CN103478450B - Compound feed used in penaeus vannamei farming later stage - Google Patents
Compound feed used in penaeus vannamei farming later stage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound feed used in a penaeus vannamei farming later stage, which is suitable for penaeus vannamei in a feeding and farming later stage. The compound feed comprises fish meal, high gluten flour, bean pulp, peanut meal, fish oil, soybean lecithin oil, sleeve-fish ointment, yeast cream, shrimp meal, mineral substances, calcium dihydrogenphosphate, choline chloride and multi-vitamins. The compound feed has the advantages that 1, the compound feed has comprehensive nutrition, is rich in various necessary protein sources, microelements, special mineral substances, vitamins and the like and meets the requirements of penaeus vannamei in the farming growth later stage on various nutritional ingredients; 2, the compound feed has good palatability, the feed conversion ratio is high, and as raw materials and additives with good palatability properties such as the yeast cream, the sleeve-fish ointment, the shrimp meal and a phagostimulant are added to the compound feed, the ingestion and the growth of the penaeus vannamei can be promoted; 3, the compound feed has good stability in water and little pollution to aquatic water, and as the high gluten flour is added to the compound feed, the formation and the stability of the feed product are facilitated, and the pollution to the aquatic water is reduced; 4, the compound feed is environment-friendly.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to aquatic product matched field of fodder, particularly relates to culture of Penaeus vannamei later stage mixed feed.
Background technology Penaeus Vannmei is commonly called as white limb shrimp, white shrimp, South America shrimp etc.China introduces Penaeus Vannmei seedling in 1988 from the U.S., and is successfully made productive receivers and cultivation in 1994.Penaeus Vannmei is individual large, resistance against diseases and adaptable, and fast growth, can cultivate in Low-salinity and fresh water, out-of-water survival time is long, and meat flavour is delicious, processes dressing percentage higher.Penaeus Vannmei has now become one of main aquaculture product, extensively cultivates on China Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian and other places.
Research about penaeus vannamei boone feed has more report.Patent name is " a kind of litopenaeus vannamei compound feed ", and the patent No. is the Chinese invention patent of CN200910040783.5; Patent name is " environmental protection feed stuff for seedling stage of southern American white prawn ", the patent No. is the Chinese invention patent of CN200710028844.7, patent name is " a kind of Special feed for penaeus vannamei breeding and preparation method thereof ", and the patent No. is that the Chinese invention patent etc. of CN201110316524.8 discloses the technical scheme about penaeus vannamei boone feed characteristic separately.But existing penaeus vannamei boone feed attractant, balanced in nutrition in be also weak, so the present invention have developed a kind of selection by raw material and proportioning thereof, make the penaeus vannamei boone feed of preparation in balanced in nutrition, attractant, shelling growth promotion etc., have unique technical characterstic.
Because Penaeus Vannmei is at different growth and development stage, its nutritional requirement also also exists larger difference, therefore in the cultivation of Penaeus Vannmei, generally according to the different cultivation stages, the various raw materials of artifical compound feed are carried out different scientific matching and forms different mixed feeds.
Summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of production cost low and cultivates the higher culture of Penaeus vannamei later stage mixed feed being suitable for cultivating later stage of Penaeus Vannmei quality.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: culture of Penaeus vannamei later stage mixed feed, and be suitable for the Penaeus Vannmei of feeding cultivation later stage, namely body length is at the Penaeus Vannmei of more than 8.0cm, and its component and weight percentage comprise:
| Fish meal | 15%～25% |
| Strong flour | 20%～24% |
| Dregs of beans | 20%～35% |
| Peanut meal | 12%～16% |
| Fish oil | 2%～4% |
| Soyabean lecithin oil | 1%～2.5% |
| Squid liver paste | 1%～3% |
| Yeast extract | 1%～3% |
| shrimp med | 2% ~ 5% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 2% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2%. |
In culture of Penaeus vannamei later stage mixed feed prepared by the present invention, fish meal mainly provides protein sources and energy, and plays good food calling effect.Due to the Penaeus Vannmei that cultivates later stage to the requirement of protein than cultivation early stage and mid-term stage low, the content of the fish meal therefore in the present invention is low relative to the content of other stage Penaeus Vannmeis, be 15% ~ 25%, when its content is greater than 25%, feed cost strengthens, when being less than 15%, feed conversion rate reduces.
The gross protein value of Strong flour is 12% ~ 15%, and wet gluten value, more than 35%, to be compared with Self-raising flour with Plain flour and had better bond effect.Strong flour is mainly used for being beneficial to raw mixture shaping particles when granulating and the good stability of tool, when its content is greater than 24%, the crude protein of feed is reduced, then particle water stability reduction when being less than 20%.
Dregs of beans, peanut meal mainly provide protein sources and energy, and for Substitute For Partial animal protein, during too high levels, feed conversion rate declines.
Fish oil mainly provides essential fatty acid and energy, and plays food calling effect.Require all can increase to the technological requirement, feed storage etc. of product when it adds excessive, and when adding not enough, the function such as energy, food calling of feed all declines.
Soyabean lecithin oil mainly provides energy, can promote shrimp body digesting and assimilating feed, requires all can increase to the technological requirement, feed storage etc. of product when it adds excessive, and when adding not enough, the energy of feed, the function such as to digest and assimilate and all declines.
Squid liver paste adopts squid viscera, makes, have stronger food calling effect to Penaeus Vannmei through techniques such as high temperature, sterilizing, separation, oven dry, and adding excessively can affect feeding quality safety.
Yeast extract uses specific fresh yeast, adopts biotechnology to make, and interior have strong food calling composition containing free amino acid, nucleotides etc., can strengthen immunity, improves resisting stress level.
Shrimp med mainly provides protein sources, and has good food calling performance, adds too high meeting and causes cost to increase.
Mineral matter, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride and multidimensional etc., all as additive, play the effect of extra-nutrition, provide Penaeus Vannmei necessary trace element, and promote the metabolism of shrimp body, its addition is all not high.
Above-mentioned various raw material components all can commercially be purchased.
For extending service time of feed prepared by the present invention, can add antioxidant in material composition of the present invention, its weight percentage in mixed feed is 0.02%.Antioxidant adopts ethoxyquinoline, is mainly used in preventing the raw material in feed as oxidized in protein, fat.
For making product efficacy of the present invention better, separately can add phagostimulant, mainly dimethyl-β-DMPT DMPT, can effectively promote ingesting of Penaeus Vannmei in its raw material components, its weight percentage in mixed feed is 0.2%; Another interpolation shelling element, its weight percentage in mixed feed is 0.1%, mainly containing β-ecdysteroid, sterol and cryptosterol etc., for promoting that Penaeus Vannmei shells growth smoothly.
Preferably, each component of culture of Penaeus vannamei later stage mixed feed of preparing of the present invention and weight percentage are:
| fish meal | 15% ~ 25% |
| strong flour | 20% ~ 24% |
| dregs of beans | 20% ~ 35% |
| peanut meal | 12% ~ 16% |
| fish oil | 2% ~ 4% |
| soyabean lecithin oil | 1% ~ 2.5% |
| squid liver paste | 1% ~ 3% |
| yeast extract | 1% ~ 3% |
| shrimp med | 2% ~ 5% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 2% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2% |
| antioxidant | 0.02% |
| phagostimulant | 0.2% |
| shelling element | 0.1%. |
Warp is in same plant, and under identical management mode condition, adopt the culture of Penaeus vannamei later stage mixed feed phagostimulating effect of following raw material components and content good, water stability is best, and economic benefit is best, and culture efficiency is best.
| Fish meal | 20% |
| Strong flour | 20% |
| Dregs of beans | 30% |
| Peanut meal | 12% |
| Fish oil | 2.18% |
| Soyabean lecithin oil | 2% |
| squid liver paste | 2% |
| yeast extract | 2.5% |
| shrimp med | 6% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 1.5% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2% |
| antioxidant | 0.02% |
| phagostimulant | 0.2% |
| shelling element | 0.1%. |
Culture of Penaeus vannamei later stage mixed feed of the present invention, has the following advantages compared with feed similar with other;
1, comprehensive nutrition: product is rich in various indispensable protein source, trace element, special minerals and vitamins etc., meets the demand of culture of Penaeus vannamei late growing stage stage to various nutritional labeling.
2, attractant is good, and feed conversion rate is high: the present invention with the addition of raw material and the additive that yeast extract, squid liver paste, shrimp med, phagostimulant DMPT etc. have good food calling performance, can promote that Penaeus Vannmei is ingested and grows.
3, water stability is good, pollutes few: the present invention with the addition of high refined flour to breeding water body, is conducive to feed product shaping and stable, can ensures that product soaks in water and not scatter for more than 2.5 hours, reduce the pollution to breeding water body.
4, green non-pollution: the Penaeus Vannmei growth of product of the present invention of ingesting is fast, and the features such as anti-stress ability is strong, and shrimp body is healthy, medication is few, for this enterprise and raiser bring higher economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Accompanying drawing illustrates that the present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
Fig. 1 is the production technological process of culture of Penaeus vannamei later stage mixed feed prepared by the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention percentage herein all refers to percetage by weight; Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Culture of Penaeus vannamei later stage mixed feed of the present invention, be suitable for the Penaeus Vannmei of feeding cultivation later stage, namely body length is at the Penaeus Vannmei of more than 8.0cm, and its component and weight percentage comprise:
| Fish meal | 15%～25% |
| Strong flour | 20%～24% |
| Dregs of beans | 20%～35% |
| Peanut meal | 12%～16% |
| Fish oil | 2%～4% |
| soyabean lecithin oil | 1% ~ 2.5% |
| squid liver paste | 1% ~ 3% |
| yeast extract | 1% ~ 3% |
| shrimp med | 2% ~ 5% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 2% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2%. |
Embodiment 1: the most basic each constituent content of the present invention is as follows:
| fish meal | 20% |
| strong flour | 20% |
| dregs of beans | 30% |
| peanut meal | 12% |
| fish oil | 3% |
| soyabean lecithin oil | 1.5% |
| squid liver paste | 3% |
| yeast extract | 2% |
| shrimp med | 5% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 2% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation later stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested more active, and water stability is good, and Penaeus Vannmei growth is very fast.
Embodiment 2, each constituent content that the present invention adds after appropriate additive is as follows:
| Fish meal | 25% |
| Strong flour | 22% |
| Dregs of beans | 20% |
| peanut meal | 14% |
| fish oil | 2% |
| soyabean lecithin oil | 1.68% |
| squid liver paste | 3% |
| yeast extract | 4% |
| shrimp med | 4.5% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 2% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2% |
| antioxidant | 0.02% |
| phagostimulant | 0.2% |
| shelling element | 0.1%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation later stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is good, and Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, and fanning economics is good.
Embodiment 3, each constituent content that the present invention adds after appropriate additive is as follows:
| Fish meal | 15% |
| Strong flour | 20% |
| Dregs of beans | 35% |
| Peanut meal | 14% |
| Fish oil | 4% |
| Soyabean lecithin oil | 2.5% |
| Squid liver paste | 2.68% |
| Yeast extract | 1% |
| Shrimp med | 2% |
| Mineral matter | 1% |
| Calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 2% |
| Choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| Multidimensional | 0.2% |
| antioxidant | 0.02% |
| phagostimulant | 0.2% |
| shelling element | 0.1%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation later stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is good, and Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, and fanning economics is better.
Embodiment 4, each constituent content that the present invention adds after appropriate additive is as follows:
| fish meal | 17% |
| strong flour | 24% |
| dregs of beans | 27% |
| peanut meal | 16% |
| fish oil | 2.18% |
| soyabean lecithin oil | 1% |
| squid liver paste | 1% |
| yeast extract | 3% |
| shrimp med | 5% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 2% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2% |
| antioxidant | 0.02% |
| phagostimulant | 0.2% |
| shelling element | 0.1%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation later stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is good, and Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, and fanning economics is good.
Embodiment 5: each constituent content of culture efficiency the best of the present invention is as follows:
| Fish meal | 20% |
| Strong flour | 20% |
| Dregs of beans | 30% |
| Peanut meal | 12% |
| fish oil | 2.18% |
| soyabean lecithin oil | 1.5% |
| squid liver paste | 3% |
| yeast extract | 2.5% |
| shrimp med | 5% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 2% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2% |
| antioxidant | 0.02% |
| phagostimulant | 0.2% |
| shelling element | 0.1%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation later stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is best, and Penaeus Vannmei growth is the fastest, and fanning economics is best, and culture efficiency is best.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention adds the technological process of production in man-hour and is: large part raw material and smallclothes mixture are dropped into batch charger, screen scarifier removal of impurities primary dcreening operation, mixer first time mixing, micronizer carry out the input such as ultramicro grinding, grease, the mixing of mixer second time, quality-adjusting device are modified, granulator granulation, drying machine drying, cooler cooling, crusher in crushing, screening machine sieves, weigh packaging.
Claims (1)
1. culture of Penaeus vannamei later stage mixed feed, be suitable for the Penaeus Vannmei of feeding later stage, namely body length is at the Penaeus Vannmei of more than 8.0cm, it is characterized in that: its component and weight percentage are:
Described antioxidant is ethoxyquinoline, and phagostimulant is dimethyl-β-DMPT DMPT, and shelling element is containing β-ecdysteroid, sterol and cryptosterol;
Containing free amino acid, nucleotides in described yeast extract.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104222549A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-12-24 | 苏州市新泾村农业基地专业合作社 | Compound feed for penaeus vannamei |
| CN104757320A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-08 | 烟台大乐饲料有限公司 | Functional compound feed special for greenhouse cultivation of litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN106260737A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2017-01-04 | 天津市晨辉饲料有限公司 | A kind of high-grade shrimp mixed feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN106260588A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 天津市晨辉饲料有限公司 | Mixed mixed feed for breeding shrimps and preparation method thereof |
| CN110637945A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-01-03 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | Front-middle-rear three-stage fully-matured puffed compound feed composition for breeding tiger shrimps and preparation method thereof |
| CN115843943A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-03-28 | 上海海洋大学 | Insect protein-containing fish meal-free litopenaeus vannamei compound feed and preparation method thereof |
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