CN103526976B - A kind of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of good mechanical performance - Google Patents
A kind of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of good mechanical performance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of a kind of good mechanical performance; chimney wall includes liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and optional external protection; described intermediate structure layer includes several structure subgrade; from the inside of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney to outside; the structure of described structure subgrade consists of: structure monolayer A-structure monolayer B-structure monolayer C-structure monolayer D; wherein, structure monolayer A is injection layer or unidirectional layer of cloth；Structure monolayer B is nothing or circumferential winding layer；Structure monolayer C is injection layer or unidirectional layer of cloth；Structure monolayer D is circumferential winding layer；And when structure monolayer A is for injection layer, structure monolayer C is unidirectional layer of cloth；Or structure monolayer A is when being unidirectional layer of cloth, structure monolayer C is injection layer。The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, has good axial mechanical property and hoop mechanical property, it is simple to construction and quality control, and long service life, it is adaptable to large-size thermal power plant。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chimney, be specifically related to the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of a kind of good mechanical performance。
Background technology
Fibre reinforced plastics, are using fiber and its products as reinforcing material, make matrix material with synthetic resin, the high-performance composite materials formed through specific moulding process。(GlassFiberReinforcedPlastics is also referred to as fiberglass reinforced plastics for fiberglass, internationally recognized dummy suffix notation is GFRP or FRP) it is the one in fibre reinforced plastics, by synthetic resin and glass fibre through combination process, a kind of functional material being made, has excellent designability, machinability and recoverability。
Conventional domestic FRP is used for storage tank and pipeline, and its design of material lays particular emphasis on and meets product function, and mechanical property requirements is not high, it is necessary to emphasis is the hoop performance of FRP product, and axial property is not specially required。In recent years, owing to FRP product can solve the etching problem of chimney, engineer starts to consider that FRP makes chimney to be used。
Large thermal power plant chimney is vertically arranged, and height, often beyond 200m, is suspended in the top of concrete urceolus or each support zone, and huge gravity laod transmits vertically, and this loading characteristic requires that the mechanical property of FRP chimney is with axially for main ring to for auxiliary。Therefore, to FRP be used for the chimney of large thermal power plant, meet except needs FRP chimney except Functional Requirement (such as corrosion-resistant, static conductive, fire-retardant, uvioresistant, anti-aging, accumulatingdust), in addition it is also necessary to meet the requirement of mechanical property (axially and the stretching of hoop, bending, shearing, compression performance etc.)。But China does not still have the case history of large-size thermal power plant FRP chimney so far。
Therefore, still need and develop a kind of FRP chimney in this area, it is possible to suitable in large-size thermal power plant, can not only meet functional requirement, also can meet the demand of mechanical property。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide and a kind of can meet Functional Requirement and can meet again the FRP chimney of mechanical property demand, it is possible to apply at large thermal power plant。
A first aspect of the present invention; a kind of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is provided; described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel (cylinder) includes liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and optional external protection; described intermediate structure layer includes at least one structure subgrade; from the inside of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney to outside, described structure subgrade includes:
Structure monolayer A-structure monolayer B-structure monolayer C-structure monolayer D,
Wherein, structure monolayer A is injection layer or unidirectional layer of cloth；
Structure monolayer B is nothing or circumferential winding layer；
Structure monolayer C is injection layer or unidirectional layer of cloth；
Structure monolayer D is circumferential winding layer；
And when structure monolayer A is for injection layer, structure monolayer C is unidirectional layer of cloth；Or structure monolayer A is when being unidirectional layer of cloth, structure monolayer C is injection layer。
Herein, " optional " refers to can have, and (can exist) maybe can not have (can be absent from)。Described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel include liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and optional external protection refer to as described in fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel can have external protection, maybe can there is no external protection。
Herein, thickness refers to and randomly selects 25 meansigma methodss measuring the thickness that point records, for instance, the thickness t of intermediate structure layer randomly selects 25 to measure point on intermediate structure layer, calculates the meansigma methods of 25 thickness recorded, obtains the thickness t of intermediate structure layer。
In another preference, described structure monolayer A is injection layer。In another preference, described structure monolayer A is injection layer, and described structure monolayer B is circumferential winding layer, and described structure monolayer C is unidirectional layer of cloth, and described structure monolayer D is circumferential winding layer。In another preference, described structure monolayer A is injection layer, and described structure monolayer B is nothing, and described structure monolayer C is unidirectional layer of cloth, and described structure monolayer D is circumferential winding layer。
In another preference, described structure monolayer A is unidirectional layer of cloth。In another preference, described structure monolayer A is unidirectional layer of cloth, and described structure monolayer B is circumferential winding layer, and described structure monolayer C is injection layer, and described structure monolayer D is circumferential winding layer。In another preference, described structure monolayer A is unidirectional layer of cloth, and described structure monolayer B is nothing, and described structure monolayer C is injection layer, and described structure monolayer D is circumferential winding layer。
In another preference, the quantity of described structure subgrade is 2-30；And/or
The thickness of described structure subgrade is 1.5-5mm；And/or
The thickness of each structure monolayer is 0.2-4mm。
In another preference, can arranging additional structure monolayer between each described structure subgrade, described additional structure monolayer is unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, injection layer, surface carpet veneer or its combination。
In another preference; described intermediate structure layer also includes the outermost structural monolayer connected with described external protection; described outermost structural monolayer is injection layer or circumferential winding layer; optionally; can arranging additional structure monolayer between described outermost structural monolayer and described structure subgrade, described additional structure monolayer is unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, injection layer, surface carpet veneer or its combination。
In another preference, in described circumferential winding layer, the winding angle being wound around yarn is 40-90 degree, it is preferred that, winding angle is 75-90 degree, and more preferably, winding angle is 80-90 degree。
In another preference, the fiber areal densities of described injection layer is 100g/m2-800g/m2, resin content is 50wt%-80wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described injection layer；And/or
The fiber areal densities of described unidirectional layer of cloth is 200g/m2-600g/m2, resin content is 30wt%-60wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described unidirectional layer of cloth；And/or
The fiber areal densities of described circumferential winding layer is 300g/m2-3000g/m2, resin content is 25wt%-50wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described circumferential winding layer。
A second aspect of the present invention, it is provided that the preparation method of the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney described in first aspect, said method comprising the steps of:
A () provides liner functional layer；
B () lays (making) described intermediate structure layer outside described liner functional layer, and optional
C () is laid (making) described external protection outside described intermediate structure layer and is obtained described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney；
Or comprise the following steps:
A () provides liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and optional external protection；
B () is by described liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection is assembled into described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney；
Preferably, following steps are adopted to prepare described structure subgrade:
I () provides a basal plane；
(ii) (making) described structure monolayer A is laid in the periphery of described basal plane；
(iii) (making) described structure monolayer B is laid in the periphery of described structure monolayer A；
(iv) (making) described structure monolayer C is laid in the periphery of described structure monolayer B；
V () lays (making) described structure monolayer D in the periphery of described structure monolayer C；
When described structure monolayer B be without time, omit step (c), the periphery of described structure monolayer A lay described structure monolayer C。
In another preference, described basal plane is die surface, and described mould is cylindric mould, column type mould or important actor mould。
A third aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of chimney, including chimney urceolus and chimney internal cylinder, described chimney internal cylinder is 1-4 the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as described in any one of first aspect。
In another preference, described chimney is telescopic or multi-flue chimney。
In another preference, described chimney urceolus is armored concrete urceolus, steel urceolus, brick urceolus or tower-type urceolus。
In another preference, described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is suspended in the top of described chimney urceolus。
In another preference, described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is suspended in each support zone of described chimney urceolus。
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, not only there is good hoop mechanical property, and there is good axial mechanical property, take into account simultaneously and meet the various functions requirements such as the erosion of large coal-fired power plant chimney anticorrosion, fire-retardant, antistatic, accumulatingdust, having and be easy to construction and the advantage such as quality control, long service life。
Should be understood that within the scope of the present invention, above-mentioned each technical characteristic of the present invention and can combining mutually between specifically described each technical characteristic in below (eg embodiment), thus constituting new or preferred technical scheme。As space is limited, tired no longer one by one state at this。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel of the present invention。
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney one preferred liner functional layer of the present invention。
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney one preferred structure subgrade of the present invention。
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention containing a preferred external protection。
Detailed description of the invention
Present inventor is through extensively and in depth studying, develop a kind of novel fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney first, barrel includes at least one structure subgrade with following structure composition: structure monolayer A-structure monolayer B-structure monolayer C-structure monolayer D, and wherein structure monolayer A is injection layer or unidirectional layer of cloth；Structure monolayer B is nothing or circumferential winding layer；Structure monolayer C is injection layer or unidirectional layer of cloth；Structure monolayer D is circumferential winding layer；And when structure monolayer A is for injection layer, structure monolayer C is unidirectional layer of cloth；Or structure monolayer A is when being unidirectional layer of cloth, structure monolayer C is injection layer。The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, not only there is good hoop mechanical property, and there is good axial mechanical property, take into account simultaneously and meet the various functions requirements such as the erosion of large coal-fired power plant chimney anticorrosion, fire-retardant, antistatic, accumulatingdust, having and be easy to construction and the advantage such as quality control, long service life。On this basis, the present invention is completed。
Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney
As it is shown in figure 1, the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, barrel (cylinder) includes liner functional layer 1, intermediate structure layer 2 and optional external protection 3。
The effect of liner functional layer 1 is anticorrosion and fire-retardant, static conductive, accumulatingdust。
The Main Function of intermediate structure layer 2 is to provide mechanical property。
External protection 3 is to 2 certain protective role of intermediate structure layer。Representational protective effect includes (but being not limited to): uvioresistant, antifouling (cleaning), anticorrosion, antioxidation。Additionally, external protection 3 may also function as certain decoration function。
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, is highly 10-400m。It is preferred that the height of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is at 200-350m。In another preference, described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney height is 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, 250m, 300m or 350m。
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, diameter is 2-15m。It is preferred that the diameter of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is at 6-12m。In another preference, the diameter of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney is 3m, 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m, 5.5m, 6.5m, 7.5m, 8.5m, 9m, 9.5m, 10m or 12m。
In the present invention, liner functional layer 1, intermediate structure layer 2 and optional external protection 3 are all mainly be made up of various different structure monolayers。
The preparation method of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
A () provides liner functional layer；
B () lays (making) described intermediate structure layer outside described liner functional layer, and optional
C () is laid (making) described external protection outside described intermediate structure layer and is obtained described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney；
Or comprise the following steps:
A () provides liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and optional external protection；
B () is by described liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and optional external protection is assembled into described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney。
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention, has following one or more feature:
(1) hoop tensile strength is more than 235MPa, and modulus is more than 19.0GPa, and axial tensile strength is more than 110MPa, and modulus is more than 12.5GPa；
(2) hoop bending strength is more than 250MPa, and modulus is more than 18.0GPa, and axial bending intensity is more than 140MPa, and modulus is more than 11.0GPa；
(3) hoop compressive strength is more than 260MPa, and modulus is more than 12.0GPa, and axial compression strength is more than 200MPa, and modulus is more than 9.0GPa。
Structure monolayer
In the present invention, structure monolayer includes injection layer, unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, surface carpet veneer and scrim layer, carbon fiber carpet veneer and gel coating resin。
In the present invention, injection layer, unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, surface carpet veneer and scrim layer are all made up of fiberglass reinforced plastics (also referred to as fiberglass)。Fiberglass is through combination process, a kind of functional material being made by synthetic resin and glass fibre。In the present invention, glass fibre can adopt commercially available prod, for instance the ECR fiber provided by Chongqing Polycomp International Co., Ltd or OWENS CORNING company and goods。Wherein, described injection yarn can adopt commercially available prod, such as: ECR10k-2400 orP209(2400TEX)。Described unidirectional cloth can adopt commercially available prod, as: DW(ECR) 430-600/630 orUD(430g/m2)。Described winding yarn can adopt commercially available prod, such as: ECR469L-2400 orSE1200(2400TEX)。Described surface felt can adopt commercially available prod, as: ST (ECR) 30M-250 or M524-ECR30A(30g/m2)。The surface density of described grid cloth is 40-65g/m2, it is advantageous to for 55-60g/m2, it is more preferred from 60g/m2。
Carbon fiber carpet veneer is made up of carbon fibre reinforced plastic。Carbon fibre reinforced plastic is using carbon fiber and goods thereof as reinforcing material, makes matrix material with synthetic resin, the another kind of high-performance composite materials formed through specific moulding process。Wherein, the surface density of carbon fiber felt can be 15-25g/m2, it is advantageous to for 17-20g/m2。
The resin more than present invention used in each fibre reinforced plastics includes chemical flame retardant type resin, high temperature resistant type resin, corrosion resistant type resin。Specifically include epoxy vinyl esters resin, unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin。Preferred resin includes: chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl esters resin, phenolic epoxy vinyl esters resinoid。Generally, structural resin is resistant at least 80 DEG C, it is preferred that be at least resistant to 120 DEG C, is more preferably at least resistant to 150 DEG C。The resin that present invention preferably uses is chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl ester resin DERAKANEMOM510C-350HOI or DSM N. V. production chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl ester resin Atlac750。
Gel coating resin is mainly formed from a resin。In another preference, in gel coating resin, resin content is 100wt%, with the gross weight gauge of gel coating resin。In another preference, the film forming matter of described gel coating resin is selected from: epoxy vinyl ester resin, unsaturated polyester resin。In another preference, the film forming matter of described gel coating resin is metaphenylene unsaturated polyester resin。
In another preference, the 50% of each structure monolayer thickness change < average thickness on described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney hoop, it is preferred that the 20% of thickness change < average thickness。
Preferably employ following methods and prepare each structure monolayer:
Basal plane processes: when basal plane is mould, clears up die surface, application releasing agent, lays plastic sheeting；When basal plane is other structure monolayers, mechanical grinding surface, the floating ash of cleaning, application releasing agent, lay plastic sheeting；
Unidirectional layer of cloth: unidirectional cloth is carried out cutting, is wound on basal plane by wrapping machine (or manual) by the unidirectional cloth being soaked with resin (being mixed with firming agent), and winding tension is 10-500MPa, obtains unidirectional layer of cloth after solidification。It is preferred that adopt intermittent operation technique。
Circumferential winding layer: control tension force 10-500MPa by wrapping machine and the winding yarn being soaked with resin (being mixed with firming agent) is wound on basal plane, form circumferential winding layer after solidifying。In another preference, during the construction of described circumferential winding layer, the method adopting continuous winding, the winding angle being wound around yarn is 40-90 degree, it is preferred that, winding angle is 75-90 degree, and more preferably, winding angle is 80-90 degree。
Injection layer: use spraying machine, converges glass fibre and resin, firming agent at nozzle place, is ejected on basal plane together, solidifies and obtains injection layer。
Surface carpet veneer: being wound on basal plane by wrapping machine (or manual) by the surface felt being soaked with resin (being mixed with firming agent), winding tension is 10-500MPa, forms surface carpet veneer after solidifying。It is preferred that adopt continuous winding technique。
Scrim layer: being wound on basal plane by wrapping machine (or manual) by the grid cloth being soaked with resin (being mixed with firming agent), winding tension is 10-500MPa, forms scrim layer after solidifying。It is preferred that adopt continuous winding technique。
Carbon fiber carpet veneer: being wound on basal plane by wrapping machine (or manual) by the carbon fiber felt being soaked with resin (being mixed with firming agent), winding tension is 10-500MPa, forms carbon fiber carpet veneer after solidifying。It is preferred that adopt continuous winding technique。
Gel coating resin: be coated on basal plane by resin gel coat (being mixed with firming agent), forms gel coating resin after solidifying。It is preferred that adopt machinery spraying coating process continuously。
Liner functional layer
As in figure 2 it is shown, from the inside of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney to outside, the structure of described liner functional layer 1 is:
Surface carpet veneer 12-sprays layer 13,
Optional scrim layer (not shown) is may also include outside described injection layer 13。
In another preference, described liner functional layer 1 also includes the carbon fiber carpet veneer 11 of innermost layer, and structure is: carbon fiber carpet veneer 11-surface carpet veneer 12-sprays layer 13。
In another preference, between described carbon fiber carpet veneer and described surface carpet veneer, also there is scrim layer。
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, the fiber areal densities of described carbon fiber carpet veneer is 10-30g/m2, resin content is 80wt%-99wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described carbon fiber carpet veneer。It is preferred that the fiber areal densities of described carbon fiber carpet veneer is 12-25g/m2。It is preferred that the resin content of described carbon fiber carpet veneer is 85wt%-98wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described carbon fiber carpet veneer。In another preference, the thickness of described carbon fiber carpet veneer is 0.1-1mm, it is preferred that, thickness is 0.15-0.8mm。
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, the fiber areal densities of described surface carpet veneer is 15-50g/m2, resin content is 80wt%-98wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described surface carpet veneer。It is preferred that the fiber areal densities of described surface carpet veneer is 20-40g/m2。It is preferred that the resin content of described surface carpet veneer is 85wt%-95wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described surface carpet veneer。In another preference, the thickness of described surface carpet veneer is 0.1-1mm, it is preferred that, thickness is 0.15-0.5mm。
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, the fiber areal densities of described injection layer is 100-800g/m2, resin content is 65wt%-90wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described injection layer。It is preferred that the fiber areal densities of described injection layer is 200-500g/m2, it is preferred that, the resin content of described injection layer is 70wt%-85wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described injection layer。In another preference, the thickness of described injection layer is 0.1-3mm, it is preferred that, thickness is 0.5-1.5mm。
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, the fiber areal densities of described scrim layer is 30-100g/m2, resin content is 50wt%-95wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described scrim layer。It is preferred that the fiber areal densities of described scrim layer is 40-70g/m2。It is preferred that the resin content of described scrim layer is 60wt%-90wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described scrim layer。In another preference, the thickness of described scrim layer is 0.1-1.5mm, it is preferred that, thickness is 0.15-0.9mm。
In another preference, in described liner functional layer, the 50% of each structure monolayer thickness change < average thickness on described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney hoop, it is preferred that the 20% of thickness change < average thickness。
When preparing liner functional layer, first carbon fiber felt, surface felt, injection yarn can be laid on basal plane successively by the mode being wound around or spray, make resin uniformly combine with fiber or fibre again through the mode catching up with pressure to go out the supplementary resin of bubble, coating or injection, solidify and obtain each structure monolayer。
Or, on basal plane, first lay carbon fiber felt layer, then on carbon fiber carpet veneer, carry out injection layer construction, and on injection layer, optionally lay scrim layer and/or between described carbon fiber carpet veneer and described surface carpet veneer, lay scrim layer。The Specific construction mode of each structure monolayer is as previously mentioned。
Intermediate structure layer
Intermediate structure layer 2 includes at least one structure subgrade 20, as it is shown on figure 3, from the inside of described chimney to outside, described structure subgrade 20 includes:
Structure monolayer A21-structure monolayer B22-structure monolayer C23-structure monolayer D24,
Wherein, structure monolayer A21 is injection layer or unidirectional layer of cloth；
Structure monolayer B22 is nothing or circumferential winding layer；
Structure monolayer C23 is injection layer or unidirectional layer of cloth；
Structure monolayer D24 is circumferential winding layer；
And when structure monolayer A21 is for injection layer, structure monolayer C23 is unidirectional layer of cloth；Or structure monolayer A21 is when being unidirectional layer of cloth, structure monolayer C23 is injection layer。
The thickness of the intermediate structure layer 2 of the present invention is 8-50mm。In another preference, the thickness of intermediate structure layer 2 is 8-18mm, 19-24mm or 25-50mm。
In another preference, the 25% of the thickness change < average thickness of described intermediate structure layer different parts on hoop, it is preferred that, the 10% of thickness change < average thickness, more preferably, the 5% of thickness change < average thickness。
In described intermediate structure layer, the quantity of described structure subgrade is 2-30, it is preferred that for 3-20。The thickness of described structure subgrade is 1.5-5mm, it is preferred that for 2-4mm。In another preference, for same structure subgrade, the 30% of the thickness change < average thickness of its different parts on hoop, it is preferred that, the 15% of thickness change < average thickness。
In the present invention, preferred structure subgrade includes structure subgrade 1(and is designated as S1 in the examples below), structure subgrade 2(be designated as S2), structure subgrade 3(be designated as S3), structure subgrade 4(be designated as S4)。
In structure subgrade 1, structure monolayer A is injection layer, and structure monolayer B is circumferential winding layer, and structure monolayer C is unidirectional layer of cloth, and structure monolayer D is circumferential winding layer。
In structure subgrade 2, structure monolayer A is injection layer, and structure monolayer B is nothing, and structure monolayer C is unidirectional layer of cloth, and structure monolayer D is circumferential winding layer。
In structure subgrade 3, structure monolayer A is unidirectional layer of cloth, and structure monolayer B is nothing, and structure monolayer C is injection layer, and structure monolayer D is circumferential winding layer。
In structure subgrade 4, structure monolayer A is unidirectional layer of cloth, and structure monolayer B is circumferential winding layer, and structure monolayer C is injection layer, and structure monolayer D is circumferential winding layer。
Can arranging additional structure monolayer between each described structure subgrade, described additional structure monolayer is unidirectional layer of cloth (being designated as F1 in the examples below), circumferential winding layer (being designated as F2), injection layer (being designated as F3), surface carpet veneer (being designated as F4) or its combination。
Intermediate structure layer also includes the outermost structural monolayer connected with described external protection; described outermost structural monolayer is injection layer (being designated as Y1 in the examples below) or circumferential winding layer (being designated as Y2); and additional structure monolayer can be set between described outermost structural monolayer and described structure subgrade, described additional structure monolayer is unidirectional layer of cloth (being designated as F1 in the examples below), circumferential winding layer (being designated as F2), injection layer (being designated as F3), surface carpet veneer (being designated as F4) or its combination。
In intermediate structure layer, the fiber areal densities of described injection layer is 100-800g/m2, resin content is 50wt%-80wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described injection layer。It is preferred that fiber areal densities is 200-600g/m2, resin content is 55wt%-75wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described injection layer。
In intermediate structure layer, the fiber areal densities of described unidirectional layer of cloth is 200-600g/m2, resin content is 30wt%-60wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described unidirectional layer of cloth。It is preferred that fiber areal densities is 250-500g/m2, resin content is 35wt%-55wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described unidirectional layer of cloth。
In intermediate structure layer, the fiber areal densities of described circumferential winding layer is 300-3000g/m2, resin content is 25wt%-50wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described circumferential winding layer。Preferably fiber areal densities is 400-2000g/m2, resin content is 30wt%-45wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described circumferential winding layer。
In intermediate structure layer, the thickness of each structure monolayer is 0.2-4mm, it is preferred that for 0.4-3mm。In another preference, the thickness of described injection layer is 0.2-2mm, it is preferred that for 0.5-1.5mm。In another preference, the thickness of described unidirectional layer of cloth is 0.2-1mm, it is preferred that for 0.2-0.8mm。In another preference, the thickness of described circumferential winding layer is 0.2-1mm, it is preferred that for 0.3-0.8mm。
In another preference, the 50% of each structure monolayer thickness change < average thickness on described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney hoop, it is preferred that the 20% of thickness change < average thickness。
When preparing structure subgrade, can first glass fibre or fiberglass products be laid on basal plane by the mode sprayed or be wound around, make resin uniformly combine with glass fibre or fiberglass products again through the mode catching up with pressure to go out the supplementary resin of bubble, coating or injection, solidify and obtain each structure monolayer。
It addition, following methods can be adopted to prepare structure subgrade。For structure subgrade 1 in detail its preferred preparation method is described in detail below, comprises the following steps:
Injection layer construction: use spraying machine, glass fibre and resin, firming agent are converged at nozzle place, be ejected on basal plane together, solidifies and obtains injection layer；
Circumferential winding layer is constructed: control tension force 10-500MPa by wrapping machine, is wound into by the winding yarn being soaked with resin (being mixed with firming agent) on injection layer, forms circumferential winding layer after solidifying；
Lay unidirectional layer of cloth: being wound on circumferential winding layer by wrapping machine by the unidirectional cloth being soaked with resin (being mixed with firming agent), winding tension is 10-500MPa, obtains unidirectional layer of cloth after solidification；It is preferred that adopt intermittent operation technique。
Circumferential winding layer is constructed: controls tension force 10-500MPa by wrapping machine, is wound on unidirectional layer of cloth by the winding yarn being soaked with resin (being mixed with firming agent), forms circumferential winding layer after solidifying。
Preferably employ similar method and prepare structure subgrade 2, structure subgrade 3 and structure subgrade 4, repeat no more herein。
External protection
As shown in Figure 4, described external protection 3 includes gel coating resin 31, and optional surface carpet veneer 32 and optional scrim layer 33。
In another preference, described external protection includes gel coating resin and surface carpet veneer, and described surface carpet veneer is between described gel coating resin and described intermediate structure layer。Optional, described external protection also includes scrim layer, and described scrim layer is between described surface carpet veneer and described gel coating resin。
In external protection, gel coating resin is mainly formed from a resin。In another preference, described gel coating resin is made up of metaphenylene unsaturated polyester resin。In another preference, the thickness of described gel coating resin is 0.1-1.5mm, it is preferred that, thickness is 0.15-0.6mm。
In external protection, the fiber areal densities of described surface carpet veneer is 20-800g/m2, resin content is 80wt%-98wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described surface carpet veneer。In another preference, the fiber areal densities of described surface carpet veneer is 20-50g/m2。In another preference, the fiber areal densities of described surface carpet veneer is 200-500g/m2。In another preference, the resin content of described surface carpet veneer is 85wt%-95wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described surface carpet veneer。In another preference, the fiber areal densities of described surface carpet veneer is 20-500g/m2。In another preference, the thickness of described surface carpet veneer is 0.1-1.5mm, it is preferred that, thickness is 0.15-0.6mm。
In external protection, the fiber areal densities of optional described scrim layer is 30-100g/m2, resin content is 50wt%-95wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described scrim layer。It is preferred that the fiber areal densities of described scrim layer is 50-80g/m2。It is preferred that the resin content of described scrim layer is 60wt%-85wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described scrim layer。
When preparing external protection; the mode that surface felt, optional grid cloth can first pass sequentially through winding is laid on basal plane; resin and above-mentioned fibre is made uniformly to combine again through the mode catching up with pressure to go out the supplementary resin of bubble, coating or injection; solidifying and obtain described surface carpet veneer, optional scrim layer, the resin gel coat of outermost forms described gel coating resin。
Or, on basal plane, first to lay surface carpet veneer, on the carpet veneer of surface, optionally carry out scrim layer construction, last coated with resins gel coat forms gel coating resin。
The Specific construction mode of each structure monolayer is as previously mentioned。
The features described above that the present invention mentions, or the feature that embodiment is mentioned can be in any combination。The disclosed all features of this case description can with any composition forms use, each feature disclosed in description, it is possible to identical by any offer, impartial or similar purpose alternative characteristics replaces。Therefore except having special instruction, disclosed feature to be only impartial or similar features general example。
The invention have benefit that:
(1) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention has the decay resistance of excellence, good axial mechanical property and hoop mechanical property；
(2) the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney integral seamless of the present invention, impermeabilisation ability is strong；
(3) the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney recoverability of the present invention is strong, and local can process as required；
(4) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention cannot be degraded, not easily aging, long service life；
(5) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention is easy to construction and quality control；
(6) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention disclosure satisfy that the various functions requirements such as fire-retardant, antistatic, accumulatingdust；
(7) fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention is applicable to large-size thermal power plant。
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further。Should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention rather than restriction the scope of the present invention。The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, generally conventionally condition or according to manufacturer it is proposed that condition。Unless otherwise indicated, otherwise percentage ratio and number are calculated by weight。
Unless otherwise defined, the same meaning that all specialties used in literary composition are familiar with one skilled in the art with scientific words。Additionally, any method similar or impartial to described content and material all can be applicable in the inventive method。The use that preferably implementation described in literary composition and material only present a demonstration。
Universal method
In the examples below, following methods is adopted to prepare each structure monolayer:
Basal plane processes: when basal plane is mould, clears up die surface, application releasing agent, lays plastic sheeting；When basal plane is structure monolayer, mechanical grinding surface, the floating ash of cleaning, application releasing agent, lay plastic sheeting；
Unidirectional layer of cloth: being wound on basal plane by wrapping machine by the unidirectional cloth being soaked with resin (being mixed with firming agent methyl ethyl ketone peroxide), winding tension is 100-200MPa, obtains unidirectional layer of cloth after solidification。
Circumferential winding layer: control tension force 100-200MPa by wrapping machine and the winding yarn being soaked with resin (being mixed with methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cobalt iso-octoate) is wound on basal plane, form circumferential winding layer after solidifying。The winding angle being wound around yarn is 80-90 degree。
Injection layer: use spraying machine, converges glass fibre and resin (containing cobalt iso-octoate), firming agent methyl ethyl ketone peroxide at nozzle place, is ejected on basal plane together, removes bubble, solidifies and obtains injection layer。
Surface carpet veneer: being wound on basal plane by the surface felt being soaked with resin (being mixed with firming agent methyl ethyl ketone peroxide), winding tension is 100-200MPa, forms surface carpet veneer after solidifying。
Scrim layer: being wound on basal plane by the grid cloth being soaked with resin (being mixed with firming agent methyl ethyl ketone peroxide), winding tension is 100-200MPa, forms scrim layer after solidifying。
Carbon fiber carpet veneer: adopting continuous winding technique to be wound on basal plane by the carbon fiber felt being soaked with resin (being mixed with firming agent methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) by wrapping machine, winding tension is 100-200MPa, forms carbon fiber carpet veneer after solidifying。
The resin used in each structure monolayer above is chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl ester resin DERAKANEMOM510C-350HOI or DSM N. V. production chemical flame retardant type epoxy vinyl ester resin Atlac750。Various glass fibre or fiberglass products are provided by OWENS CORNING company by Chongqing Polycomp International Co., Ltd。
Gel coating resin: be coated on basal plane by metaphenylene unsaturated polyester resin gel coat (being mixed with firming agent methyl ethyl ketone peroxide), forms gel coating resin after solidifying。
Additionally, adopt the method that following standard specifies to test various performances。" the generals of test methods for properties of fiberreinforced plastics " GB/T1446；" fibre reinforced plastics Erichsen test method " GB/T1447；" Test method for compressive properties of glass fiberreinforced plastics " GB/T1448；" Test method for flexural properties of glass fiberreinforced plastics " GB/T1449；" Test method for interlaminar shear strength of glass fiberreinforced plastics " GB/T1450.1；" Test method for the punchtype of strength of glass fiberreinforced plastics " GB/T1450.2；" fiberglass reinforced thermosetting plastics chemical mediator-resitant property test method " GB/T3857；" Test method of resistivity for fibre reinforced conducting and antistatic plastics " GB/T15738-2008；" fiberglass reinforced plastics combustibility test method " GB/T8924-88；" fiberglass reinforced plastics ageing properties test method " GB/T2573；" loading code for design of building structures " GB50009-2001。
Embodiment 1
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, barrel includes liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 7.2 meters。
Wherein, liner functional layer includes surface carpet veneer and injection layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.2mm。
Intermediate structure layer 1,2 additional structure monolayers of 4 structure subgrades from inside to outside and 1 outermost structural monolayer are constituted, and structure is S1-S1-F2-F2-S1-S1-Y2, and gross thickness is 14.2mm。
External protection is gel coating resin, and thickness is 0.25mm。
Embodiment 2
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, barrel includes liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 7.2 meters。
Wherein, liner functional layer is made up of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surface carpet veneer and injection layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.5mm。
Intermediate structure layer structure from inside to outside is S1-S1-F1-S1-S2-F1-F2-S1-S4, and the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 16.5mm。
External protection is gel coating resin, and thickness is 0.25mm。
Embodiment 3
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, barrel includes liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 7.8 meters。
Wherein, liner functional layer is made up of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surface carpet veneer, injection layer and scrim layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.9mm。
Intermediate structure layer structure from inside to outside is S1-S2-S1-F1-F2-S3-F1-F2-S1-Y2, and the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 17.5mm。
External protection is made up of surface carpet veneer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and gross thickness is 0.5mm。
Embodiment 4
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, barrel includes liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 8.5 meters。
Wherein, liner functional layer is made up of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surface carpet veneer and injection layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.46mm。
Intermediate structure Rotating fields is S1-S1-S1-F1-F2-S1-S1-S1-S2-S4-Y1, and gross thickness is 18.8mm。
External protection is made up of surface carpet veneer, scrim layer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and thickness is 0.66mm。
Embodiment 5
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, barrel includes liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 7.2 meters。
Wherein, liner functional layer is made up of carbon fiber carpet veneer, scrim layer, surface carpet veneer, injection layer and scrim layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 2.04mm。
Intermediate structure layer structure from inside to outside is S1-S1-S2-F1-F2-S1-S3-S2-F1-F2-S1-S4, and the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 21.5mm。
External protection is made up of surface carpet veneer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and thickness is 0.55mm。
Embodiment 6
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, barrel includes liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and diameter is 8 meters。
Wherein, liner functional layer is made up of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surface carpet veneer, injection layer and scrim layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.86mm。
Intermediate structure layer structure from inside to outside is S1-S1-S1-F1-F2-S1-S3-S1-F1-F2-S1-S1-Y2, and the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 20.5mm。
Embodiment 7
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, barrel includes liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 9 meters。
Wherein, liner functional layer is made up of carbon fiber carpet veneer, scrim layer, surface carpet veneer, injection layer and scrim layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 2.1mm。
Intermediate structure Rotating fields is S1-S1-S2-F1-F2-S1-S1-S1-F4-S3-S1-S2-S4-Y1, and gross thickness is 24.8mm。
External protection is made up of surface carpet veneer, scrim layer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and thickness is 0.64mm。
Embodiment 8
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, barrel includes liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 10 meters。
Wherein, liner functional layer is made up of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surface carpet veneer and injection layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.56mm。
Intermediate structure layer structure from inside to outside is S1-S1-S2-F1-F2-S1-S1-S2-F1-S1-F2-S1-S1-F2-S2-S1-S4-S1-S1-Y1, and the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 32.5mm。
External protection is made up of surface carpet veneer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and thickness is 0.5mm。
Embodiment 9
The fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present embodiment, barrel includes liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection, and diameter is 10 meters。
Wherein, liner functional layer is made up of carbon fiber carpet veneer, surface carpet veneer, injection layer and scrim layer from inside to outside, and thickness is 1.86mm。
Intermediate structure layer structure from inside to outside is S1-S2-S1-F1-F2-S1-S3-S1-F1-S1-S1-F2-S1-S1-S4-S2, and the gross thickness of intermediate structure layer is 26.5mm。
External protection is made up of surface carpet veneer and gel coating resin from inside to outside, and gross thickness is 0.52mm。
Embodiment 10
After testing, the hoop tensile strength of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney prepared by embodiment 1-9 is more than 235MPa, and modulus is more than 19.0GPa, and axial tensile strength is more than 110MPa, and modulus is more than 12.5GPa；Hoop bending strength is more than 250MPa, and modulus is more than 18.0GPa, and axial bending intensity is more than 140MPa, and modulus is more than 11.0GPa；Hoop compressive strength is more than 260MPa, and modulus is more than 12.0GPa, and axial compression strength is more than 200MPa, and modulus is more than 9.0GPa。
It is shown that the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention is not only on hoop, and all can meet the requirement to large-size thermal power plant chimney mechanical property in the axial direction, it is possible to for the chimney of large-size thermal power plant。
Embodiment 11
Height is 240m the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney (diameter 7.2 meters) embodiment 5 prepared, as chimney internal cylinder, is suspended in the top of armored concrete urceolus, and in certain large-size thermal power plant, it is functional as chimney and mechanical property is investigated。
After 1 year, fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney integral seamless, cracking, seepage do not occur, come off, play the problems such as bulging, aging in flakes, integrity is good。And do not find obvious corrosion, good corrosion resistance。Axially huge gravity laod can be born, also can meet hoop mechanical property requirements。
Comparative example 1-3
In development process, inventor also makes the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney testing multiple different structure。Fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney in these comparative examples, its liner functional layer is identical with embodiment 1-5 with external protection, and difference essentially consists in structure sheaf, being constructed as follows shown in table 1 of representational structure sheaf。
Wherein S1a: with the S1 of embodiment 1, difference is in that to omit injection layer。S1b: with the S1 of embodiment 1, difference is in that to omit unidirectional layer of cloth。S1c: with the S1 of embodiment 1, difference is in that being wound around yarn winding angle is 20 degree。
The intermediate structure layer comparison to structure and propertY result of the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of table 1 comparative example and embodiment
Table 2 standards of grading
Adopt the standard of table 2, the performance of fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney prepared by embodiment 1-9 and comparative example 1-3 is evaluated, it is shown that compared with fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney prepared by comparative example 1-3, the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney of the present invention has the manufacturability of excellence, it is prone to construction, without macroscopic defect, even structure is fine and close, particularly axial and hoop excellent in mechanical performance, meet the large-size thermal power plant requirement to chimney, it is possible to suitable in large-size thermal power plant。
The all documents mentioned in the present invention are incorporated as reference all in this application, are individually recited as reference such just as each section of document。In addition, it is to be understood that after the above-mentioned teachings having read the present invention, the present invention can be made various changes or modifications by those skilled in the art, these equivalent form of values fall within the application appended claims limited range equally。
Claims (15)
1. a fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney, it is characterised in that described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel includes liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, described intermediate structure layer includes 2-30 structure subgrade, and from the inside of described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney to outside, described structure subgrade includes:
Structure monolayer A-structure monolayer B-structure monolayer C-structure monolayer D,
Wherein, structure monolayer A is injection layer or unidirectional layer of cloth；
Structure monolayer B is nothing or circumferential winding layer；
Structure monolayer C is injection layer or unidirectional layer of cloth；
Structure monolayer D is circumferential winding layer；
And when structure monolayer A is for injection layer, structure monolayer C is unidirectional layer of cloth；Or structure monolayer A is when being unidirectional layer of cloth, structure monolayer C is injection layer。
2. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described structure monolayer A is injection layer。
3. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described structure monolayer A is unidirectional layer of cloth。
4. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney barrel also includes external protection。
5. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the quantity of described structure subgrade is 3-20；And/or
The thickness of described structure subgrade is 1.5-5mm；And/or
The thickness of each structure monolayer is 0.2-4mm。
6. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that arrange additional structure monolayer between each described structure subgrade, described additional structure monolayer is unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, injection layer, surface carpet veneer or its combination。
7. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described intermediate structure layer also includes the outermost structural monolayer connected with described external protection, described outermost structural monolayer is injection layer or circumferential winding layer。
8. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, arranging additional structure monolayer between described outermost structural monolayer and described structure subgrade, described additional structure monolayer is unidirectional layer of cloth, circumferential winding layer, injection layer, surface carpet veneer or its combination。
9. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described circumferential winding layer, the winding angle being wound around yarn is 40-90 degree。
10. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described circumferential winding layer, the winding angle being wound around yarn is 75-90 degree。
11. fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described circumferential winding layer, the winding angle being wound around yarn is 80-90 degree。
12. the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as described in any one of claim 1-11, it is characterised in that the fiber areal densities of described injection layer is 100g/m2-800g/m2, resin content is 50wt%-80wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described injection layer；And/or
The fiber areal densities of described unidirectional layer of cloth is 200g/m2-600g/m2, resin content is 30wt%-60wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described unidirectional layer of cloth；And/or
The fiber areal densities of described circumferential winding layer is 300g/m2-3000g/m2, resin content is 25wt%-50wt%, with the gross weight gauge of described circumferential winding layer。
13. the preparation method of the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as described in any one of claim 4,7,8, it is characterised in that said method comprising the steps of:
A () provides liner functional layer；
B () lays described intermediate structure layer outside described liner functional layer, and
C () is laid described external protection outside described intermediate structure layer and is obtained described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney；
Or comprise the following steps:
A () provides liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer and external protection；
B () is by described liner functional layer, intermediate structure layer, and external protection is assembled into described fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney；
When described structure monolayer B be without time, omit step (c), the periphery of described structure monolayer A lay described structure monolayer C。
14. preparation method as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that adopt following steps to prepare described structure subgrade:
I () provides a basal plane；
(ii) described structure monolayer A is laid in the periphery of described basal plane；
(iii) described structure monolayer B is laid in the periphery of described structure monolayer A；
(iv) described structure monolayer C is laid in the periphery of described structure monolayer B；
V () lays described structure monolayer D in the periphery of described structure monolayer C。
15. a chimney, including chimney urceolus and chimney internal cylinder, it is characterised in that described chimney internal cylinder is 1-4 the fiber glass reinforced plastic chimney as described in any one of claim 1-12。
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| CN201381670Y (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-01-13 | 北京国电华北电力工程有限公司 | Chimney adopting sectional glass reinforced plastic inner cylinder for exhausting low-temperature flue gas after wet desulfurization |
| CN203099216U (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-07-31 | 合肥海银杆塔有限公司 | Composite pipe and flue and chimney comprising same |
| CN203514925U (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-04-02 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院 | Glass fiber reinforced plastic chimney |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2102572C1 (en) * | 1994-10-10 | 1998-01-20 | Василий Федорович Демин | Multibarrel smoke stack |
| CN201355045Y (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2009-12-02 | 北京国电华北电力工程有限公司 | FRP flue of natural ventilation and smoke exhaust cooling tower |
| CN201381670Y (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-01-13 | 北京国电华北电力工程有限公司 | Chimney adopting sectional glass reinforced plastic inner cylinder for exhausting low-temperature flue gas after wet desulfurization |
| CN203099216U (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-07-31 | 合肥海银杆塔有限公司 | Composite pipe and flue and chimney comprising same |
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