CN103548735B - Grouper fry propagation method - Google Patents
Grouper fry propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103548735B CN103548735B CN201310527708.8A CN201310527708A CN103548735B CN 103548735 B CN103548735 B CN 103548735B CN 201310527708 A CN201310527708 A CN 201310527708A CN 103548735 B CN103548735 B CN 103548735B
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- 241001417495 Serranidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000091 immunopotentiator Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000205585 Aquilegia canadensis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000576429 Forsythia suspensa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000001341 Reynoutria japonica Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000018167 Reynoutria japonica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000254109 Tenebrio molitor Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010231 banlangen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- YBHILYKTIRIUTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N berberine Chemical compound C1=C2CC[N+]3=CC4=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C4C=C3C2=CC2=C1OCO2 YBHILYKTIRIUTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940093265 berberine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- QISXPYZVZJBNDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N berberine Natural products COc1ccc2C=C3N(Cc2c1OC)C=Cc4cc5OCOc5cc34 QISXPYZVZJBNDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003026 cod liver oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012716 cod liver oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000133262 Nauplius Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000257465 Echinoidea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000489963 Anabantoidei Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000357439 Epinephelus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276618 Perciformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002710 gonadal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a grouper fry propagation method, which belongs to the technical field of marine culture. The grouper fry propagation method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting parent fish; (2) breeding the parent fish; (3) collecting fertilized ova; (4) manually regulating and controlling the incubation of the fertilized ova; (5) manually regulating and controlling the breed of fry, advanced fry and juvenile fish. The method is rational in design and has strong operability; by adding Vc, VE and compound traditional Chinese medicine immunopotentiator in a feed fed in a parent fish culture process, the potential disease in the bodies of the parent fish can be prevented, the immunologic functions of the bodies of the parent fish are enhanced, and mature gonad development of the parent fish is promoted, so that the fish naturally lay eggs, and meanwhile, the quality of the eggs and the semen is improved; by manually regulating and controlling the incubation of the fertilized eggs and the culture of the fry, the advanced fry and the juvenile fish, stable and large-scale fry are formed. According to the method, the fertilized eggs reach over 97 percent, the incubation rate reaches over 90 percent, and the survival rate reaches over 2.1 percent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mariculture technology field, be specifically related to grouper fry propagation method.
background technology
Grouper
epinephelubelong to Perciformes, Anabantoidei ， Lv section, Epinephelus.All having distribution in subtropics, the whole world and Tropical Ocean Area, is important marine fish.Grouper has that fast growth, feed coefficient are low, economic worth advantages of higher, is high protein, low-fat first-class edible fishes, has the fish of breeding prospect under being considered to intensive culture condition most.Grouper is nutritious, and fine and tender taste is pure white, similar chicken, have the title of " extra large chicken ", is well received by consumers.Simultaneously grouper is also one of maximum seafood fish of artificial propagation and seedling growing process difficulty, and at present owing to cultivating required grouper seedling famine, the grouper mass rearing researching and developing scale is necessary very much.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the object of the invention is providing a kind of grouper fry propagation method.
The present invention is realized by the following technical programs:
Described grouper fry propagation method, is characterized in that comprising following steps:
1) selection of parent population
Select from the fish body that natural waters is caught physique stalwartness, reaction quick, without deformity, body surface is intact the wounded as parent population, wherein raun body weight 600-800g/ tail, milter body weight is more than or equal to 1800g/ tail, and male and female parent population is arranged in pairs or groups in the ratio of 1:2;
2) cultivation of parent population
Grouper parent population good for combo is supported temporarily in indoor culture pond, prenatal nutrition strengthening and environment conditioning are carried out to parent population, impel its natural spawning, obtain fertilized egg;
Described prenatal nutrition strengthening, is with fresh small fish for bait, adds Vc, 1-2%V of accounting for bait weight 2-3%
e,3-4% seawater compound Chinese herbal medicine immunopotentiator for fish, throws something and feeds twice every day, day feeding volume be the 3.5-4.5% of parent population body weight; Described parent population environment conditioning refers to cultivates pond water temperature 25 DEG C ~ 26 DEG C, seawater salinity 25 ~ 35, PH8.0 ~ 8.3, and cultivating pond water surface intensity of illumination is 3500-4500Lx, grouper is carried out to the stimulation by running water 20 ~ 30 minutes of 43-48 liter/min simultaneously;
3) fertilized egg is collected
The egg collecting groove cultivated in pond is utilized to collect fertilized egg;
4) artificial regulatory incubating oosperm
Fertilized egg be positioned over and cultivate in pond, controlling to cultivate pond water temperature is 25.5 ~ 26 DEG C, seawater salinity 28 ~ 32, and hatch under pH value 8.1 ~ 8.2, micro-venting condition, water-soluble oxygen amount is more than or equal to 6mg/L;
5) artificial regulatory larval and juvenile fish is cultivated
Described artificial regulatory larval and juvenile fish is cultivated, and refer to water temperature 25 ~ 26 DEG C, salinity 29 ~ 31, pH value 8.1 ~ 8.2, aeration quantity is changed from small to big, day quantity of exchanged water be 27%-32% alevin stage, postlarva phase 55%-60%, young stage 80%-90%;
2-3 days after seedling incubation of membrane start open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding, and open-mouthed bait is that shellfish larvae and sea urchin egg mix in the ratio of 1:1, and evenly splash, throw something and feed every day four times, each feeding volume is 8-12g/m
3, throw something and feed 2-3 days;
From the 4th day of bait of throwing something and feeding, start to throw something and feed wheel animalcule and copepoda nauplius were thrown something and fed in the ratio of 4:1, and daily ration, feeding quantity is to maintain the density of wheel animalcule in water body for 12000-18000/L, two weeks of throwing something and feeding;
Throw something and feed after fry 20 age in days copepoda and live large halogen worm, feeding volume maintains 1500 ~ 1800/L with overall food density;
After fry grows to 4 ~ 5 ㎝, start throw something and feed shrimp and manufactured feed, ratio both it is 5:3, throws something and feeds every day 2 times, and feeding volume is that the concentrated food of robbing of fry stops.
Described grouper fry propagation method, is characterized in that step 2) described in Chinese herbal medicine immunopotentiator by berberine: honeysuckle: the capsule of weeping forsythia: Radix Isatidis: garlic: the fleece-flower root: Radix Glycyrrhizae is that 2 ~ 3:1 ~ 2:0.5 ~ 1:0.4 ~ 0.8:0.5 ~ 1:0.2 ~ 0.5:0.3 ~ 0.8 is mixed to get.
Described grouper fry propagation method, is characterized in that in step 4), micro-inflation refers at most at 12-15L/m per hour
3.
Described grouper fry propagation method, to is characterized in that in step 5) that aeration quantity is changed from small to big and refers to 15L/m per hour
3increase to 45L/m per hour gradually
3.
Described grouper fry propagation method, is characterized in that the manufactured feed described in step 5) is by dregs of beans: corn flour: flour: dusty yeast: cod-liver oil: shrimp head powder: shitosan: earthworm powder: yellow mealworm powder is that 4 ~ 5:2 ~ 3:1 ~ 2:0.5 ~ 0.8:3 ~ 4:1.5 ~ 3.5:1 ~ 2:0.5 ~ 1.5:0.5 ~ 1.5 mixing is obtained.
The inventive method is reasonable in design, workable, adds Vc, V by the bait of throwing something and feeding in parent fish rearing process
eand Chinese herbal medicine immunopotentiator, disease potential in parent population fish body can be prevented, strengthen the immunologic function of parent population fish body, impel parent population gonadal maturation, make it natural spawning, improve the quality of ovum grain and seminal fluid simultaneously; Cultivated by artificial regulatory incubating oosperm and larval and juvenile fish, form seed that is stable, batch, by the inventive method, fertilized egg reaches more than 97%, and incubation rate reaches more than 90%, and survival rate is to more than 2.1%.
Embodiment
By following specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment
1) selection of parent population
Select from the fish body that natural waters is caught physique stalwartness, reaction quick, without deformity, body surface is intact the wounded as parent population, wherein raun body weight 600-800g/ tail, milter body weight is 1800g/ tail at least, and male and female parent population is arranged in pairs or groups in the ratio of 1:2;
2) cultivation of parent population
Grouper parent population good for combo is supported temporarily in indoor culture pond, control to cultivate pond water temperature 25 DEG C, 25.5 DEG C or 26 DEG C, control seawater salinity 25, 30 or 35, control pH value 8.0, 8.1 or 8.3, control to cultivate pond water surface intensity of illumination 3500 Lx, 4000 Lx or 4500 Lx, 43 are carried out to grouper simultaneously, the stimulation by running water 20 of 45 or 48 liters/min, 25 or 30 minutes, support temporarily every day period and twice prenatal nutrition strengthening is carried out to parent population bait of throwing something and feeding, day feeding volume is 3.5% of parent population body weight, 4% or 4.5%, bait is fresh small fish, add the Vc accounting for bait weight 2-3% simultaneously, 1-2%V
e,3-4% seawater compound Chinese herbal medicine immunopotentiator for fish, this Chinese herbal medicine immunopotentiator is by berberine: honeysuckle: the capsule of weeping forsythia: Radix Isatidis: garlic: the fleece-flower root: Radix Glycyrrhizae is that 2:1.5:0.5:0.4:1:0.5:0.3 is mixed to get, or by berberine: honeysuckle: the capsule of weeping forsythia: Radix Isatidis: garlic: the fleece-flower root: Radix Glycyrrhizae is that 2.5:1:0.8:0.8:0.5:0.2:0.8 is mixed to get, or by berberine: honeysuckle: the capsule of weeping forsythia: Radix Isatidis: garlic: the fleece-flower root: Radix Glycyrrhizae is that 3:2:1:0.6:0.7:0.3:0.5 is mixed to get, the method is adopted to carry out prenatal nutrition strengthening and environment conditioning to parent population, impel natural spawning, obtain fertilized egg,
3) fertilized egg is collected
The egg collecting groove cultivated in pond is utilized to collect fertilized egg;
4) artificial regulatory incubating oosperm
Fertilized egg be positioned over and cultivate in pond, controlling to cultivate pond water temperature is 25.5,25.8 or 26 DEG C, and seawater salinity 28,30 or 32, pH value 8.1 or 8.2 is 12 L/m per hour in aeration quantity
3, 13.5 L/m
3or 15L/m
3micro-venting condition under hatch, water-soluble oxygen amount is more than or equal to 6mg/L;
5) artificial regulatory larval and juvenile fish is cultivated
Artificial regulatory larval and juvenile fish is cultivated, and controls to cultivate pond water temperature 25,25.5 or 26 DEG C, and salinity 29,30 or 31, pH value 8.1 or 8.2, aeration quantity is 15L/m per hour
3increase to 45L/m per hour gradually
3, day quantity of exchanged water be alevin stage 27%, 30% or 32%, postlarva phase 55%, 58% or 60%, young stage 80%, 85% or 90%; 2-3 days after seedling seedling incubation of membrane start open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding, and open-mouthed bait is that shellfish larvae and sea urchin egg mix in the ratio of 1:1, and evenly splash, throw something and feed every day four times, each feeding volume is respectively 12g/m
3, 10g/m
3, 8g/m
3, 9g/m
3, throw something and feed two days or three days; From the 4th day of bait of throwing something and feeding, start to throw something and feed wheel animalcule and copepoda nauplius were thrown something and fed in the ratio of 4:1, and daily ration, feeding quantity is to maintain the density of wheel animalcule in water body for 12000-18000/L, two weeks of throwing something and feeding; Throw something and feed after fry 20 age in days copepoda and live large halogen worm, feeding volume maintains 1500 ~ 1800/L with overall food density; After fry grows to 4 ~ 5 ㎝, start throw something and feed shrimp and manufactured feed, ratio both it is 5:3, throws something and feeds every day 2 times, and feeding volume is that the concentrated food of robbing of fry stops.This manufactured feed is by dregs of beans: corn flour: flour: dusty yeast: cod-liver oil: shrimp head powder: shitosan: earthworm powder: yellow mealworm powder is that 4:3:1:0.8:3:2.5:1.5:1:0.5 mixing is obtained, or by dregs of beans: corn flour: flour: dusty yeast: cod-liver oil: shrimp head powder: shitosan: earthworm powder: yellow mealworm powder is that 4.5:2.5:1.5:0.5:4:3.5:2:1.5:1 mixing is obtained, or by dregs of beans: corn flour: flour: dusty yeast: cod-liver oil: shrimp head powder: shitosan: earthworm powder: yellow mealworm powder is that 5:2:2:0.7:3.5:1.5:1:0.5:1.5 mixing is obtained.
The concrete grammar adopting this to invent in 2012 to female grouper 1500, male grouper 3000 carries out cultivating, mating, reproduction test, last fertilized egg reaches more than 97%, and incubation rate reaches more than 90%, and survival rate is to more than 2.1%.
Claims (5)
1. grouper fry propagation method, is characterized in that comprising following steps:
1) selection of parent population
Select from the fish body that natural waters is caught physique stalwartness, reaction quick, without deformity, body surface is intact the wounded as parent population, wherein raun body weight 600-800g/ tail, milter body weight is more than or equal to 1800g/ tail, and male and female parent population is arranged in pairs or groups in the ratio of 1:2;
2) cultivation of parent population
Grouper parent population good for combo is supported temporarily in indoor culture pond, prenatal nutrition strengthening and environment conditioning are carried out to parent population, impel its natural spawning, obtain fertilized egg;
Described prenatal nutrition strengthening, is with fresh small fish for bait, adds Vc, 1-2%V of accounting for bait weight 2-3%
e, 3-4% seawater compound Chinese herbal medicine immunopotentiator for fish, throw something and feed twice every day, day feeding volume be the 3.5-4.5% of parent population body weight; Described parent population environment conditioning refers to cultivates pond water temperature 25 DEG C ~ 26 DEG C, seawater salinity 25 ~ 35, PH8.0 ~ 8.3, and cultivating pond water surface intensity of illumination is 3500-4500Lx, grouper is carried out to the stimulation by running water 20 ~ 30 minutes of 43-48 liter/min simultaneously;
3) fertilized egg is collected
The egg collecting groove cultivated in pond is utilized to collect fertilized egg;
4) artificial regulatory incubating oosperm
Fertilized egg be positioned over and cultivate in pond, controlling to cultivate pond water temperature is 25.5 ~ 26 DEG C, seawater salinity 28 ~ 32, and hatch under pH value 8.1 ~ 8.2, micro-venting condition, water-soluble oxygen amount is more than or equal to 6mg/L;
5) artificial regulatory larval and juvenile fish is cultivated
Described artificial regulatory larval and juvenile fish is cultivated, and refer to water temperature 25 ~ 26 DEG C, salinity 29 ~ 31, pH value 8.1 ~ 8.2, aeration quantity is changed from small to big, day quantity of exchanged water be 27%-32% alevin stage, postlarva phase 55%-60%, young stage 80%-90%;
2-3 days after seedling incubation of membrane start open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding, and open-mouthed bait is that shellfish larvae and sea urchin egg mix in the ratio of 1:1, and evenly splash, throw something and feed every day four times, each feeding volume is 8-12g/m
3, throw something and feed 2-3 days;
From the 4th day of bait of throwing something and feeding, start throw something and feed wheel animalcule and copepoda nauplius, wheel animalcule and copepoda nauplius are thrown something and fed in the ratio of 4:1, and daily ration, feeding quantity is to maintain the density of wheel animalcule in water body for 12000-18000/L, two weeks of throwing something and feeding;
Throw something and feed after fry 20 age in days copepoda and live large halogen worm, feeding volume maintains 1500 ~ 1800/L with overall food density;
After fry grows to 4 ~ 5 ㎝, start throw something and feed shrimp and manufactured feed, ratio both it is 5:3, throws something and feeds every day 2 times, and feeding volume is that the concentrated food of robbing of fry stops.
2. grouper fry propagation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) described in Chinese herbal medicine immunopotentiator by berberine: honeysuckle: the capsule of weeping forsythia: Radix Isatidis: garlic: the fleece-flower root: Radix Glycyrrhizae is that 2 ~ 3:1 ~ 2:0.5 ~ 1:0.4 ~ 0.8:0.5 ~ 1:0.2 ~ 0.5:0.3 ~ 0.8 is mixed to get.
3. grouper fry propagation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step 4), micro-inflation refers to that aeration quantity is at 12-15L/m per hour
3.
4. grouper fry propagation method according to claim 1, to is characterized in that in step 5) that aeration quantity is changed from small to big and refers to 15L/m per hour
3increase to 45L/m per hour gradually
3.
5. grouper fry propagation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the manufactured feed described in step 5) is by dregs of beans: corn flour: flour: dusty yeast: cod-liver oil: shrimp head powder: shitosan: earthworm powder: yellow mealworm powder is that 4 ~ 5:2 ~ 3:1 ~ 2:0.5 ~ 0.8:3 ~ 4:1.5 ~ 3.5:1 ~ 2:0.5 ~ 1.5:0.5 ~ 1.5 mixing is obtained.
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| CN105409855A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-03-23 | 宜章洪成特种水产繁育场 | Fry culturing method |
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| CN110402857B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-12-03 | 三亚福联水产发展有限公司 | Rapid propagation method for grouper |
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| CN111771772B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2022-11-08 | 福建省水产研究所（福建水产病害防治中心） | Grouper fry breeding method |
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