CN103495731B - A kind of selective laser melting prepares the method for pure titanium loose structure - Google Patents
A kind of selective laser melting prepares the method for pure titanium loose structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN103495731B CN103495731B CN201310395502.4A CN201310395502A CN103495731B CN 103495731 B CN103495731 B CN 103495731B CN 201310395502 A CN201310395502 A CN 201310395502A CN 103495731 B CN103495731 B CN 103495731B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method that selective laser melting prepares pure titanium loose structure, comprise the following steps: the threedimensional model of the loose structure of the required preparation of S1, in a computer foundation; S2, to set up threedimensional model carry out layer preprocessing; S3,3D print parameters is set, layered shaping is carried out to threedimensional model, preserve and derive the file of corresponding format; S4, the file of described derivation is imported 3D printing device, carry out 3D printing.A kind of selective laser melting provided by the invention prepares the method for pure titanium loose structure, the metal parts of the loose structure of various macrostructure can be had according to actual requirement manufacture, realize one-shot forming, overcome tradition and process the drawback that mechanical property is unstable, shape is single brought, and improve working (machining) efficiency and economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of loose structure, particularly relate to a kind of method that selective laser melting prepares pure titanium loose structure.
Background technology
Titanium and titanium alloys, owing to having excellent mechanical property and biocompatibility, is widely used in clinical medicine Bone Defect Repari and bone implantation field.But the elastic modelling quantity of fine and close titanium and titanium alloys, far above people's bone modulus, easily causes " stress shielding " effect, cause the problems such as osteonecrosis, distortion and implant loosen.Porous titanium and titanium alloys is owing to having unique pore structure, the performance that the bone sclerous tissues had and be replaced matches, can effectively weaken or the screen effect that eliminates stress, also help simultaneously Gegenbaur's cell grow in hole formed inner-lock-type inlay fixing, promote tissue regeneration and reconstruction.Therefore, porous titanium and titanium alloys has broad application prospects, and becomes current research focus.But the influence factor of traditional porous metal material preparation technology is too much, flow process is complicated, cannot one-shot forming, and ubiquity pore structure can not accurately control, internal void is communicated with the problems such as rate variance.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, be necessary for problems of the prior art, provide a kind of selective laser melting to prepare the method for pure titanium loose structure, solving prior art can not one-time formed problem, more accurately can control the forming dimension of part, realize the one-shot forming of loose structure.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following scheme:
Selective laser melting prepares a method for pure titanium loose structure, comprises the following steps:
The threedimensional model of the loose structure of the required preparation of S1, in a computer foundation;
S2, to set up threedimensional model carry out layer preprocessing, described layer preprocessing comprises determines Print direction, and arranges supporting construction in the bottom of threedimensional model;
S3,3D print parameters is set, layered shaping is carried out to threedimensional model, threedimensional model is resolved into the equal three-dimensional structure of multiple thickness along Print direction, preserve and derive the file of corresponding format;
S4, the file of described derivation is imported 3D printing device, carry out 3D printing.
Preferably, in S3, the thickness of decomposition is 30 ~ 80 μm.
Preferably, in S3, described 3D print parameters comprises the scan mode of the putting position of part, disposing way and laser, sweep speed, power and compensating factor.
Preferably, described sweep speed is 275 ~ 510mm/s, and power is 90 ~ 100W, and compensating factor is 10 ~ 40 μm; Scan mode is ecto-entad.
Preferably, described sweep speed comprises inner scanning speed and outer boundary sweep speed, and wherein, inner scanning speed is 275 ~ 385mm/s, outer boundary scanning 425 ~ 510mm/s.
Preferably, described S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
S401, wait 3D printing device are preheated to condition needed for work;
S402, the file importing 3D printing device of will derive;
S403,3D printing device, according to the print parameters of setting, uses pure titanium material powder to carry out 3D printing in the mode increasing material printing.
Preferably, described 3D printing device is the model that German SLM Solutions Gmbh company produces is the 3D printing device of SLM-125HL.
Preferably, described pure titanium material powder is the pure titanium of secondary, and its powder particle is between 20 ~ 100 μm.
Preferably, in the process of 3D printing device, in the processing cabin of 3D printing device, pass into pure argon as protective gas.
Preferably, in S401, condition needed for described work is that the base station temperature of 3D printing device is not less than 200 DEG C, and in processing cabin, oxygen content is lower than 0.2%.
A kind of selective laser melting provided by the invention prepares the method for pure titanium loose structure, adopt and increase the manufacture that material manufacture method carries out structure, success adopts metal powder material to manufacture loose structure, not by the impact of macroscopic, it is by conputer controlled high energy laser beam scanning pattern, melt powder metal materials under high temperature, and successively pile up, produce solid metal part according to threedimensional model; Also can have the metal parts of the loose structure of various macrostructure according to actual requirement manufacture, realize one-shot forming, overcome tradition and process the drawback that mechanical property is unstable, shape is single brought, and improve working (machining) efficiency and economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is preparation method's flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Fig. 2 is the 3D printing device structural representation used in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is pure titanium loose structure schematic diagram prepared by the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of method that selective laser melting prepares pure titanium loose structure, which employs the model that German SLM Solutions Gmbh company produces is the 3D printing device of SLM-125HL, and the software kit of use is the SLM AutoFab MCS1.1 that carries of this equipment or SLM AutoFab641.8 software.
Described method specifically comprises the following steps:
The threedimensional model of the loose structure of the required preparation of S1, in a computer foundation; According to the required practical structures preparing part, use the engineering drawing software such as such as solidworks, UG, ProE, design and set up the threedimensional model of actual loose structure, and save as STL form.Wherein, the parameter of threedimensional model need be as the criterion with the actual parameter of loose structure, comprises the shape of external entirety, size, Inner structural shape, polygonal side length and wall thickness etc.
S2, to set up threedimensional model carry out layer preprocessing: described layer preprocessing comprises determines Print direction, and arranges supporting construction in the bottom of threedimensional model.Particularly, after determining Print direction, at threedimensional model, supporting construction is set along the bottom of Print direction, and according to circumstances the height of supporting construction, distribution and density degree is designed.
S3,3D print parameters is set, layered shaping is carried out to threedimensional model, preserve and derive the file of corresponding format.Particularly, described 3D print parameters comprises the scan mode of the putting position of part, disposing way and laser, sweep speed, power and compensating factor.Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the inner scanning speed of setting 3D printing device is 275 ~ 385mm/s, and inner scanning power is 90 ~ 100W; Outer boundary sweep speed is 425 ~ 510mm/s, and outer boundary scan power is 90 ~ 100W; Support sweep speed is 425 ~ 500mm/s, and support scan power is 90 ~ 100W; Scan mode is that ecto-entad carries out; The light-dark cycle factor is set as 10 ~ 40 μm; Putting position is determined according to the quantity of institute's processing parts and size, accomplishes not block mutually, non-interference, and makes part horizontal direction become 35 ~ miter angle with the base station direction of motion.
Layered shaping is carried out to threedimensional model, resolves into the equal three-dimensional structure of multiple thickness by threedimensional model along Print direction.Particularly, SLM AutoFab641.8 software is used to carry out layered shaping to the threedimensional model established: along Print direction, this threedimensional model to be divided into the synusia that some thickness are equal, thickness is generally 30 ~ 80 μm, specifically need set according to the granularity of the pure titanium material powder used in 3D printing device.
Finally, preserve and derive with SLM form, described SLM form is the discernible file format of 3D printing device.
S4, the SLM formatted file of described derivation is imported 3D printing device, carry out 3D printing.
In embodiments of the present invention, employing the model that German SLM Solutions Gmbh company produces is that the 3D printing device of SLM-125HL carries out part processing.Shown in composition graphs 2, in described S4, the course of work of 3D printing device specifically comprises the following steps:
S401, wait 3D printing device are preheated to condition needed for work.Preferably, in the process of 3D printing device, can pass into pure argon (purity is 99.999%) as protective gas in processing cabin 2, the passing into of pure argon is operated in the preparatory stage and carries out with regard to needs.Particularly, after checkout facility is without exception, opens argon gas valve, pass into Compressed Gas and opening device; Start SLM AutoFab MCS1.1 software, and leveling substrate 7, make it equal with work chamber 2 bottom surface, start to heat and open the protection gas air inlet 3 in processing cabin 2 and protect gas gas outlet 9.Until the temperature of base station 7 reaches 200 DEG C, processing cabin 2 in oxygen content lower than 0.2% time, namely reach condition needed for work.
S402, the SLM formatted file importing 3D printing device of will derive; Click start button.
S403, according to import file, 3D printing device according to setting print parameters, use pure titanium material powder with increases material printing mode carry out 3D printing.Wherein, the pure titanium material powder used in the embodiment of the present invention is the pure titanium of secondary, and its powder particle is between 20 ~ 100 μm.
Particularly, in processing cabin 2, power spreading device 4 is parked in base station 7 right-hand member, and first power spreading device 4 level is to left movement, by the pure titanium material powder uniform spreading of power spreading device 4 inside delivery on base station 7; The thickness of every Pu Wanyige unit, according to the three-dimensional structure of part model and the parameter of setting, the pure titanium material powder to this layer carries out laser scanning manufacturing to galvanometer system 10; Often process one deck three-dimensional structure, base station 7 moves downward a thickness, and power spreading device 4 level moves right to initial position, again spreads powder, then carries out laser scanning by galvanometer system 10, so repeatedly, until loose structure part 8 machines.Add man-hour, pure titanium material powder (not shown) unnecessary between the cavity in part 8 and processing cabin 2 is reclaimed by recovery bin passage 5,6.
S404, when in power spreading device 4 without pure titanium material powder time, getting back to and the contact position adding powder pipeline 1, being undertaken adding powder operation by adding powder pipeline 1.Add after powder completes and restart to run the work interrupted in S403, until complete.
S405, machine rear equipment and stop voluntarily, begin to cool down function, part 8 can be taken out to normal temperature, part 8 is also separated with supporting construction by last clearing up and processing cabin 2.
After S406, part 8 machine, also can carry out the process such as sandblasting, polishing to part 8 surface according to the actual requirements.
For the remarkable technique effect of the machined parameters generation that the checking embodiment of the present invention provides, inventors performed detailed contrast experiment.Wherein, as shown in Figure 3, concrete correction data as shown in Table 1 for the loose structure prepared in experiment.
Table one
| The aperture (μm) of threedimensional model | 800 | 1000 | 2000 |
| Aperture (μm) under conventional machining parameter | 636 | 720 | 1806 |
| Aperture (μm) under optimizing machining technology parameter | 798±39 | 977±24 | 1968±20 |
Inventor establishes the threedimensional model of three kinds of different size loose structures in an experiment, and uses different machined parameters to process part respectively to contrast.Wherein, in the threedimensional model of the loose structure of three kinds of different sizes, pore wall thickness L is 400 μm, and aperture R is respectively 800 μm, 1000 μm and 2000 μm.In table one, the aperture data producing part are contrasted; Wherein, conventional machining parameter refers to machined parameters conventional in prior art, and the aperture value in table is the part aperture average using the different conventional machining parameter of many groups to process; Optimizing machining technology parameter refers to the machined parameters that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and corresponding aperture value is the part aperture average using the different optimizing machining technology parameter of many groups to process, and meanwhile, also show the error amount in the aperture under optimizing machining technology parameter in table.
Experimentally result is known, at least from aperture this numerically, the aperture of the part using the machined parameters that provides of the embodiment of the present invention to process is more close to the aperture of target three-dimensional, and precision at least improves more than 10%.Be not difficult to find out, the aperture of required processing parts is less simultaneously, and the raising degree of precision is more remarkable.On the whole, the machined parameters that the embodiment of the present invention provides, makes the machining accuracy of pure titanium loose structure improve more than 10%, and more meets the process requirements of minute sized loose structure.
The above embodiment only have expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (6)
1. selective laser melting prepares a method for pure titanium loose structure, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The threedimensional model of the loose structure of the required preparation of S1, in a computer foundation;
S2, to set up threedimensional model carry out layer preprocessing, described layer preprocessing comprises determines Print direction, and arranges supporting construction in the bottom of threedimensional model;
S3,3D print parameters is set, layered shaping is carried out to threedimensional model, threedimensional model is resolved into the equal three-dimensional structure of multiple thickness along Print direction, preserve and derive the file of corresponding format;
S4, the file of described derivation is imported 3D printing device, carry out 3D printing;
In S3, the thickness of decomposition is 30 ~ 80 μm;
In S3, described 3D print parameters comprises the scan mode of the putting position of part, disposing way and laser, sweep speed, power and compensating factor;
Described sweep speed is 275 ~ 510mm/s, and power is 90 ~ 100W, and compensating factor is 10 ~ 40 μm; Scan mode is ecto-entad;
Described sweep speed comprises inner scanning speed and outer boundary sweep speed, and wherein, inner scanning speed is 275 ~ 385mm/s, outer boundary scanning 425 ~ 510mm/s.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
S401, wait 3D printing device are preheated to condition needed for work;
S402, the file importing 3D printing device of will derive;
S403,3D printing device, according to the print parameters of setting, uses pure titanium material powder to carry out 3D printing in the mode increasing material printing.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described 3D printing device is the model that German SLM Solutions Gmbh company produces is the 3D printing device of SLM-125HL.
4. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described pure titanium material powder is the pure titanium of secondary, and its powder particle is between 20 ~ 100 μm.
5. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in the process of 3D printing device, in the processing cabin of 3D printing device, passes into pure argon as protective gas.
6. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in S401, condition needed for described work is that the base station temperature of 3D printing device is not less than 200 DEG C, and in processing cabin, oxygen content is lower than 0.2%.
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