CN103493690A - Mango grafting cap cut-grafting method - Google Patents
Mango grafting cap cut-grafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103493690A CN103493690A CN201310479910.8A CN201310479910A CN103493690A CN 103493690 A CN103493690 A CN 103493690A CN 201310479910 A CN201310479910 A CN 201310479910A CN 103493690 A CN103493690 A CN 103493690A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mango grafting cap cut-grafting method which can improve the grafting survival rate, and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree grafting. The mango grafting cap cut-grafting method comprises the steps of slantly downwards cutting from the lower portion of a bud (3) to form a scion slant cutting face (11), then upwards cutting along a forming layer of a scion (1) from a scion tip part (12) to form a scion long cutting face (13) and a cut scion phloem (14), slantly upwards cutting from one side of a root stock (2) to form a root stock slant cutting face (21), then downwards cutting along a forming layer of the root stock (2) from a root stock tip part (22) to form a root stock long cutting face (23) and a cut root stock phloem (24), pasting the scion long cutting face (13) and the root stock long cutting face (23) together in an aligning mode, wherein the cut phloems are pasted to slant cutting faces respectively, and finally conducting tight sealing and binding to finish the grafting process. The mango grafting cap cut-grafting method is simple and practical, high in survival rate and capable of used in popularization and application of mango seedling nursery stock grafting, top grafting seed exchanging, stem cutting seed exchanging and other aspects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fruit-tree grafting technical field, be specifically related to a kind of mango grafting caping cut-grafting method that improves graft survival rate.
Background technology
At present, the mango grafting method is a lot, general bud grafting method and the whip grafting of adopting on producing.Bud grafting method: stock adopts 1～2 year living seedling; Scion requires the many and eye of leaf bud within full 1～2 year, to give birth to branch and does scion.Method of operating is: in 50 centimetres～60 centimetres eminences of stock, shell one wide approximately 3 centimetres, long 5.5 centimetres, deeply reach the formation layer between xylem and cortex, and excision cortex major part, only stay the end fraction to accept scion; Select the full axil bud of eye in scion, in the appropriate location more than 3 centimetres above or below eye, cut and get the size bud sheet identical with the stock interface, be deep to xylem, then carefully the xylem strip off is removed, only stay the bud sheet; The bud sheet peeled is aimed to the stock grafting mouth, forward put into the leather bag of grafting mouth lower end, then firmly that the scion colligation is tight equably with the plastic film of wide approximately 1 centimetre of left and right, till sealing fully.Whip grafting: whip grafting is divided into cut-grafting, cleft grafting and whip graft etc.Mainly adopt aborning the cut-grafting method: stock adopts 1～2 year living seedling; Adopt the many and eye of leaf bud within full 1～2 year, to give birth to branch and do scion.Its concrete operation method is: at overhead 60 centimetres high, top is cut at more straight position, and clip should tilt a little to a straight side, cuts one in the scarf bottom and is about the otch of 2 centimetres, and the degree of depth is advisable with a little xylem of pruning.Then, cut 2/3 of this cortex, stay the fraction cortex and accept scion; Get the scion close with the stock rugosity, under bud, 1.2 centimeters obliquely amputate, and, at the reverse side approximately cortex of 1.5～2 centimeter length of pruning, deeply reach xylem, then cut out the scion with 2～3 buds; The stock interface is inserted in the scion lower end, and the cortex that makes scion and stock both sides if scion is too small, can tighten the alignment of the cortex of both to pasting with plastic film tape on one side, interface does not stay seam, in order to avoid rainwater infiltration interface.Use the ultrathin membrane colligation, but rudiment rupture of membranes and going out.The problem that above mango grafting method mainly exists is that graft survival rate is not high enough, germinates slow.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of grafting method that improves the mango graft survival rate, i.e. mango grafting caping cut-grafting method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: mango grafting caping cut-grafting method, comprise the cultivation of scion and preparation and the step of carrying out grafting, the scion growth has the bud of sprouting, during grafting, first from the bottom of the bud of sprouting, start oblique to cut the disconnecting fringe and form the scion scarf, formation layer from the scion tip along scion is upwards cut and is formed a seam again, and xylem one side of seam is the long tangent plane of scion, and opposite side is the scion phloem of cutting out;
Upwards cut disconnected stock from a skew back of stock and form the stock scarf, then the formation layer from the stock tip along stock cuts downwards and form a seam, xylem one side of seam is the long tangent plane of stock, and opposite side is the stock phloem of cutting out;
The long tangent plane of scion is alignd and sticks together with the long tangent plane of stock, and the scion phloem of cutting out is attached on the stock scarf, and the stock phloem of cutting out is attached on the scion scarf;
With film, the grafting part of scion and stock is obturaged, then bound the grafting process.
Scion of the present invention is in mango grafting operation, is used for the branch of grafting to the certain-length on stock.It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention needs " cutting the disconnecting fringe under oblique ", therefore naturally also just formed " scion tip "; In like manner, " stock tip " is also due to the stock self-assembling formation of having cut sth. askew.
In addition, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, the present invention will " the scion phloem of cutting out be attached on the stock scarf; the stock phloem of cutting out is attached on the scion scarf ", if the scion phloem length of cutting out is greater than the length of stock scarf, the scion phloem redundance of cutting out can be cut, in like manner, also the scion phloem redundance of cutting out can be cut.
Wherein, in said method, scion is identical with the cross-sectional diameter of stock.
Wherein, in said method, the cross-sectional diameter of scion and stock is 1.5～2.5 centimetres.
Wherein, in said method, the long tangent plane of scion is identical with the length of the long tangent plane of stock.
Wherein, in said method, the angle of scion scarf and scion length direction is 40～50 °, and the angle of stock scarf and stock length direction is 40～50 °.
Wherein, in said method, the cultivation of described scion with prepare to comprise the steps: at first to select the age of tree more than 6 years in the previous year of grafting, the tree body is anosis, trunk is strong, eugonic mango, fill with per month water one time, respectively March, July, October and December organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, and pesticide-germicide; February then in grafting, select healthy anosis, sprouting is full, 1.5～2.5 centimetres of thick branch intercepts of diameter are as scion, long 25～30 centimetres of every section scion, put into plastic sack by scion by the wet towel package bundle standby.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: utilize the inventive method to carry out grafting to mango, having 3 places to form layer joins, be respectively between long tangent plane, between scion scarf and the stock phloem cut out, between stock scarf and the scion phloem cut out, therefore easily produce callus, wind loading rating is strong, and survival rate reaches more than 95%.The inventive method is simple and practical, the aspect wide popularization and application such as seedling grafting, high-grafting and cutting stem of can growing directly from seeds at mango.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The schematic diagram that Fig. 1 is scion in grafting process of the present invention;
Structure and position view that Fig. 2 is scion and stock in grafting process of the present invention.
In figure, be labeled as: scion 1, scion scarf 11, scion tip 12, the long tangent plane 13 of scion, the scion phloem 14 of cutting out, stock 2, stock scarf 21, stock tip 22, the long tangent plane 23 of stock, the stock phloem 24 of cutting out, the bud 3 of sprouting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, mango grafting caping cut-grafting method of the present invention, comprise the cultivation of scion 1 and preparation and the step of carrying out grafting, scion 1 growth has the bud of sprouting 3, during grafting, first from the bottom of the bud 3 of sprouting, start oblique to cut disconnecting fringe 1 and form scion scarf 11, then 1 formation layer is upwards cut and formed a seam from scion tip 12 along scion, xylem one side of seam is the long tangent plane 13 of scion, and opposite side is the scion phloem 14 of cutting out;
Upwards cut disconnected stock 2 from a skew back of stock 2 and form stock scarves 21, then 2 formation layer is cut downwards and formed a seam from stock tip 22 along stock, xylem one side of seam is the long tangent plane 23 of stock, and opposite side is the stock phloem 24 of cutting out;
The long tangent plane 13 of scion is alignd and sticks together with the long tangent plane 23 of stock, and the scion phloem 14 of cutting out is attached on stock scarf 21, and the stock phloem 24 of cutting out is attached on scion scarf 11;
With film, scion 1 and the grafting part of stock 2 are obturaged, then bound the grafting process.
Preferably, in order further to improve graft survival rate, in said method, preferably scion 1 is identical with the cross-sectional diameter of stock 2.
Preferably, scion 1 is 1.5～2.5 centimetres with the cross-sectional diameter of stock 2.
Preferably, in order further to improve graft survival rate, in said method, the long tangent plane 13 of scion is identical with the length of the long tangent plane 23 of stock.
Preferably, for handled easily and improve survival rate, scion scarf 11 is 40～50 ° with the angle of scion 1 length direction, and stock scarf 21 is 40～50 ° with the angle of stock 2 length directions.
Preferably, in order to improve graft survival rate, make grafting bud 3 growths of sprouting afterwards better, the cultivation of described scion 1 with prepare to comprise the steps: at first to select the age of tree more than 6 years in the previous year of grafting, the tree body is anosis, trunk is strong, eugonic mango, fill with per month water one time, respectively March, July, October and December organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, and pesticide-germicide; February then in grafting, select healthy anosis, sprouting is full, 1.5～2.5 centimetres of thick branch intercepts of diameter are as scion 1, every section scion 1 long 25～30 centimetres, put into plastic sack by scion 1 use wet towel package bundle standby.
Preferably, after completing the grafting process, to stock 2 and scion spray insecticide, so that the shoot growth of pumping is better.
Below by embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further, but therefore protection scope of the present invention is not limited among embodiment.
Embodiment mono-use the inventive method grafting mango and the contrast of ordinary bud grafting method
At Panzhihua City Yanbian County Mango Fruit Garden in 2006, select the age of tree more than 6 years, the tree body is anosis, trunk is strong, it is vigorous to grow, the uniform mango of branch, fill with per month water one time, respectively March, July, October and December organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, and pesticide-germicide.In February, 2007, in the mango of selecting, select healthy anosis, sprouting is full, 1.5～2.5 centimetres of diameters are thick, the branch intercept of branching out to 1 meter long left and right is as scion 1, every section scion 1 is grown 25～30 centimetres, scion 1 use wet towel package bundle is put into to plastic sack standby, avoid sunlight directly to shine, be placed on shady and cool place as far as possible.Stock 2 was poured water before one week in grafting.
During grafting, with cross-sectional diameter, identical scion 1 is arranged in pairs or groups with stock 2 as far as possible, the cross-sectional diameter of scion 1 and stock 2 is substantially all 2 centimetres of left and right, first from the bottom of the bud 3 of sprouting, start oblique to cut disconnecting fringe 1 and form the angle of scion scarf 11(scion scarf 11 and scion 1 length direction 45 ° of left and right), from scion tip 12 along scion, 1 formation layer is upwards cut and is formed a seam again, xylem one side of seam is the long tangent plane 13 of scion, and opposite side is the scion phloem 14 of cutting out.Upwards cut disconnected stock 2 from a skew back of stock 2 and form the angle of stock scarf 21(stock scarf 21 and stock 2 length directions 45 ° of left and right), from stock tip 22 along stock, 2 formation layer is cut downwards and is formed a seam (degree of depth of seam is basic identical with the degree of depth of cutting scion 1) again, xylem one side of seam is the long tangent plane 23 of stock, and opposite side is the stock phloem 24 of cutting out.The long tangent plane 13 of scion is alignd and sticks together with the long tangent plane 23 of stock, and the scion phloem 14 of cutting out is attached on stock scarf 21, and the stock phloem 24 of cutting out is attached on scion scarf 11.With film, scion 1 and the grafting part of stock 2 are obturaged, then bound the grafting process, to stock 2 and scion spray insecticide.
Two mu of Mango Fruit Gardens of grafting altogether this time, 110 mangos altogether, approximately 760 scion of grafting altogether, what do not survive only has 19, and survive about 741, survival rate approximately 97.5%.The applicant once adopted the described conventional budding method of background technology, and survival rate only has 84% left and right.Therefore, the present invention compares with conventional grafting method, can greatly improve graft survival rate, is suitable for large scale application.
Claims (6)
1. mango grafting caping cut-grafting method, comprise the cultivation of scion (1) and preparation and the step of carrying out grafting, scion (1) growth has the bud of sprouting (3), it is characterized in that: during grafting, first from the bottom of the bud of sprouting (3), start oblique to cut disconnecting fringe (1) and form scion scarf (11), upwards cut from scion tip (12) along the formation layer of scion (1) and form a seam, xylem one side of seam is the long tangent plane of scion (13), and opposite side is the scion phloem (14) of cutting out;
Upwards cut disconnected stock (2) from a skew back of stock (2) and form stock scarf (21), cut downwards from stock tip (22) along the formation layer of stock (2) again and form a seam, xylem one side of seam is the long tangent plane of stock (23), and opposite side is the stock phloem (24) of cutting out;
The long tangent plane of scion (13) is alignd and sticks together with the long tangent plane of stock (23), and it is upper that the scion phloem (14) of cutting out is attached to stock scarf (21), and the stock phloem (24) of cutting out is attached on scion scarf (11);
With film, scion (1) and the grafting part of stock (2) are obturaged, then bound the grafting process.
2. mango grafting caping cut-grafting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: scion (1) is identical with the cross-sectional diameter of stock (2).
3. mango grafting caping cut-grafting method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: scion (1) is 1.5～2.5 centimetres with the cross-sectional diameter of stock (2).
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described mango grafting caping cut-grafting methods, it is characterized in that: the long tangent plane of scion (13) is identical with the length of the long tangent plane of stock (23).
5. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described mango grafting caping cut-grafting methods, it is characterized in that: scion scarf (11) is 40～50 ° with the angle of scion (1) length direction, and stock scarf (21) is 40～50 ° with the angle of stock (2) length direction.
6. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described mango grafting caping cut-grafting methods, the cultivation that it is characterized in that described scion (1) with prepare to comprise the steps: at first to select the age of tree more than 6 years in the previous year of grafting, the tree body is anosis, trunk is strong, eugonic mango, fill with per month water one time, respectively March, July, October and December organic fertilizer and composite fertilizer, and pesticide-germicide; February then in grafting, select healthy anosis, sprouting is full, 1.5～2.5 centimetres of thick branch intercepts of diameter are as scion (1), long 25～30 centimetres of every section scion (1), put into plastic sack by scion (1) by the wet towel package bundle standby.
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| CN103975777A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-13 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | Method for cultivating distylium racemosum nursery stock |
| CN104396676A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-11 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating big almond landscape tree |
| CN104855203A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-08-26 | 李廷夫 | Top grafting canopy replacement method of red mangoes |
| CN106034760A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-10-26 | 广西***琼达农业科技有限公司 | Method for top grafting of high-quality mango tree on low-quality mango seedling tree |
| CN107047075A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of simple efficient fruit tree exempts to tie up whip grafting |
| CN107820885A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-03-23 | 黄颖 | For improving the engrafting method of peach survival rate |
| CN108040641A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-18 | 黄颖 | The implantation methods of pear tree |
| CN108040714A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-18 | 黄颖 | The high-survival rate engrafting method of apple tree |
| CN108112365A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-06-05 | 黄颖 | Actinidia tree engrafting method |
| CN109076858A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-25 | 田东县文设芒果专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method improving mango quality |
| CN109197309A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2019-01-15 | 广西田阳县创新农业综合开发有限公司 | A kind of mango engrafting method |
| CN109197324A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-15 | 田东县文设芒果专业合作社 | The breeding method of one tree multi items mango |
| CN110506522A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-11-29 | 河南省林业科学研究院 | A kind of wax plum grafting of tender branch method |
| CN112970446A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-06-18 | 祝金 | Octagonal grafting method adopting six-blade double-cutting grafting with leaves |
| CN114402823A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-29 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Mango seedling grafting method |
| CN114679969A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-07-01 | 贵州省林业科学研究院 | Grafting method of gleditsia sinensis |
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| CN103975777A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-13 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | Method for cultivating distylium racemosum nursery stock |
| CN103975777B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2016-03-02 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | The female nursery stock cultivating method of a kind of Chinese line |
| CN104396676A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-11 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating big almond landscape tree |
| CN104855203A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-08-26 | 李廷夫 | Top grafting canopy replacement method of red mangoes |
| CN106034760A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-10-26 | 广西***琼达农业科技有限公司 | Method for top grafting of high-quality mango tree on low-quality mango seedling tree |
| CN107047075A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of simple efficient fruit tree exempts to tie up whip grafting |
| CN108040714A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-18 | 黄颖 | The high-survival rate engrafting method of apple tree |
| CN108040641A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-18 | 黄颖 | The implantation methods of pear tree |
| CN107820885A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-03-23 | 黄颖 | For improving the engrafting method of peach survival rate |
| CN108112365A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-06-05 | 黄颖 | Actinidia tree engrafting method |
| CN109197309A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2019-01-15 | 广西田阳县创新农业综合开发有限公司 | A kind of mango engrafting method |
| CN109076858A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-25 | 田东县文设芒果专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method improving mango quality |
| CN109197324A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-15 | 田东县文设芒果专业合作社 | The breeding method of one tree multi items mango |
| CN110506522A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-11-29 | 河南省林业科学研究院 | A kind of wax plum grafting of tender branch method |
| CN112970446A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-06-18 | 祝金 | Octagonal grafting method adopting six-blade double-cutting grafting with leaves |
| CN114679969A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-07-01 | 贵州省林业科学研究院 | Grafting method of gleditsia sinensis |
| CN114402823A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-29 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Mango seedling grafting method |
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