CN103487843B - Underwater amount measuring method based on resistivity imaging technology - Google Patents
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- CN103487843B CN103487843B CN201310469670.3A CN201310469670A CN103487843B CN 103487843 B CN103487843 B CN 103487843B CN 201310469670 A CN201310469670 A CN 201310469670A CN 103487843 B CN103487843 B CN 103487843B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater amount measuring method based on a resistivity imaging technology. A high density resistivity method is used, a connecting well electrical connecting test is conducted on measured wells which are in the same line, and a rho s contour line cross section diagram is drawn; meanwhile, measuring methods such as a geophysical well logging method and a sound wave method are used, according to the corresponding relation of a stratum and an electrical layer, a systematic observation method with ground measuring and well measuring combined is used, a research area three-dimensional resistivity imaging diagram is mapped, a splattering precise value in a traditional method is improved to a precision value of a connecting line profile, the underwater amount is calculated accordingly, and the accuracy of measuring of the underwater amount can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of groundwater run off measuring method based on resistivity imaging technology, belong to underground water measure of water technical field.
Background technology
Groundwater resource are important component parts of nature water circulation system, and the exploration of groundwater resources amount is to analysis and research district's hydrogeological condition and Water Resources Allocation and evaluate all important in inhibitings.The method that groundwater evaluation is the most often used is hydrologic(al) budget method, but hydrologic(al) budget method can only reflect supply and the excretion of underground water, the actual total amount that can not reflect groundwater resource, many underground water surveying engineerings, as often need the to analyze and research total reserves of district's underground water such as the excavation project groundwater run off such as subway, tunnel, building calculates, the instream flow estimate of Mountain Area water detection engineering, this need to use hydrogeological physical prospecting and hydrogeological drilling investigation method.
Hydrogeology physical prospecting is of many uses, has the advantages such as cost is low, speed is fast, is mainly used in detection study district Tectonic Rock Mass and moisture performance etc.Hydrogeology geophysical prospecting method kind is a lot, and conventional have ground physical prospecting and geophysical well logging two classes, and wherein, the resistivity method in the physical prospecting of ground, because cost is low, strong adaptability, becomes the method for the most generally using in the physical prospecting of hydrogeological ground.Resistivity method, by measuring the resistivity of rock, is analyzed the hydrogeological characteristics of inferring geologic body, but this method only can be done rough description to geologic condition, is used for arid area and Mountain Area water detection; Geophysical well logging be by geophysical exploration method for wellhole, research wellhole section and wellhole geological condition around, can be used for the lithology layering of borehole sections, correct for borehole data, judgement water-bearing zone and definite hydrogeological parameter etc.Hydrogeological drilling is the most direct exploration means of underground water exploration, but because this method cloth hole is complicated, constructional difficulties, length consuming time, cost is high, needs prudent especially when application.
The common method that groundwater reserve is measured is at present engineering geophysics and Mining Test method, first by physical prospecting resistivity method, checks geological state, the confirmation that offsets a well, and according to borehole dewatering, test uses gram Li Jinfa interpolation fitting to analyze groundwater resource reserves.Because the degree of accuracy of physical prospecting resistivity method is not high, accurately the geological condition in image study district, is only used as the qualitative analysis to study area geological state before drilling measuring conventionally, can not be for the analytical calculation of underground water water cut; The precision of bailing test is higher, but the high process of cost is complicated, need a large amount of preliminary work, the locality of drilling well also makes the calculating of underground water water cut mostly be loose some estimated value, the distribution situation that can not reflect on the whole underground water, in addition, conventional groundwater run off measuring method is not considered the impact of porosity on groundwater run off, and groundwater run off measuring accuracy is not high.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of groundwater run off measuring method based on resistivity imaging technology, the method economy and facility, can improve the accuracy that groundwater run off is measured significantly.
Technical scheme: a kind of groundwater run off measuring method based on resistivity imaging technology, utilize existing well logging in study area as far as possible, if well logging quantity can not reflect the geological condition of whole study area not, consider newly-increased drilling well.According to the drilling core data of existing well logging and newly-increased well logging, the geology distribution situation in preliminary judgement well logging district.
The systematic observation method of taking ground to combine with borehole measurement.
Ground survey system adopts High Density Resistivity.
Adopt High Density Resistivity to do and connect well electrical testing inspection the well logging of being aligned, draw ρ
sisoline sectional drawing.High Density Resistivity principle is identical with resistivity method, but this method is provided with the observation station of higher density in observation, adopt many normal sondes, and set up data acquisition system (DAS), measurement mechanism is by unusual symmetrical four utmost point devices, dipole device and the differential attachment etc. of being divided into of configuration of electrodes, on measuring method and instrument, also take some measures, made the precision of data high, strong interference immunity.In connecting well electrometric experiment, (potential electrode is apart from general desirable 1～5m according to known geologic information, to select suitable spread of electrodes, according to resistivity imaging situation, can appropriately adjust, for conventional symmetry four utmost point devices, transmitting electrode distance is generally chosen 5～10 times of cover thickness, potential electrode apart from generally choose transmitting electrode distance 1/3～1/5), many current potentials of straight line department of electrical engineering on well logging connecting line, with polycore cable, electrode is connected to patching panel, by program control type electrode automatic switch and digitally enhanced resistivity meter, observe step by step, and with computing machine and plotting apparatus, can draw out the ρ of well logging line section
ssectional view and ρ
sisoline sectional drawing.
Borehole measurement system adopts electrical logging and sonic method.
Adopt electrical logging to measure the apparent resistivity ρ of existing well logging
s, by instrument and equipment such as winch, well head pulleys, along borehole axis, put into transmitting electrode and potential electrode, measure potential difference (PD) Δ U and supply current I between electrode, according to electrical properties, calculate the apparent resistivity ρ that surveys
ssize, draw well logging apparent resistivity ρ
scurve, according to well logging apparent resistivity ρ
scurve is divided stratum, mutually verifies with drilling core data, obtains comparatively accurate log strata division image and apparent resistivity ρ
scurve, and using that this adjusts ρ of High Density Resistivity as definite boundary condition
sisoline sectional drawing, to irrational apparent resistivity ρ
scurve carries out translation and matching, guarantees apparent resistivity ρ
scurve links up smoothly at boundary.
After electrical measuring method is measured, utilize the aboveground device of electrical measuring method that the subsurface equipment of acoustic velocity logging is put into borehole axis, difference according to acoustic wave propagation velocity in rock, rock skeleton and hole liquid, by measurement pinger in the Different Strata such as rock, rock skeleton and hole liquid, send sound wave and receive the sound wave time used to receiver, calculate the porosity φ of ground water aquifer.
The line well logging of laying some intersections in study area, makes well logging cover whole study area, takes identical investigation method to draw the three-dimensional ρ of whole study area
sisoline sectional drawing, the apparent resistivity ρ of each rocks
snumerical range can check on exploration handbook, and underground water can cause rock stratum ρ
sobviously reducing of value, according to ρ
son isoline sectional drawing, the distribution range of low-resistance region can judge thickness h and the scope A in water-bearing zone, calculates thus the volume V of ground water aquifer, thereby draws underground water content V
s=V φ η, wherein η is underground water pressure-bearing coefficient, for water table aquifer η=1, for confined aquifer η, is to exceed the pressure head height (m) pushing up on bearing course.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, groundwater run off measuring method based on resistivity imaging technology provided by the invention, utilize the High Density Resistivity in hydrogeological geophysical prospecting method, the measuring method such as Log Methods and sonic method, corresponding relation according to stratum with electrical layer, the systematic observation method of taking ground to combine with borehole measurement, draw the three-dimensional apparent resistivity image in study area, improved tradition to put the measuring method of determining face, realization is determined face with line, simultaneously, adopt sonic method to measure the porosity φ of underground reservoir, according to underground water pressure-bearing situation, calculate pressure-bearing coefficient η, thereby draw local ground watering content V
s=V φ η.Calculate accordingly underground water content, can improve significantly the accuracy that groundwater run off is measured, and method economy and facility, need the Measuring Time of use and manpower few, can greatly reduce measurement cost.In addition,, in conjunction with wellhole Pumping Test Data, further evaluation region can recovery of subterranean water resource.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the groundwater run off measuring method process flow diagram based on resistivity imaging technology;
Fig. 2 is measurement mechanism schematic diagram under symmetrical four utmost points, dipole and 3 kinds of configuration of electrodes of difference;
Fig. 3 is ground, study area survey line and well logging location map;
Fig. 4 is the study area ρ of High Density Resistivity actual measurement
ssectional view;
Fig. 5 is for connecting well electrical testing inspection and electrical logging gained containing border ρ
sisoline sectional drawing;
Fig. 6 is the three-dimensional ρ in study area
sisoline sectional drawing;
Fig. 7 is water-bearing zone, study area three-dimensional imaging figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention, should understand these embodiment is only not used in and limits the scope of the invention for the present invention is described, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims limited range to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the groundwater run off measuring method based on resistivity imaging technology is utilized existing well logging in study area as far as possible, if well logging quantity can not reflect the geological condition of whole study area not, considers newly-increased drilling well.According to the drilling core data of existing well logging and newly-increased well logging, the geology distribution situation in preliminary judgement well logging district.
The systematic observation method of taking ground to combine with borehole measurement.
Ground survey system adopts High Density Resistivity.
Adopt High Density Resistivity, the well logging of being aligned is done and connected well electrical testing inspection, draw ρ
sisoline sectional drawing.High Density Resistivity principle is identical with resistivity method, but this method is provided with the observation station of higher density in observation, adopts many normal sondes, and set up data acquisition system (DAS), on measuring method and instrument, also take some measures, made the precision of data high, strong interference immunity.In connecting well electrometric experiment, according to known geologic information, select suitable spread of electrodes, many current potentials of straight line department of electrical engineering on well logging connecting line, with polycore cable, electrode is connected to patching panel, by equipment such as program control type electrode automatic switch and digitally enhanced resistivity meters, observe step by step, and with computing machine and plotting apparatus, can draw out the ρ of well logging line section
ssectional view and ρ
sisoline sectional drawing.
Borehole measurement system adopts electrical logging and sonic method.
Adopt electrical logging to measure the apparent resistivity ρ of existing well logging
s, by instrument and equipment such as winch, well head pulleys, along borehole axis, put into transmitting electrode and potential electrode, measure potential difference (PD) Δ U and supply current I between potential electrode, according to electrical properties, calculate the apparent resistivity ρ that surveys
ssize, draw well logging apparent resistivity ρ
scurve, according to well logging apparent resistivity ρ
scurve is divided stratum, mutually verifies, and using that this adjusts ρ of High Density Resistivity as definite boundary condition with drilling core data
sisoline sectional drawing.
Can be after electrical measuring method be measured, utilize the aboveground device of electrical measuring method that the subsurface equipment of acoustic velocity logging is put into borehole axis, by measurement pinger in the Different Strata such as rock, rock skeleton and hole liquid, send sound wave and receive the sound wave time used to receiver, calculate the porosity φ of ground water aquifer.
The line well logging of laying some intersections in study area, makes well logging cover whole study area, takes identical investigation method to draw the three-dimensional ρ of whole study area
sisoline sectional drawing, the apparent resistivity ρ of each rocks
snumerical range can check on exploration handbook, and underground water can cause rock stratum ρ
sobviously reducing of value, according to waiting ρ
son sectional drawing, the distribution range of low-resistance region can judge thickness h and the scope A in water-bearing zone, calculates thus the volume V of ground water aquifer.According to underground water pressure-bearing situation, calculate pressure-bearing coefficient η, for water table aquifer η=1, for confined aquifer η, be to exceed the pressure head height (m) pushing up on bearing course, thereby draw underground water content V
s=V φ η.
High Density Resistivity measurement mechanism is by unusual symmetrical four utmost point devices, dipole device and the differential attachment etc. of being divided into of configuration of electrodes, and its principle of work is as shown in each component in Fig. 2.C in Fig. 2
1, C
2for transmitting electrode, P
1, P
2for potential electrode, in actual measurement process, pass through transmitting electrode C
1, C
2to underground power supply, by measuring distance and the potential difference (PD) between each electrode, substitution point source electric field current potential expression formula
can calculate apparent resistivity ρ
s.
In known study area, have 5 equally distributed well logging wellholes, label is wellhole 1,2,3,4,5 respectively, and as Fig. 3, the drill core data of well logging shows study area stability of groundwater level, and stratigraphic distribution is comparatively complicated.Traditional bailing test is calculated groundwater run off only can obtain loose some exact value, then uses gram Li Jinfa interpolation to estimate the groundwater run off in whole region, for complex-terrain precision, often cannot meet the demands.
The wellhole of logging well in Fig. 31,2,3, adopts High Density Resistivity point-blank, selects symmetrical four utmost point devices, according to geologic information, chooses spread of electrodes ρ
s=5m, on the connecting line survey line 1 of well logging wellhole 1,2,3, straight line electrode is done and is connected well electrical testing inspection, with polycore cable, electrode is connected to patching panel, observes step by step, and with computing machine and plotting apparatus, draw out the ρ of the line section of logging well by measuring system
ssectional view and ρ
sisoline sectional drawing, is shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, and wherein, Fig. 4 is High Density Resistivity actual measurement apparent resistivity ρ
ssectional view, in figure, horizontal ordinate 15-43 measuring point is border, study area, the survey line two ends of high-density electric will exceed study area scope to be measured, to guarantee ρ in study area
ssectional integrality, according to low-resistance region distribution range, judgement top darker regions is water-bearing zone; Fig. 5 is study area apparent resistivity ρ
sisoline sectional drawing, well logging 1,2,3 lays respectively at horizontal ordinate 18,29,40 measuring point places, and section depth is chosen the degree of depth that fully comprises water-bearing zone, and in Fig. 5, section depth is 38.8m.
On the basis of High Density Resistivity, adopt electrical logging to measure the apparent resistivity ρ of well logging 1,2,3
s, by instrument and equipment such as winch, well head pulleys, along borehole axis, put into transmitting electrode and potential electrode, measure potential difference (PD) Δ U and supply current I between electrode, according to electrical properties, can calculate apparent resistivity
in formula, K is K factor, and method is obtained by experiment.Draw well logging apparent resistivity ρ
scurve, according to apparent resistivity logging ρ
scurve is divided stratum, mutually verifies with drilling core data, obtains comparatively accurate log strata division image and apparent resistivity ρ
svalue, as Fig. 5, and usings that this adjusts ρ of High Density Resistivity as boundary condition
sisoline sectional drawing, to irrational apparent resistivity ρ
scurve carries out translation and matching, guarantees apparent resistivity ρ
scurve links up smoothly at boundary.In example at matching apparent resistivity ρ
son curve, newly play some well loggings and verify, all obtained the better effect than tradition gram Li Jinfa, confirm the High Density Resistivity actual measurement ρ after electrical logging is adjusted
scurve has higher degree of accuracy.
After electrical measuring method is measured, utilize the aboveground device of electrical measuring method that the subsurface equipment of acoustic velocity logging is put into borehole axis, by measurement pinger in the Different Strata such as rock, rock skeleton and hole liquid, send sound wave and receive sound wave time Δ T, Δ T used to receiver
m, Δ T
f, calculate sound wave and in respective substance, propagate 1m Δ t of needed time, Δ t
m, Δ t
f, calculate porosity φ=17.23% of ground water aquifer.
The resistivity value scope of getting water-bearing zone, study area soil sample measurement dry ground is ρ
s=250～500 Ω m, according to underground water to rock stratum ρ
sthe impact of value, determines with ρ
sthe low-resistance region that=239.7 Ω m are border is water-bearing zone scope, demarcate thickness h and the scope A in water-bearing zone, as Fig. 6, in study area, lay the line side well of some intersections, well logging covers whole study area, for example will log well 2,4,5 is connected, and takes identical investigation method to draw the three-dimensional ρ of whole study area
sisoline sectional drawing, as shown in Figure 7, what in three-dimensional plot, show is the up-and-down boundary in water-bearing zone, integrating meter is calculated the volume V=89293m in water-bearing zone thus
3, study area ground water aquifer is table water aquifer, thus underground water pressure-bearing coefficient η=1, thus draw underground water content V
s=V φ η=15385m
3.
For the superiority of checking the inventive method, the well logging of 5 of study areas is done to pumping of group wells test, according to bailing test result, study area specific yield is 0.15, exploitation of groundwater resources is 1381m
3, the underground water total amount of estimation is 9207m
3, water-bearing zone, study area excavation soil sample is done to soil test and measure water percentage, and add up excavated volume and pump-out, calculating the actual groundwater resources amount in study area is 15887m
3.Through comparing, the groundwater run off measuring method based on resistivity imaging technology provided by the invention has higher degree of accuracy, and compares with classic method, more economical easy row.
Claims (3)
1. the groundwater run off measuring method based on resistivity imaging technology, is characterized in that:
The systematic observation method of taking ground to combine with borehole measurement; Ground survey system adopts High Density Resistivity;
Adopt High Density Resistivity to do and connect well electrical testing inspection the well logging of being aligned, draw ρ
sisoline sectional drawing; In connecting well electrometric experiment, according to known geologic information, select suitable spread of electrodes, on the straight line of well logging connecting line, arrange many current potentials department of electrical engineering, with polycore cable, electrode is connected to patching panel, by program control type electrode automatic switch and digitally enhanced resistivity meter equipment, observe step by step, and with computing machine and plotting apparatus, can draw out the ρ of well logging line section
ssectional view and ρ
sisoline sectional drawing;
The selection of described suitable spread of electrodes is specially: potential electrode is apart from desirable 1～5m, according to resistivity imaging situation, can appropriately adjust, for conventional symmetry four utmost point devices, transmitting electrode distance is generally chosen 5～10 times of cover thickness, and potential electrode is apart from generally choosing 1/3～1/5 of transmitting electrode distance;
On the basis of High Density Resistivity, borehole measurement system adopts electrical logging and sonic method;
Adopt electrical logging to measure the apparent resistivity ρ of well logging
s, along borehole axis, put into transmitting electrode and potential electrode, measure potential difference (PD) between potential electrode
Δu and supply current I, calculate according to electrical properties the apparent resistivity ρ that surveys
ssize, draw well logging apparent resistivity ρ
scurve, according to well logging apparent resistivity ρ
scurve is divided stratum, mutually verifies with drilling core data, obtains comparatively accurate log strata division image and apparent resistivity ρ
scurve, and using that this adjusts ρ of High Density Resistivity as definite boundary condition
sisoline sectional drawing, to irrational apparent resistivity ρ
scurve carries out translation and matching, guarantees apparent resistivity ρ
scurve links up smoothly at boundary.
2. the groundwater run off measuring method based on resistivity imaging technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: after electrical measuring method is measured, utilize the aboveground device of electrical measuring method that the subsurface equipment of acoustic velocity logging is put into borehole axis, difference according to acoustic wave propagation velocity in rock, rock skeleton and hole liquid, by measurement pinger in the Different Strata such as rock, rock skeleton and hole liquid, send sound wave and receive the sound wave time used to receiver, calculate the porosity φ of ground water aquifer.
3. the groundwater run off measuring method based on resistivity imaging technology as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the line well logging of laying some intersections in study area, make well logging cover whole study area, take identical system investigation method to draw the three-dimensional ρ of whole study area
sisoline sectional drawing, the apparent resistivity ρ of each rocks
snumerical range can check on exploration handbook, and underground water can cause rock stratum ρ
sobviously reducing of value, according to ρ
son isoline sectional drawing, the distribution range of low-resistance region can judge thickness h and the scope A in water-bearing zone, calculates thus the volume V of ground water aquifer; The pressure-bearing situation in judgement water-bearing zone, calculates underground water pressure-bearing coefficient η, for water table aquifer η=1, is to exceed the pressure head height (m) pushing up on bearing course, thereby draws underground water content V for confined aquifer η
s=V φ η.
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| CN105652329B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-03-20 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | A kind of method and apparatus assessed roof and regard water yield |
| CN107387074A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-11-24 | 吉林大学 | Well method is determined in a kind of nine family hall for worshipping Buddha group rock group water detections |
| CN108562940A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-09-21 | 广西伯乐电子科技有限公司 | A kind of intelligent accurate spy water system based on Internet of Things |
| CN112485829B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2023-05-09 | 中铁四局集团第五工程有限公司 | Method for calculating dynamic water content by resistivity method |
| CN113516347B (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-01-14 | 江苏省地质调查研究院 | Groundwater quality assessment method based on geophysical and hydrological data fusion |
| CN114137619B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-09-23 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Exploration method and system for pegmatite dikes |
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| CN101373220A (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2009-02-25 | 杨佃俊 | Ground water duplex electric testing method |
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