CN1035426C - 托盘形容器 - Google Patents

托盘形容器 Download PDF

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CN1035426C
CN1035426C CN94114830A CN94114830A CN1035426C CN 1035426 C CN1035426 C CN 1035426C CN 94114830 A CN94114830 A CN 94114830A CN 94114830 A CN94114830 A CN 94114830A CN 1035426 C CN1035426 C CN 1035426C
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pallet
container
shell
supporting member
plastics
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CN1102389A (zh
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U·许茨
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Hutch Factory Co
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Abstract

一种作为多次性容器使用的托盘形容器(1)，其主部件包括一个由交叉的垂直和水平金属栅条(3，4)构成的外壳(2)，一个可装在外壳中的由光滑塑料壁件构成的支承件(5)，一个装在栅壳(2)和支承件(5)上的由塑料或金属板材制成的封闭盖(11)，和一个可由叉车，堆架机或类似机械操纵的钢制托盘(12)，钢制托盘(12)具有为输送和贮存空容器而设置的一个容纳腔，用于容纳处于折叠状态下的栅壳(2)和支承件(5)。

Description

托盘形容器
本发明涉及一种托盘形容器，可以一次或多次使用，这种容器具有一个由金属板或塑料制成的底盆，底盆有一个排流底并固定在一个可用叉车、堆架装置或类似机械操纵的金属、塑料或木制托框上，一个可拆卸地固定在托盘上并可以压叠起来的外壳，该外壳由一种金属栅结构件或金属板制成，以及一个顶靠在外壳上的支承件，该支承件由一些可以压叠起来成为一个板叠的壁件构成。为了输送和贮存液体，根据选择，这种容器可以装配一个顶靠在支承件上的薄壁塑料内容器，该内容器有一个排流底并且形状吻合地装在底盆中，或者为了输送和贮存松散物料可以装配一个由塑料薄膜或纺织材料构成的内袋，并在取出内容器后可以利用支承件用来输送和贮存杂货。这种托盘形容器已由DE 4237889 A1公开。
由于节省原材料的必要性和法律上保护环境的规定迫使相关的工业部门，为将液体进行输送和贮存，应将液体装入大容量的向市场供应的那种多次使用的托盘形容器中，以取代至今容量很小的桶器。
本发明的目的在于进一步改进上述类型的托盘形容器，使得在输送或贮存空的托盘形容器时，能将该容器简单地并且花费极少时间地压叠成一个占空间位置极少的紧凑单元，同样又能迅速且简单地重新装配成可工作状态，以便用于输送和贮存液体，松散物料或杂货。
根据本发明，上述目的是这样实现的，这种作为一次性和多次性使用的托盘形容器，包括一个由金属板材或塑料制成的底盆，该底盆有一个排流底并固定在一个可以用叉车、堆架机械或类似机械操纵的、由金属、塑料或木材制成的托框上，一个可拆卸地固定在托盘上并能压叠起来的、由一种金属栅结构件或者金属板材制成的外壳，和一个顶接在外壳上的由一些可以折叠成一个紧凑组件的壁件构成的支承件，其中，为了输送和贮存液体，根据选择，托盘形容器可以配置一个顶接在支承件上的薄壁塑料内容器，该内容器有一个排流底并由托盘的底盆形状吻合地装配到位，或者，为了输送和贮存松散物料，该托盘形容器可以配置一个由塑料薄膜或纺织材料制成的内袋，并在取出内容器后，利用支承件可以用于输送和贮存杂货，其特征是，为了输送和贮存空的托盘形容器，底盆包含一个接收折叠状态下的栅壳和支承件的容纳腔。
在本发明的一种有利结构中，设有一个由塑料或金属板材制成的盖，用于在容器处于工作状态下封闭由栅壳和支承件构成的输送和贮存腔，和在容器处于折叠状态下封闭托盘的容纳腔。最好设有一个在封闭盖的上侧面中加工成形的环槽，用于容纳一个堆置的折叠起来的容器组件的托框。
在本发明的又一结构中，在托盘的平底盆的外边缘上固定了一个由金属板材或塑料制成的安装框，该安装框包住托盘的容纳腔。
在本发明的又一结构中，支承件的由塑料制成的光滑壁件由柔性铰接带相互连接起来，它们与薄壁塑料内容器的倒圆角部相匹配，前壁件和后壁件此外还能在中央处折叠。
在一有利的结构中，外壳的四个栅壁由倒圆角板与装在该角板上的铰接件相互连接起来，其中角板的形状与塑料内容器角部的形状以及支承件顶接在内容器上的铰接带相适配。
在本发明的又一结构中，外壳的前后栅壁在中央处分开，各个半壁通过铰接件相互连接，外壳的一个侧壁利用可移动的铰接件可摆动地固定在托盘底盆的安装框的上边缘的一个长段部分上，外壳的前后壁的另一个侧壁或者两个侧壁以及半壁利用可拆卸的夹头固定在安装框的上边缘的两个长段部分和两个短段部分上。
在本发明的又一结构中，该托盘形容器在安装框的上边缘上设有栅壳的前壁和后壁的可拆卸式锁定机构。
在本发明的又一结构中，设有一个由塑料制成的用于输送杂货的衬盆。
在本发明的又一结构中，设有一个板件或阀件，用于在输送杂货和松散物料时封闭在托盘的安装框中设置的用于安纳塑料内容器的排流龙头的入口和排流龙头下面排流区中托框的向前开启的底部中间部分。
本发明的托盘形容器的特征在于它有以下优点：
外栅壳和支承件具有简单的可折叠结构，托盘中隔出一个容纳腔，这些能使托盘形容器的组成部件简单迅速地叠合成一个紧凑的单元，使得容器在空的状态下运输和贮存时所需的位置达到最小，相应地就使运输和贮存费用变得很低。同样地，也可以使叠合起来的容器简单迅速重新装备成可工作的状态。根据需要，托盘形容器可以配置一个薄壁塑料内容器，用于输送和贮存液体，或者配置一个内袋，该内袋由塑料膜或纺织材料制成，用于输送和贮存松散物料。借助于由壁板构成的支承件，该托盘形容器适用于输送和贮存各种杂货和半成品。由于采用了相应结构的封闭盖用于托盘中的容纳腔，叠合起来的紧凑的容器单元可以多层叠放。最后借助于由壁件构成的支承件来支承塑料内容器，可以使内容器的壁厚大大减小，从而大大减少被颜料，漆和类似的有害于环境的液体所污染的塑料材料数量，这样这些塑料材料经燃烧可毫无问题地处理掉。
以下根据附图来说明本发明。附图中，
图1是带有内容器的托盘形容器的前视图，
图2是沿图1中II-II线的部分剖切放大视图，
图3是安装起来的栅壳和压叠在一起的栅壳在翻折到托盘的容纳腔中之前的俯视图，
图4是压叠成一个紧凑组件的容器的截面视图，其上叠放一个容器组件，
图5是一个用于在托盘的安装框与将外壳的可折叠起来的前、后栅壁锁定的锁定装置，
图6是一个可移动的关节接头放大视图，用于将外栅壳的纵壁可摆动地固定在托盘的安装框上。
图1和2中所示的作为多种用途使用的托盘形容器1用于运输和贮存各种液体，它具有作为主部件的外壳2，该外壳由相互交叉的垂直和水平的金属栅条3，4构成，一个由光滑塑料壁件制成的可装入外壳中的支承件5，用于支承一个由塑料最好是聚乙烯制成的可更换的薄壁内容器，具有矩形轮廓和倒圆的角部，并配有一个可用螺纹盖8封闭的注入接头7和一个排空接头9，用于连接一个排卸龙头10，托盘形容器还有一个装在栅壳2和支承件5上的塑料或金属板材制成的封闭盖11，以有一个能用升降叉车，堆架装置或类似机械进行操作的钢制托盘12，其长度和宽度符合欧洲标准，用于支承内容器6，支承件5和栅壳2。
作为吹制件加工而成的塑料内容器6具有一个从侧壁13，14和后壁15朝前壁16中的排卸龙头10稍微倾斜的排流底17，该内容器6形状吻合地装在一个固定在托架18上的具有与内容器6的底17相适配的底20的底盆中。托盘12的底盆19是由金属板加工成的深拉件。
光滑的、由塑料材料挤压注塑而成的支承件5的壁件21-24相互间用柔性的铰接带25连接起来，它们与薄壁内容器6的倒圆角部26相适配(见图2)，此外前壁件21和后壁件22可以在中央折叠起来。
支承件5可以挤压注塑加工成整体件的板件，该托板通过厚度减小的构成铰接带25的条形件而被分成壁件21-24。为了提高柔性，可以在铰接带25中压入沟槽或切口。
此外还可以将支承件5的壁件21-24注塑或压制成塑料材料制成的单独板件，这些板件用构成铰接带25的由柔性塑料制成的条形件来连接。
可压叠在一起的外壳2的四个栅壁27-30用倒圆的角板31和装配在其上的铰接件32相互连接起来，角板31的形状与塑料内容器6的角部分26倒圆角的形状以及与支承件5的顶接在内容器6上的铰接带25都是相吻合的。角板31由压入的波纹件33进行加强。
在托盘12平底盆19的外边缘34上固定了一个金属板制成的安装框35，它有一个容纳腔36用于容纳处于压叠起来的状态2′和5＇下的栅壳2和支承件5，使托盘形容器1在排空的状态下叠成一个紧凑的单元以进行输送或贮存(见图4)。
外壳2的前栅壁27和后栅壁28在中央处分开，各半壁27a，27b和28a，28b则由铰接件37相互连接起来。栅壳2的一个侧壁29利用可移动的铰接件(或称关节接头)38可摆动地固定在托盘12底盆19的安装框35的前缘39的一个长段上(参见图6)。外壳2的前栅壁27和后栅壁28的另一个侧壁30或者两个侧壁29，30以及半壁27a，27b和28a，28b则利用可拆卸的夹头40固定在安装框35的前缘39的两个长段和两个短段上(见图5)。栅壳2的前壁27和后壁28利用可拆卸锁定件41锁定在安装框35的前缘39上。
在折叠托盘形容器1时，首先将空的内容器拿出，接着从栅壳2中取出支承件5。之后将支承件5折起来。在解除栅壁27，28的锁定件41后，将栅壁27，28和栅壳2的侧壁30向内压入，由此使栅壁27，28，30的固定夹头40从安装框35的前缘39上拆开，从而可以使栅壳2垂直地朝着栅壁29折叠(图3)。折叠在一起的栅壳2此时可以沿一个水平位置翻折到托盘12的空腔36中。折叠起来的支承件5放置在栅壳2上，最后由盖11封闭空腔36。
在工作状态下，盖11用于封闭由栅壳2和支承件5构成的托盘形容器1的输送腔和贮存腔。除了盖11外，栅壳2还用一个未示出的由对角线支撑条构成的上框架进行加强。
在封闭盖11的上侧中加工有一个环槽42，用于容纳堆置的压叠起来的容器单元的托框18(见图4)。
没有塑料内容器6时，托盘形容器1可以用于输送和贮存各种不同的杂货和半成品。在这种使用情况下，在由托盘的金属板构成的底盆中可以装入一个附加的塑料盆。
为了输送和贮存松散物料，托盘形容器的塑料内容器用一个由塑料薄膜或纺织材料构成的内袋来替换掉。
为了输送和贮存松散物料和杂货件，用于塑料内容器6的排卸龙头10的、设置在托盘12的安装框35中的入口43和排卸龙头10下面排流区中的托框18的前部开启的底部中间44将由一个板件45或者阀封闭起来。

Claims (10)

1.作为一次性和多次性使用的托盘形容器，包括一个由金属板材或塑料制成的底盆，该底盆有一个排流底并固定在一个可以用叉车、堆架机械或类似机械操纵的、由金属、塑料或木材制成的托框上，一个可拆卸地固定在托盘上并能压叠起来的、由一种金属栅结构件或者金属板材制成的外壳，和一个顶接在外壳上的由一些可以折叠成一个紧凑组件的壁件构成的支承件，其中，为了输送和贮存液体，根据选择，托盘形容器可以配置一个顶接在支承件上的薄壁塑料内容器，该内容器有一个排流底并由托盘的底盆形状吻合地装配到位，或者，为了输送和贮存松散物料，该托盘形容器可以配置一个由塑料薄膜或纺织材料制成的内袋，并在取出内容器后，利用支承件可以用于输送和贮存杂货，其特征是，为了输送和贮存空的托盘形容器，底盆(19)包含一个接收折叠状态(2＇，5＇)下的栅壳(2)和支承件(5)的容纳腔(36)。
2.按权利要求1的托盘形容器，其特征是，设有一个由塑料或金属板材制成的盖(11)，用于在容器(1)处于工作状态下封闭由栅壳(2)和支承件(5)构成的输送和贮存腔，和在容器(1)处于折叠状态下封闭托盘(12)的容纳腔(36)。
3.按权利要求2的托盘形容器，其特征是，设有一个在封闭盖(11)的上侧面中加工成形的环槽(42)，用于容纳一个堆置的折叠起来的容器组件的托框(18)。
4.按权利要求1的托盘形容器，其特征是，在托盘(12)的平底盆(19)的外边缘(34)上固定了一个由金属板材或塑料制成的安装框(35)，该安装框(35)包住托盘(12)的容纳腔(36)。
5.按权利要求1的托盘形容器，其特征是，支承件(5)的由塑料制成的光滑壁件(21-24)由柔性铰接带(25)相互连接起来，它们与薄壁塑料内容器(6)的倒圆角部(26)相匹配，前壁件(21)和后壁件(22)此外还能在中央处折叠。
6.按权利要求1至3中之一的托盘形容器，其特征是，外壳(2)的四个栅壁(27-30)由倒圆角板(31)与装在该角板(31)上的铰接件(32)相互连接起来，其中角板(31)的形状与塑料内容器(6)角部(26)的形状以及支承件(5)顶接在内容器(6)上的铰接带(25)相适配。
7.按权利要求1至3中之一的托盘形容器，其特征是，外壳(2)的前后栅壁(27，28)在中央处分开，各个半壁(27a，27b；28a，28b)通过铰接件(37)相互连接，外壳(2)的一个侧壁(29)利用可移动的铰接件(38)可摆动地固定在托盘(12)底盆(19)的安装框(35)的上边缘(39)的一个长段部分上，外壳(2)的前后壁(27，28)的另一个侧壁(30)或者两个侧壁(29，30)以及半壁(27a，27b；28a，28b)利用可拆卸的夹头(40)固定在安装框(35)的上边缘(39)的两个长段部分和两个短段部分上。
8.按权利要求7的托盘形容器，其特征是，设置锁定安装框(35)的上边缘(39)上的栅壳(2)的前壁(27)和后壁(28)的可拆卸式锁定机构(41)。
9.按权利要求1至3中之一的托盘形容器，其特征是，设有一个由塑料制成的用于输送杂货的衬盆。
10.按权利要求1至3中之一的托盘形容器，其特征是，设有一个板件(45)或阀件，用于在输送杂货和松散物料时封闭在托盘(12)的安装框(35)中设置的用于安纳塑料内容器(6)的排流龙头(10)的入口(43)和排流龙头(10)下面排流区中托框(18)的向前开启的底部中间部分(44)。
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JPH07149347A (ja) 1995-06-13
YU46094A (sh) 1997-03-07
AU682041B2 (en) 1997-09-18
ZA945320B (en) 1995-02-28
LT3386B (en) 1995-08-25
US5507392A (en) 1996-04-16
NO316505B1 (no) 2004-02-02
HU9402135D0 (en) 1994-10-28
EE9400130A (et) 1995-12-15
CZ171394A3 (en) 1995-02-15
NO942694D0 (no) 1994-07-18
NO942694L (no) 1995-01-30
DE9410746U1 (de) 1994-09-08
KR950003129A (ko) 1995-02-16
CN1102389A (zh) 1995-05-10
AU6862794A (en) 1995-02-09
BR9402960A (pt) 1995-04-11
RU2083452C1 (ru) 1997-07-10
HRP940388A2 (en) 1996-10-31
LV11150A (lv) 1996-04-20
HUT69412A (en) 1995-09-28
SK87094A3 (en) 1995-01-12
ATE165296T1 (de) 1998-05-15
EP0636545A2 (de) 1995-02-01
DE4325223C1 (de) 1995-01-12
JP2915799B2 (ja) 1999-07-05
LV11150B (en) 1996-08-20
PL176151B1 (pl) 1999-04-30
TW275058B (zh) 1996-05-01
PL304318A1 (en) 1995-02-06
SI9400269A (en) 1995-02-28
DK0636545T3 (da) 1999-01-18
CA2128928A1 (en) 1995-01-29
HU213666B (en) 1997-09-29

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