CN103503833B - A kind of Andrias davidianus Blanchard high-density breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of Andrias davidianus Blanchard high-density breeding method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural breeding technology, especially a kind of Andrias davidianus Blanchard high-density breeding method, particularly, build pond, select kind of a salamander to put in a suitable place to breed into pond, manage and feed intake, make Andrias davidianus Blanchard living environment tend to wild state by rationally appropriate pond of building, and then meet the life habit of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, and by Artificial Control and management, the hibernation period of Andrias davidianus Blanchard is got rid of, and then shortens the growth cycle of Andrias davidianus Blanchard；Select into the Andrias davidianus Blanchard in pond and the cultivation of group support certain time then through to putting in a suitable place to breed; Andrias davidianus Blanchard is cultivated at culturing pool middle-high density; it is not result in the phenomenon appearance that Andrias davidianus Blanchard baits each other; and by the control of material of throwing something and feeding; also reduce and between Andrias davidianus Blanchard, mutually grab food; pass through management process; control the proper temperature Andrias davidianus Blanchard living environment of water; and then shorten Andrias davidianus Blanchard hibernation period; and then shorten the cultivation cycle of Andrias davidianus Blanchard; reduce aquaculture cost, improve the productive profit of raiser, promote the protection of Andrias davidianus Blanchard。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural breeding technology, especially a kind of Andrias davidianus Blanchard high-density breeding method。
Background technology
Andrias davidianus Blanchard, is commonly called as Megalobatrachus japonicus daoidianuas (Blanchard), and english name is giantsalamander, is the maximum Amphibian of the distinctive build of China, is also classified as two classes by China and lays special stress on protecting aquatic animals。Andrias davidianus Blanchard is a kind of to have significantly high edible and medical value, therefore and by substantial amounts of unprincipled fellow catch and kill, and along with the severe development of environment, the habitat of Andrias davidianus Blanchard is also constantly declined by substantial amounts of destruction, self-reproduction ability, and then causes that Andrias davidianus Blanchard is in Critical Condition。For the quantity of stable Andrias davidianus Blanchard, and the demand for people, occur as soon as the substantial amounts of research how carrying out artificial propagation or artificial domestication, and also had and Andrias davidianus Blanchard life habit and the feedstuff eaten are carried out seminar join。But, in existing research, it is concentrated mainly on the research to Andrias davidianus Blanchard growing environment, makes the growing environment of construction environment out and Andrias davidianus Blanchard match, and then make the process that Andrias davidianus Blanchard grows under a suitable environment；And the research of the growing environment to Andrias davidianus Blanchard, again through the control water quality of anthropic factor, temperature, natural enemy and illumination, and provides a kind of habitat for Andrias davidianus Blanchard, and then is conducive to the growth of Andrias davidianus Blanchard。
" Andrias davidianus Blanchard Ecology artificial domestication method " and " Andrias davidianus Blanchard factory three-dimensional cultural method and the cultivating system thereof " that the patent No. is 95107049.5 if the patent No. is 200710018264.X are all by the growing environment of Andrias davidianus Blanchard is studied; the growing environment of Andrias davidianus Blanchard is enable to be suitable for by controlling extraneous factor; Andrias davidianus Blanchard is carried out artificial cultivation and meets the market demand; reduce Andrias davidianus Blanchard by the rate of catching and killing; and then protected Andrias davidianus Blanchard from the side, also provide feasibility for eating of the mankind with medicinal simultaneously。But, how above technology all simply can change environmental factors, adapts to the living environment of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, improves the survival rate of Andrias davidianus Blanchard so that Andrias davidianus Blanchard can by artificial cultivation；And for, in artificial cultivation pond, how increasing giant salamander culture density, it is ensured that cultivation Andrias davidianus Blanchard quality out, and then improve the yield of Andrias davidianus Blanchard and eating and not making research on medical value of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, and then cause that industrialized cultivation of giant salamanders production cost is bigger；Simultaneously because Andrias davidianus Blanchard itself raise and train difficulty so that substantial amounts of raiser puts into more cost, often obtains relatively low yield, and then affects the profit at giant salamander culture family, and causes that Andrias davidianus Blanchard can not get sufficient protection, also makes the cultivation of Andrias davidianus Blanchard can not get sufficient popularization。
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem existed in prior art, the present invention provides the new approaches that a kind of industrialized cultivation of giant salamanders produces so that in giant salamander culture process, and the profit of raiser improves, and shortens the Andrias davidianus Blanchard high-density breeding method of the culture-cycle of Andrias davidianus Blanchard。
Particularly it is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of Andrias davidianus Blanchard high-density breeding method,
(1) pond is built: build double-deck culturing pool with reinforced concrete；Whole pond specification is 2m × 2m × 60cm, will fill out as ramped shaped inside pond with cement, and ensures that pond wall is smooth shape, be cut into 10-12 bar discharge outlet with the ceramic tile of 40cm × 60cm at the bottom of pond after building up；Outlet below pool wall connects the bend pipe of 90 ° with 50 pipes so that it is can according to water level up-down adjustment outlet height；A reserved pipe across pool wall face at pool wall 1.8m place simultaneously；And on pool wall face, it being provided with 2 water inlets, the height of water each other is 45-55cm；Whole pond brick is cut into the little pond of wide 1.3m, high 40cm, and upper strata, pond is broken on the line offset plate lid of wide 1.3m, long 2m, and all fill water in pond, upper strata；And then making pond lower floor just as inside karst cave, the design in each cultivation pond reaches have faint light and good natural air circulation effect daytime, further meets the habit hidden by day and come out at night of Andrias davidianus Blanchard；
(2) kind of a salamander is selected to put pond in a suitable place to breed: after pond is built up, after soaking 1-2 with flowing water, clean up pond, sterilize pond 2-4 time with potassium permanganate again, and select group support 1-2 giant salamander fry, the density that can be paved with whole pond 80%-90% with monolayer is put in a suitable place to breed, and on the face, pond of 2m × 2m, put the foam two pieces that specification is 1.3m × 0.6m, further meet Andrias davidianus Blanchard to keep in dark place and the place hidden to some extent, ensure that the occupancy in pond is less too high, and select the Andrias davidianus Blanchard that group support is accustomed to cultivate, ensure that the phenomenon that will not occur mutually to bait between Andrias davidianus Blanchard, further ensure that the survival rate of giant salamander culture, improve cultivation profit；
(3) management: ensureing the upper perennial draingage of culturing pool, its dissolved oxygen amount is at 3.5mg/L, and pH value is 6.5-7.5；And the total hardness in water and total alkalinity and chloride, sulfate, silicate, ammoniacal nitrogen are measured so that it is less than fishery water standard；Two water inlets on pool wall are opened simultaneously, and discharge wants big, it is desirable to water inlet to have certain pressure, and the drop of 45-55 centimetre pours in pond；Long-term water temperature controls at 18-21 DEG C；The selection of water quality, meets the requirement of the natural environment water quality of Andrias davidianus Blanchard growth, it is to avoid the phenomenon bringing reduction Andrias davidianus Blanchard survival rate into of polluter, and Andrias davidianus Blanchard is not suitable with living environment and grows relatively slow, and even dead phenomenon occurs；Cylinder utilizes the water inlet big pressure of big flow, causes the nature streams underwater sound, further meets Andrias davidianus Blanchard habit；Pressure and drop again through water increase substantial amounts of oxygen content, the residue simultaneously can also soon Andrias davidianus Blanchard stayed in pond promptly washes away, and allows all preserving in pond as clean as a penny at any time, reduces the infection of Andrias davidianus Blanchard pathogenic bacteria, further improve surviving of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, reduce aquaculture cost；Also by the control of temperature, make Andrias davidianus Blanchard forever there is no hibernation period, improve the speed of growth of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, shorten the cultivation cycle of Andrias davidianus Blanchard。
(4) feed intake: before feeding that Andrias davidianus Blanchard is fed intake, first undertaken food 2-3 days sterilizing 1 time, continuous sterilizing 2-4 time, can by bait feeding Andrias davidianus Blanchard；Starting to put in a suitable place to breed Andrias davidianus Blanchard when entering pond, front twice feeding adopts throws something and feeds once in four days, and third time is thrown something and fed once for 2 days, and is fed to seventy percent and satisfies；Until when the 4th feeding, within one day, throwing something and feeding once, it is ensured that material will not be remained after throwing something and feeding；Select to start after 2-4 hour to feed intake after darkness every time, and do not turn on light；Bait can be converted once at 2 months, it is to avoid bringing into of extraneous pathogenic bacteria, ensure that Andrias davidianus Blanchard will not stop feed because of anorexia simultaneously, meet the habit of hiding by day and coming out at night of Andrias davidianus Blanchard。
Further, in order to enable water inlet to form the relatively big height of water conveniently, and then making the residue in culturing pool easily be flushed away, improve flowing water oxygen content, the height of water of described water inlet is 50cm。
Further, it is cut into 11 discharge outlet with the ceramic tile of 40cm × 60cm at the bottom of described pond。
Further, described pool wall face is provided with 3 water inlets。
Further, it is ensured that reduce the impact of pathogenic bacteria in giant salamander culture, improving survival rate, reduce cost, described pond potassium permanganate is sterilized 3 times。
Further, in order to meet fishery cultivating water quality standard, further adapting to the life habit of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, described perennial draingage pH value is 7。
Further, in order to ensure the hibernation period of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, shortening cultivation cycle, described long-term water temperature controls at 19-20 DEG C。
Further, in order to ensure survival rate and profit margin in breeding process, described selection kind salamander is put in a suitable place to breed in the step of pond, and the body weight of the giant salamander fry of selection is 150g-250g。
Further, it is prevented that Andrias davidianus Blanchard generation Ascites Disease, also water level being controlled in described management process, when putting Chinese salamander in a suitable place to breed, not fill pond, whole end, the pond, the end that will leave 30x40 centimetre is not submerged；The Andrias davidianus Blanchard of more than 1.5 jin with water lev el control at the back just flooding Andrias davidianus Blanchard。
Further, in order to prevent in breeding process, Andrias davidianus Blanchard portion is dead, impact cultivation profit, in described management process, the life process of Andrias davidianus Blanchard is constantly observed, as observed, Andrias davidianus Blanchard has Ascites Disease to be preferably moved in less pond when occurring and goes isolation to take good care of, and invade bubble continuously 2-4 time with gentamycin sulfate water preparation, every day soaks once, invading the bubble time is water of can releasing after 2-3 hour, and ensures that innermost water level did not all flood the back of Chinese salamander, and the 7th day after Chinese salamander returns to one's perfect health starts bait of throwing something and feeding。
The technique effect of the present invention is embodied in: by the improvement to giant salamander culture pond, giant salamander culture pond is made to be suitable for the growing environment of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, again through the cultivation in groups to giant salamander fry, Andrias davidianus Blanchard life habit is changed, so make Andrias davidianus Blanchard put in a suitable place to breed with culturing pool in without generation situation about mutually baiting；And again through the strict control to feeding time; Andrias davidianus Blanchard is baited mutually without because of hungry; also save the feedstuff of giant salamander feeding simultaneously; cost is fed in the batch production further reducing Andrias davidianus Blanchard; improve the economic profit of raiser; improve the income of raiser so that the factorial praluction of Andrias davidianus Blanchard is promoted, protect being catched and killed of wild Andrias davidianus Blanchard fully；And, adjustment time by putting in a suitable place to breed, Andrias davidianus Blanchard can be cultivated in high concentration environment, further improve the profit margin of giant salamander culture, add the yield of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, and shorten the culture-cycle of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, reduce aquaculture cost, provide rich in natural resources for the edible of Andrias davidianus Blanchard and medical value。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme is further described, but the scope claimed is not only limited to the description made。
Andrias davidianus Blanchard biology and cultivation theoretical foundation:
Andrias davidianus Blanchard is a kind of bigger Amphibian, and its environment grown is all harsher, is generally grown in the water of cool place, the high grade of transparency, rich oxygen content, and custom seeks food night, hides daytime in dark place, namely has the custom hidden by day and come out at night exactly；It is anti-pollution not, as long as there being a point pollution to cause, it is difficult to survive, and then causes that mortality rate increases substantially。Habit and its adaptation intensity to environment due to Andrias davidianus Blanchard, when doing artificial cultivation, the environment under its naturalness should be met as much as possible to the environment of its offer, some artificial cultivation skills of suitable auxiliary, decontaminate source, improve the breeding environment quality of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, and then improve the survival rate of Andrias davidianus Blanchard。
Embodiment one
Build pond:
Culturing pool wild is built like natural conditions by completely imitating。Being built into double-decker with reinforced concrete, whole pond specification is 2m × 2m × 60cm, will fill out as ramped shaped inside pond with cement, and ensures that pond wall is smooth shape, be cut into 10,11 or 12 discharge outlet with the ceramic tile of 40cm × 60cm at the bottom of pond after building up；Outlet below pool wall connects the bend pipe of 90 ° with 50 pipes so that it is can according to water level up-down adjustment outlet height；A reserved pipe across pool wall face at pool wall 1.8m place simultaneously；And on pool wall face, it being provided with 2,3 or 4 water inlets, the height of water each other is 45cm；Whole pond brick is cut into the little pond of wide 1.3m, high 40cm, and upper strata, pond is broken on the line offset plate lid of wide 1.3m, long 2m, and all fill water in pond, upper strata；And then making pond lower floor just as inside karst cave, the design in each cultivation pond reaches have faint light and good natural air circulation effect daytime, further meets the habit hidden by day and come out at night of Andrias davidianus Blanchard；
Kind of a salamander is selected to put in a suitable place to breed into pond and be managed:
After pond is built up, after soaking 1 year with flowing water, clean up pond, again with potassium permanganate sterilization pond 2, 3 or 4 times, and select 1 year giant salamander fry of group support, the density that can be paved with whole pond 80% with monolayer is put in a suitable place to breed, and on the face, pond of 2m × 2m, put the foam two pieces that specification is 1.3m × 0.6m, further meet Andrias davidianus Blanchard to keep in dark place and the place hidden to some extent, ensure that the occupancy in pond is less too high, and select the Andrias davidianus Blanchard that group support is accustomed to cultivate, ensure that the phenomenon that will not occur mutually to bait between Andrias davidianus Blanchard, further ensure that the survival rate of giant salamander culture, improve cultivation profit；Ensureing the upper perennial draingage of culturing pool, its dissolved oxygen amount is at 3.5mg/L, and pH value is 6.5；And the total hardness in water and total alkalinity and chloride, sulfate, silicate, ammoniacal nitrogen are measured so that it is less than fishery water standard；Two water inlets on pool wall are opened simultaneously, and discharge wants big, it is desirable to water inlet to have certain pressure, and the drop of 45 centimetres pours in pond；Long-term water temperature controls at 18 DEG C；The selection of water quality, meets the requirement of the natural environment water quality of Andrias davidianus Blanchard growth, it is to avoid the phenomenon bringing reduction Andrias davidianus Blanchard survival rate into of polluter, and Andrias davidianus Blanchard is not suitable with living environment and grows relatively slow, and even dead phenomenon occurs；Cylinder utilizes the water inlet big pressure of big flow, causes the nature streams underwater sound, further meets Andrias davidianus Blanchard habit；Pressure and drop again through water increase substantial amounts of oxygen content, the residue simultaneously can also soon Andrias davidianus Blanchard stayed in pond promptly washes away, and allows all preserving in pond as clean as a penny at any time, reduces the infection of Andrias davidianus Blanchard pathogenic bacteria, further improve surviving of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, reduce aquaculture cost；Also by the control of temperature, make Andrias davidianus Blanchard forever there is no hibernation period, improve the speed of growth of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, shorten the cultivation cycle of Andrias davidianus Blanchard；
Feed intake:
Before feeding that Andrias davidianus Blanchard is fed intake, first undertaken food 2 days sterilizing 1 time, continuous sterilizing 2 times, can by bait feeding Andrias davidianus Blanchard；Starting to put in a suitable place to breed Andrias davidianus Blanchard when entering pond, front twice feeding adopts throws something and feeds once in four days, and third time is thrown something and fed once for 2 days, and is fed to seventy percent and satisfies；Until when the 4th feeding, within one day, throwing something and feeding once, it is ensured that material will not be remained after throwing something and feeding；Select to start to feed intake after 2 hours after darkness every time, and do not turn on light；Bait can be converted once at 2 months, it is to avoid bringing into of extraneous pathogenic bacteria, ensure that Andrias davidianus Blanchard will not stop feed because of anorexia simultaneously, meet the habit of hiding by day and coming out at night of Andrias davidianus Blanchard。
Embodiment two
Build pond:
Culturing pool wild is built like natural conditions by completely imitating。Being built into double-decker with reinforced concrete, whole pond specification is 2m × 2m × 60cm, will fill out as ramped shaped inside pond with cement, and ensures that pond wall is smooth shape, be cut into 10,11 or 12 discharge outlet with the ceramic tile of 40cm × 60cm at the bottom of pond after building up；Outlet below pool wall connects the bend pipe of 90 ° with 50 pipes so that it is can according to water level up-down adjustment outlet height；A reserved pipe across pool wall face at pool wall 1.8m place simultaneously；And on pool wall face, it being provided with 2,3 or 4 water inlets, the height of water each other is 50cm；Whole pond brick is cut into the little pond of wide 1.3m, high 40cm, and upper strata, pond is broken on the line offset plate lid of wide 1.3m, long 2m, and all fill water in pond, upper strata；And then making pond lower floor just as inside karst cave, the design in each cultivation pond reaches have faint light and good natural air circulation effect daytime, further meets the habit hidden by day and come out at night of Andrias davidianus Blanchard；
Kind of a salamander is selected to put in a suitable place to breed into pond and be managed:
After pond is built up, after soaking 2 years with flowing water, clean up pond, again with potassium permanganate sterilization pond 2, 3 or 4 times, and select 2 years giant salamander fries of group support, the density that can be paved with whole pond 85% with monolayer is put in a suitable place to breed, and on the face, pond of 2m × 2m, put the foam two pieces that specification is 1.3m × 0.6m, further meet Andrias davidianus Blanchard to keep in dark place and the place hidden to some extent, ensure that the occupancy in pond is less too high, and select the Andrias davidianus Blanchard that group support is accustomed to cultivate, ensure that the phenomenon that will not occur mutually to bait between Andrias davidianus Blanchard, further ensure that the survival rate of giant salamander culture, improve cultivation profit；Ensureing the upper perennial draingage of culturing pool, its dissolved oxygen amount is at 3.5mg/L, and pH value is 7；And the total hardness in water and total alkalinity and chloride, sulfate, silicate, ammoniacal nitrogen are measured so that it is less than fishery water standard；Two water inlets on pool wall are opened simultaneously, and discharge wants big, it is desirable to water inlet to have certain pressure, and the drop of 50 centimetres pours in pond；Long-term water temperature controls at 19 DEG C；The selection of water quality, meets the requirement of the natural environment water quality of Andrias davidianus Blanchard growth, it is to avoid the phenomenon bringing reduction Andrias davidianus Blanchard survival rate into of polluter, and Andrias davidianus Blanchard is not suitable with living environment and grows relatively slow, and even dead phenomenon occurs；Cylinder utilizes the water inlet big pressure of big flow, causes the nature streams underwater sound, further meets Andrias davidianus Blanchard habit；Pressure and drop again through water increase substantial amounts of oxygen content, the residue simultaneously can also soon Andrias davidianus Blanchard stayed in pond promptly washes away, and allows all preserving in pond as clean as a penny at any time, reduces the infection of Andrias davidianus Blanchard pathogenic bacteria, further improve surviving of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, reduce aquaculture cost；Also by the control of temperature, make Andrias davidianus Blanchard forever there is no hibernation period, improve the speed of growth of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, shorten the cultivation cycle of Andrias davidianus Blanchard；
Feed intake:
Before feeding that Andrias davidianus Blanchard is fed intake, first undertaken food 3 days sterilizing 1 time, continuous sterilizing 3 times, can by bait feeding Andrias davidianus Blanchard；Starting to put in a suitable place to breed Andrias davidianus Blanchard when entering pond, front twice feeding adopts throws something and feeds once in four days, and third time is thrown something and fed once for 2 days, and is fed to seventy percent and satisfies；Until when the 4th feeding, within one day, throwing something and feeding once, it is ensured that material will not be remained after throwing something and feeding；Select to start to feed intake after 3 hours after darkness every time, and do not turn on light；Bait can be converted once at 2 months, it is to avoid bringing into of extraneous pathogenic bacteria, ensure that Andrias davidianus Blanchard will not stop feed because of anorexia simultaneously, meet the habit of hiding by day and coming out at night of Andrias davidianus Blanchard。
Embodiment three
Build pond:
Culturing pool wild is built like natural conditions by completely imitating。Being built into double-decker with reinforced concrete, whole pond specification is 2m × 2m × 60cm, will fill out as ramped shaped inside pond with cement, and ensures that pond wall is smooth shape, be cut into 10,11 or 12 discharge outlet with the ceramic tile of 40cm × 60cm at the bottom of pond after building up；Outlet below pool wall connects the bend pipe of 90 ° with 50 pipes so that it is can according to water level up-down adjustment outlet height；A reserved pipe across pool wall face at pool wall 1.8m place simultaneously；And on pool wall face, it being provided with 2,3 or 4 water inlets, the height of water each other is 55cm；Whole pond brick is cut into the little pond of wide 1.3m, high 40cm, and upper strata, pond is broken on the line offset plate lid of wide 1.3m, long 2m, and all fill water in pond, upper strata；And then making pond lower floor just as inside karst cave, the design in each cultivation pond reaches have faint light and good natural air circulation effect daytime, further meets the habit hidden by day and come out at night of Andrias davidianus Blanchard；
Kind of a salamander is selected to put in a suitable place to breed into pond and be managed:
After pond is built up, after soaking 2 years with flowing water, clean up pond, again with potassium permanganate sterilization pond 2, 3 or 4 times, and to select 1 year body weight of group support be 150g giant salamander fry, the density that can be paved with whole pond 90% with monolayer is put in a suitable place to breed, and on the face, pond of 2m × 2m, put the foam two pieces that specification is 1.3m × 0.6m, further meet Andrias davidianus Blanchard to keep in dark place and the place hidden to some extent, ensure that the occupancy in pond is less too high, and select the Andrias davidianus Blanchard that group support is accustomed to cultivate, ensure that the phenomenon that will not occur mutually to bait between Andrias davidianus Blanchard, further ensure that the survival rate of giant salamander culture, improve cultivation profit；Ensureing the upper perennial draingage of culturing pool, its dissolved oxygen amount is at 3.5mg/L, and pH value is 7.5；And the total hardness in water and total alkalinity and chloride, sulfate, silicate, ammoniacal nitrogen are measured so that it is less than fishery water standard；Two water inlets on pool wall are opened simultaneously, and discharge wants big, it is desirable to water inlet to have certain pressure, and the drop of 55 centimetres pours in pond；Long-term water temperature controls at 20 DEG C or 21 DEG C；The selection of water quality, meets the requirement of the natural environment water quality of Andrias davidianus Blanchard growth, it is to avoid the phenomenon bringing reduction Andrias davidianus Blanchard survival rate into of polluter, and Andrias davidianus Blanchard is not suitable with living environment and grows relatively slow, and even dead phenomenon occurs；Cylinder utilizes the water inlet big pressure of big flow, causes the nature streams underwater sound, further meets Andrias davidianus Blanchard habit；Pressure and drop again through water increase substantial amounts of oxygen content, the residue simultaneously can also soon Andrias davidianus Blanchard stayed in pond promptly washes away, and allows all preserving in pond as clean as a penny at any time, reduces the infection of Andrias davidianus Blanchard pathogenic bacteria, further improve surviving of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, reduce aquaculture cost；Also by the control of temperature, make Andrias davidianus Blanchard forever there is no hibernation period, improve the speed of growth of Andrias davidianus Blanchard, shorten the cultivation cycle of Andrias davidianus Blanchard；
Feed intake:
Before feeding that Andrias davidianus Blanchard is fed intake, first undertaken food 3 days sterilizing 1 time, continuous sterilizing 4 times, can by bait feeding Andrias davidianus Blanchard；Starting to put in a suitable place to breed Andrias davidianus Blanchard when entering pond, front twice feeding adopts throws something and feeds once in four days, and third time is thrown something and fed once for 2 days, and is fed to seventy percent and satisfies；Until when the 4th feeding, within one day, throwing something and feeding once, it is ensured that material will not be remained after throwing something and feeding；Select to start to feed intake after 43 hours after darkness every time, and do not turn on light；Bait can be converted once at 2 months, it is to avoid bringing into of extraneous pathogenic bacteria, ensure that Andrias davidianus Blanchard will not stop feed because of anorexia simultaneously, meet the habit of hiding by day and coming out at night of Andrias davidianus Blanchard。
Embodiment four
According to embodiment one, embodiment two or embodiment three, when selecting kind of a salamander to put in a suitable place to breed into pond, the group support weight of more than 1 year is selected to be that 160g, 170g, 180g, 190g, 200g, 210g, 220g, 230g, 240g or 250g enter pool cultivated。
Embodiment five
According to embodiment one, embodiment two, embodiment three or embodiment four, in management process, also water level being controlled, when putting Chinese salamander in a suitable place to breed, not fill pond, whole end, the pond, the end that will leave 30x40 centimetre is not submerged；The Andrias davidianus Blanchard of more than 1.5 jin with water lev el control at the back just flooding Andrias davidianus Blanchard。
Embodiment six
According to embodiment one, embodiment two, embodiment three, embodiment four or embodiment five, in management process, the life process of salamander is constantly observed, as observed, salamander has Ascites Disease to be preferably moved in less pond when occurring and goes isolation to take good care of, and invade bubble continuously 2-4 time with gentamycin sulfate water preparation, every day soaks once, invading the bubble time is water of can releasing after 2-3 hour, and ensureing that innermost water level did not all flood the back of Chinese salamander, the 7th day after Chinese salamander returns to one's perfect health starts bait of throwing something and feeding。
Below with the form of form compare this method with of the prior art excellent, inferior position is as follows:
Claims (6)
1. an Andrias davidianus Blanchard high-density breeding method, it is characterised in that:
(1) pond is built: build double-deck culturing pool with reinforced concrete；Whole pond specification is 2m × 2m × 60cm, will fill out as ramped shaped inside pond with cement, and ensures that pond wall is smooth shape, be built into 10-12 bar discharge outlet with the ceramic tile of 40cm × 60cm at the bottom of pond after building up；Outlet below pool wall connects the bend pipe of 90 ° with 50 pipes so that it is can according to water level up-down adjustment outlet height；A reserved pipe across pool wall face at pool wall 1.8m place simultaneously；And on pool wall face, it being provided with 2 water inlets, the height of water each other is 45-55cm；By whole pond with brick become wide 1.3m, high 40cm little pond, and on the line offset plate lid by upper strata, little pond width 1.3m, long 2m, and all fill the water of flowing in pond, upper strata；
(2) kind of a salamander is selected to put pond in a suitable place to breed: after whole pond is built up, after soaking 1-2 with flowing water, clean up whole pond, sterilize whole pond 2-4 time with potassium permanganate again, and select group support 1-2 giant salamander fry, the density that can be paved with whole pond 80%-90% with monolayer is put in a suitable place to breed, and puts the foam two pieces that specification is 1.3m × 0.6m on the face, pond of 2m × 2m；
(3) management: ensureing the upper perennial draingage of culturing pool, its dissolved oxygen amount is at >=3.5mg/L, and pH value is 6.5-7.5；And the total hardness in water and total alkalinity and chloride, sulfate, silicate, ammoniacal nitrogen are measured so that it is less than fishery water standard；Two water inlets on pool wall are opened simultaneously, and discharge wants big, it is desirable to water inlet to have certain pressure so that two water inlets pour in pond with the drop of 45-55 centimetre each other；Long-term water temperature controls at 18-21 DEG C；
(4) feed intake: before feeding that Andrias davidianus Blanchard is fed intake, first undertaken bait 2-3 days sterilizing 1 time, continuous sterilizing 2-4 time, can by bait feeding Andrias davidianus Blanchard；Starting to put in a suitable place to breed Andrias davidianus Blanchard when entering pond, front twice feeding adopts throws something and feeds once in four days, and third time is thrown something and fed once for 2 days, and is fed to seventy percent and satisfies；Until when the 4th feeding, within one day, throwing something and feeding once, it is ensured that material will not be remained after throwing something and feeding；Select to start after 2-4 hour to feed intake after darkness every time, and do not turn on light；Bait is converted once at 2 months；
Described selection kind salamander is put in a suitable place to breed in the step of pond, and the body weight of the giant salamander fry of selection is 150g-250g；
Also water level being controlled in described management process, when putting giant salamander fry in a suitable place to breed, not fill pond, whole end, the pond, the end that will leave 30 × 40 centimetres is not submerged；The Andrias davidianus Blanchard of more than 1.5 jin with water lev el control at the back just flooding Andrias davidianus Blanchard；
In described management process, the life process of Andrias davidianus Blanchard is constantly observed, as observed, Andrias davidianus Blanchard has Ascites Disease to move on to when occurring and goes isolation to take good care of in little pond, and with gentamycin sulfate water preparation continuous dipping 2-4 time, every day soaks once, soak time is water of can releasing after 2-3 hour, and ensures that innermost water level did not all flood the back of giant salamander fry, and the 7th day after giant salamander fry returns to one's perfect health starts bait of throwing something and feeding。
2. Andrias davidianus Blanchard high-density breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the height of water of described water inlet is 50cm。
3. Andrias davidianus Blanchard high-density breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is built into 11 discharge outlet with the ceramic tile of 40cm × 60cm at the bottom of described pond。
4. Andrias davidianus Blanchard high-density breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described whole pond potassium permanganate is sterilized 3 times。
5. Andrias davidianus Blanchard high-density breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described perennial draingage pH value is 7。
6. Andrias davidianus Blanchard high-density breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described long-term water temperature controls at 19-20 DEG C。
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| CN103875597A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-25 | 重庆市益爱大鲵养殖有限公司 | Giant salamander ecology-simulating domestication and breeding method |
| CN104542456A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-29 | 巫溪县菊红水产养殖专业合作社 | Imitative ecological breeding method of giant salamanders |
| CN105875496A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2016-08-24 | 秀山县中润大鲵驯养繁殖有限公司 | Giant salamander culturing method |
| CN105145482A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-16 | 贵州省东方大鲵有限公司 | Andrias male and female natural pairing imitative ecological efficient breeding method |
| CN106332807A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-18 | 吉首大学 | Method for artificially releasing Andrias davidianus larvas |
| CN109169509A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-11 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of method of giant salamander artificial breeding |
| CN110754420B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-12-24 | 浙江师范大学 | Artificial culture method of Andrias davidianus |
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