CN103526979B - Thickness glass steel stack in one - Google Patents
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- CN103526979B CN103526979B CN201310520432.0A CN201310520432A CN103526979B CN 103526979 B CN103526979 B CN 103526979B CN 201310520432 A CN201310520432 A CN 201310520432A CN 103526979 B CN103526979 B CN 103526979B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to thickness glass steel stack in one, chimney wall comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and optional external protection, intermediate structure layer comprises several structure subgrades, inside from fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is extremely outside, described structure subgrade comprises: structure individual layer A-structure individual layer B-structure individual layer C-structure individual layer D, wherein, structure individual layer A is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth; Structure individual layer B is nothing or circumferential winding layer; Structure individual layer C is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth; Structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer; And when structure individual layer A is that while spraying layer, structure individual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth; Or structure individual layer A is while being unidirectional layer of cloth, structure individual layer C is for spraying layer, and the scope of the thickness t of intermediate structure layer is 18≤t < 24mm. Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, has good axial mechanical property and hoop mechanical property, and constructability and quality control, and long service life, be applicable to large-size thermal power plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chimney, be specifically related to thickness glass steel stack in one.
Background technology
Fibre reinforced plastics, are using fiber and its products as reinforcing material, make matrix material with synthetic resin,The high-performance composite materials that form through specific moulding process. Fiberglass (GlassFiberReinforcedPlastics also claims fiberglass reinforced plastics, and internationally recognized dummy suffix notation is GFRP or FRP) be fiberOne in reinforced plastics, by synthetic resin and glass fibre through combination process, a kind of function being madeType composite, has good designability, machinability and recoverability.
Domestic FRP was used for storage tank and pipeline in the past, and its design of material lays particular emphasis on and meets product function, to powerLearn performance requirement not high, what need emphasis is the hoop performance of FRP product, and axial property is not wanted especiallyAsk. In recent years, because FRP product can solve the etching problem of chimney, engineer starts to consider FRPMaking chimney uses.
Large thermal power plant chimney is vertically arranged, highly often exceed 200m, is suspended in concrete urceolusTop or each support zone, huge gravity laod transmits vertically, and this loading characteristic requires FRP chimneyMechanical property taking axially as main ring is to as auxiliary. Therefore, if FRP will be used for to the chimney of large thermal power plant,Except need FRP chimney meet Functional Requirement (as corrosion-resistant, lead static, fire-retardant, uvioresistant, anti-oldChange, accumulatingdust) outside, also need to meet mechanical property (axially and stretching, bending, shearing, the pressure of hoopContracting performance etc.) requirement. But China does not still have the case history of large-size thermal power plant FRP chimney so far.
Therefore, still needing and develop a kind of FRP chimney in this area, can be applicable to large-size thermal power plant, not only canMeet functional requirement, also can meet the demand of mechanical property.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one can meet Functional Requirement and can meet again mechanical property demandMiddle thickness F RP chimney, can apply at large thermal power plant.
A first aspect of the present invention, provides a kind of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney, and described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel comprises liner meritErgosphere, intermediate structure layer and optional external protection, described intermediate structure layer comprises at least one structure subgrade, fromThe inside of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is to outside, and described structure subgrade comprises:
Structure individual layer A-structure individual layer B-structure individual layer C-structure individual layer D,
Wherein, structure individual layer A is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth;
Structure individual layer B is nothing or circumferential winding layer;
Structure individual layer C is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth;
Structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer;
And when structure individual layer A is that while spraying layer, structure individual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth; Or structure individual layer A isWhen unidirectional layer of cloth, structure individual layer C is for spraying layer; With
The thickness of described intermediate structure layer is t, and 18≤t < 24mm.
Herein, " optional " refers to can have (can exist) maybe can not have (can not).As described in fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel comprise liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and optional external protection refer to as described in glassGlass steel stack barrel can have external protection, maybe can there is no external protection.
Herein, thickness refers to the mean value of choosing at random the thickness that 25 measurement points record, for example, and middle junctionThe thickness t of structure layer is on intermediate structure layer, to choose at random 25 measurement points, calculates the flat of 25 thickness that recordAverage, obtains the thickness t of intermediate structure layer.
In another preference, in described circumferential winding layer, the winding angle that is wound around yarn is 40-90 degree, betterGround, winding angle is 75-90 degree, more preferably, winding angle is 80-90 degree.
In another preference, described structure individual layer A is for spraying layer, and described structure individual layer B is that hoop is wound aroundLayer, described structure individual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth, described structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In another preference, described structure individual layer A is for spraying layer, and described structure individual layer B is nothing, described inStructure individual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth, and described structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In another preference, described structure individual layer A is unidirectional layer of cloth, and described structure individual layer B is that hoop is wound aroundLayer, described structure individual layer C is for spraying layer, and described structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In another preference, described structure individual layer A is unidirectional layer of cloth, and described structure individual layer B is nothing, described inStructure individual layer C is for spraying layer, and described structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In another preference, the quantity of described structure subgrade is 3-16.
In another preference, between each described structure subgrade, additional structure individual layer can be set, described additionalStructure individual layer is unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, injection layer, surperficial carpet veneer or its combination.
In another preference, described intermediate structure layer also comprises the outermost structural list joining with described external protectionLayer, described outermost structural individual layer is for spraying layer or circumferential winding layer.
In another preference, between described outermost structural individual layer and described structure subgrade, additional structure can be setIndividual layer, described additional structure individual layer is unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, injection layer, surperficial carpet veneer or its groupClose.
In another preference, the thickness of described structure subgrade is 1.5-5mm; And/or
The thickness of each structure individual layer is 0.2-4mm.
In another preference,, the fiber areal densities of described injection layer is 100g/m2-800g/m2, resinContent is 50wt%-80wt%, in the gross weight of described injection layer; And/or
The fiber areal densities of described unidirectional layer of cloth is 200g/m2-600g/m2, resin content is 30wt%-60wt%,In the gross weight of described unidirectional layer of cloth; And/or
The fiber areal densities of described circumferential winding layer is 300g/m2-3000g/m2, resin content is25wt%-50wt%, in the gross weight of described circumferential winding layer.
A second aspect of the present invention, provides the preparation method of the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney described in first aspect, comprises followingStep:
(a) make liner functional layer;
(b) lay (making) described intermediate structure layer outward in described liner functional layer, and optional
(c) lay (making) described external protection outward at described intermediate structure layer and obtain described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney;
Or comprise the following steps:
(a) provide liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection;
(b) by described liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection is assembled into described glassSteel stack;
Preferably, adopt following steps to prepare described structure subgrade:
(i) provide a basal plane;
(ii) lay (making) described structure individual layer A in the periphery of described basal plane;
(iii) lay (making) described structure individual layer B in the periphery of described structure individual layer A;
(iv) lay (making) described structure individual layer C in the periphery of described structure individual layer B;
(v) lay (making) described structure individual layer D in the periphery of described structure individual layer C;
When described structure individual layer B be without time, omit step (c), described in the periphery of described structure individual layer A laysStructure individual layer C.
In another preference, described basal plane is die surface, and described mould is cylindric mould, cylinder patternTool or important actor mould.
A third aspect of the present invention, provides a kind of chimney, comprises chimney urceolus and chimney internal cylinder, in described chimneyCylinder is 1-4 the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as described in first aspect.
In another preference, described chimney is telescopic or multi-flue chimney.
In another preference, described chimney urceolus is armored concrete urceolus, steel urceolus, brick urceolus or towerPosture urceolus.
In another preference, described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is suspended in the top of described chimney urceolus.
In another preference, described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is suspended in each support zone of described chimney urceolus.
Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, not only has good hoop mechanical property, and has good axial forceLearn performance, take into account and to meet large coal-fired power plant chimney anticorrosion erosion, fire-retardant, antistatic, accumulatingdust etc. many simultaneouslyFunctional requirement, has the advantage such as constructability and quality control, long service life.
In should be understood that within the scope of the present invention, above-mentioned each technical characterictic of the present invention and below (as implementExample) in can combine mutually between specifically described each technical characterictic, thereby form new or preferred skillArt scheme. As space is limited, tire out and state no longer one by one at this.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney one preferred liner functional layer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney one preferred structure subgrade of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention that contains a preferred external protection.
Detailed description of the invention
Present inventor, through extensively and in depth research, develops a kind of novel middle thickness glass firstGlass steel stack, comprises that at least one has the structure subgrade of following structure composition: structure individual layer A-structure individual layerB-structure individual layer C-structure individual layer D, wherein structure individual layer A is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth; Structure individual layer BFor nothing or circumferential winding layer; Structure individual layer C is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth; Structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer;And when structure individual layer A is that while spraying layer, structure individual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth; Or structure individual layer A is unidirectional clothWhen layer, structure individual layer C is for spraying layer, and the scope of the thickness t of described intermediate structure layer is 18≤t < 24mm.Middle thickness glass steel stack of the present invention, not only has good hoop mechanical property, and has good axleMechanical property, takes into account simultaneously and meets large coal-fired power plant chimney anticorrosion erosion, fire-retardant, antistatic, accumulatingdust etc.Various functions requirement, has the advantage such as constructability and quality control, long service life. On this basis, completeThe present invention.
Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney
As shown in Figure 1, fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, comprises liner functional layer 1, intermediate structure layer 2 and appointsThe external protection 3 of choosing.
The effect of liner functional layer 1 be anticorrosion and fire-retardant, lead static, accumulatingdust.
The Main Function of intermediate structure layer 2 is to provide mechanical property.
External protection 3 is to 2 certain protective role of middle structure sheaf. Representational protective effect comprise (butBe not limited to): uvioresistant, antifouling (cleaning), anticorrosion, anti-oxidant. In addition external protection 3,Also can play certain decoration function.
Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention is highly 10-400m. Preferably, the height of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimneyAt 200-350m. In another preference, described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney height be 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m,250m, 300m or 350m.
Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, diameter is 2-15m. Preferably, the diameter of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney exists6-12m. In another preference, the diameter of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney be 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m,5.5m, 6.5m, 7.5m, 8.5m, 9m, 9.5m, 10m or 12m.
In the present invention, liner functional layer 1, intermediate structure layer 2 and optional external protection 3 are all mainly by variousDifferent structure individual layers forms.
The preparation method of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(a) make liner functional layer;
(b) lay (making) described intermediate structure layer outward in described liner functional layer, and optional
(c) lay (making) described external protection outward at described intermediate structure layer and obtain described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney;
Or comprise the following steps:
(a) provide liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection;
(b) by described liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection is assembled into described glassSteel stack.
Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, has following one or more feature:
(1) hoop tensile strength is greater than 235MPa, and modulus is greater than 19.0GPa, and axial tensile strength is greater than110MPa, modulus is greater than 12.5GPa;
(2) hoop bending strength is greater than 250MPa, and modulus is greater than 18.0GPa, and axial bending intensity is greater than140MPa, modulus is greater than 11.0GPa;
(3) hoop compressive strength is greater than 260MPa, and modulus is greater than 12.0GPa, and axial compression strength is greater than200MPa, modulus is greater than 9.0GPa.
Structure individual layer
In the present invention, structure individual layer comprise spray layer, unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, surperficial carpet veneer andGrid layer of cloth, carbon fiber carpet veneer and gel coating resin.
In the present invention, injection layer, unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, surperficial carpet veneer and grid layer of cloth are allMade by fiberglass reinforced plastics (also referred to as fiberglass). Fiberglass is by synthetic resin and glass fibreThrough combination process, a kind of functional material being made. In the present invention, glass fibre can adoptCommercially available prod, the ECR fibre for example being provided by Chongqing Polycomp International Co., Ltd or OWENS CORNING companyDimension and goods. Wherein, described injection yarn can adopt commercially available prod, as: ECR10k-2400 orP209(2400TEX). Described unidirectional cloth can adopt commercially available prod, as: DW(ECR) 430-600/630OrUD（430g/m2). Described winding yarn can adopt commercially available prod, as: ECR469L-2400OrSE1200(2400TEX). Described surperficial felt can adopt commercially available prod, as:ST (ECR) 30M-250 or M524-ECR30A(30g/m2). The surface density of described grid cloth is40-65g/m2, be preferably 55-60g/m2, be more preferred from 60g/m2。
Carbon fiber carpet veneer is to be made up of carbon fibre reinforced plastic. Carbon fibre reinforced plastic is with carbon fiber and system thereofProduct, as reinforcing material, are made matrix material with synthetic resin, the another kind forming through specific moulding processHigh-performance composite materials. Wherein, the surface density of carbon fiber felt can be 15-25g/m2, be preferably 17-20g/m2。
The resin using in the above each fibre reinforced plastics of the present invention comprises chemical flame-retardant resin, high temperature resistant typeResin, corrosion resistant type resin. Specifically comprise epoxy vinyl esters resin, unsaturated polyester resin, epoxyResin. Preferred resin comprises: chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl esters resin, phenolic epoxy vinylEsters resin. Conventionally, structural resin can be resistance at least 80 DEG C, preferably at least can be resistance to 120 DEG C, more preferably extremelyLess can be resistance to 150 DEG C. The resin that the present invention preferably uses is chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl ester resinDERAKANEMOM510C-350HOI or DSM N. V. produce chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl esterResin A tlac750.
Gel coating resin is mainly formed from a resin. In another preference, in gel coating resin, resin content is 100wt%,In the gross weight of gel coating resin. In another preference, the film forming matter of described gel coating resin is selected from: epoxy vinylEster resin, unsaturated polyester resin. In another preference, the film forming matter of described gel coating resin is that metaphenylene is unsaturatedMylar.
In another preference, the varied in thickness < on described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney hoop is on average thick for each structure individual layer50%, preferably 20% of varied in thickness < average thickness of degree.
Preferably adopt following methods to prepare each structure individual layer:
Basal plane processing: in the time that basal plane is mould, cleaning die surface, application releasing agent, lays plastic sheeting;In the time that basal plane is other structure individual layers, mechanical grinding surface, the floating ash of cleaning, application releasing agent, lay plastic sheeting;
Unidirectional layer of cloth: unidirectional cloth is carried out to cutting, will be soaked with resin (being mixed with curing agent) by wrapping machineUnidirectional cloth is wound on basal plane, and winding tension is 10-500MPa, after solidifying, obtains unidirectional layer of cloth. Preferably, adoptUse intermittent operation technique.
Circumferential winding layer: will be soaked with resin (being mixed with curing agent) by wrapping machine control tension force 10-500MPaWinding yarn be wound on basal plane, solidify after form circumferential winding layer. In another preference, described hoop twinesIn the time that layer is constructed, adopt the method for continuous winding, the winding angle that is wound around yarn is 40-90 degree, preferably, is wound aroundAngle is 75-90 degree, and more preferably, winding angle is 80-90 degree.
Spray layer: use spraying machine, glass fibre and resin, curing agent are converged at nozzle place, together sprayBe mapped on basal plane, solidify and obtain spraying layer.
Surface carpet veneer: the surperficial felt that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing agent) is twined by wrapping machine (or manual)Around to basal plane, winding tension is 10-500MPa, after solidifying, forms surperficial carpet veneer. Preferably, adopt continuouslyWinding process.
Grid layer of cloth: the grid cloth that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing agent) is twined by wrapping machine (or manual)Around to basal plane, winding tension is 10-500MPa, after solidifying, forms grid layer of cloth. Preferably, adopt continuouslyWinding process.
Carbon fiber carpet veneer: the carbon fiber that will be soaked with resin (being mixed with curing agent) by wrapping machine (or manual)Felt is wound on basal plane, and winding tension is 10-500MPa, after solidifying, forms carbon fiber carpet veneer. Preferably, adoptUse continuous winding technique.
Gel coating resin: resin gel coat (being mixed with curing agent) is coated on basal plane, forms gel coating resin after solidifying.Preferably, adopt continuous mechanical spraying coating process.
Liner functional layer
As shown in Figure 2, extremely outside from the inside of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney, the structure of described liner functional layer 1 is:
Surface carpet veneer 12-sprays layer 13,
Outside described injection layer 13, also can comprise optional grid layer of cloth (not shown).
In another preference, described liner functional layer 1 also comprises the carbon fiber carpet veneer 11 of innermost layer, structureFor:
Carbon fiber carpet veneer 11-surface carpet veneer 12-sprays layer 13.
In another preference, between described carbon fiber carpet veneer and described surperficial carpet veneer, also there is grid layer of cloth.
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, the fiber areal densities of described carbon fiber carpet veneer is10-30g/m2, resin content is 80wt%-99wt%, in the gross weight of described carbon fiber carpet veneer. Preferably,The fiber areal densities of described carbon fiber carpet veneer is 12-25g/m2. Preferably, the resin of described carbon fiber carpet veneer containsAmount is for 85wt%-98wt%, in the gross weight of described carbon fiber carpet veneer. In another preference, described carbonThe thickness of fibre felt layer is 0.1-1mm, and preferably, thickness is 0.15-0.8mm.
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, the fiber areal densities of described surperficial carpet veneer is 15-50g/m2, resin content is 80wt%-98wt%, in the gross weight of described surperficial carpet veneer. Preferably, described inThe fiber areal densities of surface carpet veneer is 20-40g/m2. Preferably, the resin content of described surperficial carpet veneer is85wt%-95wt%, in the gross weight of described surperficial carpet veneer. In another preference, described surperficial carpet veneerThickness is 0.1-1mm, and preferably, thickness is 0.15-0.5mm.
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, the fiber areal densities of described injection layer is100-800g/m2, resin content is 65wt%-90wt%, in the gross weight of described injection layer. Preferably,The fiber areal densities of described injection layer is 200-500g/m2, preferably, the resin content of described injection layerFor 70wt%-85wt%, in the gross weight of described injection layer. In another preference, described injection layerThickness be 0.1-3mm, preferably, thickness is 0.5-1.5mm.
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, the fiber areal densities of described grid layer of cloth is30-100g/m2, resin content is 50wt%-95wt%, in the gross weight of described grid layer of cloth. Preferably,The fiber areal densities of described grid layer of cloth is 40-70g/m2. Preferably, the resin content of described grid layer of clothFor 60wt%-90wt%, in the gross weight of described grid layer of cloth. In another preference, described grid layer of clothThickness be 0.1-1.5mm, preferably, thickness is 0.15-0.9mm.
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, each structure individual layer is at described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney hoopOn varied in thickness < average thickness 50%, preferably 20% of varied in thickness < average thickness.
In the time preparing liner functional layer, can be first by carbon fiber felt, surperficial felt, spray yarn by being wound around or sprayingMode is laid on basal plane successively, then makes resin by the mode of catching up with pressure to go out bubble, coating or the supplementary resin of injectionEvenly combine with fiber or fibre, solidify and obtain each structure individual layer.
Or, first on basal plane, lay carbon fiber felt layer, then on carbon fiber carpet veneer, spray layer construction,And optionally spray lay on layer grid cloth layer and/or described carbon fiber carpet veneer and described surperficial carpet veneer itBetween lay grid layer of cloth. The Specific construction mode of each structure individual layer as previously mentioned.
Intermediate structure layer
Intermediate structure layer 2 comprises at least one structure subgrade 20, as shown in Figure 3, and from the inside of described chimney extremelyOutside, described structure subgrade 20 comprises:
Structure individual layer A21-structure individual layer B22-structure individual layer C23-structure individual layer D24,
Wherein, structure individual layer A21 is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth;
Structure individual layer B22 is nothing or circumferential winding layer;
Structure individual layer C23 is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth;
Structure individual layer D24 is circumferential winding layer;
And when structure individual layer A21 is that while spraying layer, structure individual layer C23 is unidirectional layer of cloth; Or structure listWhen layer A21 is unidirectional layer of cloth, structure individual layer C23 is for spraying layer; With
The thickness of described intermediate structure layer is t, and 18≤t < 24mm.
In another preference, the varied in thickness < of the different parts of described intermediate structure layer on hoop is on average thick25% of degree, preferably, 10% of varied in thickness < average thickness, more preferably, varied in thickness < average thickness5%。
In described intermediate structure layer, the quantity of described structure subgrade is 3-16, is preferably 4-15.The thickness of described structure subgrade is 1.5-5mm, is preferably 2-4mm. In another preference, for sameStructure subgrade, 30% of the varied in thickness < average thickness of its different parts on hoop, preferably, thickness becomesChange 15% of < average thickness.
In the present invention, preferred structure subgrade comprises that structure subgrade 1(is designated as S1 in following examples), structureSubgrade 2(is designated as S2), structure subgrade 3(is designated as S3), structure subgrade 4(is designated as S4).
In structure subgrade 1, structure individual layer A is for spraying layer, and structure individual layer B is circumferential winding layer, structureIndividual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth, and structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In structure subgrade 2, structure individual layer A is for spraying layer, and structure individual layer B is nothing, and structure individual layer C is singleTo layer of cloth, structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In structure subgrade 3, structure individual layer A is unidirectional layer of cloth, and structure individual layer B is nothing, and structure individual layer C is sprayPenetrate layer, structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
In structure subgrade 4, structure individual layer A is unidirectional layer of cloth, and structure individual layer B is circumferential winding layer, structure listLayer C is for spraying layer, and structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer.
Between each described structure subgrade, additional structure individual layer can be set, described additional structure individual layer is unidirectional clothLayer (in following examples, being designated as F1), circumferential winding layer (being designated as F2), spray layer (being designated as F3),Surface carpet veneer (being designated as F4) or its combination.
Intermediate structure layer also comprises the outermost structural individual layer joining with described external protection, described outermost structural individual layerFor spraying layer (being designated as Y1 in following examples) or circumferential winding layer (being designated as Y2), and described outermost knotBetween structure individual layer and described structure subgrade, additional structure individual layer can be set, described additional structure individual layer is unidirectional layer of cloth(in following examples, being designated as F1), circumferential winding layer (being designated as F2), injection layer (being designated as F3), tableFace carpet veneer (being designated as F4) or its combination.
In intermediate structure layer, the fiber areal densities of described injection layer is 100-800g/m2, resin content is50wt%-80wt%,, in the gross weight of described injection layer. Preferably, fiber areal densities is 200-600g/m2，Resin content is 55wt%-75wt%, in the gross weight of described injection layer.
In intermediate structure layer, the fiber areal densities of described unidirectional layer of cloth is 200-600g/m2, resin content is30wt%-60wt%, in the gross weight of described unidirectional layer of cloth. Preferably, fiber areal densities is 250-500g/m2，Resin content is 35wt%-55wt%, in the gross weight of described unidirectional layer of cloth.
In intermediate structure layer, the fiber areal densities of described circumferential winding layer is 300-3000g/m2, resin containsAmount is for 25wt%-50wt%, in the gross weight of described circumferential winding layer. Preferably fiber areal densities is400-2000g/m2, resin content is 30wt%-45wt%, in the gross weight of described circumferential winding layer.
In intermediate structure layer, the thickness of each structure individual layer is 0.2-4mm, is preferably 0.4-3mm. SeparatelyIn one preference, the thickness of described injection layer is 0.2-2mm, is preferably 0.5-1.5mm. Excellent at anotherSelect in example, the thickness of described unidirectional layer of cloth is 0.2-1mm, is preferably 0.2-0.8mm. Excellent at anotherSelect in example, the thickness of described circumferential winding layer is 0.2-1mm, is preferably 0.3-0.8mm.
In another preference, the varied in thickness < on described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney hoop is on average thick for each structure individual layer50%, preferably 20% of varied in thickness < average thickness of degree.
In the time of preparation structure subgrade, can be first by glass fibre or fiberglass products by the mode of spraying or being wound aroundBe laid on basal plane, then make resin and glass fibers by the mode of catching up with pressure to go out bubble, coating or the supplementary resin of injectionDimension or fiberglass products evenly combine, and solidify and obtain each structure individual layer.
In addition, can adopt following methods to prepare structure subgrade. It is described in detail below in detail preferred as an example of structure subgrade 1 examplePreparation method, comprises the following steps:
Injection layer construction: use spraying machine, glass fibre and resin, curing agent are converged to one at nozzle placeRise and be ejected on basal plane, solidify and obtain spraying layer;
Circumferential winding layer construction: by wrapping machine control tension force 10-500MPa, will be soaked with resin and (be mixed with curingAgent) winding yarn be wound into and spray on layer, after solidifying, form circumferential winding layer;
Lay unidirectional layer of cloth: by wrapping machine, the unidirectional cloth that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing agent) is wound into ringOn winding layer, winding tension is 10-500MPa, after solidifying, obtains unidirectional layer of cloth; Preferably, adopt batch (-type)Operating procedure.
Circumferential winding layer construction: by wrapping machine control tension force 10-500MPa, will be soaked with resin and (be mixed with curingAgent) winding yarn be wound on unidirectional layer of cloth, solidify after form circumferential winding layer.
Preferably adopt similar method to prepare structure subgrade 2, structure subgrade 3 and structure subgrade 4, no longer superfluous hereinState.
External protection
As shown in Figure 4, described external protection 3 comprises gel coating resin 31, and optional surperficial carpet veneer 32 and optionalGrid layer of cloth 33.
In another preference, described external protection comprises gel coating resin and surperficial carpet veneer, and described surperficial carpet veneer is in instituteState between gel coating resin and described intermediate structure layer. Optional, described external protection also comprises grid layer of cloth, described netScrim layer is between described surperficial carpet veneer and described gel coating resin.
In external protection, gel coating resin is mainly formed from a resin. In another preference, described gel coating resin byBenzene type unsaturated polyester resin is made. In another preference, the thickness of described gel coating resin is 0.1-1.5mm,Good ground, thickness is 0.15-0.6mm.
In external protection, the fiber areal densities of described surperficial carpet veneer is 20-800g/m2, resin content is80wt%-98wt%, in the gross weight of described surperficial carpet veneer. In another preference, described surperficial carpet veneerFiber areal densities be 20-50g/m2. In another preference, the fiber areal densities of described surperficial carpet veneer is200-500g/m2. In another preference, the resin content of described surperficial carpet veneer is 85wt%-95wt%, with instituteState the gross weight meter of surperficial carpet veneer. In another preference, the fiber areal densities of described surperficial carpet veneer is20-500g/m2. In another preference, the thickness of described surperficial carpet veneer is 0.1-1.5mm, preferably, and thicknessFor 0.15-0.6mm.
In external protection, the fiber areal densities of optional described grid layer of cloth is 30-100g/m2, resin contentFor 50wt%-95wt%, in the gross weight of described grid layer of cloth. Preferably, the fibrous face of described grid layer of clothDensity is 50-80g/m2. Preferably, the resin content of described grid layer of cloth is 60wt%-85wt%, with describedThe gross weight meter of grid layer of cloth.
In the time preparing external protection, can first surperficial felt, optional grid cloth be laid by the mode being wound around successivelyOn basal plane, then make resin and above-mentioned fiber system by the mode of catching up with pressure to go out bubble, coating or the supplementary resin of injectionProduct evenly combine, and solidify and obtain described surperficial carpet veneer, optional grid layer of cloth, the resin gel coat shape of outermostBecome described gel coating resin.
Or, first on basal plane, lay surperficial carpet veneer, optionally on surperficial carpet veneer, carry out the construction of grid cloth layer,Rear coated with resins gel coat forms gel coating resin. The Specific construction mode of each structure individual layer as previously mentioned.
The above-mentioned feature that the present invention mentions, or the feature that embodiment mentions can be combined. This case descriptionThe all features that disclose can with any composition forms use, each feature disclosing in description, canTo be provided alternative characteristics identical, impartial or similar object to replace by any. Therefore apart from special instruction,The feature disclosing is only the general example of equalization or similar features.
Usefulness of the present invention is:
(1) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention have excellent decay resistance, good axial mechanical property andHoop mechanical property;
(2) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney integral seamless of the present invention, impermeabilisation ability is strong;
(3) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney recoverability of the present invention is strong, and part can process as required;
(4) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention cannot be degraded, be difficult for aging, long service life;
(5) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney constructability of the present invention and quality control;
(6) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention can meet the various functions requirements such as fire-retardant, antistatic, accumulatingdust;
(7) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention is applicable to large-size thermal power plant.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention. Should be understood that these embodiment are only for sayingBright the present invention and being not used in limits the scope of the invention. The experiment side of unreceipted actual conditions in the following exampleMethod, the condition of conventionally advising according to normal condition or according to manufacturer. Unless otherwise indicated, otherwise hundredProportion by subtraction and umber are calculated by weight.
Unless otherwise defined, all specialties that use in literary composition and scientific words and one skilled in the art institute are ripeThe meaning of knowing is identical. In addition, any method similar or impartial to described content and material all can be applicable toIn the inventive method. The use that better implementation method described in literary composition and material only present a demonstration.
Universal method
In following examples, adopt following methods to prepare each structure individual layer:
Basal plane processing: in the time that basal plane is mould, cleaning die surface, application releasing agent, lays plastic sheeting;In the time that basal plane is structure individual layer, mechanical grinding surface, the floating ash of cleaning, application releasing agent, lay plastic sheeting;
Unidirectional layer of cloth: the unidirectional cloth that will be soaked with resin (being mixed with curing agent methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) by wrapping machineBe wound on basal plane, winding tension is 100-200MPa, after solidifying, obtains unidirectional layer of cloth.
Circumferential winding layer: will be soaked with resin by wrapping machine control tension force 100-200MPa and (be mixed with peroxidating firstEthyl ketone, cobalt iso-octoate) winding yarn be wound on basal plane, solidify after form circumferential winding layer. Be wound around twining of yarnBe 80-90 degree around angle.
Spray layer: use spraying machine, by glass fibre and resin (containing cobalt iso-octoate), curing agent peroxidatingMEK converges at nozzle place, is ejected into together on basal plane, removes bubble, solidifies and obtains spraying layer.
Surface carpet veneer: the surperficial felt that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing agent methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) is wound into basal planeUpper, winding tension is 100-200MPa, after solidifying, forms surperficial carpet veneer.
Grid layer of cloth: the grid cloth that is soaked with resin (being mixed with curing agent methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) is wound into basal planeUpper, winding tension is 100-200MPa, after solidifying, forms grid layer of cloth.
Carbon fiber carpet veneer: adopt continuous winding technique will be soaked with resin by wrapping machine and (be mixed with curing agent peroxideChange MEK) carbon fiber felt be wound on basal plane, winding tension is 100-200MPa, solidify after form carbonFibre felt layer.
The resin using in each structure individual layer is above chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl ester resinDERAKANEMOM510C-350HOI or DSM N. V. produce chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl esterResin A tlac750. Various glass fibres or fiberglass products by Chongqing Polycomp International Co., Ltd byOWENS CORNING company provides.
Gel coating resin: metaphenylene unsaturated polyester resin gel coat (being mixed with curing agent methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) is appliedOn basal plane, after solidifying, form gel coating resin.
In addition the method that, adopts following standard to specify is tested various performances. " fibre reinforced plastics performance testMethod general provisions " GB/T1446; " fibre reinforced plastics Erichsen test method " GB/T1447; " glassGlass fibre reinforced plastics compression performance test method " GB/T1448; " fiberglass reinforced plastics bendabilityEnergy test method " GB/T1449; " Test method for interlaminar shear strength of glass fiberreinforced plastics " GB/T1450.1; " Test method for the punchtype of strength of glass fiberreinforced plastics " GB/T1450.2; " glassFiber reinforced thermoset plastics chemical mediator-resitant property test method " GB/T3857; " conduction and antistatic fibreDimension reinforced plastics resistivity test method " GB/T15738-2008; " fiberglass reinforced plastics combustibilityTest method " GB/T8924-88; " fiberglass reinforced plastics ageing properties test method " GB/T2573;" loading code for design of building structures " GB50009-2001.
Embodiment 1
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is7 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer comprises surperficial carpet veneer and injection layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.2mm.
Intermediate structure layer is 1,2 additional structure individual layers of 6 structure subgrades and 1 outermost structural individual layer from inside to outsideForm, structure is S1-S1-S1-F1-F2-S1-S1-S1-Y2, and gross thickness is 18.5mm.
External protection is gel coating resin, and thickness is 0.25mm.
Embodiment 2
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is7.5 rice.
Wherein, liner functional layer is made up of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surperficial carpet veneer and injection layer from inside to outside, thicknessFor 1.5mm.
Intermediate structure layer from inside to outside structure is S1-S1-S1-F1-S1-S2-F1-F2-S1-S4, intermediate structure layerGross thickness is 19.5mm.
External protection is gel coating resin, and thickness is 0.25mm.
Embodiment 3
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is7.5 rice.
Wherein, liner functional layer is from inside to outside by carbon fiber carpet veneer, surperficial carpet veneer, injection layer and grid layer of clothForm, thickness is 1.9mm.
Intermediate structure layer from inside to outside structure is S3-S1-S2-S1-F1-F2-S3-S3-F1-F2-S1-S3-Y2, inBetween the gross thickness of structure sheaf be 20.5mm.
External protection is made up of surperficial carpet veneer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and gross thickness is 0.5mm.
Embodiment 4
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is8.5 rice.
Wherein, liner functional layer is made up of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surperficial carpet veneer and injection layer from inside to outside, thicknessFor 1.46mm.
Intermediate structure layer structure is S1-S1-S1-F1-F2-S1-S1-S1-S2-S4-Y1, and gross thickness is 18.8mm.
External protection is made up of surperficial carpet veneer, grid layer of cloth and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and thickness is 0.66mm.
Embodiment 5
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is7.2 rice.
Wherein, liner functional layer is from inside to outside by carbon fiber carpet veneer, grid layer of cloth, surperficial carpet veneer, injection layerForm with grid layer of cloth, thickness is 2.04mm.
Intermediate structure layer from inside to outside structure is S1-S1-S2-F1-F2-S1-S3-S2-F1-F2-S1-S4, middle junctionThe gross thickness of structure layer is 21.5mm.
External protection is made up of surperficial carpet veneer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and thickness is 0.55mm.
Embodiment 6
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and diameter is 8 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer is from inside to outside by carbon fiber carpet veneer, surperficial carpet veneer, injection layer and grid layer of clothForm, thickness is 1.86mm.
Intermediate structure layer from inside to outside structure is S1-S1-S1-F1-F2-S1-S3-S1-F1-F2-S1-S1-Y2, inBetween the gross thickness of structure sheaf be 20.5mm.
Embodiment 7
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is9 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer is from inside to outside by carbon fiber carpet veneer, grid layer of cloth, surperficial carpet veneer, injection layerForm with grid layer of cloth, thickness is 2.1mm.
Intermediate structure layer structure is S1-S1-S2-F1-F2-S1-S1-S1-F4-S3-S1-S2-S4-Y1, and gross thickness is23.8mm。
External protection is made up of surperficial carpet veneer, grid layer of cloth and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and thickness is 0.64mm.
Embodiment 8
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is10 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer is made up of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surperficial carpet veneer and injection layer from inside to outside, thicknessFor 1.56mm.
Intermediate structure layer from inside to outside structure is S1-S1-S2-F1-F2-S1-S1-S2-F1-S1-F2-S1-S1-F2-S2-S1-S4-S1-S1-Y1, the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 22.5mm.
External protection is made up of surperficial carpet veneer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and thickness is 0.5mm.
Embodiment 9
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, comprises liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is10 meters.
Wherein, liner functional layer is from inside to outside by carbon fiber carpet veneer, surperficial carpet veneer, injection layer and grid layer of clothForm, thickness is 1.86mm.
Intermediate structure layer from inside to outside structure is S1-S2-S1-F1-F2-S1-S3-S1-F1-S1-S1-F2-S1-S1-S4-S2, the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 23.5mm.
External protection is made up of surperficial carpet veneer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and gross thickness is 0.52mm.
Embodiment 10
After testing, the hoop tensile strength of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney prepared by embodiment 1-9 is greater than 235MPa, modulusBe greater than 19.0GPa, axial tensile strength is greater than 110MPa, and modulus is greater than 12.5GPa; Hoop bending strengthBe greater than 250MPa, modulus is greater than 18.0GPa, and axial bending intensity is greater than 140MPa, and modulus is greater than 11.0GPa;Hoop compressive strength is greater than 260MPa, and modulus is greater than 12.0GPa, and axial compression strength is greater than 200MPa, mouldAmount is greater than 9.0GPa.
Result shows, fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention not only on hoop, and all can meet in the axial directionTo the requirement of large-size thermal power plant chimney mechanical property, can be for the chimney of large-size thermal power plant.
Embodiment 11
Height prepared by embodiment 5 is that a fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney (7.2 meters of diameters) of 240m is as chimneyInner core, is suspended in the top of armored concrete urceolus, in certain large-size thermal power plant as chimney to its functionProperty and mechanical property are investigated.
After 1 year,, there is not cracking, seepage, come off, rise in flakes drum, old in fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney integral seamlessThe problems such as change, integrality is good. And do not find obviously corrosion, good corrosion resistance. Can bear axially upper hugeGravity laod, also meet hoop mechanical property requirements.
Comparative example 1-3
In development process, inventor also makes the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of having tested multiple different structure. These are rightFiber glass reinforced plastic chimney in ratio, its liner functional layer and external protection are identical with embodiment 1-5's, differencePoint is mainly structure sheaf, being constructed as follows shown in table 1 of representational structure sheaf.
Wherein S1a: with the S1 of embodiment 1, difference is to omit injection layer. S1b: with embodiment 1S1, difference is to omit unidirectional layer of cloth. S1c: with the S1 of embodiment 1, difference is to be wound around yarnWinding angle is 20 degree.
The intermediate structure layer comparison to structure and propertY result of the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of table 1 comparative example and embodiment
Table 2 standards of grading
Adopt the standard of table 2, the performance of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney prepared by embodiment 1-9 and comparative example 1-3 is enteredRow is evaluated, and result shows, compared with the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of preparing with comparative example 1-3, and middle thickness glass of the present inventionGlass steel stack has excellent manufacturability, is easy to construction, without macroscopic defect, and even structure densification,Particularly axial and hoop mechanics excellent performance, meets the requirement of large-size thermal power plant to chimney, Ke YishiFor large-size thermal power plant.
All documents of mentioning in the present invention are all quoted as a reference in this application, just as each section of documentQuoted separately as a reference. In addition should be understood that after having read above-mentioned instruction content of the present invention,Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within this Shen equallyPlease appended claims limited range.
Claims (13)
1. a fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney, is characterized in that, described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel comprise liner functional layer, inBetween structure sheaf and optional external protection, described intermediate structure layer comprises at least one structure subgrade, from described glassThe inside of steel stack is to outside, and described structure subgrade comprises:
Structure individual layer A-structure individual layer B-structure individual layer C-structure individual layer D,
Wherein, structure individual layer A is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth;
Structure individual layer B is nothing or circumferential winding layer;
Structure individual layer C is for spraying layer or unidirectional layer of cloth;
Structure individual layer D is circumferential winding layer;
And when structure individual layer A is that while spraying layer, structure individual layer C is unidirectional layer of cloth; Or structure individual layer A isWhen unidirectional layer of cloth, structure individual layer C is for spraying layer; With
The thickness of described intermediate structure layer is t, and 18≤t < 24mm;
The quantity of wherein said structure subgrade is 3-16.
2. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described circumferential winding layer, is wound aroundThe winding angle of yarn is 40-90 degree.
3. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described circumferential winding layer, is wound aroundAngle is 75-90 degree.
4. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described circumferential winding layer, is wound aroundAngle is 80-90 degree.
5. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the quantity of described structure subgrade is4-15.
6. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, between each described structure subgrade, establishesPut additional structure individual layer, described additional structure individual layer is unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, injection layer, surperficial feltLayer or its combination.
7. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described intermediate structure layer also comprise withThe outermost structural individual layer that described external protection joins, described outermost structural individual layer is for spraying layer or circumferential winding layer.
8. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described outermost structural individual layer with described inAdditional structure individual layer is set between structure subgrade, and described additional structure individual layer is unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, sprayPenetrate layer, surperficial carpet veneer or its combination.
9. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described structure subgrade is1.5-5mm; And/or
The thickness of each structure individual layer is 0.2-4mm.
10. the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as described in claim 1-7 any one, is characterized in that, described injection layerFiber areal densities be 100g/m2-800g/m2, resin content is 50wt%-80wt%, with described injection layerGross weight meter; And/or
The fiber areal densities of described unidirectional layer of cloth is 200g/m2-600g/m2, resin content is 30wt%-60wt%,In the gross weight of described unidirectional layer of cloth; And/or
The fiber areal densities of described circumferential winding layer is 300g/m2-3000g/m2, resin content is25wt%-50wt%, in the gross weight of described circumferential winding layer.
The preparation method of 11. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimneys as described in claim 1-10 any one, is characterized in that instituteThe method of stating comprises the following steps:
(a) make liner functional layer;
(b) outside described liner functional layer, lay described intermediate structure layer, and
(c) outside described intermediate structure layer, lay described external protection and obtain described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney;
Or comprise the following steps:
(a) provide liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection;
(b) by described liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection is assembled into described glassSteel stack;
When described structure individual layer B be without time, omit step (c), described in the periphery of described structure individual layer A laysStructure individual layer C.
The preparation method of 12. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimneys as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, adopts following stepThe described structure subgrade of rapid preparation:
(i) provide a basal plane;
(ii) lay described structure individual layer A in the periphery of described basal plane;
(iii) lay described structure individual layer B in the periphery of described structure individual layer A;
(iv) lay described structure individual layer C in the periphery of described structure individual layer B;
(v) lay described structure individual layer D in the periphery of described structure individual layer C.
13. 1 kinds of chimneys, comprise chimney urceolus and chimney internal cylinder, it is characterized in that, described chimney internal cylinder is 1-4Individual fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as described in claim 1-10 any one.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109630769A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-16 | 刘林 | A kind of glass reinforced plastic lift pipe and its preparation process |
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| CN203514930U (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-04-02 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院 | Medium-thickness glass fiber reinforced plastic chimney |
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| JPH09302996A (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 1997-11-25 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Smokestack and method for constructing the same |
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| CN103526979A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
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