CN103535247B - Oxygen enriching and sterilizing device and oxygen enriching and sterilizing method for soilless culture nutrient solution - Google Patents
Oxygen enriching and sterilizing device and oxygen enriching and sterilizing method for soilless culture nutrient solution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oxygen enriching and sterilizing device and an oxygen enriching and sterilizing method for soilless culture nutrient solution. The method includes dissolving air or oxygen into the nutrient solution by the aid of a micro-nano bubble generation technology to form micro-nano bubble oxygen-enriched water so as to enrich the oxygen in the nutrient solution; dissolving ozone in the nutrient solution by the aid of the micro-nano bubble generation technology to form micro-nano bubble ozone water and jointly sterilizing the nutrient solution by an ultraviolet sterilizer. The oxygen enriching and sterilizing device and the oxygen enriching and sterilizing method have the advantages that the dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution can be effectively increased, root rotting phenomena of hydroponics plants can be reduced, and the yield can be increased; spreading of microbial diseases in the nutrient solution can be effectively suppressed, and the application amount of pesticides can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural production, be specifically related to a kind of oxygenation of soilless culture nutrient fluid, chlorination equipment and method.
Background technology
Soilless culture is exactly a kind of crop cultivating technology making matrix without natural soil, it is directly cultivated by crop in the nutrient solution of certain device, or the agricultural modernization planting type of cultivation on the cultivation bed being full of lower portion matrix and certain nutrient solution.Utilize soilless culture effectively can overcome the continuous cropping obstacle such as soil salt marsh, soil-borne disease in vegetables, flowers Protectorate cultivation, can plant in the uncultivated area place anniversary; And can increase the yield per unit area and product quality.The countries in Europes such as Holland have the gourd, fruit and vegetable of more than 90% and flowers to adopt soilless culture.
Plant in soilless culture mainly relies on nutrient solution to provide the necessary nutritive element that grows.There is following problem in the use of current nutrient solution: one is the easy anoxic of nutrient solution.Soilless culture is water planting especially, because of nutrition liquid layer compared with dark, root system scope of activities is little, easily causes oxygen supply not enough.During crop root anoxic, its poor growth, moisture and Nutrient Absorption weaken, thus affect aerial growth and cause production declining.Two is sterilizations of nutrient solution.Due to recycling of nutrient solution, the probability of nutrient solution contact cause of disease increases greatly, and once propagation of catching an illness can be very fast, whole cultivation system just can be made all to catch an illness, cause great economic loss in the short time.
In order to solve above-mentioned two problems, there are some methods targetedly at present.
Nutrient solution oxygenation aspect, the circulation of main dependence water pump makes nutrient solution be in flow regime in the most of the time.Nutrient solution in flow process by the impact of current and contact the dissolved oxygen improving self with air.This method efficiency in large-scale hydroponic system is lower, is difficult to meet plant growth needs.
Nutrient solution sterilization aspect, current Measures compare is many.Comprise high-temperature sterilization, sand filtration, chemical agent, ultraviolet, ozone etc.The wherein effective and environmental friendliness of high-temperature sterilization, but power consumption comparatively large, drop into also larger; Sand filtration treating capacity is less, and effect is general, but environmental friendliness is pollution-free; Chemical reagent effect stability, but have pollution easily to cause medicament to remain to environment; Ultraviolet sterilization efficiency is high, but larger by water quality impact; Ozonization is swift in response, and without secondary retained, but investment is comparatively large, needs placement a period of time to use after sterilization.
Micro-nano bubbler techniques has just introduced a technology domestic, advanced in the world, belongs to Physical Agriculture technology.Micro-nano bubble, refer to that diameter is less than or equal to the extremely small bubble of 50 μm, compared with common micro-bubble, it rises slowly in water, the longer time can be stopped in water, and micro-nano bubble can oneself compress, and is dissolved in water, so it has very high solvability in water.The characteristics such as micro-nano bubble possesses from supercharging, the free radical of electronegative and strong oxidizing property, agricultural industry and field of food science are to the application pay attention to day by day of micro-nano bubbler techniques.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for existing soilless culture nutrient fluid oxygenation efficiency low, the single use of various sterilization method, have that environmental pollution is large, operating cost is high and the problem such as weak effect, efficiency is low, a kind of oxygenation of new and effective soilless culture nutrient fluid, chlorination equipment and method thereof are provided.
In order to realize the object of the invention, the invention provides a kind of oxygenation of soilless culture nutrient fluid, chlorination equipment and method thereof, utilize micro-nano bubble generation technique air or oxygen to be dissolved in nutrient solution to form micro-nano bubble heavy-oxygen-enriched water and oxygenation is carried out to nutrient solution; Utilize micro-nano bubble generation technique to be dissolved in nutrient solution by ozone and form micro-nano bubble Ozone Water, and through ultraviolet ray disinfector, combined disinfection is carried out to nutrient solution.
Described device comprises the first liquid storage tank 1, immersible pump 2, filter 3, oxygenerator 5, ozone generator 6, the quick generating means of micro-nano bubble and ultraviolet ray disinfector 8, second liquid storage tank 9, air compressor machine 10, immersible pump 11, planting groove 12, the quick generating means of described micro-nano bubble comprises micro-nano bubble quick generating means main frame 4 and micro-nano bubble releasing device 7, wherein, described first liquid storage tank 1 connects filter 3 by the first pipeline 14, first pipeline 14 is provided with immersible pump 2, filter 3 connects the quick generating means main frame 4 of micro-nano bubble by the second pipeline 15, micro-nano bubble quick generating means main frame 4 connects micro-nano bubble releasing device 7 by the 3rd pipeline 17, micro-nano bubble releasing device 7 connects ultraviolet ray disinfector 8 by the 4th pipeline 18, ultraviolet ray disinfector 8 connects the second liquid storage tank 9 by the 5th pipeline 19, , second liquid storage tank 9 connects one end of planting groove 12 by the 6th pipeline 20, the other end of planting groove 12 connects the first liquid storage tank 1 by the 7th pipeline 13, 6th pipeline 20 is provided with immersible pump 11, second liquid storage tank 9 is also connected with air compressor machine 10 by air pipe line 23, oxygenerator 5 is connected by the quick generating means main frame 4 of the first oxygen pipeline 16 and micro-nano bubble, and is connected with ozone generator 6 by the second oxygen pipeline 21, ozone generator 6 is connected by ozone pipeline 22 with the quick generating means main frame 4 of micro-nano bubble.
Correspondingly, the invention provides a kind of oxygenation of soilless culture nutrient fluid, sterilization method, comprise the following steps:
A) nutrient solution in planting groove 12 after Crop utilizes, is back in the first liquid storage tank 1;
B) nutrient solution in the first liquid storage tank 1, provides power filter by suction 3 to filter through immersible pump 2, removes rotten root, deposit seed and organic impurities;
C) nutrient solution after filtering enters the quick generating means main frame 4 of micro-nano bubble;
D) during nutrient solution oxygenation, oxygenerator 5 provides oxygen to supply the quick generating means main frame 4 of micro-nano bubble, mix with the nutrient solution entering main frame, then enter micro-nano bubble releasing device 7 and produce micro-nano bubble heavy-oxygen-enriched water, flow through again after ultraviolet ray disinfector 8 carries out disinfection and flow back to the second liquid storage tank 9, there is provided power to enter water planting planting groove 12 by immersible pump 11, carry out the oxygenation circulation of nutrient solution;
E) during nutrient solution sterilization, oxygenerator 5 provides oxygen for ozone generator 6, produce the quick generating means main frame 4 of the micro-nano bubble of ozone supply, mix with the nutrient solution entering main frame, then enter micro-nano bubble releasing device 7 and produce micro-nano bubble Ozone Water, flow through again after ultraviolet ray disinfector 8 carries out combined disinfection and flow back to the second liquid storage tank 9, complete sterilization, in nutrient solution, residual ozone carries out stripping by air compressor machine 10, and last nutrient solution provides power to enter planting groove 12 by immersible pump 11 and recycles;
When f) changing crops, pasteurised completely is carried out to nutrient solution and planting groove 12, nutrient solution flows into after the second liquid storage tank 9 through ozone and disinfection by ultraviolet light, do not start air compressor machine 10, nutrient solution containing micro-nano ozone bubbles carries out several circulation in planting groove 12, then nutrient solution is placed, make residual ozone concentration drop to below 0.1mg/L, re-start field planting, recycle nutrient solution.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) micro-nano aeration process is adopted, the quick generating means of micro-nano bubble makes oxygen/ozone high-efficiency dissolution in water, generate the micro-nano air-bubble of oxygen/ozone of high concentration, the micro-nano bubble simultaneously generated has slow release effect, the RT of oxygen/ozone in water can be extended, increase operation rate.
(2) adopt multistage technology to carry out disinfection to nutrient solution, comprise front end filtration, ozone, ultraviolet three segment process, three segment process are maximized favourable factors and minimized unfavourable ones and are complemented one another, and what realize nutrient solution is sterilized.
(3) before nutrient solution carries out ozone and disinfection by ultraviolet light, make it first through filter, decrease reducing substances and opaque impurity in nutrient solution and, on the impact of Disinfection Effect, substantially increase bactericidal effect.
(4) ozone and ultraviolet are combined, and the ozone dissolved in water can the active higher hydroxyl radical free radical (OH) of reaction of formation under Ultraviolet radiation, and then accelerates the removal speed of Organic substance in water.
(5) adopt air compressor machine to carry out stripping to residue ozone, make the ozone concentration in nutrient solution drop to below 0.1mg/L, the nutrient solution after ozonization can come into operation immediately and not cause damage to plant.
(6) do not start air compressor machine when changing crops, the nutrient solution containing micro-nano ozone bubbles carries out several circulation in series connection solution culture facilities, will effectively remove the pathogen at facility dead angle.
(7) oxygenation, sterilization two-way function can be realized, oxygenation can be carried out to nutrient solution, can carry out disinfection to nutrient solution again, effectively reduce the cumulative cost of investment of single equipment.
(8) nutrient solution oxygenation efficiency is high, and Ozone Water is produced conveniently, sterilizes more thorough.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of nutrient solution oxygenation of the present invention, decontamination system.
Wherein, 1-first liquid storage tank, 2-immersible pump, 3-filter, the quick generating means main frame of the micro-nano bubble of 4-, 5-oxygenerator, 6-ozone generator, the micro-nano bubble releasing device of 7-, 8-ultraviolet ray disinfector, 9-second liquid storage tank, 10-air compressor machine, 11-immersible pump, 12-planting groove, 13-the 7th pipeline, 14-first pipeline, 15-second pipeline, 16-first oxygen pipeline, 17-the 3rd pipeline, 18-the 4th pipeline, 19-the 5th pipeline, 20-the 6th pipeline, 21-second oxygen pipeline, 22-ozone pipeline, 23-air pipe line.
Embodiment
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.If do not specialize, the conventional means that technological means used in embodiment is well known to those skilled in the art, is raw materials usedly commercial goods.
Embodiment 1: the oxygenation of Greenhouse Water Culture romaine lettuce nutrient solution, sterilization.
As shown in Figure 1, this device comprises the first liquid storage tank 1, immersible pump 2, filter 3, oxygenerator 5, ozone generator 6, the quick generating means of micro-nano bubble and ultraviolet ray disinfector 8, second liquid storage tank 9, air compressor machine 10, immersible pump 11, planting groove 12 and gas, liquid communication pipeline for oxygenation, chlorination equipment schematic diagram.The quick generating means of micro-nano bubble comprises micro-nano bubble quick generating means main frame 4 and micro-nano bubble releasing device 7, can gas (oxygen, ozone, air etc.) be dissolved in water in the mode of cutting of circling round efficiently, rapidly, form micro-nano bubble, its diameter is less than 50 μm.Micro-nano gas ducks in drink and rises slowly, can stop the longer time in water, and micro-nano bubble can oneself's compression be dissolved in water, and in water, have very high solvability, the disposal ability of the quick generating means of micro-nano bubble is 1-5m
3/ h.
The nutrient solution of the first liquid storage tank 1 promotes by immersible pump 2, enter filter 3 by the first pipeline 14 to filter, filter 3 is screen mesh type, stacked or sand filtration formula filter, for rotten root, deposit seed and organic impurities in filtering nutrient solution, avoid blocking the quick generating means of micro-nano bubble, the validity ensureing disinfection by ultraviolet light and the invalid loss reduced ozone, improve disinfection efficiency.
Preferably, immersible pump 2 is stainless steel corrosion resistant self-sucking pump, and its flow and lift can be matched as requested.
Oxygenerator 5 is connected by the quick generating means main frame 4 of the first oxygen pipeline 16 and micro-nano bubble, and is connected with ozone generator 6 by the second oxygen pipeline 21.Ozone generator 6 is connected by ozone pipeline 22 with the quick generating means main frame 4 of micro-nano bubble.
Nutrient solution after filter 3 filters enters the quick generating means main frame 4 of micro-nano bubble by the second pipeline 15, when nutrient solution needs oxygenation, oxygen enters the quick generating means main frame 4 of micro-nano bubble from oxygenerator 5 by the first oxygen pipeline 16, when nutrient solution needs sterilization, oxygen enters ozone generator 6 from oxygenerator 5 by the second oxygen pipeline 21, the ozone that ozone generator 6 is produced enters the quick generating means main frame 4 of micro-nano bubble by ozone pipeline 22, after nutrient solution mixes with the oxygen or ozone that enter main frame simultaneously, micro-nano bubble releasing device 7 is entered through the 3rd pipeline 17, micro-nano bubble is produced in micro-nano bubble releasing device 7, micro-nano air-bubble flows through the 4th pipeline 18 and enters ultraviolet ray disinfector 8, the second liquid storage tank 9 is flowed into again through the 5th pipeline 19, so far, planting groove 12 can be flowed into along the 6th pipeline 20 through the nutrient solution of oxygenation or sterilization through the lifting of immersible pump 11 to recycle, the nutrient solution of last planting groove 12 is back to the first liquid storage tank 1 along the 7th pipeline 13, complete an oxygenation or decontamination cycle.
Preferred ultraviolet ray disinfector 8 is overflow-type, and its flow is 1-5m
3/ h.
In aforesaid oxygenation, sterilization method, soilless culture nutrient fluid needs to filter in advance.Filtering the filter 3 adopted is screen mesh type, stacked or sand filtration formula filter, for rotten root, deposit seed and organic impurities in filtering nutrient solution, avoid blocking the quick generating means of micro-nano bubble, the validity ensureing disinfection by ultraviolet light and the invalid loss reduced ozone, improve disinfection efficiency.
The oxygenation of nutrient solution, the concrete grammar of sterilization are:
(1) nutrient solution in water planting planting groove 12 after romaine lettuce absorbs, is back in the first liquid storage tank 1;
The nutrient solution of (2) first liquid storage tanks 1, provides power filter by suction 3 to filter through immersible pump 2, removes rotten root, deposit seed and organic impurities;
(3) nutrient solution after filtering enters the quick generating means main frame 4 of micro-nano bubble;
(4) during nutrient solution oxygenation, oxygenerator (or oxygen cylinder) 5 provides oxygen to supply the quick generating means main frame 4 of micro-nano bubble, mix with the nutrient solution entering main frame 4, then enter micro-nano bubble releasing device 7 and produce micro-nano bubble heavy-oxygen-enriched water, flow through again after ultraviolet ray disinfector 8 carries out disinfection and flow back to the second liquid storage tank 9, there is provided power to enter water planting planting groove 12 by immersible pump 11, carry out the oxygenation circulation of nutrient solution;
(5) during nutrient solution sterilization, oxygenerator 5 provides oxygen for ozone generator 6, produce the quick generating means main frame 4 of the micro-nano bubble of ozone supply, mix with the nutrient solution entering main frame 4, then enter micro-nano bubble releasing device 7 and produce micro-nano bubble Ozone Water, flow through again after ultraviolet ray disinfector 8 carries out combined disinfection and flow back to the second liquid storage tank 9, complete sterilization, in nutrient solution, residual ozone carries out stripping by air compressor machine 10, and last nutrient solution provides power to enter water planting planting groove 12 by immersible pump 11 and recycles.
(6) when changing crops, pasteurised completely is carried out to nutrient solution and solution culture facilities, nutrient solution flows into after the second liquid storage tank 9 through ozone and disinfection by ultraviolet light, do not start air compressor machine 10, nutrient solution containing micro-nano ozone bubbles carries out several circulation in series connection solution culture facilities, will effectively remove the pathogen at facility dead angle.Nutrient solution is placed and after residual ozone concentration drops to 0.1mg/L, (also can be opened the stripping that air compressor machine accelerates residual ozone) in 1 day, can re-start field planting, recycle nutrient solution.
In above-mentioned oxygenation method, provide oxygen by oxygenerator or oxygen cylinder, to improve dissolved oxygen speed and purity.Described oxygenation method adopts cyclic aeration oxygenation, oxygen dissolving value content in nutrient solution can be made to maintain 6-10mg/L, for meeting the demand of water planting crops root system to oxygen, avoiding water planting crops bad root phenomenon to occur, contributing to crop root and grow thus increase crop yield.The time of the cyclic aeration oxygenation of nutrient solution is determined according to nutrient solution total amount, oxygenation process flow, such as every 10m
3nutrient solution, need cyclic aeration 2 hours.
In described sterilization method, gas production and the quick generating means of micro-nano bubble of ozone generator match, and utilize oxygenerator or oxygen cylinder to provide oxygen, to improve productive rate and the speed of ozone.
Described sterilization method, during aeration sterilization, in nutrient solution, ozone concentration reaches 5-8mg/L, can play the effect killed instantaneously to the pathogenic microorganism in nutrient solution.Disinfecting time is according to nutrient solution total amount and disinfect flow and calculate, such as every 10m
3nutrient solution, need sterilization 2 hours.
It should be pointed out that the above embodiment can make the present invention of those skilled in the art's comprehend, but do not limit the present invention in any way.On basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the oxygenation of a soilless culture nutrient fluid, sterilization method, the oxygenation that the method uses, chlorination equipment comprise the first liquid storage tank (1), immersible pump (2,11), filter (3), oxygenerator (5), ozone generator (6), the quick generating means of micro-nano bubble, ultraviolet ray disinfector (8), the second liquid storage tank (9), air compressor machine (10), planting groove (12), the quick generating means of described micro-nano bubble comprises micro-nano bubble quick generating means main frame (4) and micro-nano bubble releasing device (7), described first liquid storage tank (1) connects filter (3) by the first pipeline (14), first pipeline (14) is provided with immersible pump (2), filter (3) connects the quick generating means main frame (4) of micro-nano bubble by the second pipeline (15), micro-nano bubble quick generating means main frame (4) connects micro-nano bubble releasing device (7) by the 3rd pipeline (17), micro-nano bubble releasing device (7) connects ultraviolet ray disinfector (8) by the 4th pipeline (18), ultraviolet ray disinfector (8) connects the second liquid storage tank (9) by the 5th pipeline (19), second liquid storage tank (9) connects one end of planting groove (12) by the 6th pipeline (20), the other end of planting groove (12) connects the first liquid storage tank (1) by the 7th pipeline (13), 6th pipeline (20) is provided with immersible pump (11), second liquid storage tank (9) is also connected with air compressor machine (10) by air pipe line (23), oxygenerator (5) is connected by the quick generating means main frame (4) of the first oxygen pipeline (16) and micro-nano bubble, and is connected with ozone generator (6) by the second oxygen pipeline (21), ozone generator (6) is connected by ozone pipeline (22) with the quick generating means main frame (4) of micro-nano bubble, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A) nutrient solution in planting groove (12) after Crop utilizes, is back in the first liquid storage tank (1);
B) nutrient solution in the first liquid storage tank (1), provides power filter by suction (3) to filter through immersible pump (2), removes rotten root, deposit seed and organic impurities;
C) nutrient solution after filtering enters the quick generating means main frame (4) of micro-nano bubble;
D) during nutrient solution oxygenation, oxygenerator (5) adopts cyclic aeration oxygenation way to provide oxygen to supply the quick generating means main frame (4) of micro-nano bubble, mix with the nutrient solution entering main frame, then enter micro-nano bubble releasing device (7) and produce micro-nano bubble heavy-oxygen-enriched water, flow through again after ultraviolet ray disinfector (8) carries out disinfection and flow back to the second liquid storage tank (9), there is provided power to enter planting groove (12) by immersible pump (11), carry out the oxygenation circulation of nutrient solution;
E) during nutrient solution sterilization, oxygenerator (5) provides oxygen for ozone generator (6), produce the quick generating means main frame (4) of the micro-nano bubble of ozone supply, mix with the nutrient solution entering main frame, then enter micro-nano bubble releasing device (7) and produce micro-nano bubble Ozone Water, flow through again after ultraviolet ray disinfector (8) carries out combined disinfection and flow back to the second liquid storage tank (9), complete sterilization, in nutrient solution, residual ozone carries out stripping by air compressor machine (10), last nutrient solution provides power to enter water planting planting groove (12) by immersible pump (11) and recycles,
When f) changing crops, pasteurised completely is carried out to nutrient solution and planting groove (12), nutrient solution flows into after the second liquid storage tank (9) through ozone and disinfection by ultraviolet light, do not start air compressor machine (10), nutrient solution containing micro-nano ozone bubbles carries out several circulation in planting groove (12), then nutrient solution is placed, make residual ozone concentration drop to below 0.1mg/L, re-start field planting, recycle nutrient solution.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, steps d) in, adopt cyclic aeration oxygenation, the time of the cyclic aeration oxygenation of nutrient solution is every 10m
3nutrient solution, need cyclic aeration 2 hours, make oxygen dissolving value content in nutrient solution maintain 6-10mg/L.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step e) in, disinfecting time is every 10m
3nutrient solution, need sterilization 2 hours, make ozone concentration in nutrient solution reach 5-8mg/L.
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Inventor after: Zhang Tianzhu Inventor after: Bao Peng Inventor after: Lin Shaohang Inventor after: Xue Xiaoli Inventor after: Liu Lei Inventor after: Yang Wenhua Inventor after: Fan Deqiang Inventor after: Li Zhijuan Inventor after: Yan Mingtong Inventor after: Fang Xiaoyong Inventor before: Lin Shaohang Inventor before: Bao Peng Inventor before: Xue Xiaoli Inventor before: Liu Lei Inventor before: Zhang Tianzhu Inventor before: Yang Wenhua Inventor before: Fan Deqiang Inventor before: Li Zhijuan Inventor before: Yan Mingtong Inventor before: Fang Xiaoyong |
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