CN103497752A - 微残留液态速溶压裂液 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种微残留液态速溶压裂液。其特征在于：其组分及配比按重量百分比如下：增稠剂0.3～2.0%、表面活性剂0.1～0.7%、粘土稳定剂0.1～0.8%、破胶剂0.0007%～0.09%、破胶催化剂0.0003～0.0009%，余量为水。该微残留液态速溶压裂液，具有耐温、抗剪切、岩石稳定性好好、压裂液滤失低、提高压裂液效率的优点，在油层和人工裂缝中残留低、悬砂能力强、能实现现场快速配制。
Description
技术领域：
本发明涉及油田采油技术领域一种压裂液，尤其是一种应用于低渗透油层实施大规模压裂的微残留液态速溶压裂液。
背景技术：
大规模压裂技术是目前以及今后低渗透油田有效开发的重要手段，高效率低成本施工才能实现该类油气层的经济有效动用。但针对大规模改造需要压裂液存在很大局限，一是配液工艺复杂，采用常规改性胍胶压裂液配制，添加剂种类多，包括固体及液体添加剂，动用设备多，设备配合难度大，现场配制方式难以保证压裂液质量，而且影响配液效率；二是长时间施工对压裂液悬砂性能要求高；三是由于液量大，配液时间长，制约了施工进度，且如果压裂出现问题无法继续施工则所配好的大量压裂液可能导致浪费。
发明内容：
本发明在于克服背景技术中存在的问题，而提供一种微残留液态速溶压裂液。该微残留液态速溶压裂液，具有耐温、抗剪切、岩石稳定性好好、压裂液滤失低、提高压裂液效率的优点，在油层和人工裂缝中残留低、悬砂能力强、能实现现场快速配制。
本发明解决其问题可通过如下技术方案来达到：该微残留液态速溶压裂液，其组分及配比按重量百分比如下：增稠剂0.3～2.0%、表面活性剂0.1～0.7%、粘土稳定剂0.1～0.8%、破胶剂0.0007%～0.09%、破胶催化剂0.0003～0.0009%，余量为水。
所述增稠剂为部分水解聚丙烯酰胺高分子聚合物；所述表面活性剂为阴离子表面活性剂；所述阴离子表面活性剂由10%环氧乙烷、89%环氧丙烷、1%有机硅聚合而成，聚合度48；所述粘土稳定剂为3%十二烷基氯化铵、5.5%盐酸、2.5%亚硝酸钠复合；所述破胶剂为氧化型破胶剂；所述氧化型破胶剂为过硫酸铵或过硫酸钾；所述破胶催化剂为亚硫酸盐。
本发明微残留液态速溶压裂液，体系的液态增稠剂是由结构型高分子聚合物压裂液增稠剂通过特殊工艺制成的液态聚合物。该增稠剂自身属于结构流体，在溶液中形成可逆的空间网络结构，并形成粘弹性聚合物溶液；而且破胶彻底，无残渣，容易返排，因此，在人工裂缝中残留低，不易在岩石孔隙中滞留，同时因所需添加剂少，故进一步降低了对地层的伤害。
体系的空间网状结构具有较高粘弹性，有别于传统的胍胶压裂液，具有显著悬砂性能。另外，增稠剂为人工合成的结构型聚合物，在溶液中形成二级分子结构，是可逆交联，能随流速改变流形，从而，井筒中高剪切时，液体变稀，摩阻变小；在裂缝内低剪切时，液体增稠，携砂能力增强。
该液态增稠剂遇水快速增粘，显著缩短了固体粉末类胍胶水化、溶胀、分散、溶解、熟化的过程，可实现直接与支撑剂混合形成砂浆。由于无需熟化，因此，无需在车间批量混配，无需现场大量储备，适应大规模压裂进行大液量配制的实际需求，提高了施工效率，并且，即配即用，不用即停，无剩液，避免压裂液浪费，降低施工成本。
本发明与上述背景技术相比较可具有如下有益效果：该微残留液态速溶压裂液，具有耐温、抗剪切、岩石稳定性好好、压裂液滤失低、提高压裂液效率高的优点，通过降低压裂液在油层和人工裂缝的残留，降低压裂液伤害；通过增强体系的粘弹性和自恢复性，提高其长时间悬砂性能；通过其快速增稠作用，实现现场快速配制，在油层和人工裂缝中残留低、悬砂能力强、能实现现场快速配制的特点，解决了低渗透难采储量大规模压裂改造的难题。
附图说明：
附图1P2-3井压裂液流变曲线；
附图2C7-3井施工曲线。
具体实施方式：
下面结合附图将对本发明作进一步说明：
下述实施例所用的表面活性剂、粘土稳定剂的配制：
配制表面活性剂：阴离子表面活性剂由10g环氧乙烷、89g环氧丙烷、1g有机硅聚合而成，聚合度48。
配制粘土稳定剂：30g十二烷基氯化铵、55g盐酸、25g亚硝酸钠复合。
实施例1：
称取0.3g增稠剂、0.1g表面活性剂、0.1g粘土稳定剂、0.001g过硫酸铵、0.0003g亚硫酸钠，100g水混合配制速溶压裂液。
与常规改性胍胶压裂液相比，液态速溶压裂液粘度与改性胍胶压裂液体系的粘度相当时，其悬浮能力远优于改性胍胶压裂液，同一目数的陶粒的沉降速度较胍胶压裂液降低了419倍，见表1。
液态速溶压裂液与改性胍胶压裂液悬砂性能对比表1
实施例2：
称取660kg增稠剂、220kg表面活性剂、440kg粘土稳定剂、33kg过硫酸钾、0.33kg亚硫酸钠，110000kg水混合配制速溶压裂液。
该压裂液应用于C7-3井F4层为特低渗透砂岩储层，深度1241.8～1238.2m，储层中部温度约65℃。应用该压裂液现场施工后，平均砂比达到26%，压裂液返排率达到了72.9%，储层压后产油3.95t/d。施工曲线见图2，施工数据见表2。
C7-3井F4层施工数据表2
实施例3：
称取12800kg增稠剂、4320kg表面活性剂、6400kg粘土稳定剂、800kg过硫酸钾、4.8kg亚硫酸钠，1600000kg水混合配制速溶压裂液。
该压裂液应用于P2-3井，该井为特低渗透砂岩储层，深度1980.0～2100.3m，储层中部温度约80℃。针对该层的压裂液体系在储层温度80℃条件下，剪切1.0h，粘度为76.8mPa.s，能够满足施工的需要，压裂液流变曲线，见图1。P2-3井F4层施工数据如表3，应用该压裂液现场施工后，平均砂比达到30%，压裂液返排率达到了62.9%，储层压后产油10.2t/d，具有较好的压后增产效果。
P2-3井F4层施工数据表3
Claims (8)
1.一种微残留液态速溶压裂液，其组分及配比按重量百分比如下：增稠剂0.3～2.0%、表面活性剂0.1～0.7%、粘土稳定剂0.1～0.8%、破胶剂0.0007%～0.09%、破胶催化剂0.0003～0.0009%，余量为水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的微残留液态速溶压裂液，其特征在于：所述增稠剂为部分水解聚丙烯酰胺高分子聚合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的微残留液态速溶压裂液，其特征在于：所述表面活性剂为阴离子表面活性剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的微残留液态速溶压裂液，其特征在于：所述阴离子表面活性剂由10%环氧乙烷、89%环氧丙烷、1%有机硅聚合而成，聚合度48。
5.根据权利要求1所述的微残留液态速溶压裂液，其特征在于：所述粘土稳定剂为3%十二烷基氯化铵、5.5%盐酸、2.5%亚硝酸钠复合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的微残留液态速溶压裂液，其特征在于：所述破胶催化剂为亚硫酸盐。
7.根据权利要求1所述的微残留液态速溶压裂液，其特征在于：所述破胶剂为氧化型破胶剂。
8.根据权利要求7：所述的微残留液态速溶压裂液，其特征在于：所述氧化型破胶剂为过硫酸铵或过硫酸钾。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104371701A (zh) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-02-25 | 奥菲（北京）石油技术有限公司 | 一种页岩气新型环保返排剂 |
| CN104710973A (zh) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-06-17 | 西北大学 | 一种无残渣聚合物压裂液 |
| CN104845606A (zh) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-08-19 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种适应污水配制的粘弹性聚合物清洁压裂液 |
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| CN101531892A (zh) * | 2009-04-16 | 2009-09-16 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | 超低温超级胍胶压裂液 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104710973A (zh) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-06-17 | 西北大学 | 一种无残渣聚合物压裂液 |
| CN104371701A (zh) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-02-25 | 奥菲（北京）石油技术有限公司 | 一种页岩气新型环保返排剂 |
| CN104845606A (zh) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-08-19 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种适应污水配制的粘弹性聚合物清洁压裂液 |
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