CN103551575A - Preparation method of soft magnetic electrical contact material with self-arc-quenching characteristic and product obtained by same - Google Patents
Preparation method of soft magnetic electrical contact material with self-arc-quenching characteristic and product obtained by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103551575A CN103551575A CN201310533645.7A CN201310533645A CN103551575A CN 103551575 A CN103551575 A CN 103551575A CN 201310533645 A CN201310533645 A CN 201310533645A CN 103551575 A CN103551575 A CN 103551575A
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- contact material
- soft magnetism
- powder
- electrical contact
- arc
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2202/00—Physical properties
- C22C2202/02—Magnetic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
- H01H33/185—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using magnetisable elements associated with the contacts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
- H01H9/446—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using magnetisable elements associated with the contacts
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a soft magnetic electrical contact material with the self-arc-quenching characteristic and a product obtained by the same. The contact material is a composite material and can generate an electromagnetic force by utilizing a short-circuit current when a contact is broken so as to reinforce the arc quenching capacity of an arc extinguishing system of a circuit breaker and fulfill the aims of accelerating arc migration, reducing contact burning and improving the short-circuit switching capacity. The contact material has one important characteristic that the contact material can be made into various specifications and various shapes and is convenient for being applied to various types of AC (Alternating Current) circuit breakers with arc extinguishing mechanisms. The preparation method of the contact material is simple; the contact material can be prepared by mixing and pressing soft magnetic powder and raw material powder of an existing contact material by a die pressing method, can be prepared by carrying out composite pressing on the soft magnetic powder and the raw material powder of the existing contact material by the die pressing method, can be prepared by compounding a soft magnetic strip and a strip of the existing contact material by a hot rolling method, and also can be prepared by carrying out mixing extrusion on the soft magnetic powder and the raw material powder of the existing contact material and then carrying out hot rolling and silver compounding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrical contact material, specifically refer to a kind of soft magnetism electrical contact material of boasting arc property and preparation method thereof that has, this contact is mainly used in the AC circuit breaker with arc-extinguishing mechanism.
Background technology
During AC circuit breaker process short circuit current, contact disjunction, produces electric arc between dynamic/static contact, and electric arc enters arc-chutes from contact gap by electric arc guide rail.In arc-chutes, arc extinguishing screen is divided into some segments by electric arc, reduces arc column temperature, improves arc voltage, and electric arc is extinguished rapidly.
If arc extinction not in time, will cause serious damage to electrical equipment.How more rapidly extinguish arcs is the most important problem of appliance field always.People have proposed many kinds of measures and have entered arc-control device to accelerate electric arc, and wherein magnetic blowout is one of the most frequently used method.For example, ferromagnetism arc-blowing device is set in AC circuit breaker, by ferromagnetism plate, produces arc blow-out magnetic field, by the interaction of magnetic field and electric arc, accelerate it to the motion of arc-control device, and then realize extinguishing fast of electric arc.Yet this mode need to additionally arrange ferromagnetism arc-blowing device in space limited in AC circuit breaker, and mechanism arranges dumb, even needs breaker structure to redesign, and cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the shortcoming and defect existing in order to overcome prior art, and provide a kind of preparation method with the soft magnetism electrical contact material of boasting arc property for preparing, the soft magnetism electrical contact material that it makes, be applicable to existing all kinds of AC circuit breaker, when greatly strengthening magnetic blow-out effect, avoid the redesign of breaker structure, improved AC circuit breaker breaking capacity.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the product that a kind of above-mentioned preparation method obtains.
For realizing first object of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is to adopt following operation:
(1) soft magnetism powder is mixed with contact material raw meal, carry out high temperature sintering in hydrogen atmosphere, groupization is granulated, and then the powder agglomates of unity is broken into-15 object mixed powders; Described soft magnetism powder is the mixed powder of a kind of soft magnetism powder or multiple soft magnetism powder;
(2) adopt powder metallurgy mould pressing process, according to the size of the product of electrical contact material and profile, the mixed powder that step (1) the is made electrical contact material that just pressing hole-forming tubular drill gap rate is 70 ~ 85% and the composite of fine silver weld layer; Then in hydrogen atmosphere, carry out high temperature pressed compact sintering, then the pressed compact after sintering is carried out to multiple pressure processing, obtain soft magnetism electrical contact material finished product.
Or adopt following operation: by soft magnetism powder and contact material powder, the composite that just pressing hole-forming tubular drill gap rate is 70 ~ 85%, in this composite, include contact material layer and soft magnetic material layer, wherein contact material layer is contact working lining, soft magnetic material layer is weld layer, then, in hydrogen atmosphere, carry out high temperature pressed compact sintering, and then pressed compact after sintering is carried out to multiple pressure processing, obtain soft magnetism electrical contact material finished product, described soft magnetism powder is the mixed powder of a kind of soft magnetism powder or multiple soft magnetism powder.
Or adopt following operation: soft magnetism powder is mixed with silver based contact material, then wait static pressure to become ingot, obtain and mix briquetting, then under hydrogen atmosphere, briquetting high temperature sintering be will mix, band or sheet material will then be squeezed into, and then adopt the multiple silver process of hot rolling to be prepared into band or the sheet material with silver layer, then according to intended size and profile, punching becomes soft magnetism electrical contact material finished product, and described soft magnetism powder is the mixed powder of a kind of soft magnetism powder or multiple soft magnetism powder.
Or adopt following operation: the static pressure such as soft magnetism powder are become to ingot, then under hydrogen atmosphere, by briquetting high temperature sintering, then be squeezed into soft magnetism band or sheet material, soft magnetism band or sheet material and silver based contact material band or sheet material are carried out to hot rolling compound, then according to intended size and profile, punching becomes soft magnetism electrical contact material finished product, and described soft magnetism powder is the mixed powder of a kind of soft magnetism powder or multiple soft magnetism powder.
For realizing second object of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is: include electrical contact material body, the discrete soft magnetism powder that is distributed with in described electrical contact material body.
Or in this soft magnetism electrical contact material, include contact material layer and the compound soft magnetic material layer that is arranged at contact material layer below, and wherein contact material layer is contact working lining, soft magnetic material layer is weld layer.
Or include Ag-based electrical contact material body, and in the one side of this Ag-based electrical contact material body, being compounded with fine silver layer, this fine silver layer is as contact weld layer, the discrete soft magnetism powder that is distributed with in described electrical contact material body.
Or this soft magnetism electrical contact material comprises silver based contact material layer and the compound soft magnetic material layer that is arranged at silver based contact material layer below, wherein silver based contact material layer is contact working lining, and soft magnetic material layer is weld layer.
The present invention by adding soft magnetism powder in traditional contact material, or below traditional contact material the mode of compound one deck soft magnetic material, make the composite contact of producing except thering is the characteristics such as the conduction of traditional contact, anti-melting welding and resistance to scaling loss, also there is soft magnetic characteristic.
This composite contact material can be when contact disjunction, and the electromagnetic force of utilizing electric current self to produce, forms certain arc blow-out magnetic field, makes electric arc accelerate to leave contact surface, enters arc quenching system, thereby accelerates extinguishing of electric arc, reduces the scaling loss of electric arc to contact.The characteristic of this enhancing magnetic blow-out of contact material of the present invention effect realizes by following mechanism:
While there is short circuit current in circuit, dynamic/static contact separately, produces electric arc under the effect of mechanism between contact.AC circuit breaker is furnished with arc-extinguishing mechanism conventionally.After electric arc produces, arc current around space produces magnetic flux, by the grid sheet magnetization in arc-extinguishing mechanism.Now the magnetic flux path of electric arc surrounding space changes, and the grid sheet being magnetized produces a kind of attraction of electric arc being drawn in to arc-chutes, and electric arc enters after grid sheet, and resistance increases, and arc voltage rises and extinguishes gradually.
Soft magnetic material is in external magnetic field time, and material the gathering of the magnetic line of force will occur around, shows as near the very big enhancing in magnetic field material.After electric arc produces, arc extinguishing grid pieces is magnetized, and attract arc current, and grid sheet magnetic field will be enhanced near having the contact material of soft magnetic characteristic, and electric arc, under the magnetic fields strengthening, will speed up to arc extinguishing grid pieces motion, and then reduces the scaling loss to contact material.
Because soft magnetic materials weakens rapidly along with the increase of distance the enhancement effect in magnetic field, so compared in inlet wire element lower end or the additional soft magnetic materials of side, directly use the contact material with soft magnetic characteristic, for arc blow-out magnetic field, by producing larger humidification, will obtain better arc blow-out effect.
Electrical contact material of the present invention can be made into all size easily, be applicable to existing all kinds of AC circuit breaker, when greatly strengthening magnetic blow-out effect, avoided the redesign of breaker structure, for the raising of existing AC circuit breaker breaking capacity provides more simple and effective approach.
Above-mentioned soft magnetism powder, both can be homogenous material powder (as pure iron), also can be the mixed powder of multiple soft magnetism powder, the selection of these soft magnetism powders makes himself to have lower resistivity, can ensure that contact material of the present invention has higher electrical conductivity, at large electric current, through out-of-date, can control preferably contact temperature rise.
An important feature of material involved in the present invention is, compared to other magnetic blowout mode, contact material of the present invention self, with soft magnetic characteristic, makes the soft magnetism object distance electric arc in breaker nearer, and arc blow-out effect is more obvious; Another important feature of this material is, contact material can require make all size according to electrical equipment, is applied to the AC circuit breaker of various models and without breaker structure is redesigned, this greatly facilitates the use of this kind of contact material.
Below in conjunction with specification drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the soft magnetism electrical contact material generalized section of the embodiment of the present invention 1 preparation;
Fig. 2 is the soft magnetism electrical contact material generalized section of the embodiment of the present invention 2 preparations.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is specifically described; only be used to further illustrate the present invention; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention, the technician in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment to the present invention according to the content of foregoing invention.
First iron powder is mixed in 5:95 ratio with AgWCC powder; In hydrogen atmosphere, mixed powder, at 450 ℃, is carried out sintering groupization for 0.5 hour and granulated, then the powder agglomates of unity is broken into-15 object powders; The electrical contact material that just pressing hole-forming tubular drill gap rate is 80% and the composite of fine silver weld layer; In hydrogen atmosphere, in Muffle furnace, carry out 800 ℃, 2 hours pressed compact sintering; Adopt 8t/cm
2pressure to sintering after pressed compact carry out multiple pressure processing, through post processing, obtain finished product.As shown in Figure 1, this soft magnetism electrical contact material includes electrical contact material body 1, and the described interior disperse of electrical contact material body 1 is distributed with soft magnetism powder 2.
First iron powder, nickel powder, cobalt powder are mixed in 94:1:5 ratio; In hydrogen atmosphere, mixed powder, at 780 ℃, is carried out sintering groupization for 0.5 hour and granulated, then the powder agglomates of unity is broken into-25 object powders; Fe-Ni-Co mixed powder and AgC5 powder are by the finished product thickness 1:1 electrical contact material that just pressing hole-forming tubular drill gap rate is 80%, and wherein, Fe-Ni-Co is weld layer material; In hydrogen atmosphere, in Muffle furnace, carry out 750 ℃, 2.5 hours pressed compact sintering; Adopt 10t/cm
2pressure to sintering after pressed compact carry out multiple pressure processing and obtain finished product by post processing.As shown in Figure 2, include contact material layer 1 and the compound soft magnetic material layer 2 that is arranged at contact material layer below in this soft magnetism electrical contact material, wherein contact material layer is contact working lining, and soft magnetic material layer is weld layer.
Embodiment 3
First iron powder, cobalt powder, silver-colored chromium oxide powder are mixed in 5:1:94 ratio; Adopt the static pressure such as 80MPa pressure to become AgCdO-Fe-Co spindle, in hydrogen atmosphere, spindle is carried out to 700 ℃, 1 hour sintering, is then squeezed into AgCdO-Fe-Co spindle sheet material; Silver chromium oxide-iron-cobalt sheet material adopts the multiple silver process of hot rolling to be prepared into the AgCdO-Fe-Co/Ag sheet material with silver layer, by cold rolling, stamping-out, post processing, obtains finished product.
Embodiment 4
Make AgSnO2/FeNi12 7.5 * 7.5 * 2mm electrical contact.First iron powder is mixed in 88:12 ratio with nickel powder; Adopt the static pressure such as 130MPa pressure to become iron nickel spindle, in hydrogen atmosphere, iron nickel spindle is carried out to 820 ℃, 2.5 hours sintering, are then squeezed into iron nickel spindle sheet material; Be combined into AgSnO2/FeNi12 band with the hot rolling of AgSnO2 band, by being cold-rolled to 2mm thickness, then stamping-out becomes 7.5 * 7.5 * 2mm contact blade, through post processing, obtains finished product.
Claims (8)
1. a preparation method with the soft magnetism electrical contact material of boasting arc property, is characterized in that: comprise following operation:
(1) soft magnetism powder is mixed with contact material raw meal, carry out high temperature sintering in hydrogen atmosphere, groupization is granulated, and then the powder agglomates of unity is broken into-15 object mixed powders; Described soft magnetism powder is the mixed powder of a kind of soft magnetism powder or multiple soft magnetism powder;
(2) adopt powder metallurgy mould pressing process, according to the size of the product of electrical contact material and profile, the mixed powder that step (1) the is made electrical contact material that just pressing hole-forming tubular drill gap rate is 70 ~ 85% and the composite of fine silver weld layer; Then in hydrogen atmosphere, carry out high temperature pressed compact sintering, then the pressed compact after sintering is carried out to multiple pressure processing, obtain soft magnetism electrical contact material finished product.
2. prepared the having of preparation method boasted and be it is characterized in that the soft magnetism electrical contact material of arc property as claimed in claim 1: include electrical contact material body, the discrete soft magnetism powder that is distributed with in described electrical contact material body.
3. a preparation method with the soft magnetism electrical contact material of boasting arc property, is characterized in that: comprise following operation:
By soft magnetism powder and contact material powder, the composite that just pressing hole-forming tubular drill gap rate is 70 ~ 85%, in this composite, include contact material layer and soft magnetic material layer, wherein contact material layer is contact working lining, and soft magnetic material layer is weld layer, then, in hydrogen atmosphere, carry out high temperature pressed compact sintering, and then pressed compact after sintering is carried out to multiple pressure processing, and obtaining soft magnetism electrical contact material finished product, described soft magnetism powder is the mixed powder of a kind of soft magnetism powder or multiple soft magnetism powder.
4. the soft magnetism electrical contact material of arc property is boasted in prepared the having of preparation method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: in this soft magnetism electrical contact material, include contact material layer and the compound soft magnetic material layer that is arranged at contact material layer below, wherein contact material layer is contact working lining, and soft magnetic material layer is weld layer.
5. a preparation method with the soft magnetism electrical contact material of boasting arc property, is characterized in that: comprise following operation:
Soft magnetism powder is mixed with silver based contact material, then wait static pressure to become ingot, obtain and mix briquetting, then under hydrogen atmosphere, briquetting high temperature sintering be will mix, band or sheet material will then be squeezed into, and then adopt the multiple silver process of hot rolling to be prepared into band or the sheet material with silver layer, then according to intended size and profile, punching becomes soft magnetism electrical contact material finished product, and described soft magnetism powder is the mixed powder of a kind of soft magnetism powder or multiple soft magnetism powder.
6. the soft magnetism electrical contact material of arc property is boasted in prepared the having of preparation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: include Ag-based electrical contact material body, in the one side of this Ag-based electrical contact material body, be compounded with fine silver layer, the discrete soft magnetism powder that is distributed with in described electrical contact material body.
7. a preparation method with the soft magnetism electrical contact material of boasting arc property, is characterized in that: comprise following operation:
The static pressure such as soft magnetism powder are become to ingot, then under hydrogen atmosphere, by briquetting high temperature sintering, then be squeezed into soft magnetism band or sheet material, soft magnetism band or sheet material and silver based contact material band or sheet material are carried out to hot rolling compound, then according to intended size and profile, punching becomes soft magnetism electrical contact material finished product, and described soft magnetism powder is the mixed powder of a kind of soft magnetism powder or multiple soft magnetism powder.
8. the soft magnetism electrical contact material of arc property is boasted in prepared the having of preparation method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: this soft magnetism electrical contact material comprises silver based contact material layer and the compound soft magnetic material layer that is arranged at silver based contact material layer one side, wherein silver based contact material layer is contact working lining, and soft magnetic material layer is weld layer.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310533645.7A CN103551575A (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | Preparation method of soft magnetic electrical contact material with self-arc-quenching characteristic and product obtained by same |
| PCT/CN2014/072138 WO2015062186A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2014-02-17 | Method for manufacturing soft magnetic electrical contact material having self-arc blowout property and product thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310533645.7A CN103551575A (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | Preparation method of soft magnetic electrical contact material with self-arc-quenching characteristic and product obtained by same |
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| CN103551575A true CN103551575A (en) | 2014-02-05 |
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| CN201310533645.7A Pending CN103551575A (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2013-10-31 | Preparation method of soft magnetic electrical contact material with self-arc-quenching characteristic and product obtained by same |
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| WO (1) | WO2015062186A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015062186A1 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-05-07 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing soft magnetic electrical contact material having self-arc blowout property and product thereof |
| CN109261961A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-25 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of preparation method preparing copper-based electric contact material based on 3D printing technique |
| CN112582205A (en) * | 2020-12-27 | 2021-03-30 | 中国振华电子集团宇光电工有限公司（国营第七七一厂） | Reinforcing rib capable of enhancing switching-on and switching-off magnetic field |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114694984B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2024-01-19 | 西安交通大学 | Silver tin oxide intelligent contact with magnetic field self-regulating function |
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