Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is that a kind of fire retardant two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane compounds prepared by proposition silicon tetrachloride.Its physical and chemical performance is stablized, and good heat resistance is good with macromolecular material consistency, and has plasticising and become the anti-drip effect of charcoal, can overcome deficiency of the prior art.
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
Fire retardant two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane compounds, it is characterized in that, this compound structure is shown below:
Another object of the present invention is to the preparation method proposing a kind of fire retardant two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane, its cheaper starting materials is easy to get, and technique is simple, and facility investment is few, is easy to large-scale production, and the method is:
The air in reaction vessel is fallen with nitrogen replacement, add organic solvent and silicon tetrachloride, under agitation, with cooling bath cooling, make temperature of reaction system be reduced to less than 20 DEG C, drip relative to the equimolar 3-propylene chlorohydrin of silicon tetrachloride, drip process control temperature of reaction not higher than 30 DEG C, after dripping off, be warming up to 40 DEG C, insulation reaction 2h; After HCl gas discharges, then instill the ethylene glycol relative to silicon tetrachloride 0.5 times mole, control temperature of reaction not higher than 50 DEG C with rate of addition, after dripping off, be warming up to 55-75 DEG C, reaction 5-9h; After HCl gas discharges, then system is cooled to less than 40 DEG C, drips relative to silicon tetrachloride 2-3 doubly mole 3-propylene chlorohydrin, control temperature of reaction not higher than 55 DEG C with rate of addition, after dripping off, system temperature is risen to 65-85 DEG C, insulation reaction 6-9h; After HCl gas discharges, then add the acid binding agent of product Theoretical Mass (g) 2%-5%, insulated and stirred 1h, detecting solution PH=5-6 is reaction end.Purified process, obtains fire retardant two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane.
Organic solvent as above is acetonitrile, dioxane, ethylene dichloride, tetracol phenixin or glycol dimethyl ether, and the amount of its organic solvent volume (ml) is 3-4 times of silicon tetrachloride quality (g).
Acid binding agent as above is trimeric cyanamide.
Purified process as above is for being cooled to 30 DEG C, filter, filtrate decompression distillation is except desolventizing and excessive 3-propylene chlorohydrin (reclaim and use) and a small amount of low boilers, then cool to 60 DEG C, add the petroleum ether of product Theoretical Mass (g) 2-3 times volume (ml) again, stir 0.5h, be transferred to stratification in separating funnel, separate lower floor's feed liquid, underpressure distillation removes a small amount of sherwood oil.
Sherwood oil as above is that the boiling range of sherwood oil is at 60-90 DEG C or 90-120 DEG C.
Find in contriver's research that ethylene glycol and silicon tetrachloride are difficult to fused reaction, not easily spread in g., jelly-like, and the volatile quantity improving temperature of reaction silicon tetrachloride can increase again, therefore selected and first allowed silicon tetrachloride react with a mole 3-propylene chlorohydrin such as grade, after generating silicic acid monoesters, again with glycol reaction, overcome the difficult problem that ethylene glycol and silicon tetrachloride not easily fuse, also overcome the volatile problem of silicon tetrachloride high temperature.
Fire retardant two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane disclosed by the invention is pale yellow transparent look liquid, and its productive rate is 88.6% ~ 94.5%.Its flash-point (open cup): 193 ± 5 DEG C, refractive index: n
d 25=1.4178, density (25 DEG C): 1.3523g/cm
3; It is suitable as the use of the fire retardant of the materials such as polyvinyl chloride, unsaturated polyester, urethane and epoxy resin.
Preparation technology's principle of fire retardant two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane is shown below:
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. fire retardant two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane compounds of the present invention contains silicon and chlorine two ignition-proof element, its cooperative flame retardant usefulness is high, element silicon has into charcoal effect, can effectively prevent material melted by heating from dripping and the secondary combustion of generation.
2. fire retardant two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane compounds of the present invention is dibasic acid esters structure, molecular weight is large, volatility is low, plasticity is good, symmetry is good, its physical and chemical performance is stablized, good with macromolecular material consistency, the high temperature process of engineering plastics can be adapted to.
3. the present invention is with the silicon tetrachloride as by-product of polysilicon industry for raw material prepares silicon and chlorine synergistic fire retardant two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane, and the difficult problem fully utilized for solving silicon tetrachloride provides an effective way.
4. preparation method of the present invention first allows silicon tetrachloride and 3-propylene chlorohydrin react and generates silicic acid monoesters, and then and glycol reaction, overcome the problem of ethylene glycol indissoluble in silicon tetrachloride, also be conducive to the orientation response of ethylene glycol and silicon tetrachloride, under also overcoming silicon tetrachloride high temperature, react a volatile difficult problem.
5. the solvent in present invention process and excessive 3-propylene chlorohydrin can directly be recycled, and its raw material is cheap and easy to get, and production cost is low, and facility investment is few, is easy to large-scale production, have well application and DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1 is being equipped with agitator, thermometer and high performance reflux condenser, and be equipped with in the 250ml four-hole boiling flask of drying tube prolong is suitable for reading, with the air in nitrogen replacement bottle falling, add 60ml ethylene dichloride and 17g (11.47ml, 0.1mol) silicon tetrachloride, under agitation, cool with cooling bath, make temperature of reaction system be reduced to less than 20 DEG C, drip 9.454g (8.36ml, 0.1mol) 3-propylene chlorohydrin, drip process control temperature of reaction not higher than 30 DEG C, after dripping off, be warming up to 40 DEG C, insulation reaction 2h; After HCl gas discharges, 3.1g (2.78ml, 0.05mol) ethylene glycol is added dropwise in four-hole boiling flask, controls temperature of reaction not higher than 50 DEG C with rate of addition, after dripping off, be warming up to 60 DEG C, reaction 8h; After HCl gas discharges, then system is cooled to less than 40 DEG C, drips 19.00g (16.80ml, 0.201mol) 3-propylene chlorohydrin, control temperature of reaction not higher than 55 DEG C with rate of addition, after dripping off, system temperature is risen to 70 DEG C, insulation reaction 9h; After HCl gas discharges, then add 0.8g trimeric cyanamide, insulated and stirred 1h, detecting solution PH=5-6 is reaction end.Be cooled to 30 DEG C, filter, filtrate is underpressure distillation removing ethylene dichloride and excessive 3-propylene chlorohydrin (reclaim use) and a small amount of low boilers again, then cool to 60 DEG C, then add 65ml petroleum ether, stir 0.5h, be transferred to stratification in separating funnel, separate lower floor's feed liquid, underpressure distillation removes a small amount of sherwood oil, obtains product two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane.Its productive rate is 88.6%, flash-point (open cup): 193 ± 5 DEG C, refractive index: n
d 25=1.4178, density (25 DEG C): 1.3523g/cm
3.
Embodiment 2 is being equipped with agitator, thermometer and high performance reflux condenser, and be equipped with in the 250ml four-hole boiling flask of drying tube prolong is suitable for reading, with the air in nitrogen replacement bottle falling, add 60ml tetracol phenixin and 17g (11.47ml, 0.1mol) silicon tetrachloride, under agitation, cool with cooling bath, make temperature of reaction system be reduced to less than 20 DEG C, drip 9.454g (8.36ml, 0.1mol) 3-propylene chlorohydrin, drip process control temperature of reaction not higher than 30 DEG C, after dripping off, be warming up to 40 DEG C, insulation reaction 2h; After HCl gas discharges, 3.1g (2.78ml, 0.05mol) ethylene glycol is added dropwise in four-hole boiling flask, controls temperature of reaction not higher than 50 DEG C with rate of addition, after dripping off, be warming up to 55 DEG C, reaction 9h; After HCl gas discharges, then system is cooled to less than 40 DEG C, drips 19.85g (17.56ml, 0.21mol) 3-propylene chlorohydrin, control temperature of reaction not higher than 55 DEG C with rate of addition, after dripping off, system temperature is risen to 65 DEG C, insulation reaction 9h; After HCl gas discharges, then add 0.9g trimeric cyanamide, insulated and stirred 1h, detecting solution PH=5-6 is reaction end.Be cooled to 30 DEG C, filter, filtrate is underpressure distillation removing tetracol phenixin and excessive 3-propylene chlorohydrin (reclaim use) and a small amount of low boilers again, then cool to 60 DEG C, then add 65ml petroleum ether, stir 0.5h, be transferred to stratification in separating funnel, separate lower floor's feed liquid, underpressure distillation removes a small amount of sherwood oil, obtains product two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane.Its productive rate is 90.4%, flash-point (open cup): 193 ± 5 DEG C, refractive index: n
d 25=1.4178, density (25 DEG C): 1.3523g/cm
3.
Embodiment 3 is being equipped with agitator, thermometer and high performance reflux condenser, and be equipped with in the 250ml four-hole boiling flask of drying tube prolong is suitable for reading, with the air in nitrogen replacement bottle falling, add 60ml dioxane and 17g (11.47ml, 0.1mol) silicon tetrachloride, under agitation, cool with cooling bath, make temperature of reaction system be reduced to less than 20 DEG C, drip 9.454g (8.36ml, 0.1mol) 3-propylene chlorohydrin, drip process control temperature of reaction not higher than 30 DEG C, after dripping off, be warming up to 40 DEG C, insulation reaction 2h; After HCl gas discharges, 3.1g (2.78ml, 0.05mol) ethylene glycol is added dropwise in four-hole boiling flask, controls temperature of reaction not higher than 50 DEG C with rate of addition, after dripping off, be warming up to 70 DEG C, reaction 6h; After HCl gas discharges, then system is cooled to less than 40 DEG C, drips 20.80g (18.39ml, 0.22mol) 3-propylene chlorohydrin, control temperature of reaction not higher than 55 DEG C with rate of addition, after dripping off, system temperature is risen to 80 DEG C, insulation reaction 7h; After HCl gas discharges, then add 1g trimeric cyanamide, insulated and stirred 1h, detecting solution PH=5-6 is reaction end.Be cooled to 30 DEG C, filter, filtrate is underpressure distillation removing dioxane and excessive 3-propylene chlorohydrin (reclaim use) and a small amount of low boilers again, then cool to 60 DEG C, then add 65ml petroleum ether, stir 0.5h, be transferred to stratification in separating funnel, separate lower floor's feed liquid, underpressure distillation removes a small amount of sherwood oil, obtains product two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane.Its productive rate is 94.5%, flash-point (open cup): 193 ± 5 DEG C, refractive index: n
d 25=1.4178, density (25 DEG C): 1.3523g/cm
3.
Embodiment 4 is being equipped with agitator, thermometer and high performance reflux condenser, and be equipped with in the 250ml four-hole boiling flask of drying tube prolong is suitable for reading, with the air in nitrogen replacement bottle falling, add 60ml glycol dimethyl ether and 17g (11.47ml, 0.1mol) silicon tetrachloride, under agitation, cool with cooling bath, make temperature of reaction system be reduced to less than 20 DEG C, drip 9.454g (8.36ml, 0.1mol) 3-propylene chlorohydrin, drip process control temperature of reaction not higher than 30 DEG C, after dripping off, be warming up to 40 DEG C, insulation reaction 2h; After HCl gas discharges, 3.1g (2.78ml, 0.05mol) ethylene glycol is added dropwise in four-hole boiling flask, controls temperature of reaction not higher than 50 DEG C with rate of addition, after dripping off, be warming up to 75 DEG C, reaction 5h; After HCl gas discharges, then system is cooled to less than 40 DEG C, drips 21.74g (19.23ml, 0.23mol) 3-propylene chlorohydrin, control temperature of reaction not higher than 55 DEG C with rate of addition, after dripping off, system temperature is risen to 85 DEG C of insulation reaction 6h; After HCl gas discharges, then add 1.2g trimeric cyanamide, insulated and stirred 1h, detecting solution PH=5-6 is reaction end.Be cooled to 30 DEG C, filter, filtrate is underpressure distillation removing glycol dimethyl ether and excessive 3-propylene chlorohydrin (reclaim use) and a small amount of low boilers again, then cool to 60 DEG C, then add 65ml petroleum ether, stir 0.5h, be transferred to stratification in separating funnel, separate lower floor's feed liquid, underpressure distillation removes a small amount of sherwood oil, obtains product two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane.Its productive rate is 93.3%, flash-point (open cup): 193 ± 5 DEG C, refractive index: n
d 25=1.4178, density (25 DEG C): 1.3523g/cm
3.
Embodiment 5 is being equipped with agitator, thermometer and high performance reflux condenser, and be equipped with in the 250ml four-hole boiling flask of drying tube prolong is suitable for reading, with the air in nitrogen replacement bottle falling, add 60ml acetonitrile and 17g (11.47ml, 0.1mol) silicon tetrachloride, under agitation, cool with cooling bath, make temperature of reaction system be reduced to less than 20 DEG C, drip 9.454g (8.36ml, 0.1mol) 3-propylene chlorohydrin, drip process control temperature of reaction not higher than 30 DEG C, after dripping off, be warming up to 40 DEG C, insulation reaction 2h; After HCl gas discharges, 3.1g (2.78ml, 0.05mol) ethylene glycol is added dropwise in four-hole boiling flask, controls temperature of reaction not higher than 50 DEG C with rate of addition, after dripping off, be warming up to 65 DEG C, reaction 7h; After HCl gas discharges, then system is cooled to less than 40 DEG C, drips 22.69g (20.06ml, 0.24mol) 3-propylene chlorohydrin, control temperature of reaction not higher than 55 DEG C with rate of addition, after dripping off, system temperature is risen to 75 DEG C, insulation reaction 8h; After HCl gas discharges, then add 1.3g trimeric cyanamide, insulated and stirred 1h, detecting solution PH=5-6 is reaction end.Be cooled to 30 DEG C, filter, filtrate is underpressure distillation removing acetonitrile and excessive 3-propylene chlorohydrin (reclaim use) and a small amount of low boilers again, then cool to 60 DEG C, then add 65ml petroleum ether, stir 0.5h, be transferred to stratification in separating funnel, separate lower floor's feed liquid, underpressure distillation removes a small amount of sherwood oil, obtains product two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane.Its productive rate is 91.7%, flash-point (open cup): 193 ± 5 DEG C, refractive index: n
d 25=1.4178, density (25 DEG C): 1.3523g/cm
3.
The preparation example main technologic parameters of table 1 two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane
Two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane of above-mentioned preparation is also applied in polyvinyl chloride by inventor.Reference: GB/T2406-2008 " Plastics Combustion method for testing performance-oxygen index method " surveys the flame retardant properties of product in polyvinyl chloride.Get fire retardant two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane, dioctyl phthalate (DOP) (DOP), synergistic flame retardant antimonous oxide (Sb
2o
3) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) mix rear forcing machine in varing proportions and extrude, and make long 15cm, diameter be 3m batten and to it fire-retardant and physicals test, it is as shown in the table for test-results:
The flame retardant properties data of table 2 two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane
Experiment shows, two [three (3-chlorine propoxy-) silicon acyloxy] ethane and polyvinyl chloride have good consistency, with Sb
2o
3there is good fire-retardant synergistic, there is good flame retardant properties, become the anti-dropping performance of charcoal and plasticising performance.