The background technology Penaeus Vannmei is commonly called as white limb shrimp, white shrimp, South America shrimp etc.China introduces the Penaeus Vannmei seedling in 1988 from the U.S., and has successfully carried out productivity in 1994 and grown seedlings and cultivate.Penaeus Vannmei is individual large, resistance against diseases and adaptable, and fast growth can cultivate in Low-salinity and fresh water, and the dried up time-to-live is long, the meat flavour deliciousness, the processing dressing percentage is higher.Penaeus Vannmei has now become one of main aquaculture product, on China Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian and other places, extensively cultivates.
The research of relevant penaeus vannamei boone feed has more report.Patent name is " a kind of litopenaeus vannamei compound feed ", the Chinese invention patent that the patent No. is CN200910040783.5; Patent name is " environmental protection feed stuff for seedling stage of southern American white prawn ", the Chinese invention patent that the patent No. is CN200710028844.7, patent name are " a kind of Special feed for penaeus vannamei breeding and preparation method thereof ", and the Chinese invention patent that the patent No. is CN201110316524.8 etc. discloses the characteristic separately technical scheme about penaeus vannamei boone feed.But existing penaeus vannamei boone feed also is weak in attractant, aspect balanced in nutrition, so the present invention has researched and developed a kind of by the selection of raw material and proportioning thereof, make the penaeus vannamei boone feed of preparation there is unique technical characterstic at aspects such as balanced in nutrition, attractant, shelling growth promotions.
Due to Penaeus Vannmei at different growth and development stages, its nutritional requirement also exists larger difference, therefore in the cultivation of Penaeus Vannmei, general according to the different cultivation stages, the various raw materials of artifical compound feed are carried out to different scientific matching and form different mixed feeds.
Summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide low and cultivation Penaeus Vannmei quality higher being suitable for of a kind of production cost
The culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage of cultivation preliminary stage.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage, be suitable for feeding the Penaeus Vannmei of cultivation preliminary stage, body length, at the Penaeus Vannmei of 0.7cm~3.0cm, is characterized in that: its component and weight percentage comprise:
Fish meal |
20%~35% |
Strong flour |
19%~21% |
Dregs of beans |
20%~30% |
Peanut meal |
8%~12% |
Fish oil |
1%~2% |
Soybean lecithin oil |
1%~3% |
Squid cream |
1%~3% |
Yeast extract |
2%~4% |
shrimp med |
2%~8% |
mineral matter |
1% |
calcium dihydrogen phosphate |
1% |
choline Chloride |
0.3% |
multidimensional |
0.3%. |
In culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage of the present invention, fish meal mainly provides protein sources and energy, and plays good food calling effect.Because the Penaeus Vannmei of cultivation preliminary stage is the highest to the requirement of protein, so the content of relative other stage Penaeus Vannmeis of the content of the fish meal in the present invention is higher, is 20%~35%.When fish meal content is greater than 35%, feed cost strengthens, and while being less than 20%, feed conversion rate reduces.
The gross protein value of Strong flour is 12%~15%, and the wet gluten value, more than 35%, is compared with Self-raising flour and had better bond effect with Plain flour.When being mainly used for feed granulating, Strong flour is beneficial to the stability that raw mix shaping particles tool are good.When Strong flour content is greater than 21%, the crude protein of feed is reduced, particle water stability reduction while being less than 19%.
Dregs of beans, peanut meal mainly provide protein sources and energy, and for the Substitute For Partial animal protein, during too high levels, feed conversion rate descends.
The Main Function of fish oil is to provide essential fatty acid and energy, and plays the food calling effect.Add when excessive the requirements such as technological requirement to feed, feed storage all can increase when it, and addition is when not enough, and the functions such as the energy of feed, food calling all descend.
Soybean lecithin oil Main Function is for culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage of the present invention provides energy, can promote shrimp body digesting and assimilating feed.Add when excessive requirement such as technological requirement to feed, feed storage all can increase when soybean lecithin oil, and while adding deficiency, the energy of feed, the function such as digests and assimilates and all descends.
Squid cream adopts squid viscera, through techniques such as high temperature, sterilizing, separation, oven dry, makes, and Penaeus Vannmei is had to stronger food calling effect, and adding too high meeting affect feeding quality safety.
Yeast extract is to use specific fresh yeast, adopts biotechnology to make, and contains free amino acid, nucleotides etc. and has strong food calling composition, can strengthen immunity, improves anti-stress level.
The Main Function of shrimp med is to provide protein sources, and has good food calling performance, and adding the excessive cost that can cause increases.
Mineral matter, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride and multidimensional etc., all as additive, play the effect of extra-nutrition, provide Penaeus Vannmei necessary trace element, promote the metabolism of shrimp body, and its addition is all not high.
Above-mentioned various raw material components all can be purchased on market.
For extending the service time of feed prepared by the present invention, can in material composition of the present invention, add antioxidant, its weight percentage in mixed feed is 0.02%.Antioxidant adopts ethoxyquinoline, is mainly used in preventing that the raw material in feed is as oxidized as protein, fat.
For making product efficacy of the present invention better, can separately add phagostimulant in its raw material components, be mainly dimethyl-β-DMPT (DMPT), can effectively promote ingesting of Penaeus Vannmei, its weight percentage in mixed feed is 0.2%; The another shelling element that adds, its weight percentage in mixed feed is 0.1%, mainly contains β-ecdysteroid, sterol and cryptosterol etc., for promoting the Penaeus Vannmei growth that shells smoothly.
Preferably, culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage of the present invention, each component and the weight percentage of described mixed feed are:
fish meal |
20%~35% |
strong flour |
19%~21% |
dregs of beans |
20%~30% |
peanut meal |
8%~12% |
fish oil |
1%~2% |
soybean lecithin oil |
1%~3% |
squid cream |
1%~3% |
yeast extract |
2%~4% |
shrimp med |
2%~8% |
mineral matter |
1% |
calcium dihydrogen phosphate |
1% |
choline Chloride |
0.3% |
multidimensional |
0.3% |
antioxidant |
0.02% |
phagostimulant |
0.28% |
the shelling element |
0.1%. |
Through in same plant, under identical management mode condition, adopt culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed food calling in the early stage effect of following each raw material components and content best, water stability is best, and economic benefit is best, culture efficiency the best.
Fish meal |
30% |
Strong flour |
20% |
Dregs of beans |
25% |
Peanut meal |
9% |
fish oil |
1% |
soybean lecithin oil |
2% |
squid cream |
2% |
yeast extract |
3% |
shrimp med |
5% |
mineral matter |
1% |
calcium dihydrogen phosphate |
1% |
choline Chloride |
0.3% |
multidimensional |
0.3% |
antioxidant |
0.02% |
phagostimulant |
0.28% |
the shelling element |
0.1%. |
Culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage of the present invention, feed similar with other compared and had the following advantages;
1, comprehensive nutrition: product is rich in various indispensable proteins source, trace element, special-purpose minerals and vitamins etc., meets the demand of culture of Penaeus vannamei early growth stage to various nutritional labelings.
2, attractant is good, and feed conversion rate is high: the present invention has added raw material and additive that yeast extract, squid cream, shrimp med, phagostimulant DMPT etc. have good food calling performance, can promote Penaeus Vannmei ingest and grow.
3, water stability is good, and breeding water body is polluted few: the present invention has added high refined flour, is conducive to the feed product moulding with stable, can guarantee that product soaks more than 3 hours and do not scatter in water, has reduced the pollution to breeding water body.
4, green non-pollution: the characteristics such as the growth of the Penaeus Vannmei of the product of the present invention of ingesting is fast, and anti-stress ability is strong, and the shrimp body is healthy, medication is few, for this enterprise and raiser have brought higher economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Specific embodiment percentage herein all refers to percetage by weight; Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Each component and the weight percentage of culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in early stage of the present invention are:
Fish meal |
20%~35% |
Strong flour |
19%~21% |
Dregs of beans |
20%~30% |
Peanut meal |
8%~12% |
fish oil |
1%~2% |
soybean lecithin oil |
1%~3% |
squid cream |
1%~3% |
yeast extract |
2%~4% |
shrimp med |
2%~8% |
mineral matter |
1% |
calcium dihydrogen phosphate |
1% |
choline Chloride |
0.3% |
multidimensional |
0.3%. |
Embodiment 1: the most basic each constituent content of the present invention is as follows:
fish meal |
32% |
strong flour |
20% |
dregs of beans |
23% |
peanut meal |
9% |
fish oil |
2% |
soybean lecithin oil |
1.4% |
squid cream |
2% |
yeast extract |
3% |
shrimp med |
5% |
mineral matter |
1% |
calcium dihydrogen phosphate |
1% |
choline Chloride |
0.3% |
multidimensional |
0.3%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation preliminary stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested more active, and water stability is good, and the Penaeus Vannmei growth is very fast.
Embodiment 2, and each constituent content that the present invention adds after appropriate additive is as follows:
Fish meal |
35% |
Strong flour |
21% |
dregs of beans |
20% |
peanut meal |
8% |
fish oil |
1% |
soybean lecithin oil |
1% |
squid cream |
1% |
yeast extract |
2% |
shrimp med |
8% |
mineral matter |
1% |
calcium dihydrogen phosphate |
1% |
choline Chloride |
0.3% |
multidimensional |
0.3% |
antioxidant |
0.02% |
phagostimulant |
0.28% |
the shelling element |
0.1%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation preliminary stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is good, and the Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, and fanning economics is good.
Embodiment 3, and each constituent content that the present invention adds after appropriate additive is as follows:
Fish meal |
25% |
Strong flour |
19% |
Dregs of beans |
30% |
Peanut meal |
10% |
Fish oil |
1% |
Soybean lecithin oil |
3% |
Squid cream |
3% |
Yeast extract |
4% |
Shrimp med |
2% |
Mineral matter |
1% |
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate |
1% |
Choline Chloride |
0.3% |
multidimensional |
0.3% |
antioxidant |
0.02% |
phagostimulant |
0.28% |
the shelling element |
0.1%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation preliminary stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is better, and the Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, and fanning economics is good.
Embodiment 4, and each constituent content that the present invention adds after appropriate additive is as follows:
fish meal |
27% |
strong flour |
20% |
dregs of beans |
21% |
peanut meal |
12% |
fish oil |
2% |
soybean lecithin oil |
2% |
squid cream |
2% |
yeast extract |
4% |
shrimp med |
7% |
mineral matter |
1% |
calcium dihydrogen phosphate |
1% |
choline Chloride |
0.3% |
multidimensional |
0.3% |
antioxidant |
0.02% |
phagostimulant |
0.28% |
the shelling element |
0.1%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation preliminary stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is good, and the Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, and fanning economics is good.
Embodiment 5: each constituent content of culture efficiency the best of the present invention is as follows:
Fish meal |
30% |
Strong flour |
20% |
Dregs of beans |
25% |
peanut meal |
9% |
fish oil |
1% |
soybean lecithin oil |
2% |
squid cream |
2% |
yeast extract |
3% |
shrimp med |
5% |
mineral matter |
1% |
calcium dihydrogen phosphate |
1% |
choline Chloride |
0.3% |
multidimensional |
0.3% |
antioxidant |
0.02% |
phagostimulant |
0.28% |
the shelling element |
0.1%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation preliminary stage Penaeus Vannmei 15 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested the most active, and water stability is best, and the Penaeus Vannmei growth is the fastest, and fanning economics is best, and culture efficiency is best.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention adds the technological process of production in man-hour and is: by large part raw material and smallclothes mixture drop into that batch charger, screen scarifier removal of impurities primary dcreening operation, mixer mix for the first time, micronizer carries out that input, the mixers such as ultramicro grinding, grease mix for the second time, quality-adjusting device is modified, granulator granulation, drying machine drying, cooler are cooling, packing is sieved, weighed to crusher in crushing, screening machine.