CN103562472A - Building construction - Google Patents

Building construction Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103562472A
CN103562472A CN201280025002.5A CN201280025002A CN103562472A CN 103562472 A CN103562472 A CN 103562472A CN 201280025002 A CN201280025002 A CN 201280025002A CN 103562472 A CN103562472 A CN 103562472A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
extension
roof
building
building structure
unit
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Granted
Application number
CN201280025002.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103562472B (en
Inventor
N·J·P·佩仁
T·A·格兰特
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Tektum Ltd
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Tektum Ltd
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Priority claimed from AU2011901059A external-priority patent/AU2011901059A0/en
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Publication of CN103562472A publication Critical patent/CN103562472A/en
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Publication of CN103562472B publication Critical patent/CN103562472B/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/005—Modulation co-ordination
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34869—Elements for special technical purposes, e.g. with a sanitary equipment
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/14—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods
    • E04H9/145—Floods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/344—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts
    • E04B1/3442—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts folding out from a core cell
    • E04B1/3444—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts folding out from a core cell with only lateral unfolding
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
    • E04H2001/1283—Small buildings of the ISO containers type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather

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  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

In one preferred from there is provided a building construction 136. The building construction comprises a body portion 140 having a floor extension 142 adapted to extend from the body portion 142 and provide a floor area 144 wherein the floor extension 142 includes a facility 146 for receiving a building module.

Description

Building structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of building structure.In a kind of form of the present invention, provide a kind of prefabricated building unit that standard delivery container is transported as ISO (International Standards Organization).
Background technology
At present, there is certain demand in building and the house for cheap and sustainable production in enormous quantities.For example, the technology in current construction house is normally starved of manual and expensive.The typical house of great majority is all built at the scene.Need experienced operator to build house and connect needed pipe network (service).In addition, build house and will spend considerable time, common several months.
Work out the present invention and deal with this background and problem, and difficulty associated therewith.
Summary of the invention
According to the first aspect of preferred embodiment described here, a kind of building structure is provided, has comprised the main part with floor extension, floor extension is suitable for extending from main part, and floor area is provided, wherein floor extension comprises for holding the assembling facility of building block.
According to the second aspect of preferred embodiment described here, a kind of building structure is provided, the main part with case structure, be suitable for transporting as delivery container, wherein main part has superstructure, described superstructure has at least two elongated upper outer edges parts, wherein the inward direction of the part of at least one top edge in the top edge part of described two elongations be partly provided with groove device along at least one top edge.
According to the third aspect of preferred embodiment described here, a kind of building structure is provided, comprise main part and groove device, wherein groove device comprises movable hinge part and channel portions, movable hinge is partly suitable for roof extension to be installed to main part, movable hinge part is removable, to allow near the position of roof extension channel portions with respect to the main part angle that tilts, make when water drops on roof extension, water will flow in channel portions downwards along roof extension.
According to the fourth aspect of preferred embodiment described here, a kind of building structure is provided, comprise the main part with superstructure and substructure, substructure is suitable for providing at least one water tank, described at least one water tank is suitable for being drained, and for substructure provides enough buoyancy, to lift main part under flood state.
The 5th aspect according to preferred embodiment described here, provides a kind of building structure, comprises at least one module and panel system, and described module or each module are suitable for being set to delivery container under travel position; Described at least one module is suitable for providing a kind of building body, and the floor area of described building body under travel position is at least 2.5 times of combined horizontal area of module; And panel system comprises a plurality of interchangeable panels, thereby allow building to possess different vertical sections, to adapt to different site orientations and other condition.
The 6th aspect according to preferred embodiment described here, provides a kind of building structure, and it comprises main part and panel system; Wherein panel system comprises some interchangeable panels, and interchangeable panel can be set to as main part provides different vertical sections, thereby makes building adapt to different site orientations and condition.
According to the 7th aspect of preferred embodiment described here, a kind of building structure is provided, be used for providing building, this building structure comprises main part, floor extension and movable hinge part, hinge fraction is installed to floor extension the lower end of main part, and make floor extension is movably between folded state and extension state; Wherein, under folded state, floor extension provides the sidewall of building structure, and the building structure with ISO certification of carriage is provided at least in part; Further, wherein building structure also comprises roof extension, after floor extension has moved to extension state, described roof extension is positioned on building, with roof extension, compares, and floor extension has heavy weight.
According to the eight aspect of preferred embodiment described here, a kind of construction method is provided, comprising: building structure is provided; Swing floor extension, described floor extension is set to sidewall, and floor extension provides described building structure at least in part, and as ISO delivery container, wherein floor extension has sizable weight; Afterwards roof extension is connected to building structure, wherein roof extension has relatively light weight.
The 9th aspect according to preferred embodiment described here, provides a kind of construction method, comprising: building structure is provided, makes roof and floor extension with respect to the main body location of building structure; And below the extension of floor, provide floating installation, thereby help rising building structure during flood state.
The tenth aspect according to preferred embodiment described here, provides a kind of construction method, comprising: building structure is provided; Floor extension is extended, thereby the floor area of extension is provided; Utilize the facility of floor extension to hold building block; Make building block location, make building block that a part for the floor area of building structure is provided.
The tenth one side according to preferred embodiment described here, provides a kind of construction method, comprising: building structure is provided; Make roof and floor extension with respect to the main body location of building structure; Utilize the hinge roof extension of groove device to be set to the state with respect to the main body inclination of building structure, make when water drops on roof extension, water flow into downwards in the channel portions of groove device along roof extension.
According to the 12 aspect of preferred embodiment described here, a kind of unit for building is provided, this unit comprises base portion and is supported on the roof on base portion.
The tenth three aspects: according to preferred embodiment described here, provides a kind of building structure, and transportable module is provided, and this transportable module provides for being arranged on kitchen or the WC Facilities of larger building structure.
As here, by discussing, several preferred embodiment of the present invention is considered to advantageously:
(i) in the building of building utilizing prefabricated iso standard container module, provide to have the room area that improves spatial impression and comfort, wherein this building remains relatively and easily to manufacture and install.
(ii) provide the building that utilizes prefabricated iso standard container module and build, it has favourable rainwater catches and waterproof ability, remains relatively easily to manufacture and install simultaneously.
(iii) provide iso standard container module, it has prefabricated folding floor extension, and wherein, during building, container is placed side by side, thereby the building with favourable size is provided, and this building can hold building block.
(iv) provide the system with one or more containers, each container has ground plate portion, and wherein plate portion is collapsible, so that floor space is increased to three times.
(v) provide the building that utilizes prefabricated iso standard container module and build, it has favourable flood control capacity.
(vi) provide the system being formed by least one ISO delivery container module, this module has a plurality of panels, allows final building to possess different vertical sections, to adapt to different site orientations and other condition.
(vii) provide the system and method with favourable kitchen and washroom assembling facility and load module.
From the reading of accompanying drawing, claim and manual as a whole, by distinct other side, advantage and preferred feature.
Should understand, through elaborating each embodiment, and the present invention should not be regarded as being limited to any specific feature or the element of arbitrary embodiment.The present invention should not be regarded as being limited to any feature of several embodiment yet or be confined to any feature with respect to the described variant of these embodiment.Term building structure is interpreted as comprising transportable module and building component.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to contribute to understand better the present invention, now with reference to accompanying drawing, several preferred embodiments are described, wherein:
Fig. 1 to 9 provides and has shown according to several views of the construction method of first preferred embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 provides several views of the building structure of another preferred embodiment according to the present invention;
Figure 11 to 17 has shown the building structure completing according to another embodiment, and this building structure is to provide according to the method shown in Fig. 1 to 9;
Figure 18 and 19 has shown another building structure of another preferred embodiment according to the present invention;
Figure 20 a to 20f has shown another system and method according to another embodiment;
Figure 21 to 23 has shown kitichen and toilet module according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 24 has shown building structure according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 25 to 27 has shown building structure according to another embodiment of the present invention; And
Figure 28 to 45 has shown other preferred embodiments of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Referring to figs. 1 through 9, it has shown the construction method 10 according to first preferred embodiment of the invention.With reference to Fig. 3, specifically, construction method 10 has adopted two building structure 12, and itself has formed the preferred embodiments of the present invention.Advantageously, the method 10 is considered to provide the building that is easy to construction of several favorable characteristics with following discussion.
As shown in fig. 1, construction method 10 provides foot device 14.More particularly, in foot device 14, method 10 provides a plurality of the first batter portions 16, a plurality of midfoot 18 and a plurality of opposite side foot 20.It also provides the slide construction 22 that adopts a pair of joist 24 forms.
The first batter Bu16He opposite side foot 20 forms many rows 26, comprises first row 28, second row 30, the 3rd row the 32 and the 4th row 34.Advantageously, slide construction 22 provides the first midfoot 36 and the second midfoot 38, and it has formed a part for first row 28.
Midfoot 40 in midfoot 18 has formed a part for second row 30, and midfoot 42 has formed the 3rd row's 32 a part, and midfoot 44 has formed the 4th row's 34 a part.
As shown in Figure 2, first of building structure 12 is placed on: (i) in the first batter portion 16 of first row 28 and second row 30; And (ii) in midfoot 36 and midfoot 40.This utilizes crane to carry out.
The second building structure 12 is placed on: (i) in the opposite side foot 20 of first row 28 and second row 30; And (ii) in midfoot 36 and midfoot 40.Midfoot 36 and midfoot 40 are set to "T"-shaped foot, thereby advantageously support this two building structure 12.In method 10, building structure 12 is fixed in foot.
Each of two building structure 12 is all set to standard container module 46, and it is certified meets ISO transportation standard.Each of standard module 46 comprises main part 48, and it has favourable groove device 50.
As shown in Figure 4, the groove device 50 of each standard module 46 comprises movable hinge part 52 and channel portions 54.Under the folded state for transporting, as shown in Figure 3, each groove device 50 is advantageously protected by several floor extensions 56, and it is connected on the lower part 58 of each module 46.In this embodiment, floor extension 56 is connected to lower part 58 by several butt hinges 60.
Floor extension 56 is set to the form by outer panels, and is unfolded in method 10, thereby forms as shown in Figure 5 floor area 62.For floor area 62 is provided, swing the top of each floor extension 56, make it the upper part 64 away from each corresponding module 46.Floor extension 56 is shelved and is fixed in foot 14.
Fig. 6 to 8 has shown roof extension 66 has been connected to the process in the main part 48 of each module 46.The movable hinge part 52 of module 46 is suitable for installing a plurality of roof components 68 that adopt roof panels form, thereby forms roof extension 66, and it is installed to main part 48.Movable hinge part 52 can move to the centre position 72 shown in Fig. 6 from the primary importance 70 shown in Fig. 4.In method 10, several roof components 68 are connected in series along hinge 52, make roof component 68 extend to opposite side from an integrally-built side, thereby form roof extension 66.
Advantageously, in this embodiment, with roof extension 66, compare, floor extension 56 has relatively heavy weight, thereby provides weight for the base portion of final building.Advantageously, with regard to provided stability, floor extension 56 provides sensation the floor area similar to the house with concrete floor.By first that floor extension 56 is folding downwards, thus the heaviest part is folding downwards.Then by shown in the lighter roof component that in succession connects in centre position 72 can advantageously provide roof extension 66.Assembly in this vertical-type position allows the waterproof quality of the roof extension 66 after the personnel of assembling building have advantageously assessed.During transportation, six roof components 68 are provided in each structure 12, thereby provide whole roof extension at either side.
Turn back to Fig. 7, groove device 50 provides elongated passage 74, and it has the first lateral parts 76 and the second lateral parts 78.The first lateral parts 76 is set to extend for the length along main part 48, and the second lateral parts is set to extend for the marginal portion 80 along roof extension 66.
In method 10, as shown in Figure 8, roof extension 66 moves by outside oscillating motion, and wherein hinge 52 moves to the obliquity 82 shown in Fig. 8 from the centre position 72 shown in Fig. 6.When roof extension 66 has been elevated to enough height, utilize traditional method of attachment that a plurality of support components 84 are mounted and fixed on to correct position.Opposite side in each module 46 repeats this process, and it has identical favourable mirror image groove device, thereby the building structure 86 of extending completely shown in Fig. 9 is provided.After carrying out this process, remove several Support brackets 88.
In view of hinge fraction 52 72 is movably from the vertical position shown in Fig. 3 to centre position, make roof extension finally be fixed on the obliquity 82 shown in Fig. 8, the form of this building structure 86 and arrange and be considered to favourable.
Described in figure and the structure of shown groove device 50 be considered to for advantageously protecting main part 48 to avoid infiltration, and in prefabricated Dual module container system, provide favourable water capture ability.
With reference to Figure 10, shown the favourable building structure 90 according to another preferred embodiment.Building structure 90 comprises main part 92 and groove device 94.Groove device 94 comprises movable hinge part 96 and channel portions 98.Movable hinge part 96 is suitable for roof extension 100 to be installed to main part 92.Movable hinge part 96 is removable to allow near the position of roof extension 100 channel portions 98 with respect to main part 92 angle that is inclined upwardly.Therefore when water drops on roof extension 100, by Action of Gravity Field, impel water to flow in channel portions 98 along roof extension 100 downwards.
Groove device 94 provides elongated path 10 2, and it has the first lateral parts 104 and the second lateral parts 106.The first lateral parts 104 is set to extend along the length of main part 92, and the second lateral parts 106 is set to along the marginal portion 108 of roof extension 100 and extends.
In this embodiment, groove device 94 is located in the first side 110 of building structure 90, and the groove device 112 of " mirror image " is located on opposite side 114.Groove device 94 and groove device 112 have formed whole groove device 116.
Under the state in transportation, both are advantageously protected groove device 94 and groove device 112 by the elongated side panel of the side direction of main part 92, and it adopts the form of two floor extensions 118.These two floor extensions 118 extend upward under travel position, with the side of protecting groove device 94 and groove device 112 to avoid being caused by fork truck, damage.
As shown in Figure 10, channel portions 98 is set to U-shaped channel part 120, and it is positioned between roof extension 100 and the remainder of main part 92.Because channel part 120 has the conventional size for groove, so channel part 120 can advantageously utilize ladder and traditional extendible groove cleaner easily to clean.
In groove device 94, hinge fraction 96 comprises elongated butt hinge 122, and it has as shown in the figure for being connected to the first blade 124 of channel portions 98 and for being connected to the second blade 126 on roof extension 100.Various hinges and linkage are all feasible certainly.
Main part 92 has the slightly upper part 128 of low dip, for impelling the water dropping on comprised upper part 128 to flow into groove device 94.In this embodiment, upper part 128 is with the slightly shape inclination of microprotrusion.
As discussing, each side of building structure 90 is set to elongated floor extension 118 to be provided, it is suitable for extending from the lower part of main part 92, and floor area is provided.Floor extension 130 is locked in correct position for the object of transportation.Floor extension slightly exceeds outside main part 92 center major part 132, thereby intensity is during transportation provided.The width of the floor extension 130 that each is elongated (vertically height) is just greater than the height of the major part 132 of main part 92 slightly.
Advantageously, the hinge fraction 96 of groove device 94 allows roof extension 100 wider in fact than the height of main part 92, makes when building is assembled, and a kind of suitable spaciousness sense and comfort are provided.
This embodiment is considered to provide a kind of building structure 90, and it has the main part 92 of case structure, and it is suitable for transporting as delivery container.Floor extension 130 provides superstructure, and at least two elongated upper outer edges parts 134 that provided by floor extension 118 are provided for it, and wherein groove device 94 and groove device 112 are inwardly to arrange.Groove device extends along outer edge part 134, and in part, provides the passage 120 for flowing water in the above.For the reason of discussing above, building structure 90 is considered to favourable.
Forward Figure 11 to, whole building structure 136 providing according to method 10 has been provided for it.Building structure 136 comprises two modular building structure 138, and it is suitable for transporting as the delivery container of ISO certification.
Each modular building structure 138 comprises main part 140, and it has the floor extension 142 that pivot is connected to the lower part of corresponding main part 140 rotatably.In other embodiments, can not provide pivot rotary connector, and floor extension 142 can manually utilize suspender belt and chain to position, suspender belt and chain for retraining the lower limb of each floor extension 142 between decrement phase.Significantly, utilize manual positioning system, do not having under the condition of monolithic pivot, also preferably during transportation floor extension is vertically arranged on the main underframe of building structure 138.This can advantageously utilize bolt connected system to realize, and it will carry out further discussing in detail with reference to Figure 18 and 19 below.
Return to the embodiment of Figure 11, each floor extension 142 is suitable for extending from main part 140, and floor area 144 is provided.As shown in the figure, the floor area 144 being provided by two extensions 142 combines and is approximately 2/3 of total floor area.
In addition, each floor extension 142 comprises assembling facility 146, and it is for holding the building block 148 (seeing Figure 13) that adopts kitchen or washroom module 150 forms.Building structure 138 is set to mirror image form, wherein assembles the bight that facility 146 is located at each corresponding building structure 138.By being set to mirror image form, this means that assembling facility 146 provides center assembling facility in whole building structure 136.
With reference to Figure 11 to 13, each assembling facility 146 comprises removable section 152, and they can be from 142 dismountings of corresponding floor extension, so that floor recess 154 (seeing Figure 12) to be provided, for holding building block 148 corresponding half (seeing Figure 13).
As shown in FIG., recess 154 is all positioned on the side direction outward flange of building structure 136, and is location placed in the middle.Although each building structure 138 provides the recess that only holds building block 148 half level cross sections, the recess 156 of whole building structure 136 holds whole cross sections (in horizontal plane) of building block.This has shown in Figure 12.By removing the center panel, recess 156 is set, each the center panel forms the only about half of of corresponding floor extension 142.
Before building block 148 is installed, at building structure 136 center, several ponds 158 are provided.This has shown in Figure 14.
As shown in Figure 15, provide a kind of sliding system 160, it is suitable for allowing building block 148 to be easy to location.Sliding system 160 comprises two isolated joists, and it allows building block 148 face that is placed on it, and slides in the recess 156 of whole building structure 136.As shown in the figure, joist vertically extends from building structure 136.If the relatively pinpoint words of joist also can be used as guider.In this embodiment, removable section 152 is advantageously used in the another base plate that balcony form is provided.
As shown in Figure 15 to 17, building block 148 is placed on the joist of outside, house.Module end cover is removed, and makes module slide into installation site along joist.Then inwall panel and outer wall panel can be installed.
In this embodiment, building block comprises kitchen/washroom module.Each floor extension is suitable for vertically installing under travel position, then carries out horizontal location, so that floor area to be provided.Detachable part is divided near the drift angle of floor extension, thereby recess relatively placed in the middle is provided when being removed, to hold the floor of recess/assembling facility of rectangular configuration.Although removable section is preferred, allowing other erecting device that comprises kitchen/washroom module is also feasible certainly.The whole recess providing holds whole floor areas of building block.
With reference to Figure 18, it has shown another embodiment of the present invention.This embodiment comprises the building unit 139 of single 40 feet, and it is advantageously provided the form into the iso standard delivery container of modular 40 feet.Several floor extension 141 use bolts are connected on main underframe 143.Bolt connects along top 147 and bottom margin 149 and occurs.Advantageously, in this embodiment, comprise whole sides of the building unit 139 of its drift angle and base angle built-up member, comprise the single lead frame of floor extension 141.This has shown in Figure 18, and favourable intensity is provided.
In addition, Figure 19 has also shown use bolt 151 and mounting portion 153, and it is for being during transportation fixed to floor extension 141 main underframe 143.Mounting portion is to open wide to arrange, and to allow to be easy to contact nut, nut is for being fixed to the opposite end of bolt 151.Several structure is also feasible certainly.
After the bolt of outwarding winding, floor extension moves from vertical installation site, then carries out horizontal location, thereby forms the floor area extending.This can realize by several method, comprises and for example manually utilizes suspender belt, chain or bracket, and it retrains lower limb at assembly process.Floor extension 141 is across the full height of main underframe 143.This is considered to favourable.
In this embodiment, building unit 139 comprises the container of single/modular 40 feet of reinforcements, but not two 20' containers that join end to end and place.In several situation, this is considered to reduce significantly needed the number of components, and has therefore reduced cost, and has simplified transportation and installed.Fastening devices comprises by making bolt 151 extend through the main edge frame 155 of each floor extension 141, thereby with bolted floor extension 141.This is also considered to favourable, because bolt can advantageously transmit impact load, and during transportation floor extension 141 is remained on desired position.
With reference to accompanying drawing, its also shown floor extension each 141 advantageously with respect to underframe 143, vertically and flatly formed the side of complete container.Floor extension 141 provides iso standard bight 157, as a part for its outside framework 155.Iso standard bight foundry goods 157 is separated with center underframe 143 as shown in the figure, and wherein extension 141 use bolts in floor tie and are connected on underframe 143.By carrying out by this way bolt connection, floor extension 141 is advantageously fixed in mode firmly.
Each of floor extension 141 all provides the underframe 143 that it is connected with bolt to play the structural framing of similar structures booster action.
During installation, floor extension 141 departs from the center underframe 143 of container, utilizes pivoting movement (but there is no monolithic pivot) to drop to correct position, then by bolt, reconnects.
In addition, one of them floor extension 141 of modular 40 feet of building units 139 has advantageously provided assembling facility.Assembling facility is advantageously suitable for holding the separated building structure that adopts kitchen or washroom modular form.Allow separated building unit to be inserted into the room that is considered to advantageously provide relative full-size in container.With other container construction unit, compare, kitchen is not positioned in relative narrow 40' container center spine with washroom.In this embodiment, kitchen and washroom module be contained in one of them the floor extension 141 extending from the base portion of underframe 143/on.
With reference to Figure 20 a to 20f, it has shown the construction method 159 that whole 40 feet of building units are provided according to another embodiment.As shown in the figure, floor extension provides iso standard bight 161.Kitchen/washroom module is transported as the container with floor 163.Kitchen/sanitary unit also provides ISO end support 165 and has protected top 167.During installation, separately the floor 163 of the module of transportation is directed to correct position, and forms a part for final floor area.Protect top reusable, and advantageously comprise floor as the floor of a part for topping, it is as a part for the balcony of this building.
Figure 21 to 23 has shown according to the present invention the modular unit 169 of another preferred embodiment.It is the container 171 of 20 feet that modular unit 169 is advantageously provided.Container 171 advantageously comprises underframe 173, and it has the box frame 175 with inner reinforcement 177.Framework 173 is elongated, and comprises the first end 179 and the second end 183.
The first load-carrying unit 185 is installed to the first end 179, and the second load-carrying unit 187 (not shown)s are installed to the second end 183.Load-carrying unit 185 and 187 is removably connected on underframe 172, and has the structure of relatively flat.Dismountable connector is set to several bolt Connection Elements as shown in the figure.Load-carrying unit 185 and 187 has the shape of protection underframe 173 circumferences, and has substantially crossed over whole width and the height of end 179,183.
Load-carrying unit 185,187 includes ISO corner elements 189.According to ISO delivery container standard, modular unit 169 is set.In addition,, for the larger modular unit of the above-mentioned type, modular unit 169 is designed to provide kitchen utilities and WC Facilities.By most of pipeline and kitchen utilities are provided in modular unit 169, can in larger modular unit (40 feet), advantageously transport other material, for example roof.The less modular unit 169 that comprises kitchen and WC Facilities is separately transported to assembling place.The applicant thinks that this is favourable.
Modular unit 169 can comprise low-friction material on its soffit, to contribute at assembly process, on a plurality of joists that are installed on larger modular unit, moves.This can for example comprise bar shaped nylon material.Capstan winch is preferably connected on the inward flange of the recess in the floor extension of being located at larger modular unit, and utilizes capstan winch that less unit 169 is drawn on joist.By being connected to bolt on larger unit, joist can be advantageously used in provides guider.This system preferably can by two or three relatively unskilled persons install.
Another advantage of this scheme is considered to it and allows the floor area in house relatively to maximize.The applicant thinks in certain embodiments, and this design binding modules roof system can provide extra in fact effective floor area.This is considered to allow the design of greater room, and it contributes to reach the object of the arc of creating house, and it seems the house with perceptual image built on-site.Kitchen and WC Facilities are medially positioned on the extension of floor, but not in main underframe.During transportation, compared with the relatively empty underframe of big unit, can be advantageously used in transportation other material, for example roof panels.This provides the feature of several favourable Assembling aspects.
With reference to Figure 24, it has shown the building structure 162 of another preferred embodiment according to the present invention.Building structure 162 comprises main part 164, and it has superstructure 166 and substructure 168.Substructure 168 is advantageously suitable for providing water tank 170, and it is to be suitable for being drained, thus under flood state for substructure 168 provides enough buoyancy, to lift main part 164.
Water tank 170 comprises the symmetrical mounting that is suitable for holding a plurality of foots 172 that extend through it, and allows to utilize the container of two ISO certifications to form this building.Water tank 170 is assemblied in substructure 168, thereby forms a part for substructure 168, and extends along its border.
Building structure 162 comprises vertical guidance system 174, and it is suitable for during flood state guide main body part 164 up and down.Vertically guidance system 174 comprises four guiding partss 176, and it is suitable for guide main body part 164 up and down.
It is particularly advantageous that building structure 162 is considered to for the use in the Floodplain area region at meeting experience flood.Conventionally, house there is made by ISO delivery container, otherwise will be flushed away.
In this embodiment, by make roof and base plate extension with respect to two prefabricated units location and floor extension below floating installation is provided, thereby building structure 162 is provided.
With reference to Figure 25, it has shown the building structure 178 of another preferred embodiment according to the present invention.The main body 180 being provided by two transportable modules 182 (as discussed before) is provided in building structure, and wherein, under travel position, each module 182 is suitable for being set to the form of ISO delivery container.Advantageously, module 182 can assemble from travel position, to building 184 under extension state is provided.As shown in Figure 25, building 184 has floor area 185, and while assembling under travel position, it is approximately three times of combined horizontal area of the base portion of module 182.Advantageously, building structure 178 also comprises panel system 186, and it comprises a plurality of interchangeable panels 188, thereby allows building 184 to possess different vertical sections, to adapt to different site orientations and other condition.
This building system is considered to particularly advantageous, because it allows to form building by the delivery container of ISO certification, wherein this building can carry out suitable adjustment by building workman, to adapt to site orientation.House-owner also can advantageously determine window, door and inwall are positioned to which position.
Embodiment described in before being similar to, the building body 180 of assembling comprises ground plate portion 190, when providing module 182 under travel position, it has formed the lateral parts of module 182.Ground plate portion 188 has at least formed a part for the floor area 184 in building body.Advantageously, around the border of floor area 185, interchangeable panel 188 can be set, thereby different vertical sections is provided.
As shown in Figure 25, panel system 186 comprises Wall board 194, high window panel 196, middle window panel 198, full window panel 200, door face board 202 and sliding sash dual platen 204.Except the width of sliding sash dual platen 204 is twices of normal width, each panel of panel system 186 advantageously has identical width.
Advantageously, by the modular construction of panel system is provided, can thinks and can manufacture at an easy rate the house of the container type of manufacture in enormous quantities.And can provide at an easy rate different vertical section and interior layouts.
As shown in Figure 26, floor area 185 is square substantially, comprises width 206 and height 208, and width 206 is approximately 6 standard panel width, and height 208 is approximately 6 standard panel width 206.This is considered to favourable.
Figure 27 has shown the cross section of Wall board 194.Advantageously, Wall board 194 is provided with extension 210 and pier base 212.Pier base 212 is set to soffit, for bearing ground plate portion 190.As shown in Figure 27, extension 210 from pier base 212 above to downward-extension, through above 214 of ground plate portion 190.This is for advantageously helping the junction between Wall board 194 and ground plate portion 190 to take precautions against bad weather.Extension is preferably longer than 10cm.In this embodiment, it is long that extension is approximately 30cm, and it is also located at ground plate portion 190 pond below for advantageously hiding.
The Wall board of panel system 186 is suspended on top, then with screw, along side, is connected with bottom, makes wiper seal be enough to waterproof.
In complete unit, in outer wall panel, there is no cable in addition, all power supplys and pipeline all pass main flooring structure and center underframe.For each room, with floor box, non-standard wall plugs mouth outlet is provided.
As detailed above, several preferred embodiments are considered to provide several system and methods, its advantageously:
(i) in the building of building utilizing prefabricated iso standard container module, provide to have the room area that improves spatial impression and comfort, wherein this building remains relatively and easily to manufacture and install.
(ii) provide the building that utilizes prefabricated iso standard container module and build, it has favourable rainwater catches and waterproof ability, remains relatively easily to manufacture and install simultaneously.
(iii) provide iso standard container module, it has prefabricated folding floor extension, and wherein, during building, container is placed side by side, thereby the building with favourable size is provided, and this building can hold building block.
(iv) provide the system with one or more containers, each container has ground plate portion, and wherein plate portion is collapsible, so that floor space is increased to three times.
(v) provide the building that utilizes prefabricated iso standard container module and build, it has favourable flood control capacity.
(vi) provide the system being formed by least one ISO delivery container module, this module has a plurality of panels, and it allows final building to possess different vertical sections, to adapt to different site orientations and other condition.
The decomposition diagram that has shown an embodiment of building according to Figure 28 to 45: Figure 28; Figure 29 has shown the step of an embodiment of method of setting up the building of Figure 28 according to one aspect of the invention; Figure 30 has shown the place that screw pile has been installed; Figure 31 is that it holds in folding mode and by screw pile according to a further aspect of the invention for the phantom drawing of an embodiment of two unit of building; Figure 32 has shown one of them unit, and wherein roof extension upwards swings; Figure 33 and Figure 34 have shown base portion extension, and it swings to extended position separately downwards; Figure 35 has shown some unit, and its inside is provided with subelement and on base portion extension, pillar has been installed; Figure 36 and 37 has shown roof extension, and it is in extended position separately; Figure 38 has shown the unit that outer panels has been installed; Figure 39 has shown finally or has approached the building of final form; Figure 40 has shown an example of capping, and it can form a part for Figure 31 unit; Figure 41 has shown an example of hinge, and it has more than one degree of freedom, and it is a part for the unit of Figure 31; Figure 41 has shown an example of the container in the building of Figure 28; Figure 43 has shown the various embodiment that can be assembled to the outer panels before building; And Figure 44 and 45 has shown an embodiment of the foldable wall under folding mode and extension mode respectively.
As shown in Figure 28, it represents the decomposition diagram of an embodiment of building generally by label 312.In this embodiment, sizable part of building 312 is manufactured in the in check environment of plant, prefabricated.This has reduced on-the-spot needed experienced operator's quantity and time
Building 312 transports with folded state as one or more unit.Under folded state, building 312 has and delivery container, the formalness that for example ISO delivery container matches.In environment herein, for another mark of delivery container, be intermodal container.For example, base portion can have the floor space identical with the base portion of ISO delivery container, roof also can have width and the length identical with the roof of ISO delivery container, and sidewall also can have width and the length identical with the corresponding sidewall of ISO delivery container.In some optional embodiment, the external form of folding unit can match with non-ISO container standard.The U.S. is used the longer unit of 48 feet (14.63m) and 53 feet (16.15m) conventionally.Some European Container is approximately wide many 2 inches, for 2.5m (8 feet 2.4 inches), to hold European pallet.Australia RACE container is also slightly wider, to hold Australian Standard pallet.
In this specific embodiment, this unit is not delivery container, but be constructed to the feature with some delivery container, it can be transported in through freight traffic system, and through freight traffic system for example can comprise for example portainer of container ship, container train, truck and special container handling equipment.Yet in another embodiment, this unit is to have passed through appropriate improved delivery container.
In a specific embodiment, the external form of this unit and high delivery container match.High cube container has the width of about 2.44m (8 feet) and the height of 2.89m (9.5 feet).Can obtain length for for example high cube container of 10,20,30 or 40 feet.In this embodiment, but not necessarily in all embodiment, the length of this unit is 20 feet.
By making, this unit is on-the-spot to be extended, conventionally in several weeks by house owner/construction worker, or in several days, assemble building 312 by experienced construction corps.
Figure 29 has shown the step of an embodiment of being set up the method for building 312 by one or more unit and subelement.In first step, for one or more unit (being 2 unit in this example) of building 312 for example unit 310,311 and subelement 374 be transported to certain place, wherein unit 310,311 and thereby final building 312 will be positioned at this place.Unit 310,311 is identical substantially, but needs not be identical, and has and delivery container, the size that for example ISO delivery container matches.In this embodiment, unit 310,311 has the external dimensions matching with high delivery container, and it is higher than " standard " delivery container.With utilizing the lower obtainable building of delivery container to compare, corresponding building thereby there is relatively high roof and relatively large internal capacity.Because unit 310,311 has the size matching with delivery container, so can utilize for carrying with the existing utility that transports delivery container, carry and delivery unit 310,311.In the embodiment of method shown in Figure 29, unit 310,311 transports on B-triple truck, and it is set to the delivery container for carrying ISO.The also carrying and transport and need to be positioned at the subelement 374 in unit 310,311 of B-triple truck.Conventionally, subelement 374 has also the external dimensions matching with delivery container, but this delivery container is less than the delivery container corresponding with unit 10 (conventionally lower but have identical floor space).The external dimensions of subelement can match with ISO delivery container.
In step 2, from the end of this unit, remove capping for example 374, then by for example crane, unit 310,311 is positioned end to end at the scene, crane is a part for truck.In this case, unit 310,311 is positioned on a plurality of pillars 360 (as shown in Figure 29), and each pillar has for example form of screw pile.Before delivery unit 310,311 and subelement 374, conventionally screw pile is arranged on to place.
With reference to unit 310, further explain the method hereinafter, but should understand, can carry out similar step to unit 311.
As shown in the figure, in step 2, unit 310 has the roof extension 18 of rectangle, and it is folded to form sidewall downwards, the extension on the rectangle roof 316 of forming unit 310 but it is extensible.During transportation, roof extension 318 is positioned at folding position by for example fixture, cable or bandage.Before roof upwards swings by its release.
When roof extension 318 swings upwards into lift mode, as shown in the figure, in step 3, rectangular base extension 320 has just revealed, the extension of the rectangular base 314 that it can forming unit 310 when downwards folding.Base portion extension 320 is during transportation fixed.When it will be to lower swing, first discharge base portion extension 320.
As shown in the figure, in step 4, base portion extension 320 is to lower swing, so that the larger floor area of floor area providing separately than base portion 314 to be provided.
In step 5, subelement 374 is arranged in one or more unit, and it has the form matching with 20 feet of ISO containers in this example.In this example, subelement is not high cube container.In this embodiment, subelement 374 can be washroom and/or kitchen, and can have all pipelines and other pipe network at correct position.Subelement can have one or more doors that for example lead to kitchen and/or washroom.
In step 6, roof extension 18 swings to extension mode downwards from lift mode.
In step 7, panel is around the circumference of extension apparatus 310 and place, and these panels are for example Wall board, door and exterior window.All panels can have identical width, and normally but not need must be 1.2m, and panel is interchangeable.Conventionally, when roof extension extended before floor extension extends, the use of panel is simplified significantly.
In figure, show each stage of another embodiment that sets up building 312 in greater detail.With similar label, represent with parts similar shown in 29 to Figure 28.
As shown in Figure 30, first in place, install and adopt for example a plurality of pillars of 360 and 362 forms of screw pile.Figure 31 has shown two unit that stick together for joining end to end of building, and top unit is represented by label 310, and rearmost unit is represented by label 311.When using as shown in Figure 32 these unit, resulting building can be described to modular building.Vertical curve represents the border of unit 310,311.Cover part is arranged on the border of roof separately and/or roof extension.Cover part adopts the form of sealing capping at this embodiment, it utilizes adhesive and/or securing member to connect.The unit showing in figure is positioned in staking out 360 with folding mode.Unit 310 has unlimited relative end 348,350, as unit 311.Yet during transportation, unlimited end 348,350 can be covered, extra closure construction has been strengthened unit, so that transportation.Installing under the condition of capping, unit can have the size that equals ISO delivery container, for example the high cube of 20 feet long.Removing under the condition of capping, the comparable ISO delivery container in unit is slightly short.For example can remove at the scene capping, and be used as the member of building 132.Figure 40 has shown the front perspective view of an example of capping 374.The rear end of capping is opened wide, and presents the cavity of accomodating unit end therein.Capping can be set to by a pair of collaboration elements and intermodal container vehicle, and for example container ship engages, and this is positioned at respectively in one of them of capping and vehicle each of element.When element engages, just can in carrying and transportation, fix this unit.This element can be the standard ISO mounting points 376 of for example bight foundry goods form, a kind of element matching with twistlock (a kind of fastening means for Container Transport industry).Can use any suitable fastening system.Element 376 can be positioned on one or more bights of capping 374, just as delivery container.
Unit 310 has roof extension 318, and it can adopt folding mode, extension mode or lift mode.In Figure 31, show that roof extension 318 is in folding mode (folding) downwards.In this embodiment, roof extension 318 is extending in whole span between base portion and roof substantially, thus the outer wall of forming unit 310.In other embodiments, roof extension does not extend in gamut span.In this embodiment, roof extension is slightly less than the outer wall of high cube container, and specifically, in this embodiment, but needn't be in all embodiments, its width is approximately 2.8m.
When unit is during in folding mode, base portion extension 320 is positioned at after roof extension 318.Base portion extension 320 can adopt folding mode or extension mode.In Figure 31, show that base portion extension 320 is in folding mode.Base portion extension has the width of 2.4m.In this embodiment, but needn't be in all embodiments, base portion extension 320 has the width less than roof extension, and thereby in the whole span between base portion 314 and roof 316, does not extend.This can be by roof extension be connected to mechanism on unit for example hinge space is provided.Under extension mode, base portion extension 320 is extensions of base portion 314; The end face of base portion and base portion extending part are in identical plane.
Because roof extension has the width larger than roof extension, so house is provided with awning.Awning has advantageously improved passive thermal management capabilities, makes house inhabitation preferably.
Roof extension 318 has proximal edge 322 and the remote edge 324 on close roof 316.When roof extension 318 adopts folding mode, remote edge 324 is positioned near base portion 314.Yet under extension mode, the remote edge 324 of roof extension 318 is increased to the top of roof extension 318 proximal edge 322, as shown in Figure 28.The space that inner space provides than container is conventionally higher, because remote edge has raise.On the outward flange 324 in house, provide than the larger height in inner space below roof 316.This has strengthened the spatial impression in house, especially, when outwards looking, has surpassed the remote edge of roof extension.Equally, the sloping inwardly of roof extension causes the rainwater dropping on house 312 inwardly to flow, its can be got up by centralized collection and by pipeline transport in storage cistern, be for example positioned in the pond below house.
As shown in Figure 32, roof extension 318 can upwards swing at least in this embodiment and surpass 180 degree, thereby manifests base portion extension 320.Roof extension 318 is connected to roof by the hinge 342 shown in Figure 28.The use of hinge is easily, because when roof extension swings, and its half weight of extension that gives support to a roof.Hinge also makes roof extension aim in advance with respect to roof and wall.Similarly, base portion extension 320 is connected on base portion 314 by another hinge 344 shown in Figure 32.
As shown in Figure 32, the roof extension of the roof extension under lift mode conventionally and under folding mode forms the angle between 180-270 degree.This roof extension is actually one of them of two roof extensions, and under lift mode, extension remote edge separately in roof is placed on together.This is metastable position, if when especially extension is secured together, and does not need costliness and heavy equipment to bring extension into lift mode, or holds them under this pattern.Under this pattern, roof extension is self-supporting, and in the initial stage of setting up, be convenient to not take up space (out of way).
As shown in Figure 33, after roof extension 318 upwards swings, base portion extension 320 can swing to extended position downwards.
Hinge 342 is arranged so that roof extension 318 is swingable to above or below roof 316, and therefore in transportation, the construction of building be applicable to various positions between the final operating period.This can not utilize prior-art devices.Can use provides along path but not around the hinge of axial-movement.That is to say, the hinge that use has two or more degree of freedom may be favourable, example double-strand chain as shown in Figure 42.Double-strand chain has the first pivot 380 and the second pivot 382, and these pivots are all connected to the shared link of pivot 383.The first pivot 380 is connected to the first blade 384, and second is pivotally connected to the second blade 386.Because the angle between each blade and link may change, so be different from the standard hinge only with one degree of freedom, this double-strand chain has 2DOF.In use, the first blade can be fastened to the inner surface on the roof 16 of neighboring edge, and the second blade is connected to the inner surface of roof extension 318.When roof extension extends, around the rotation of the first pivot 380, cause the second pivot 382 to swing out from inside, unit, and decontrol roof.Then can make roof extension rotate under the condition that does not have roof to disturb around the second pivot.Can adopt the hinge having more than 2 degree of freedom.Can adopt the hinge with one or more translation freedoms.In the present embodiment, chain connection is to the external surface of unit, yet it can be connected to the inner surface of unit as mentioned above.This protects hinge during transportation waits, and in this case, hinge can not exceed the size of standard container, take standard container and make as model in this unit.
This unit 312 at least has waterproofing materials in the part on the border between roof and roof extension.In this embodiment, this material adopts the form of waterproof film band, for example PVC plastic plate or asphalt plank band.In other embodiments, waterproofing materials may be to lay and allow curing film, for example silicon with fluid form.
Conventionally, roof extension 318 swings around hinge 344 between folding mode and extension mode, yet should understand, roof extension does not need with gemel.In optional embodiment, roof 316 (or even base portion 314) can depart from from unit, then under needed position or pattern, reconnects.
As can be seen from Figure 33, roof 316 is supported on the top of base portion 314 by a plurality of columns 346, and column extends between base portion 314 and roof 316.Column 346 may be, for example, and the steel pipe of square-shaped cross sectional profile, or be timber in certain embodiments.For column 346, conventionally can use any suitable material.These columns depart from from the bight of unit.The whole length that this allows extension to cross over unit under folding mode.
As shown in Figure 33, base portion extension 320, when extension mode, is seated in a plurality of pillars for example on 362.Pillar 362 can adopt for example form of screw pile, or adopts the form with the brick stake of concrete foundation alternatively.Conventionally can adopt the form of any suitable pillar.Yet screw pile can rapid deployment.Base portion extension (with actual base portion) can have for example whole stiffener of connecting post.
As shown in Figure 35, at roof extension 318, upwards swing, and base portion extension 320 is under the condition of lower swing, unit 310 can hold subelement 374, and it has the length that the ISO delivery container long with 20 feet matches in this embodiment.In certain embodiments, more than one subelement is arranged in unit 310.In this embodiment, this unit comprises kitchen and washroom.Other unit can be for example bedroom or study or some other special room.
Each of embodiment that unit 310 and subelement 374 are shown is all set to for holding one or more pipe networks, for example for example phone or Internet and sewage network of water supply network, gas transmission pipeline net work, power supply pipe network, communication pipe network.For example, unit 310 can be rightly with one or more distribution boards and electrical outlet, for holding pipe and the hole of cable and for the pipeline of pipe and cable through it.Hole can be covered, so that the transportation of unit and carrying.The outside network of this unit can comprise for connecting the electrical cnnector of electrical network (grid).Connector can be recess.Electric wire for example for example can be positioned on, in the cavity of floor.Conventionally, except house being connected to power supply unit for example electrical network, need to not carry out extra electric operation in the inside, house in place.In this embodiment, subelement 374 has rest room, shower house, stove and baking box, and all these is connected on the pipe network pipeline in unit for example, for example, on wire and pipe.
The subelement of this embodiment has base portion, and it is removed before in being arranged at one or more unit.In this case, from unit to the inside of subelement, there is no ladder (step).
Subelement 374 has container 388, and as shown in Figure 41, it is suitable for keeping hot material (thermal mass), for example water, sand or any suitable material that can save heat.Container is conventionally near the sidewall of subelement, and is fixed to the wall of subelement.When subelement is installed, container is positioned near the center of building or its ideally.This unit is to transport under the condition of container sky.Empty container has reduced the quality of subelement between transportation and installation period.In one form, this container is the pond of about 1,000 liter.Once install subelement, for example water just can be filled in pond, and water transports by the flexible pipe being connected on water main.Alternatively, can use and may be derived from on-the-spot sand, soil etc.Hot material can contribute to make the temperature stabilization in building, thereby better indoor climate is provided, and hot matter transportation that need not be unnecessary.
As can be seen from Figure 35, a plurality of pillars, adopt steel post 376 forms in this embodiment, are erected at the top of base portion extension 320.Column is for example on 376 screw piles that are positioned at separately.As shown in figure 36, then roof extension 318 swings under extension mode downwards, thereby is shelved on pillar 376.Extension can have the whole gusset plate of connecting post.Roof extension under extension mode and the roof under folding mode form the angle of 50-135 degree.
As shown in Figure 36, wall is arranged in this unit.At least one of wall 412 is folding wall, and it transports with folding mode (Figure 44), and adopts extension mode (Figure 45) after installing.Wall has material the first plate 414 and material the second plate 416.Structure 418 is connected to the first plate and the second plate.This structure, at least in this embodiment, has hinge, but can use any suitable equivalent constructions, for example joint.In this embodiment, in fact this structure has two double-strand chains 418.Double-strand chain has the first blade and the second blade, and the first blade is connected to the first plate, and the second blade is connected to the second plate.Double-strand chain is positioned between plate.When structure is during in folding mode, plate is than extension mode relative more close (be 100mm but not 300mm spacing).Once extend, can by material for example interval insulant be arranged in the space between plate.
Figure 38 has shown the building that outer wall panel is installed.Panel is interchangeable, to be applicable to place specification and orientation.Because outer wall is panel, so can change as required clad material.For example, clad material may be fiber cement, timber, metal sheet, plastics etc.Because in this embodiment, outer wall is unsettled, so compare with the outer wall that is hinged to roof and/or base portion and can outwards swing on hinge, they have the water resistance of improvement.The load-bearing feature of building 312 is pillars 376.Outer wall is self-supporting, and final structure is relatively easily built, and significantly light.
Base portion extension can have proximal edge and the remote edge of close base portion.In this embodiment, but needn't be in all embodiments, remote edge is set to for holding the respective edges of panel.In this specific embodiment, remote edge is set to the splice panel by a pair of collaboration elements, and this is positioned at respectively in one of them of remote edge and panel each of element.Collaboration elements can comprise pin, and it is set to be positioned in corresponding recess.Yet in another embodiment, collaboration elements can comprise the rib of protrusion, it is set to for being positioned at corresponding groove.Conventionally can adopt any suitable joint element.In certain embodiments, can preferably have male element, for example, sell or rib, it is positioned on panel.This is because when setting up building, and the male element being positioned on the remote edge of base portion extension will easily be scratched and/or damage.Male element on panel obtains some protection by adjacent structure, is the flange 408 of the downward protrusion shown in Figure 43 the most significantly.Panel can comprise one of them in window for example, Wall board and door.
Figure 43 has shown the various embodiment by the outer panels of label 390 to 400 expressions.Panel 390 for example have the first end 402 and with isolated the second end 404 of the first end 402.Surface 406 is arranged between end.This surface can be the surface of external surface, door, window, two sliding sash, sliding door of for example coating etc.As shown in the best in panel 400, each of panel all has flange 408, and it is parallel to this surface, and one of them end connecting from it extends.This flange has the surface being suitable for as external surface.For example, external surface can be to scribble paint or the metal of processing or timber, plastics etc., and can bear bad weather and/or sunlight.Flange 408 is substantially in the plane identical with surface 406.Flange can comprise heat-barrier material, and it has covered the edge of base portion and/or base portion extension.Alternatively or additionally, between flange and base portion, heat-barrier material can be set, for example glass fiber straw mats.When base portion and/or base portion extension are favourable by heat conducting material when for example steel is made, it will be typically used as at the edge of base portion/base portion extension and the heat pipe between inside, unit.Flange also can contribute to this structurally waterproof, because they can terminate at below the bottom of base portion extension or its.Be positioned at flange below be one or more elements, itself and element cooperation corresponding on the remote edge of base portion extension.
Figure 38 has shown finally or has approached the building of final form.Verge board (eaves board) 368 has been arranged on the end of unit, is positioned at the top of end panel 372.Verge board comprises the material of high thermal resistance, such as glass fiber straw mats, air blown plastics, such as these homologues such as styrenic foams or any other suitable material.Preferably, can use biodegradable heat-barrier material.One or more glass elements 370 are arranged on the top of sidewall panel 336,338.Conventionally, each includes the face glass of high thermal resistance glass elements, for example double window, low-E glass or even vacuum glazing.
Final building 312, as shown in Figure 38, it may be without any the feature of associating delivery container for example.
Conventionally, the embodiment of unit 310 is set to for holding at least one solar collector, for example photoelectric panel or solar energy hat water heater.Roof or roof extension can have the support 374 that connects or form in the inside, and it is easy to join to solar collector or solar collector support component.In the present embodiment, by adhesive, for example bi-component epoxide-resin or cyanoacrylate adhesive are fixed on outer end face installing plate 374 (Figure 28).The use of adhesive is preferable over for example use of screw of machanical fastener, the penetrable one or more holes that form in roof of screw.These holes can provide pipeline, wherein water or other materials can enter by this pipeline the inside of unit, and this is contretemps normally.This device may be the starting point of corrosion.Installing plate can be made by for example aluminium, but can use any suitable material.Alternatively or additionally, one or more outer wall panels for example 390 can have one or more supports for example 374, join solar collector or solar collector support component to.In another embodiment, Wall board can have whole solar collector.Solar collector can be at building in final or install while approaching end-state.
Thereby from one aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of ，Gai unit, unit for building to comprise base portion and the roof that is supported on base portion top.
In this unit Ke factory, carry out prefabricatedly, and form at least a portion of pre-fabricated building or modular building.Can adopt mass production techniques, to reduce cost and construction time.Because the unit from factory may be similar or identical, thus can realize large-scale production, thus reduce cost.When producing in the in check typical environment of plant, the quality of this unit, for example wherein one or more of the sustainability of energy Ratios, the material that uses or architecture quality may be higher, and more definite.
In an embodiment, this unit comprises roof extension, and it has folding mode and extension mode, and under folding mode, the surface of roof extension is also the lateral surface of this unit, and under extension mode, roof extension is the extension on roof.Roof extension under extension mode may with folding mode under roof form the angle of 50-135 degree.Roof extension has the proximal edge on close roof and under extension mode, is elevated to the remote edge above proximal edge.
Folding unit can transport at an easy rate under folding mode, and still provides sizable architectural space under extension mode.For the reason of framework aspect, it is suitable that remote edge is elevated to proximal edge top, and these reasons comprise and when outwards look in building the inside, give larger inner space and larger open sense.There is no the remote edge raising, building feels it is unacceptable may to the limited of people, and it may even experience claustrophobia.
Roof extension also can have lift mode, and wherein the remote edge of roof extension is positioned at the top on roof.Roof extension under lift mode may with folding mode under roof form the angle of 180-270 degree.This roof extension may be one of them of two roof extensions.Under lift mode, the remote edge separately of two roof extensions may be placed on together.
When roof extension is in lift mode lower time, it is convenient to not take up space in the construction period of base portion height.In construction period, roof extension is not easy to be damaged under lift mode.When remote edge separately puts together, extension may be basic self-supporting, thereby has reduced the demand of building implement/equipment.
In one embodiment, under folding mode, roof extension extends at least in part between base portion and roof.When under folding mode, roof extension can extend between base portion and roof.
The roof extension extending between base portion and roof can be during transportation to external interference for example jolt, moisture etc. forms good shielding action.
In a preferred form, extension pivot in roof is connected to roof rotatably.Roof extension can be connected to roof by hinge, and roof extension can be swung in above and below, roof.
Preferably, roof extension swings around hinge between folding mode, extension mode and lift mode.Hinge has more than one degree of freedom.Hinge may be double-strand chain.
Preferably, roof extension is set to hold at least one solar collector.The built-up member repacking building that utilization joins solar collector to may comprise that built-up member are more expensive during Bi manufacturing cell.Particularly (Ad hoc), this installation may cause casual damage to building, if while for example needing to make the hole that is used for securing member.
Preferably, this unit comprises the waterproofing materials at least a portion that is arranged on the border between roof and roof extension.
In form, this unit comprises base portion extension, and it has folding mode and extension mode, and under folding mode, base portion extension extends at least in part between base portion and roof, and under extension mode, base portion extension is the extension of base portion.When under folding mode, base portion extension may be partly between base portion and roof, to extend.Base portion extension can have proximal edge and the remote edge of close base portion.Remote edge can be set to for holding the edge separately of panel.Remote edge is set to join panel to by a pair of collaboration elements, and this is positioned at respectively in one of them of remote edge and panel each of element.Collaboration elements can comprise that male element for example sells, and it is set to be located at corresponding female element for example in recess.Alternatively or additionally, collaboration elements can comprise the rib of protrusion, it is set to be arranged in corresponding groove.Panel can comprise one of them in window for example, Wall board and door.
Folding base portion more easily transports, and allows sizable floor space simultaneously.Use interchangeable panel can greatly expand the design flexibility of building.This panel can contribute to the waterproof of building, especially with the Wall board being for example hinged on building, compares.
In form, roof by a plurality of columns extending between base portion and roof be supported on base portion above.Each column departs from from base portion bight separately.Each of column all can comprise steel pipe.
The column departing from may not can disturb roof extension and/or base portion extension, thereby larger design freedom is provided, and can make the area of roof and/or base portion extension maximize.When base portion extension and roof extension are in lower time of folding mode separately, roof extension has formed the lateral surface of unit, and base portion extension is set after it.Lateral surface may be relatively tough and tensile surface, steel for example, and it during transportation protects other parts of base portion extension and inside, unit.
When in one form, base portion extension is set under extension mode by a plurality of shore supports.Pillar can provide a kind of hierarchical structure, can hold in the above base portion and base portion extension, and minimizing enters moisture and/or the insect in building.
One or more sizes of this unit are mated with the size of delivery container.When roof and base portion extension are in lower time of folding mode separately, this unit can have the size of delivery container.Delivery container may be ISO delivery container.Delivery container may be high delivery container.
Existing transportation facility and the carrying facility for delivery container may be convenient to utilize in the unit that presents ISO delivery container aspect.In addition, this unit can be set to for holding one or more pipe networks.This unit can comprise the pipeline for one or more pipe networks.At least one pipe network can comprise wherein one or more pipe networks in water supply network, gas transmission pipeline net work, power supply pipe network, communication pipe network and sewage network.Thereby can reduce the demand to on-the-spot businessman.
In one embodiment, this unit comprises unlimited relative end.In one embodiment, the end of this unit is capped covers.Capping can contribute to seal this unit, in order to avoid the entering of the moisture of In transit etc.Capping also can be existing Shipping and carrying facility provides coupling device for engaging, and follow-up can removing in place and not crime of injuries by explosive substances to buildings and goods therein design.Dismountable capping provides the larger degree of freedom that building end is set, otherwise it may be unsatisfactory aspect aesthetics.For the consideration of transportation and carrying, capping can by strong material for example steel make, it can be used as a part for building, but not must be as the end of building.
In form, this unit is set to be supported on a plurality of pillars.This unit can be set to hold subelement, and it has the size matching with delivery container.Subelement can have the external dimensions of non-high delivery container.Subelement can comprise the container that is suitable for holding hot material.Subelement can have for example complete kitchen and/or washroom, thereby reduces the demand for on-the-spot businessman.The use of hot material can make the internal temperature of building stable.This container can be installed in empty, and later use for example the water in pipe fill, this makes carrying more easy.Hot material conventionally between 1000 to 10,000kg, and thereby is difficult to carrying.The subelement with standard ISO delivery container height can be arranged in the unit with high cube container height.
In a second aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of subelement, it is suitable for being held according to the unit described in first aspect present invention.In an embodiment, subelement comprises door.Subelement can comprise one or more pipe networks.Subelement can comprise washroom.Subelement can comprise kitchen.Subelement can comprise the container that is suitable for holding hot material.This container may be pond.
A kind of method of setting up building is provided in another aspect of this invention, and the method comprises the steps: to provide the unit according to described in first aspect present invention, and wherein roof extension is under folding mode; And impel roof extension to adopt extension mode separately.
In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of impelling roof extension to adopt lift mode.In one embodiment, the method also comprises the step of impelling base portion extension to adopt extension mode separately.After impelling base portion extension employing extension mode, the remote edge of base portion extension can hold panel.In one embodiment, the method is included in the step that one or more columns are set between roof extension and base portion extension.The load of most of or all roofs extension can be born by column, but not panel for example, this provides sizable degree of freedom in design.For example, panel does not need to bear load, and their other side, for example visual appearance thereby can be strengthened.
In one embodiment, the method comprises the step on a plurality of pillars by cell location.The method can comprise the step that a plurality of pillars are installed.In one embodiment, the method comprises subelement is arranged on to the step in unit.Subelement comprises washroom and/or kitchen.
In one embodiment, before the step of impelling roof extension to adopt the step of extension mode separately to occur in to impel base portion extension to adopt extension mode separately.
In another aspect of this invention, provide a kind of method of setting up building, it is arranged on the step in building by the container that is suitable for holding hot material during being included in and setting up.When in one embodiment, this container is in being arranged at building, be empty.The method can comprise hot material is arranged on to the step in container.This container can be suitable for keeping water.The step that hot material is set in container can comprise water filling pond.In one embodiment, this container is according to a part for the subelement described in second aspect present invention, and the step that container is set in building comprises subelement is arranged on to the step in building.In one embodiment, the unit providing according to described in first aspect present invention is provided the method, and the step that this unit is extended.
According to a further aspect of the invention, provide a kind of outer panels for building, this panel comprises the first end and the second end of opening with the first space from end; Flange, it is connected to one of them end, and is suitable for engaging the wherein edge of any of the extension of building base portion and building base portion.Panel and especially flange can provide heat-blocking action, and can improve the water resistance of building.In one embodiment, this flange has the surface being suitable for as external surface.In one embodiment, flange is substantially in the plane identical with the surface of one of them end.In one embodiment, flange comprises heat-barrier material.In one embodiment, panel is set to engage building by a pair of collaboration elements, and to element, each is positioned at respectively in one of them of building and panel for this.In one embodiment, panel comprises the surface being arranged between end.Bight can directly be positioned at flange after.Bight can be suitable for holding the edge of building.Flange can be connected on one of them end.Flange can be parallel to the surface being arranged between end.In one embodiment, flange is set to for hide edges.
A kind of folding wall is provided in another aspect of this invention, and it comprises material the first and second plates; Be connected to the structure on the first and second plates, it has extension mode and folding mode, and wherein plate is relatively more close when in extension mode during in folding mode in structure.
Folding wall can for example fold between transportation and storage life, but extends when being installed on building.In one embodiment, this structure comprises hinge.This structure can comprise double-strand chain.This hinge can comprise the first blade and the second blade, and the first blade is connected to the first plate, and the second blade is connected to the second plate.In one embodiment, this structure is positioned between plate.
According to another aspect of the invention, provide a kind of unit for building, it comprises base portion; The roof of support base top; The roof extension with folding mode and extension mode, under folding mode, the surface of roof extension is also the external surface of this unit, and under extension mode, roof extension is the extension on roof, and roof extension has the proximal edge on close roof and when extension mode, is elevated to the remote edge above proximal edge.
In one embodiment, this unit comprises base portion extension, and it has folding mode and extension mode, and under folding mode, base portion extension extends at least in part between base portion and roof, and under extension mode, base portion extension is the extension of base portion.In one embodiment, roof extension also has lift mode, and wherein the remote edge of roof extension is positioned at the top on roof.
In still another aspect of the invention, provide a kind of improved delivery container, it comprises base portion; Be supported on the roof of base portion top; Roof extension has folding mode and extension mode, and under folding mode, the surface of roof extension is also the external surface of this unit, and under extension mode, roof extension is the extension on roof.In one embodiment, roof extension has the proximal edge on close roof and under extension mode, is elevated to the remote edge above proximal edge.
From the reading of drawing and description as a whole, by distinct other advantage and preferred feature.
Should understand, described embodiment may be that part is conceptual in nature, and the applicant further studies and more may enter the device of commercial use.
Should understand, can provide various variants and equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.This is included in remodeling and all variants, alternative construction and equivalent within the scope of appended claims.Intention does not limit the invention in specific embodiment shown in the drawings herein.The present invention should be understood to be in its complete scope is of value to the applicant and the present invention.
In this manual, the existence of further feature is not got rid of in the existence of special characteristic.Word " comprises ", " comprising " and " having " should be understood to " being included " and the meaning of " except ".
Should understand, any discussion in this manual is to want to explain context of co-text of the present invention.In any special country, should not be considered as the part that discussed material has formed prior art basis or relevant general knowledge.

Claims (133)

1. a building structure, comprises main part, and described main part has floor extension, and described floor extension is suitable for extending and floor area being provided from described main part, and wherein said floor extension comprises for holding the facility of building block.
2. building structure according to claim 1, wherein, described building structure comprises building unit, and described building block comprises kitchen or washroom module.
3. building structure according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described floor extension is suitable under travel position vertically installing, horizontal location then, thus described floor area is provided.
4. according to the building structure described in claim 1,2 or 3, wherein, described facility comprises assembling facility, and described assembling facility has the structure that is suitable for holding described building block.
5. building structure according to claim 4, wherein, described assembling facility has and is adapted to pass through the structure that recess is provided and holds described building block, and described recess extends in the main body of described floor extension.
6. according to the building structure described in the arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 4, wherein, described assembling facility comprises recess, and described recess is permitted and allowed that described building block slides into the correct position in described recess.
7. building structure according to claim 6, wherein, is used sliding system to help described building block to be positioned in described recess.
8. building structure according to claim 7, wherein, described sliding system is set to from the form of two elongated horizontal pier bases of described main part extension.
9. according to the building structure described in claim 7 or 8, wherein, described sliding system is provided with for described building block being guided to the guiding device of described recess.
10. according to the building structure described in the arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 9, wherein, described assembling facility comprises removable section, it can be removed from described floor extension, to be provided for holding the floor recess of described building block, make described recess be suitable for holding at least a portion of the level cross-sectionn of described building block.
11. building structure according to claim 10, wherein, described recess is suitable for holding whole level cross-sectionns of described building block.
12. according to the building structure described in claim 10 or 11, and wherein, described removable section comprises ground plate portion, and described ground plate portion is adapted for different positions extra base plate is provided.
13. according to claim 10 to the building structure described in the arbitrary claim in 12, and wherein, described removable section comprises a part that is suitable for being used as balcony in described building structure.
14. according to the building structure described in the arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 13, comprises two modular architectural structures that are suitable for arranging end to end.
15. according to the building structure described in the arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 13, comprises single modular building structure, and described single modular building structure is relative with several structures that arrange end to end.
16. 1 kinds of construction method, comprising:
A kind of building structure is provided, is suitable for providing floor area;
Utilize the facility of described floor area to hold building block;
Locate described building block, make described building block that a part for the floor area of described building structure is provided.
17. methods according to claim 16, wherein, by the base portion of described building structure, and provide described floor area by several floor extensions that extend from described base portion.
18. according to the method described in claim 16 or 17, wherein, extends described floor extension comprise and make described floor extension move to horizontal-extending position from vertical extended position from the base portion of described building structure.
19. methods according to claim 18, wherein, locate described building block and comprise the removable section of removing a floor extension in the extension of described floor, thereby in described floor area, be provided for holding the recess of described building block.
20. methods according to claim 19, wherein, locate described building block and comprise described building block is slided to described building structure from the outside of described building structure, thereby be contained in described recess, described building block provides a part for the floor area of described building structure.
21. methods according to claim 20, wherein, described building block slides at least one joist, and described joist is positioned at the outside of described building structure circumference at least in part.
22. 1 kinds of building structure, provide transportable module, and described transportable module is provided for being arranged on kitchen or the WC Facilities in larger building structure.
23. building structure according to claim 22, wherein, described transportable module comprises underframe and two load-carrying units that are removably connected on described underframe, described load-carrying unit is iso standard bight.
24. 1 kinds of building structure comprise main part and groove device, wherein said groove device comprises movable hinge part and channel portions, described movable hinge is partly suitable for roof extension to be installed to described main part, described movable hinge part is removable, to allow near the position of described roof extension described channel portions with respect to the described main part angle that tilts, make when water drops on described roof extension, water will flow into downwards in described channel portions along described roof extension.
25. building structure according to claim 24, wherein, described groove device provides elongated passage, described elongated passage has the first lateral parts and the second lateral parts, described the first lateral parts is set to extend for the length along described main part, and described the second lateral parts is set to extend for the marginal portion along described roof extension.
26. according to the building structure described in claim 24 or 25, and wherein, described groove device is arranged in the elongated side of described main part, and under travel position, described building structure meets ISO transportation Valuation Standard.
27. according to the building structure described in claim 24,25 or 26, wherein, described channel portions is set to U-shaped channel part and assigns to provide, described channel part is between other parts of described roof extension and described main part, and described channel part can clean by channel design at an easy rate.
28. according to the building structure described in the arbitrary claim in claim 24 to 27, wherein, described hinge fraction comprises elongated butt hinge, and described butt hinge has for being connected to the first blade in described channel portions and for being connected to the second blade of described roof extension.
29. according to the building structure described in the arbitrary claim in claim 24 to 28, and wherein, described main part is provided with the upper part of inclination, and it flow into described channel portions for the water that makes to drop on described upper part.
30. according to the building structure described in the arbitrary claim in claim 24 to 29, comprises floor extension, and described floor extension can be rocked to extended mode from travel position, thereby floor area is provided.
31. according to the building structure described in the arbitrary claim in claim 24 to 30, comprise floor extension, described floor extension is suitable for extending from described main part, and provide floor area, wherein said floor extension has the similar or width still less of height to the major part of described main part, and the hinge fraction of described groove device allows described roof extension wider in fact than the height of described major part, thereby provide suitable spatial impression and comfort.
32. according to the building structure described in the arbitrary claim in claim 24 to 31, comprises for allowing to catch from groove device the rainwater structure of rainwater.
33. according to the building structure described in the arbitrary claim in claim 24 to 32, and wherein, described building structure comprises the ISO delivery container of authentication.
34. 1 kinds of building structure have the main part of case structure, described main part is suitable for transporting as delivery container, wherein said main part has superstructure, described superstructure has the upper outer edges part of at least two elongations, wherein the inward direction of the part of at least one top edge in the top edge part of described two elongations be partly provided with groove device along described at least one top edge.
35. building structure according to claim 34, wherein, described groove device comprises channel portions and movable hinge part, described channel portions for being provided for the passage of flowing water in described superstructure; And described movable hinge is partly for installing roof extension in the angle with respect to described main part.
36. 1 kinds of building structure, comprise the main part with superstructure and substructure, described substructure is suitable for providing at least one water tank, described at least one water tank is suitable for being drained, and for described substructure provides enough buoyancy, to lift described main part under flood state.
37. building structure according to claim 36, wherein, described at least one water tank is suitable for holding a plurality of foots of therefrom passing, and allows to utilize the container of two ISO certifications to form house.
38. according to the building structure described in claim 36 or 37, and wherein, described at least one water tank comprises the symmetrical mounting being adapted to be mounted within described substructure, and described device is around the border of described main part and extend.
39. according to the building structure described in claim 34 or 38, wherein, comprises vertical guidance system, is suitable for guiding described main part up and down during flood state.
40. according to the building structure described in claim 39, and wherein, described vertical guidance system comprises four guiding partss, and it is suitable for providing framework, to guide described main part during flood state.
41. according to the building structure described in claim 40, and wherein, described four guiding partss comprise cylinder.
42. 1 kinds of building structure, comprising: at least one module and panel system, and described module or each module are suitable for being set to delivery container under travel position; Described at least one module is suitable for providing building body, and the floor area of described building body under traffic condition is at least 2.5 times of combined horizontal area of described module; And described panel system comprises a plurality of interchangeable panels, thereby allow described building to possess different vertical sections, to adapt to different site orientations and other condition.
43. according to the building structure described in claim 42, wherein, described building body comprises ground plate portion, described ground plate portion forms a part for the side of described module or each module under traffic condition, described ground plate portion has formed at least a portion of the floor area in described building body, described interchangeable panel can arrange with respect to described floor area, thereby different vertical sections is provided.
44. according to the building structure described in claim 43, and wherein, described panel system comprises Wall board, high window panel, middle window panel, full window panel, door face board and sliding sash panel, and wherein said sliding sash is set to dual platen.
45. according to the building structure described in claim 43, and wherein, except described sliding sash panel, each panel of described panel system has identical width, and described sliding sash has the width of two panels.
46. 1 kinds of building structure, comprise main part and panel system; Wherein said panel system comprises some interchangeable panels, and described interchangeable panel can be set to as described main part provides different vertical sections, thereby makes described building adapt to different site orientations and condition.
47. 1 kinds of building structure, be used for providing building, described building structure comprises main part, floor extension and movable hinge part, described hinge fraction is installed to described floor extension the lower end of described main part, and make described floor extension is movably between folded state and extension state; Wherein, under described folded state, described floor extension provides the sidewall of described building structure, and the described building structure with ISO certification of carriage is provided at least in part; Wherein said building structure also comprises roof extension, after described floor extension has moved to described extension state, described roof extension is positioned on described building, with described roof extension, compare, described floor extension has heavy weight.
48. 1 kinds of construction method, comprising:
Building structure is provided;
Swing floor extension, described floor extension is set to sidewall, and described floor extension provides described building structure at least in part, and as ISO delivery container, wherein said floor extension has sizable weight;
Afterwards roof extension is connected to described building structure, wherein said roof extension has relatively light weight.
49. according to the method described in claim 48, comprising:
The roof extension of roof panels form is provided, and described roof panels has the width identical with the outer wall panel using in described structure.
50. 1 kinds of construction method, comprising:
Building structure is provided,
Main body by roof extension and floor extension with respect to described building structure positions; And
Below the extension of described floor, provide floating installation, to help the described building structure that raises during flood state.
51. 1 kinds of construction method, comprising:
Building structure is provided;
Roof extension and floor extension are positioned with respect to the main body of described building structure;
Utilize the described roof of the hinge extension of groove device to be set to the state with respect to the main body inclination of described building structure, make when water drops on described roof extension, current flow into downwards in the channel portions of described groove device along described roof extension.
52. according to the method described in claim 51, is included in described building structure and collects water, thereby provide relatively high hot material for described building structure.
53. 1 kinds of unit for building, described unit comprises:
Base portion; With
Be supported on the roof of described base portion top.
54. according to the unit described in claim 53, comprise roof extension, described roof extension has folding mode and extension mode, under described folding mode, the surface of described roof extension is also the lateral surface of described unit, and under described extension mode, described roof extension is the extension on described roof.
55. according to the unit described in claim 54, and wherein, the described roof extension under described extension mode and the roof extension under described folding mode form the angle of 50-135 degree.
56. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 54 and claim 55, and wherein, described roof extension has near the proximal edge on described roof and under described extension mode, is elevated to the remote edge above described proximal edge.
Unit described in arbitrary claim before 57. bases in claim 53 to 56, wherein, described roof extension also has lift mode, and the remote edge of wherein said roof extension is located at the top on described roof.
58. according to the unit described in claim 57, and wherein, the described roof extension under described lift mode becomes the angle of 180-270 degree with the roof extension under described folding mode.
59. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 57 and claim 58, wherein, described roof extension is one of them of two roof extensions, and under described lift mode, the remote edge separately of described roof extension is placed on together.
60. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 54 to 59, and wherein, under described folding mode, described roof extension extends at least in part between described base portion and described roof.
61. according to the unit described in claim 60, and wherein, under described folding mode, described roof extension extends between described base portion and described roof.
62. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 54 to 61, and wherein, described roof extension pivot rotatably pivot is connected to described roof rotatably.
63. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 55 to 61, and wherein, described roof extension is connected to described roof by hinge, makes the swingable above and below to described roof of described roof extension.
64. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 57 to 63, and wherein, described roof extension swings around described hinge between described folding mode, described extension mode and described lift mode.
65. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 63 and claim 64, and wherein, described hinge has more than one degree of freedom.
66. according to the unit described in claim 65, and wherein, described hinge is double-strand chain.
67. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 64 to 66, and wherein, described roof extension is set to hold at least one solar collector.
68. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 54 to 67, comprises waterproofing materials, and described waterproofing materials is arranged at least a portion on the border between described roof and described roof extension.
69. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 54 to 68, comprise base portion extension, described base portion extension has folding mode and extension mode, under described folding mode, described base portion extension extends at least in part between described base portion and described roof, and under described extension mode, described base portion extension is the extension of described base portion.
70. according to the unit described in claim 69, and wherein, under described folding mode, described base portion extension just partly extends between described base portion and described roof.
71. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 69 and 70, and wherein, described base portion extension has proximal edge and remote edge, and described proximal edge is near described base portion, and described remote edge is set to hold face plate edge separately.
72. according to the unit described in claim 71, and wherein, described remote edge is set to be meshed with described panel by a pair of collaboration elements, and each of described a pair of element lays respectively in one of them of described remote edge and described panel.
73. according to the unit described in claim 72, and wherein, described collaboration elements comprises pin, and described pin is set to be arranged in corresponding recess.
74. according to the unit described in claim 72, and wherein, described collaboration elements can comprise outstanding rib, and described rib is set to be arranged in corresponding groove.
75. according to the unit described in claim 71 to 75, and wherein, described panel comprises at least one in window, Wall board and door.
76. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 53 to 75, wherein, described roof by a plurality of columns extending between described base portion and described roof be supported on described base portion above.
77. according to the unit described in claim 76, and wherein, each column departs from the bight of described base portion separately.
78. according to the unit described in claim 76 or claim 77, and wherein, each of described column comprises steel pipe.
79. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 69 to 78, wherein, when described base portion extension and described roof extension are under folding mode separately, described roof extension forms the lateral surface of described unit, is provided with described base portion extension after it.
80. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 69 to 79, and wherein, described base portion extension is set to when under described extension mode, by a plurality of shore supports.
81. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 61 to 80, and wherein, one or more sizes of described unit and the size of delivery container match.
82. according to the unit described in claim 72, and wherein, when described roof extension and described base portion extension are under folding mode separately, described unit has the size of delivery container.
83. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 61 and claim 82, and wherein, described delivery container is ISO delivery container.
84. unit described in 3 according to Claim 8, wherein, described ISO delivery container is high delivery container.
85. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 53 to 84, and wherein, described unit is set to hold one or more pipe networks.
86. unit described in 5 according to Claim 8, wherein, comprise the pipeline for described one or more pipe networks.
87. according to Claim 85 and claim 86 in arbitrary claim described in unit, wherein, described at least one, pipe network can comprise the one or more pipe networks in water supply network, gas transmission pipeline net work, power supply pipe network, communication pipe network and sewage network.
Unit described in arbitrary claim before 88. bases in claim 53 to 87, comprises the relative end of opening.
Unit described in arbitrary claim before 89. bases in claim 53 to 88, wherein, the end of described unit is capped to be covered.
Unit described in arbitrary claim before 90. bases in claim 53 to 89, is set to be supported on a plurality of pillars.
91. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 59 to 90, is set to hold therein have the subelement matching with delivery container size.
92. according to the unit described in claim 91, and wherein, described subelement has the external dimensions of non-high delivery container.
93. 1 kinds of subelements, it is suitable for being held by the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 53 to 92 before aforementioned.
94. according to the subelement described in claim 93, comprises door.
95. according to the subelement described in the arbitrary claim in claim 93 and claim 94, comprises one or more pipe networks.
96. according to the subelement described in claim 95, comprises washroom.
97. according to the subelement described in the arbitrary claim in claim 95 and claim 96, comprises kitchen.
98. according to the subelement described in the arbitrary claim in claim 93 to 97, comprises the container that is suitable for holding hot material.
99. according to the subelement described in claim 98, and wherein, described container is pond.
100. one kinds of methods of setting up building, described method comprises the steps:
Provide according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 53 to 65, wherein said roof extension is in described folding mode; And
Make described roof extension adopt described extension mode separately.
101. according to the method described in claim 100, comprises the step that makes described roof extension adopt described lift mode.
102. according to the method described in claim 100, also comprise make described base portion extension adopt described in extension mode separately, and make after described base portion extension adopts described extension mode, make the remote edge of described base portion extension hold the step of panel.
103. according to the method described in claim 102, is included in the step that one or more columns are set between described roof extension and described base portion extension.
104. according to the method described in the arbitrary claim in claim 100 to 103, comprises the step on a plurality of pillars by described cell location.
105. according to the method described in claim 104, comprises the step that described a plurality of pillars are installed.
106. according to the method described in the arbitrary claim in claim 100 to 105, is included in the step that subelement is set in described unit.
107. according to the method described in claim 106, and wherein, described subelement comprises washroom and/or kitchen.
108. according to the method described in the arbitrary claim in claim 100 to 107, wherein, and before the step that makes described roof extension adopt the step of extension mode separately to occur in to make described base portion extension adopt extension mode separately.
109. one kinds of methods of setting up building, are included in during setting up the step that the container that is suitable for holding hot material is set in described building.
110. according to the method described in claim 109, and wherein, described container is empty in being arranged at described building time.
111. according to the method described in claim 110, is included in the step that described hot material is set in described container.
112. according to the method described in claim 111, and wherein, described container is suitable for preserving water, and the step that described hot material is set in described container comprises that water fills described pond.
113. according to the method described in the arbitrary claim in claim 109 to 112, wherein, described container is according to a part for the subelement described in the arbitrary claim in claim 93 to 99, and the step that described container is set in described building is included in the step that described subelement is set in described building.
114. according to the method described in the arbitrary claim in claim 109 to 113, and wherein, the unit providing according to described in the arbitrary claim in claim 42 to 82 is provided described method, and the step that described unit is extended.
115. one kinds of outer panels for building, described panel comprises:
The first end and the second end of opening with described the first space from end;
Flange, is connected on an end in described end, and is suitable for being meshed with any edge of the extension of the base portion of described building and the base portion of described building.
116. according to the panel described in claim 115, and wherein, described flange has the surface being suitable for as external surface.
117. according to the panel described in claim 115, wherein, described flange substantially with the surface of an end in described end in identical plane.
118. according to the panel described in claim 115, and wherein, described flange comprises heat-barrier material.
119. according to the panel described in the arbitrary claim in claim 115 to 118, wherein, described panel is set to mesh with described building by a pair of collaboration elements, and each of described a pair of element is positioned at respectively in described building and described panel.
120. according to the panel described in the arbitrary claim in claim 115 to 119, comprise and be arranged on the surface between described end and be located immediately at described flange bight below, described bight is suitable for holding the edge of described building, and wherein said flange is connected on an end in described end and is parallel to the surface being arranged between described end.
121. according to the panel described in claim 120, and wherein, described flange is set to for hiding described edge.
122. one kinds of folding walls, comprising:
Material the first plate and material the second plate;
Be connected to the structure on described the first plate and described the second plate, described structure has extension mode and folding mode, and wherein said plate is relatively more close when in described extension mode during in described folding mode in described structure.
123. according to the folding wall described in claim 122, and wherein, described structure comprises hinge.
124. according to the folding wall described in the arbitrary claim in claim 122 and claim 123, and wherein, described structure comprises double-strand chain.
125. according to the folding wall described in claim 123 or claim 124, and wherein, described hinge comprises the first blade and the second blade, and described the first blade is connected to described the first plate, and described the second blade is connected to described the second plate.
126. according to the folding wall described in the arbitrary claim in claim 122 to 125, and wherein, described structure is located between described plate.
127. one kinds of unit for building, comprising:
Base portion;
Be supported on the roof of described base portion top;
Roof extension, there is folding mode and extension mode, under described folding mode, the surface of described roof extension is also the external surface of described unit, and under described extension mode, described roof extension is the extension on described roof, and described roof extension has near the proximal edge on described roof and when described extension mode, is elevated to the remote edge above described proximal edge.
128. according to the unit described in claim 127, comprising:
Base portion extension, has folding mode and extension mode, and under described folding mode, described base portion extension extends at least in part between described base portion and described roof, and under described extension mode, described base portion extension is the extension of described base portion.
129. according to the unit described in the arbitrary claim in claim 127 and 128, and wherein, described roof extension also has lift mode, and the remote edge of wherein said roof extension is positioned at the top on described roof.
The delivery container of 130. one kinds of changes, comprising:
Base portion;
Be supported on the roof of described base portion top;
Roof extension, has folding mode and extension mode, and under described folding mode, the surface of described roof extension is also the external surface of described unit, and under described extension mode, described roof extension is the extension on described roof.
131. according to the unit described in claim 130, and wherein, described roof extension has near the proximal edge on described roof and under described extension mode, is elevated to the remote edge above described proximal edge.
132. one kinds substantially as here with reference to the building structure described in accompanying drawing.
133. one kinds substantially as here with reference to the method described in accompanying drawing.
CN201280025002.5A 2011-03-22 2012-03-22 Building structure Expired - Fee Related CN103562472B (en)

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EP2689074A1 (en) 2014-01-29
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AU2012231787A1 (en) 2013-10-24
US20140000183A1 (en) 2014-01-02
CA2830490A1 (en) 2012-09-27
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EP2689074A4 (en) 2014-08-27
JP2014508873A (en) 2014-04-10

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