CN103563607A - Cultivating method for potatoes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivating method for potatoes. The technical characteristics are as follows: the line spacing is arranged as 42.5cm; the row spacing is arranged as 37.5cm; the ridge edge is remained for 15-20cm: 187kg potatoes are sowed in per mu land. During a cultivating process, the bud eyes of the seed potatoes are upward placed; after the planting, 8-10cm thick straws are evenly covered: equivalently, 1500kg straws are applied to per mu land. According to the invention, the technique of cultivating the potatoes by covering the straws in the whole process under non-tillage paddy-upland rotation is mainly utilized, the traditionally planting method for the potatoes is changed and the economic benefit for following the plough of peasants is increased. Harvest in batches is a very important way for enhancing the effect and the potatoes can be timely sold in the market. Thus, 'three-high and one-low' effects, namely, the effects of high output, high peasant, high benefit, and low cost and investment, are realized.

Description

The cultivation method of a kind of potato

Technical field

The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of potato, is mainly to utilize paddy field to adopt the method for rice field-upland field rotation non-tillage field, the omnidistance mulching plant potato of straw.

Background technology

One of the main cultivation vegetable variety in potato Shi Wo city, plants with a long history.Yet traditional planting patterns not only yields poorly, and little potato, pityriasis simplex potato, lopsided potato are many, and commodity rate is low, and cost-effective benefit is poor.Especially ignore crop rotation even with solanaceous crops crop rotation, cause the damage by disease and insect such as late blight, bacterial wilt, cutworm, grub increasingly to increase the weight of, to output, be that the plantation that causes potato has formed serious threat.Based on Ci，Wo city, at rear Bai Zhenlin Mei Cun, utilize non-tillage field, the omnidistance mulching plant potato of straw, and succeed at one stroke.Practical proof this technology effectively suppressed the growths of weeds, and continuous cropping has been avoided in rice field-upland field rotation, disease pest and weed is lighter, really be saving of labor's abridged edition, increase production and improve productivity, a new measure in simple and easy to do, practical, cultivation technique ，Ye Shiwo city's potato culture history of being easy to promote.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the cultivation method of a kind of potato, this method adopts non-tillage field, the omnidistance mulching plant pattern of straw, be convenient to gather in batches, listing in time, do not affect again the continued growth of little potato piece simultaneously, be conducive to improve per unit area yield, and the potato piece early going public is distributed in upper soll layer, potato piece color and luster is fresh and tender, potato shape is round and bright and clean, during results, band soil is few, damaged few, exterior of commodity quality better, commodity rate is high, potato Mei ㎏ unit price than the listing of general planting method will exceed 0.3～0.4 yuan, and it is low to have alleviated concentrated listed price, be difficult to the pressure of selling, realized the doulbe-sides' victory of output and benefit.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is realized by following scheme: the precocious late round-grained rice paddy rice of front stubble, and no-tillage plate stubble field, soil property is brown yellow clay loam, middle fertility.First ditch, organic fertilizer, more whole ridge.During whole ridge, will spread even organic manure in conjunction with the broken ditch of shovel soil, hoe removes large grass, but can not be with the agent of hoeing up weeds.Row spacing 160cm is advisable, and be convenient in the future field operation and gather in batches, the wide 20cm of furrow, dark 15cm, surrounding irrigation and drainage furrow width, each 25cm deeply, guarantee that irrigation and drainage are freely.Select precocious virus-free seed potatos such as " grams new No. one " or " Dongnong303 "; Potato seed vernalization length 0.5～1.0 ㎝, potato seed stripping and slicing on March 12, each stripping and slicing 30～40g is advisable, and has 1～2 sturdy bud at least, and shapes of cutout for well, cuts that 350 times of immersions of rear use 50% carbendazol wettable powder are wet to be picked up with tetrahedron, puts ventilating and cooling place.Sowing on March 13, every bed planting 4 row, line-spacing 42.5 ㎝, spacing in the rows 37.5 ㎝, 15～20 ㎝ are stayed on limit, ridge, every mu of sowing potato 187 ㎏.During cultivation, potato seed eye is upwards put, and the thick straw of 8～10cm on uniform fold immediately after cultivation, amounts to every mu of field straw 1500kg, and straw will be paved with whole ridge face and not interspace.Potato is happiness potassium crop, because omnidistance straw covers, should the disposable base manure that uses sufficient, and execute decomposed manure 1500kg for every mu, and arrange in pairs or groups in right amount high-efficient granule composite fertilizer or the ash that becomes thoroughly decomposed, after this do not refertilize to maturation .during city's potato growth, long-term natural precipitation meets substantially needs water requirement, but new straw covers rear poor permeability, and earth's surface absorbs water less, and easily arid, makes potato seedling growth retardation, and the soil moisture conservation if continuous sunny need be poured water in time, guarantees to broadcast full stand.While pouring water, to take not drift of straw be degree to water layer, and drain the water away in time.Straw has suppressed the growth of weeds effectively after covering, improved earth's surface microclimate, is conducive to growing of potato.Continuous cropping has been avoided in rice field-upland field rotation, and disease pest and weed is all lighter, suitable for producing non-harmful product.The omnidistance straw mulching plant of non-tillage field potato, more than 70% potato piece is distributed on ground surface, as long as just push straw aside and can gather, very convenient.Therefore, the visual market conditions of peasant household are waited for the right price to sell, and the listing of in batches gathering, after harvesting builds straw, and little potato piece can continued growth, and when plant to be planted is substantially withered and yellow, the clear field of property allows stubble again.So not only output is high, high efficiency, has also won the initiative of selling simultaneously and has staggered farming season, has avoided concentrated list marketing difficult, has guaranteed early to allow stubble, is conducive to lower batch rice high yield.

Advantage of the present invention is to have changed traditional implantation methods, has also broken the mythology of " potato should not be planted in paddy field "; This technology is an effective abridged edition, volume increase, synergy, easily row easily pushes away practical agriculture light cultivation new technology, the potato listing of plantation early, high efficiency, and early rise stubble and be conducive to lower batch rice high yield.This paddy rice → potato → paddy rice floods and droughts, grain are through rotation system, and the grain of can yet be regarded as, through win-win, is gone after profits and advoided disadvantages, the adaptive type culture technique of achieving many things at one stroke.

Claims (1)

1. a cultivation method for potato, line-spacing 42.5 ㎝, spacing in the rows 37.5 ㎝, 15～20 ㎝ are stayed on limit, ridge, and the thick straw of 8～10cm on uniform fold immediately after cultivation, amounts to every mu of field straw 1500kg.