiling backing plate adapts, top board was nested with on profiling backing plate by cavity and coordinating of boss, the same limit of top board is equipped with backing plate, in the time described piece pre-forming die need to being combined into the whole shaping dies of described step (3), top board and backing plate are taken off simultaneously, change second segment die supporter between first paragraph die and lower bolster, last above-mentioned step (3) increases by a step again, discharging structure is removed from first paragraph die, push rod rises long cone loudspeaker barrier part is ejected from the die cavity of first paragraph die and the die cavity of second segment die.
The inventive method increases the extrusion molding of one cup shell in traditional Tapered Cup extrusion process, form two passage pressing methods, pre-formed of cup-shaped of the extruding original state vacant state in vacant state in the die cavity of whole female die for forming time making to be shaped eventually, laborsaving, whole forming terrace die is frangibility not, only need little shut height, little tonnage extruder just can extrusion molding length be bored loudspeaker barrier part, broken through the above length for 1m, the more than 600 long cone loudspeaker barrier part of diameter phi adopts in conventional extruded and uses large-tonnage, the restriction of large shut height extruder, solution is shaped and grows the difficulty shaping running in cone loudspeaker barrier part technique in common extrusion forming technology, consuming the large-tonnage extruder that the energy is large uses, the problem that die shut height is larger, provide a kind of can be under mass production environment, use little tonnage forcing press, the method of little shut height die forming typhon barrier part.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is existing large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part;
Fig. 2 is existing large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part jumping-up original state figure;
Fig. 3 is existing large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part jumping-up end of a period state diagram;
Fig. 4 is existing large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extruding original state figure;
Fig. 5 is existing large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extruding end of a period state diagram;
Fig. 6 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part jumping-up original state figure of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part jumping-up end of a period state diagram of the present invention; ;
Fig. 8 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part spherical bottom cup shell squeezed state figure of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extruding original state figure of the present invention;
Figure 10 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extrusion process of the present invention state diagram one;
Figure 11 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extrusion process of the present invention state diagram two;
Figure 12 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extrusion process of the present invention state diagram three;
Figure 13 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cone cylinder extruding end of a period state diagram of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the spherical bottom cup shell cutaway view of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part of the present invention;
Figure 15 is large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part cutaway view of the present invention;
Figure 16 is the assembling schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention when pier is thick;
Figure 17 is the installation diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention when preform;
Figure 18 is the assembling schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention when being shaped eventually;
Figure 19 is the second segment die schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention;
Figure 20 is the first paragraph die schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention;
Figure 21 be in Figure 20 B to cutaway view;
Figure 22 be in Figure 20 C to cutaway view;
Figure 23 is imperial material bolt front view;
Figure 24 is imperial flitch front view;
Figure 25 is the preform drift schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention;
Figure 26 is the whole forming punch schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention;
Figure 27 is the profiling backing plate schematic diagram of extrusion molding assembling die of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, the present invention is further described.
An extrusion forming method for large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part, sawing---jumping-up preform---once pushes the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom---secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, specific as follows:
(1), sawing---jumping-up preform, as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, adopt Isothermal Extrusion magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, 350 °-400 ° of blank 99 heating-up temperatures, by 420 ° of jumping-up die 401 heating-up temperatures, put into jumping-up die 401 and use jumping-up punch 31 to carry out jumping-up, the die cavity 402 of jumping-up die 401 is consistent with the first half profile of 9 (as shown in figure 14) of long cone loudspeaker barrier part, forms 995 (as shown in Figure 7) of jumping-up blank;
(2), once push the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom, as shown in Figure 8, connect above-mentioned (1) step preform punch 32 is replaced to jumping-up punch 31, jumping-up blank 995 is carried out to the straight wall cylinder extruding of domed bottom, the extruding of employing domed bottom, the head 321 of corresponding preform punch 32 is designed to hemispherical, intensity height is frangibility not, adopt the extruding of straight tube wall, compare present tapered wall extruding contact area little, preform punch 32 shafts are subject to reaction force little, and jumping-up blank 995 upper ends are along the die cavity 402 of the die 401 free Plastic Flow that makes progress, form typical backward extrusion, required extruder tonnage is little, after having pushed, jumping-up blank 995 is extruded and forms pre-formed 97, pre-formed 97 whole cup-shaped (as shown in figure 14), the outer cone wall 971 of the cup bottom of pre-formed 97 is corresponding consistent with the die cavity 402 of jumping-up die 401, the side 95 of the central lumen 96 of cup is straight wall, bottom 94 is hemispherical,
(3), secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10, whole forming terrace die drift 33 is replaced to preform punch 32, as Fig. 9, Figure 13, shown in Figure 14, the shaft shape of whole forming terrace die drift 33 is consistent with the inner chamber 91 of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9, and be divided into three sections, the head 331 of first paragraph shaft 332 is hemispherical, shaft part is tapered, second segment shaft 333 is right cylinder, the 3rd section of shaft 334 is also tapered, the shaft that the first paragraph shaft 332 of whole forming terrace die drift 33 and second segment shaft 333 diameters are less than preform punch 32, jumping-up die 401 is replaced with to whole female die for forming 409, whole female die for forming 409 die cavitys 408 are consistent with the profile of long cone loudspeaker barrier parts 9 (as shown in Figure 1), because the die cavity 402 of jumping-up die 401 is consistent with the first half profile of 9 (as shown in Figure 1) of long cone loudspeaker barrier part, the cup bottom outer cone wall 971 bottom sizes of pre-formed 97 are corresponding consistent with the die cavity 402 of jumping-up die 401, so while being placed in whole female die for forming 409 die cavity 408 for pre-formed 97 in vacant state (as shown in Figure 9), the head 331 (as shown in Figure 9) of first paragraph shaft 332 directly acts on the domed bottom 94 of the central lumen 96 of pre-formed 97, by pre-formed 97, head into whole female die for forming 409 die cavity 408 belows, there is stretcher strain in the bottom 94 of pre-formed 97 herein, be different from existing crimp, the suffered reaction force of head 331 of first paragraph shaft 332 is little, in addition, second segment shaft 333 does not directly contact with the central lumen 96 of pre-formed 97 yet, so second segment shaft 333 is not subject to resistance, when extruding finally completes, the 3rd section of shaft 334 ability contact and utilize its conical surface to complete enlarging with the port of the central lumen 96 of pre-formed 97, shaping, crush cones cylinder.
The present invention increases by one cup shell extrusion molding in traditional Tapered Cup extrusion process, pre-formed 97 of cup-shaped of the extruding original state vacant state (as shown in Figure 9) in vacant state in the die cavity 408 of whole female die for forming 409 time making to be shaped eventually, pre-formed 97 in the descending process of whole forming terrace die drift 33 directly with domed bottom 94 contact, the make progress effect of support force and frictional force of the cone wall that outer cone wall 971 is subject to whole female die for forming 409, the outer cone wall 971 of pre-formed 97 is indeformable, and position is also constant; Along with whole forming terrace die drift 33 continues descending, the spherical head 331 of whole forming terrace die drift 33 downwards at the bottom of the hemispherical of pre-formed 97 of top thorn 94 form pits 93 (as shown in figure 10), along with whole forming terrace die drift 33 continues descending, continue thorn bottom, top 94, bottom 94 attenuation, evagination (as shown in figure 11); Along with whole forming terrace die drift 33 continues descending again, the 3rd section of shaft 334 of whole forming terrace die drift 33 and the conical surface of first paragraph shaft 332 and pre-formed 97 dozens lean on, thereby the partial sidewall conical surface normal direction Upsetting of pre-formed 97 completes enlarging, shaping (as shown in figure 12), to the last pushed and formed 9 (as shown in figure 15) of long cone loudspeaker barrier part.
The present invention becomes in extrusion process eventually can be divided into two stages, as Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12, shown in Figure 13, first stage, the material of pre-formed 97 flows to die cavity 408 cone mouths of whole female die for forming 409, lower end size is more and more less, material radially and is tangentially subject to the pressure-acting of die cavity 408, but be axially the pulling force effect that is subject to whole forming terrace die drift 33, the lower end material of pre-formed 97 forms the taper of point point, interior profile does not occur penetrating, the bottom 94 of pre-formed 97 reaches pointed cone solid shape (as Figure 11, shown in Figure 12), second stage, whole forming terrace die drift 33 continues descending, the 3rd section of shaft 334 of whole forming terrace die drift 33 leans on 95 dozens of the sidewalls of pre-formed 97, the upper end enlarging of sidewall 95, the conical surface forms, stress state is radial compressive stress, tangential stress, axial compression stress, from the first stage Tapered Cup of pre-formed 97 bottom entity forming, to second stage sidewall 95, be shaped like this, it is that to draw two pressures and second stage to expand stomatoplastic stress state be two pressure one tension states that the Tapered Cup bottom first stage is stretched the stress state that pulls into shape, from the principle, avoided the average very large three-dimensional compressive stress state of extruding force in forming process, recycling sidewall friction power and pre-formed 's 97 flying shore form has changed the stress state of deformation process, material deformation drag is very little, just reach material flow intensity, reduced squeeze pressure, be shaped eventually in the descending process of whole whole forming terrace die drift 33 in addition, whole forming terrace die drift 33, space between whole female die for forming 409 and cup-shaped pre-formed 97 is larger, can store up and stay a large amount of lubricants, making to be shaped eventually, whole forming terrace die drift 33 is descending to start to ending, the deformation area newly increasing has enough lubricants lubricated all the time, coefficient of friction is all the time between 0.05-0.2, coefficient of friction is than little many of the coefficient of friction of conventional extruded, this is also unsettled cup-shaped pre-formed 97 can reduce extruding force in extrusion process, make another principal element of the stress improvement of whole forming terrace die drift 33, the 3rd, needn't worry to undercut in portion's process in support, the cup of pre-formed 97 can be broken, the cup of pre-formed 97 is stressed is axial compression stress, after this axial compression stress is bottom 94 material transfer, along with whole forming terrace die drift 33, whole female die for forming 409 gaps reduce this part material and are subject to normal direction Upsetting, along whole forming terrace die drift 33, flow in whole female die for forming 409 gaps up and down both direction, the existing cup in cup upper end is partly formed to extrusion stress, and extrusion stress is the power of opposing cracking, therefore this method is for taper, tubaeform extrusion distortion is safety, reliably.
This manufacturing process of the present invention not only can be applied to non through hole Tapered Cup, also can be applicable to the Tapered Cup of head band through hole, thereby solved, Tapered Cup stress is large, mould strength requirement is high, the technical barrier of punch frangibility.
The extrusion molding assembling die 1 that a kind of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part is provided according to above extrusion molding principle, as shown in Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, comprises universal upper die plate 2, punch 3, die 4, lower bolster 5, shedding mechanism 6; The extrusion molding assembling die 1 of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part is for the long cone of extrusion molding loudspeaker barrier part 9.
Described punch 3 is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2 with detachable substitute mode, as use screw 22 and pin 23 that punch 3 is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2, punch 3 comprises three punches, is respectively jumping-up punch 31, preform punch 32, whole forming terrace die drift 33.
As shown in figure 16, the shaft tubbiness of described jumping-up punch 31 is right cylinder shape, and head 311 is plane, and afterbody is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2 with detachable substitute mode by screw 22 and pin 23.
As shown in Figure 17, Figure 25, the shaft tubbiness of described preform punch 32 is right cylinder shape, and head 321 is hemispherical, and afterbody is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2 with detachable substitute mode by screw 22 and pin 23; Middle part 322 is hollow, adopts hollow-core construction to make the material quenching degree of preform punch 32 good, increases toughness.
As Figure 18, Figure 26, Fig. 1, shown in Figure 15, the shaft shape of described whole forming terrace die drift 33 is consistent with the inner chamber 91 of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9, and be divided into three sections, the head 331 of first paragraph shaft 332, shaft is tapered, second segment shaft 333 is right cylinder, the 3rd section of shaft 334 is also tapered, wherein the angle α of first paragraph shaft 332 and axis is less than the angle 1 of the 3rd section of shaft 334 and axis, first paragraph shaft 332 is mainly used in the bottom squeeze distortion of the inner chamber 91 of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9, the 3rd section of shaft 334 is mainly used in the oral area enlarging crimp of the inner chamber 91 of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9, second segment shaft 333 is connected between first paragraph shaft 332 and the 3rd section of shaft 334 and mainly plays transition prolongation effect, if the shorter right cylinder design that also can cancel second segment shaft 333 of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 length, directly allow first paragraph shaft 332 be connected with the 3rd section of shaft 334, if long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 length are longer, the corresponding lengthening of second segment shaft 333 meeting, the afterbody of whole forming terrace die drift 33 is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2 with detachable substitute mode by screw 22 and pin 23.In addition, the shaft that the first paragraph shaft 332 of whole forming terrace die drift 33 and second segment shaft 333 diameters are less than preform punch 32, the shaft of whole forming terrace die drift 33 is also hollow, adopts hollow-core construction to make the material quenching degree of whole forming terrace die drift 33 good, increases toughness.
As Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, Figure 19, shown in Figure 20, die 4 carries out horizontal parting, comprise first paragraph die 41, second segment die 42, on the movable fixedly lower bolster 5 of first paragraph die 41, as Figure 16, shown in Figure 17, first paragraph die 41 is by bolt 81 fixedly on lower bolster 5, second segment die 42 is can dismounting mode being fixed between first paragraph die 41 and lower bolster 5, as shown in figure 18, second segment die 42 is fixed between first paragraph die 41 and lower bolster 5 than the longer bolt 82 of bolt 81 by changing spiro rod length, certainly, first paragraph die 41 also can be directly by bolt 82 fixedly on lower bolster 5, and the unessential bolt of changing, this is depending on working condition.
As shown in Figure 15, Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, Figure 19, Figure 20, the upper opening section conical surface 92 of the long cone of the die cavity 43 of described first paragraph die 41 and extrusion molding loudspeaker barrier part 9 is consistent, and the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41 is mainly used in the extrusion molding of the jumping-up of blank and pre-formed 's 97 central lumen 96 and the upper opening section conical surface 92 of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 and the enlarging of inner chamber 91 to be shaped; The die cavity 44 of described second segment die 42 is consistent with the bottom conical surface 93 of the long cone of extrusion molding loudspeaker barrier part 9, and the die cavity 44 of second segment die 42 is mainly used in the bottom stretching extrusion molding of the bottom conical surface 93 of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 and the inner chamber 91 of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9.
As shown in Figure 18, Figure 19, Figure 20, the lower surface of first paragraph die 41 is provided with seam 45, coordinates with the upper end 46 of second segment die 42, plays the role of positioning, and guarantees the concentricity of the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41 and the die cavity 44 of second segment die 42.
As Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, Figure 20, shown in Figure 21～Figure 24, the periphery of the upper end of first paragraph die 41 is provided with T-shaped groove 47, shedding mechanism 6 comprises pull bar 61, stripper 62, the shape of T-shaped bar is made at pull bar 61 two, stripper 62 middle parts are provided with the through hole 64 that supplies preform punch 32 and whole forming terrace die drift 33 all can pass, the periphery of stripper 62 has the position groove 63 corresponding with T- shaped groove 47, 61 1 holdings of pull bar are in groove 63, 61 1 holdings of pull bar are in T-shaped groove 47, shedding mechanism 6 is the periphery in the upper end of first paragraph die 41 with removably holding, it is a kind of large-scale shedding mechanism of handling flexibly of being convenient to.
As Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, shown in Figure 27, ejecting mechanism 7 is by profiling backing plate 71, top board 72, push rod 73 forms, profiling backing plate 71 is placed in lower bolster 5 middle parts, the upper end of profiling backing plate 71 forms the boss 74 adapting with long top nest 94 (as shown in figure 15) of boring loudspeaker barrier part 9, profiling backing plate 71 middle parts form push-rod hole 75, the middle part of lower bolster 5 is provided with the through hole 51 coaxial with push-rod hole 75, push rod 73 is placed in push-rod hole 75 and through hole 51, certainly, profiling backing plate 71 can be integrally formed with lower bolster 5, as long as need to offer a push rod, wear hole, the lower surface of top board 72 is provided with the cavity 75 that the boss 74 with profiling backing plate 71 adapts, top board 72 was nested with on profiling backing plate 71 by cavity 75 and coordinating of boss 74, the peripheral sleeve of top board 72 is equipped with backing plate 52, certainly, top board 72 can be integrally formed with backing plate 52, top board 72 is placed between first paragraph die 41 and lower bolster 5 with removably together with backing plate 52.
The structural advantages of this cover extrusion molding assembling die 1:
1, on same set of mould, adopt shared part and detachable part by the mode of combination, to realize jumping-up, preform, the whole forming technology of long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9, as shown in figure 16, jumping-up punch 31 is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2, first paragraph die 41 is fixed on lower bolster 5, and extrusion molding assembling die 1 becomes the jumping-up that heading die can be used for blank, as shown in figure 17, preform punch 32 is replaced to jumping-up punch 31 to be fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2, pull bar 61 one end holdings of shedding mechanism 6 are in groove 63, pull bar 61 one end holdings are in the T-shaped groove 47 of first paragraph die 41, stripper 6 is fixed on to first paragraph die 41 tops, form piece pre-forming die, preform punch 32 is central lumen 96 extrusion moldings for performing member 97 through stripper 6 through holes 64, when preform punch 32 exits from central lumen 96, stripper 62 scrapes performing member 97 from preform punch 32, performing member 97 still falls into the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41, as shown in figure 18, whole forming terrace die drift 33 is replaced to preform punch 32 to be fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2, top board 72 and backing plate 52 are taken off simultaneously, change second segment die 42, shedding mechanism 6 is still fixed on first paragraph die 41, form whole shaping dies, whole forming terrace die drift 33 is the extrusion molding for long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 through stripper 6 through holes 64.
2, by laterally dividing mode structure by die, as shown in figure 18, be divided into first paragraph die 41 and second segment die 42 two parts, first paragraph die 41 becomes general die, has saved mold materials and processing cost; Die 4 structures also can be divided three sections, occupy even also and can be divided into more multistage according to long cone loudspeaker barrier part length, like this length is bored to loudspeaker barrier part from large end to one section of one section of progressive forming of small end, solved the inadequate problem of press tonnage, also solved punch draw ratio too large, punch unstability, the problem that is offset, fractures, can be used as the difficult method and structure pushing of elongated part.
3, the stripper structure 6 of push-and-pull pull bar flexibly, as Figure 17 and Figure 18, pull bar 61 can slide in the interior push-and-pull of T-shaped groove 47, when needs device for discharging, pull bar 61 inserts in T-shaped groove 47, preform punch 32 or whole forming terrace die drift 33 drive up by press, stripper 62 scrapes performing member 97 maybe length cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 is scraped from whole forming terrace die drift 33 from preform punch 32, as shown in figure 16, when blank jumping-up, do not need stripper structure 6 to be fixed on first paragraph die 41, stripper 62 is taken off, avoid so traditional stripper to be fixed on cope match-plate pattern by screw and loaded and unloaded inconvenient shortcoming.
4, post rod mechanism 7, as shown in Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, although profiling backing plate 71, push rod 73 form General top linkage, but only in the end in one part, work to eject long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9, in addition profiling backing plate 71 not only played the long cone of extrusion molding loudspeaker barrier part 9 top nest 94 effect but also play push rod 73 guide effects.
Applying above-mentioned extrusion molding assembling die 1 for the method for the long cone of extrusion molding loudspeaker barrier part 9 is: sawing---jumping-up preform---once pushes the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom---secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, specific as follows:
1, sawing-jumping-up preform, select 1000 tons of extruders of equipment, adopt Isothermal Extrusion magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, as shown in figure 16,350 °-400 ° of blank heating-up temperatures are combined into 420 ° of heading die heating-up temperatures by extrusion molding assembling die 1, and lubricant is selected oil base graphite, and every time technological parameter is identical, blank 98 is carried out to jumping-up preform in the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41, form jumping-up blank 98;
2, once push the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom, as Figure 17 content as shown in Figure 16 is compared, on extrusion molding assembling die 1, increased shedding mechanism 6, preform punch 32 is replaced to jumping-up punch 31 to be fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2, all the other all parts are constant, here adopt and use mould parts, saved die cost, extrusion molding assembling die 1 is combined into piece pre-forming die, jumping-up blank 98 is carried out to the straight wall cylinder extruding of domed bottom, the extruding of employing domed bottom, the head 321 of corresponding preform punch 32 is designed to hemispherical, intensity height is frangibility not, adopt the extruding of straight tube wall, compare present tapered wall extruding contact area little, preform punch 32 shafts are subject to reaction force little, and jumping-up blank 98 upper ends are along the die cavity 43 of the first paragraph die 41 free Plastic Flow that makes progress, form typical backward extrusion, required extruder tonnage is little, after having pushed, jumping-up blank 98 is formed pre-formed 97, pre-formed 97 whole cup-shaped (as shown in figure 14), the outer cone wall 971 of the cup bottom of pre-formed 97 is corresponding consistent with the die cavity 402 of jumping-up die 401, the side 95 of the central lumen 96 of cup is straight wall, bottom 94 is hemispherical, preform punch 32 is up with extruder, shedding mechanism 6 unloads pre-formed 97 of being nested with on preform punch 32, still fall into the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41 for pre-formed 97,
3, secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, as shown in figure 18, connect the piece pre-forming die described in above-mentioned the 2nd step, whole forming terrace die drift 33 is replaced to preform punch 32 to be fixed on cope match-plate pattern 2, top board 72 and backing plate 52 are taken off simultaneously, second segment die 42 pads are put between first paragraph die 41 and lower bolster 51, shedding mechanism 6 is still fixed on first paragraph die 41, form whole shaping dies, the shaft that is less than preform punch 32 due to first paragraph shaft 332 and second segment shaft 333 diameters of whole forming terrace die drift 33, the head 331 (as shown in figure 26) of first paragraph shaft 332 directly acts on the domed bottom of the central lumen 96 of pre-formed 97, by in pre-formed 97 empty die cavity 44 that heads into below second segment die 42, there is stretcher strain in the bottom of pre-formed 97 herein, be different from existing crimp, the suffered reaction force of head 331 of first paragraph shaft 332 is little, in addition, second segment shaft 333 does not directly contact with the central lumen 96 of pre-formed 97 yet, so second segment shaft 333 is not subject to resistance, when extruding finally completes, the 3rd section of shaft 334 ability contact and utilize its conical surface to complete enlarging with the port of the central lumen 96 of pre-formed 97, shaping, crush cones cylinder, last whole forming terrace die drift 33 is up with extruder, shedding mechanism 6 unloads the long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 being nested with on whole forming terrace die drift 33, long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 still falls into the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41 and the die cavity 44 of second segment die 42, stripper structure 6 is removed from first paragraph die 41, push rod 73 rises long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 is ejected from the die cavity 43 of first paragraph die 41 and the die cavity 44 of second segment die 42.
The two passage extrusion forming methods of realizing of die transversal sectional formula structure are led in the present invention, realized extruding laborsaving, adopt little shut height (2600mm), little tonnage (1000 tons) extruder just can be realized the extruding to long cone loudspeaker barrier part, broken through the above length for 1m, the more than 600 long cone loudspeaker barrier part 9 of diameter phi adopts in conventional extruded and uses large-tonnage (6000 tons), the restriction of large shut height (4800mm) extruder, solution is shaped and grows the difficulty shaping running in cone loudspeaker barrier part technique in common extrusion forming technology, consuming the large-tonnage extruder that the energy is large uses, die shut height is the problem of large (4500mm), provide a kind of can be under mass production environment, use little tonnage forcing press, mould structure and the method for little shut height die forming typhon part.
Claims (3)
1. an extrusion forming method for large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part, is characterized in that: sawing---jumping-up preform---once pushes the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom---secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, specific as follows:
(1), sawing---jumping-up preform, adopt Isothermal Extrusion magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, 350 °-400 ° of blank heating-up temperatures, by 420 ° of jumping-up die heating-up temperatures, the die cavity of jumping-up die is consistent with the first half profile of long cone loudspeaker barrier part, blank is put into jumping-up die and use jumping-up punch to carry out jumping-up, form jumping-up blank;
(2), once push the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom, connect above-mentioned (1) step preform punch is replaced to jumping-up punch, jumping-up blank is carried out to the straight wall cylinder extruding of domed bottom, the extruding of employing domed bottom, the head design of corresponding preform punch becomes hemispherical, preform punch shaft is subject to reaction force little, and jumping-up blank upper end is along the die cavity of the die free Plastic Flow that makes progress, form typical backward extrusion, after having pushed, jumping-up blank is extruded and forms pre-formed, pre-formed integral body is cup-shaped, the outer cone wall of the cup bottom of pre-formed is corresponding consistent with the die cavity of jumping-up die, the side of the central lumen of cup is straight wall, bottom is hemispherical,
(3), secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, connect above-mentioned (2) step whole forming terrace die drift is replaced to preform punch, the shaft shape of whole forming terrace die drift is consistent with the inner chamber of long cone loudspeaker barrier part, and be divided into three sections, the head of first paragraph shaft is hemispherical, shaft part is tapered, second segment shaft is right cylinder, the 3rd section of shaft is also tapered, the shaft that the first paragraph shaft of whole forming terrace die drift and second segment shaft diameter are less than preform punch, jumping-up die is replaced with to whole female die for forming, whole female die for forming die cavity is consistent with the profile of long cone loudspeaker barrier part, because the die cavity of jumping-up die is consistent with the first half profile of long cone loudspeaker barrier part, outer cone wall bottom, the cup bottom size of pre-formed is corresponding consistent with the die cavity of jumping-up die, so pre-formed while being placed in whole female die for forming die cavity in vacant state, the head of first paragraph shaft directly acts on the domed bottom of the central lumen of pre-formed, by pre-formed, head into whole female die for forming die cavity below, there is stretcher strain in the bottom of pre-formed herein, in addition, second segment shaft does not directly contact with the central lumen of pre-formed yet, when extruding finally completes, the 3rd section of shaft ability contacts and utilizes its conical surface to complete enlarging with the port of the central lumen of pre-formed, shaping, crush cones cylinder.
2. a kind of large-scale length as claimed in claim 1 is bored the extrusion forming method of loudspeaker barrier part, it is characterized in that: main extrusion equipment relates to a kind of extrusion molding assembling die of large-scale long cone loudspeaker barrier part, comprises general cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster, punch, die, shedding mechanism; Described punch is fixed on cope match-plate pattern with detachable substitute mode, and punch comprises three punches, is respectively jumping-up punch, preform punch, whole forming terrace die drift, and concrete steps are further:
(1), sawing-jumping-up preform, adopt Isothermal Extrusion magnesium alloy or aluminium alloy, 350 °-400 ° of blank heating-up temperatures, by cope match-plate pattern fix with jumping-up punch, first paragraph die becomes heading die with lower bolster fixed combination, 420 ° of heading die heating-up temperatures, lubricant is selected oil base graphite, and every time technological parameter is identical, blank is carried out to jumping-up preform in the die cavity of the first paragraph die of heading die, form jumping-up blank;
(2), once push the straight wall cylinder of domed bottom, connect the described heading die of above-mentioned steps (1), preform punch is replaced to jumping-up punch to be fixed on cope match-plate pattern, shedding mechanism is fixed on to first paragraph die top and forms piece pre-forming die, the cup shell of spherical bottom is carried out to the straight wall cylinder extruding of domed bottom, the cup shell upper end of spherical bottom is along the die cavity of the first paragraph die of the piece pre-forming die free Plastic Flow that makes progress, form typical case anti-crowded, after having pushed, the cup shell of spherical bottom is formed pre-formed, the central lumen bottom of pre-formed is hemispherical side and is straight wall, preform punch is up with extruder, shedding mechanism unloads pre-formed of being nested with on preform punch, pre-formed die cavity that still falls into first paragraph die,
(3), secondary enlarging, shaping, crush cones cylinder, connect the described piece pre-forming die of above-mentioned steps (2), whole forming terrace die drift is replaced to preform punch to be fixed on cope match-plate pattern, second segment die supporter is formed between first paragraph die and lower bolster to whole shaping dies, whole forming terrace die drift comprises first paragraph shaft, second segment bar and the 3rd section of shaft, first paragraph shaft and second segment shaft diameter are less than the shaft of preform punch, the head of first paragraph shaft directly acts on the domed bottom of the central lumen of pre-formed, by in pre-formed empty die cavity that heads into below second segment die, there is stretcher strain in the bottom of pre-formed herein, in addition, second segment shaft does not directly contact with the central lumen of pre-formed yet, so second segment shaft is not subject to resistance, when extruding finally completes, the 3rd section of shaft ability contacts and utilizes its conical surface to complete enlarging with the port of the central lumen of pre-formed, shaping, crush cones cylinder, last whole forming terrace die drift is up with extruder, shedding mechanism unloads the long cone loudspeaker barrier part being nested with on whole forming terrace die drift, long cone loudspeaker barrier part still falls into the die cavity of first paragraph die and the die cavity of second segment die.
3. a kind of large-scale length as claimed in claim 2 is bored the extrusion forming method of loudspeaker barrier part, it is characterized in that: between the first paragraph die of the piece pre-forming die that described step (1) heading die and step (2) are described and lower bolster, be provided with ejecting mechanism, ejecting mechanism is by profiling backing plate, top board, push rod forms, profiling backing plate is placed in lower bolster middle part, the upper end of profiling backing plate forms the boss adapting with long top nest of boring loudspeaker barrier part, profiling backing plate middle part forms push-rod hole, the middle part of lower bolster is provided with the through hole coaxial with push-rod hole, push rod is placed in the through hole of push-rod hole and lower bolster, the lower surface of top board is provided with the cavity that the boss with profiling backing plate adapts, top board was nested with on profiling backing plate by cavity and coordinating of boss, the same limit of top board is equipped with backing plate, in the time described piece pre-forming die need to being combined into the whole shaping dies of described step (3), top board and backing plate are taken off simultaneously, change second segment die supporter between first paragraph die and lower bolster, last above-mentioned step (3) increases by a step again, discharging structure is removed from first paragraph die, push rod rises long cone loudspeaker barrier part is ejected from the die cavity of first paragraph die and the die cavity of second segment die.
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| CN104438408A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-25 | 重庆理工大学 | Extrusion forming method for aluminum alloy biconical abnormal deep hole component blank |
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| CN104438408A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-25 | 重庆理工大学 | Extrusion forming method for aluminum alloy biconical abnormal deep hole component blank |
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| CN113059012B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-05-31 | 中北大学 | Extrusion-stretching composite forming method for large-height-diameter-ratio conical cylinder |
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| CN113369325A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-10 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Extrusion forming process |
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| CN117718431A (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-03-19 | 湖南中创空天新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of magnesium alloy conical cylinder |
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