CN103477841A - Three-segment healthy purple micro yam breeding method - Google Patents

Three-segment healthy purple micro yam breeding method Download PDF

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CN103477841A
CN103477841A CN201310429275.2A CN201310429275A CN103477841A CN 103477841 A CN103477841 A CN 103477841A CN 201310429275 A CN201310429275 A CN 201310429275A CN 103477841 A CN103477841 A CN 103477841A
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chinese yam
seedling
potato
purple chinese
purple
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CN103477841B (en
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史新敏
李洪民
张爱君
唐忠厚
魏猛
陈晓光
靳荣
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Zhenyuan Baifu Agricultural Technology Demonstration Co., Ltd.
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XUZHOU ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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Abstract

The invention discloses a three-segment healthy purple micro yam breeding method, and belongs to the field of yam seedling breeding methods. The three-segment rapid yam seedling breeding method is utilized in the seedling growing method, healthy micro yam seedlings without soil-borne diseases and yam-borne diseases are produced from purple yam seedlings without yam tubers and are non-contact with soil, factorial production is implemented, a large amount of healthy micro yam seedlings are bred intensively, breeding efficiency of purple yam seedlings can be improved, and production cost can be reduced. Yield of purple yams is increased by 15 to 20% per mu, original fine species and yield of the purple yams are recovered, and planting benefits of soil per unit area is increased.

Description

Healthy purple Chinese yam micro potato three section type mating system
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese yam potato seed mating system field, relate in particular to the purple Chinese yam micro potato of a kind of health three section type mating system.
Background technology
Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposite Thunb), for the perennial herbaceous stem prehensile of Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea liane, be the high-efficiency and economic crop of a kind of grain, dish, medicine dual-purpose, is also China's export one of the Specialty vegetable of earning foreign exchange, and all there is plantation all parts of the country.Purple Chinese yam is rich in anthocyan, of many uses, both can make the delicacies on dining table, the medicinal material that can keep healthy again, and frequent edible purple Chinese yam, can reduce blood pressure, blood sugar, anti-ageing lengthening one's life, brain tonic is mended intelligence, strengthens body immunity.But purple Chinese yam is not as Chinese yam, and during growth, Chinese yam beans (bulbil or bulbil) can be tied by the leaf segment place, next year is again with a large amount of fast numerous its good strains of seeds of purificating and rejuvenating of Chinese yam beans.The purple Chinese yam of China produces and is underground stem tuber rhizome cutting propagation at present, and its reproduction coefficient is only 10-15 times, has greatly limited breeding and the popularization of purple Chinese yam, and long-term stripping and slicing vegetative propagation, has reduced the original good strains of seeds of purple Chinese yam and output.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve the reproduction coefficient of purple Chinese yam potato seed, reduce production costs, recover the original good strains of seeds of purple Chinese yam and output, the invention provides the purple Chinese yam micro potato of a kind of health three section type mating system.Utilize three section type Chinese yam potato seed fast breeding method, to with the potato piece, with the purple Chinese yam potato seedling that does not contact soil, not produce the healthy miniature seed without soil-borne disease and the former disease of potato, realize batch production production, concentrate and cultivate a large amount of healthy miniature seeds, be conducive to improve purple Chinese yam potato seed reproductive efficiency, reduce production costs.
The present invention realizes with following technical scheme: the purple Chinese yam micro potato of a kind of health three section type mating system, and concrete steps are:
(1) in purple Chinese yam potato seed booth, stripping and slicing is grown seedlings the stage: in annual 15-25 day in March, select the purple medicine of Xu Nong, Huangyan purple to transplant the purple Chinese yam improved seeds such as medicine, improve purple Chinese yam potato seedling quality with the three section type seedling-cultivating method, strive that seedling is many, seedling is even, seedling is strong, seedling is early sent out, for producing autumn in a large number, high-quality, healthy miniature purple Chinese yam potato seed lay the first stone; Select anosis, without worm, without the potato piece of freeze injury, by purple Chinese yam potato seed stripping and slicing, standard is the 50-60g/ piece; Then mix the sterilization seed dressing with carbendazim or mancozeb original powder and quicklime powder in the 1:3 ratio, and bask seeds or high-temperature healing; The stripping and slicing back, in, tail is separately big arch shed, small arched shed, mulch film propagating seeding in cold frame with booth 3 films, density is 15-20kg/m 2;
(2) in purple Chinese yam potato seedling small arched shed with the numerous seedling of the seedling stage: 5-10 day in May, in small arched shed, press line-spacing 15-18cm, spacing in the rows 5-8cm, the wide 90-100cm of furrow, after the potato seed height of seedling of 3-5 leaf segment is cut with Miao Fanmiao; Cut Miao Houxian the bottom minor matters are hurt to petiole base with pocket knife in the middle of minor matters, to break the dormancy of cauline leaf axillalry bud; Again by 3-5 minute hestening rooting of 100ppm root-inducing powder immersion bubble; Adopting three height after planting is high temperature, high humidity, high fertile cultivation management technology, reaches the tiller of taking root fully and survives seedling, prepares against the later stage and plants into land for growing field crops;
(3) the purple Chinese yam potato seedling land for growing field crops breeding health micro potato stage: 11-15 day in June, the purple Chinese yam seedling band root that the tiller of taking root is fully survived is planted into the breeding land for growing field crops; Purple Chinese yam seedling is planted appropriate to the occasion high density furrow and is done, the wide 100-110cm of furrow, the high 10-15cm of furrow, furrow spacing 20-30cm; Line-spacing 18-20cm, spacing in the rows 8-10cm, density is 10000-12000/mu; Will be with 5% carbosulfan granule and 3% phoxim granule mixed in equal amounts, the row replacement of 2-2.5kg/ mu while planting; Or the 30% Phoxim microcapsule agent of 1:5 dips in root 5 minutes, to prevent and treat the harm of purple Chinese yam root-knot nematode and grub;
(4) the healthy micro potato field management of purple Chinese yam: be cauline leaf growth animated period August, requires purple Chinese yam overground part growing way balance, and anti-excessive growth, control prosperous length.The prevention and control cauline leaf excessive growth such as available paclobutrazol, S 3307; Use 2 kinds of liquids of Prochloraz or benzene miaow methyl cyclic-azole and mancozeb or carbendazim and separately spray 1-2 time, interval 5-7 days, for preventing and treating Chinese yam anthracnose; Be the quick expanding stage of healthy micro potato potato piece September, requires the steady long not prosperous length of purple Chinese yam overground part, anti-early ageing, and short potato piece expands soon; By control cauline leaf early ageing phenomenons such as 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphates;
(5) the healthy micro potato results of purple Chinese yam and storage: 15-20 day in October, purple Chinese yam leaf look, gradually by green flavescence, is tending towards ripe, should gather in the crops healthy purple Chinese yam micro potato in good time, and general output is 15-25g/ grain, 30000-35000 grain/mu; Purple Chinese yam potato seed will, with 1000-1200 times of carbendazim spray disinfectant, if bad rotten can only the sprinkling with quicklime powder of part potato seed arranged, be made sure to keep in mind to stir potato seed; Purple Chinese yam Winter safety reserve temperature is 15-18 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) utilizes three section type Chinese yam potato seed fast breeding method, will with the potato piece, with the purple Chinese yam potato seedling that does not contact soil, not produce healthy miniature seed, has avoided the propagation of the original soil-borne disease of purple Chinese yam and the former disease of potato and has spread.(2) realize batch production production, concentrate and cultivate a large amount of healthy miniature seeds fast, be conducive to improve purple Chinese yam potato seed reproductive efficiency, reduced production cost.(3) healthy miniature seed is emerged soon, has extended breeding time, and seedling is neat, per mu, mu is strong, mu is early sent out, and general purple Chinese yam per mu yield increases 15-20%, recovers the original good strains of seeds of purple Chinese yam and output, has improved Land Units area planting benefit.
Embodiment
Following examples are to further illustrate of the present invention, are not limitations of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Within 2011, at Cao Zhuan village, large Shahe town, Xuzhou City of Jiangsu Province Feng County tripterygium hypoglaucum hutch potato industry Specialty Co-operative Organization, implement healthy purple Chinese yam micro potato three section type and breed 5 mu.
(1) in purple Chinese yam potato seed booth, stripping and slicing is grown seedlings the stage: March 15, select the purple medicine improved seeds of Xu Nong, improve purple Chinese yam potato seedling quality with the three section type seedling-cultivating method, strive that seedling is many, seedling is even, seedling is strong, seedling is early sent out, for producing autumn in a large number, high-quality, healthy miniature purple Chinese yam potato seed lay the first stone.Select anosis, without worm, without the potato piece of freeze injury, by purple Chinese yam potato seed stripping and slicing, standard is the 50-60g/ piece.Then mixing sterilization with carbendazim original powder and quicklime powder in the 1:3 ratio dresses seed and basks seeds.The stripping and slicing back, in, tail is separately with booth 3 films (big arch shed, small arched shed, mulch film) propagating seeding in cold frame, density is 15-20kg/m 2.
(2) in purple Chinese yam potato seedling small arched shed with the numerous seedling of the seedling stage: May 5, in small arched shed, press line-spacing 15-18cm, spacing in the rows 5-8cm, the wide 90-100cm of furrow, after the potato seed height of seedling of 3-5 leaf segment is cut with Miao Fanmiao.Cut Miao Houxian the bottom minor matters are hurt to petiole base with pocket knife in the middle of minor matters, to break the dormancy of cauline leaf axillalry bud; Again by 3-5 minute hestening rooting of 100ppm root-inducing powder immersion bubble; Adopt three height (high temperature, high humidity, high fertile) cultivation management technology after cultivation, reach the tiller of taking root fully and survive seedling, prepare against the later stage and plant into land for growing field crops.
(3) the purple Chinese yam potato seedling land for growing field crops breeding health micro potato stage: June 11, the purple Chinese yam seedling band root that the tiller of taking root is fully survived is planted into the breeding land for growing field crops.Purple Chinese yam seedling is planted appropriate to the occasion high density furrow and is done, the wide 100-110cm of furrow, the high 10-15cm of furrow, furrow spacing 20-30cm.General line-spacing 18-20cm, spacing in the rows 8-10cm, density is 10000/ mu.Will be by 5% carbosulfan granule and 3% phoxim granule mixed in equal amounts while planting, the row replacement of 2-2.5kg/ mu, prevent and treat the harm of purple Chinese yam root-knot nematode and grub.
(4) the healthy micro potato field management of purple Chinese yam: be cauline leaf growth animated period August, requires purple Chinese yam overground part growing way balance, and anti-excessive growth, control prosperous length.The excessive growth of available paclobutrazol prevention and control cauline leaf.Use 2 kinds of liquids of Prochloraz and mancozeb and separately spray 1 time, 5 days, interval, can effectively prevent and treat Chinese yam anthracnose.Be the quick expanding stage of healthy micro potato potato piece September, requires the steady long not prosperous length of purple Chinese yam overground part, anti-early ageing, and short potato piece expands soon.The control such as available 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate cauline leaf early ageing phenomenon.
(5) the healthy micro potato results of purple Chinese yam and storage: October 15, purple Chinese yam leaf look, gradually by green flavescence, is tending towards ripe, can gather in the crops healthy purple Chinese yam micro potato in good time, and general output is 15-25g/ grain, 30000-35000 grain/mu.Purple Chinese yam potato seed will, with 1000 times of carbendazim spray disinfectants, if bad rotten can only the sprinkling with quicklime powder of part potato seed arranged, be made sure to keep in mind to stir potato seed.Purple Chinese yam Winter safety reserve temperature is 15-18 ℃.
Embodiment 2:
2012 ox horn village, Xiuyu District Cai market town, Xiuqian City, Jiangsu Province Chu all ecological agriculture scientific and technological development Co., Ltd implement healthy purple Chinese yam micro potato three section type and breed 10 mu.
(1) in purple Chinese yam potato seed booth, stripping and slicing is grown seedlings the stage: March 25, select the Huangyan purple to transplant the medicine improved seeds, improve purple Chinese yam potato seedling quality with the three section type seedling-cultivating method, strive that seedling is many, seedling is even, seedling is strong, seedling is early sent out, for producing autumn in a large number, high-quality, healthy miniature purple Chinese yam potato seed lay the first stone.Select anosis, without worm, without the potato piece of freeze injury, by purple Chinese yam potato seed stripping and slicing, standard is the 50-60g/ piece.Then mix sterilization seed dressing high-temperature healing with mancozeb original powder and quicklime powder in the 1:3 ratio.The stripping and slicing back, in, tail is separately with booth 3 films (big arch shed, small arched shed, mulch film) propagating seeding in cold frame, general density is 15-20kg/m 2.
(2) in purple Chinese yam potato seedling small arched shed with the numerous seedling of the seedling stage: May 10, in small arched shed, press line-spacing 15-18cm, spacing in the rows 5-8cm, the wide 90-100cm of furrow, after the potato seed height of seedling of 3-5 leaf segment is cut with Miao Fanmiao.Cut Miao Houxian the bottom minor matters are hurt to petiole base with pocket knife in the middle of minor matters, to break the dormancy of cauline leaf axillalry bud; Again by 3-5 minute hestening rooting of 100ppm root-inducing powder immersion bubble; Adopt three height (high temperature, high humidity, high fertile) cultivation management technology after cultivation, reach the tiller of taking root fully and survive seedling, prepare against the later stage and plant into land for growing field crops.
(3) the purple Chinese yam potato seedling land for growing field crops breeding health micro potato stage: June 15, the purple Chinese yam seedling band root that the tiller of taking root is fully survived is planted into the breeding land for growing field crops.Purple Chinese yam seedling is planted appropriate to the occasion high density furrow and is done, the wide 100-110cm of furrow, the high 10-15cm of furrow, furrow spacing 20-30cm.General line-spacing 18-20cm, spacing in the rows 8-10cm, density is 12000/mu.To dip in root 5 minutes with the 30% Phoxim microcapsule agent of 1:5 while planting, can prevent and treat the harm of purple Chinese yam root-knot nematode and grub.
(4) the healthy micro potato field management of purple Chinese yam: be cauline leaf growth animated period August, requires purple Chinese yam overground part growing way balance, and anti-excessive growth, control prosperous length.The excessive growth of available S 3307 prevention and control cauline leaf.Use 2 kinds of liquids of benzene miaow methyl cyclic-azole and carbendazim and separately spray 1-2 time, interval 5-7 days, can effectively prevent and treat Chinese yam anthracnose.Be the quick expanding stage of healthy micro potato potato piece September, requires the steady long not prosperous length of purple Chinese yam overground part, anti-early ageing, and short potato piece expands soon.The control such as available 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate cauline leaf early ageing phenomenon.
(5) the healthy micro potato results of purple Chinese yam and storage: October 20, purple Chinese yam leaf look, gradually by green flavescence, is tending towards ripe, can gather in the crops healthy purple Chinese yam micro potato in good time, and general output is 15-25g/ grain, 30000-35000 grain/mu.Purple Chinese yam potato seed will, with 1200 times of carbendazim spray disinfectants, if bad rotten can only the sprinkling with quicklime powder of part potato seed arranged, be made sure to keep in mind to stir potato seed.Purple Chinese yam Winter safety reserve temperature is 15-18 ℃.

Claims (1)

1. the purple Chinese yam micro potato of a health three section type mating system, concrete steps are:
(1) in purple Chinese yam potato seed booth, stripping and slicing is grown seedlings the stage: in annual 15-25 day in March, select purple Chinese yam improved seeds, improve purple Chinese yam potato seedling quality with the three section type seedling-cultivating method, strive that seedling is many, seedling is even, seedling is strong, seedling is early sent out, for producing autumn in a large number, high-quality, healthy miniature purple Chinese yam potato seed lay the first stone; Select anosis, without worm, without the potato piece of freeze injury, by purple Chinese yam potato seed stripping and slicing, standard is the 50-60g/ piece; Then mix the sterilization seed dressing with carbendazim or mancozeb original powder and quicklime powder in the 1:3 ratio, and bask seeds or high-temperature healing; The stripping and slicing back, in, tail is separately big arch shed, small arched shed, mulch film propagating seeding in cold frame with booth 3 films, density is 15-20kg/m 2;
(2) in purple Chinese yam potato seedling small arched shed with the numerous seedling of the seedling stage: 5-10 day in May, in small arched shed, press line-spacing 15-18cm, spacing in the rows 5-8cm, the wide 90-100cm of furrow, after the potato seed height of seedling of 3-5 leaf segment is cut with Miao Fanmiao; Cut Miao Houxian the bottom minor matters are hurt to petiole base with pocket knife in the middle of minor matters, to break the dormancy of cauline leaf axillalry bud; Again by 3-5 minute hestening rooting of 100ppm root-inducing powder immersion bubble; Adopting three height after planting is high temperature, high humidity, high fertile cultivation management technology, reaches the tiller of taking root fully and survives seedling, prepares against the later stage and plants into land for growing field crops;
(3) the purple Chinese yam potato seedling land for growing field crops breeding health micro potato stage: 11-15 day in June, the purple Chinese yam seedling band root that the tiller of taking root is fully survived is planted into the breeding land for growing field crops; Purple Chinese yam seedling is planted appropriate to the occasion high density furrow and is done, the wide 100-110cm of furrow, the high 10-15cm of furrow, furrow spacing 20-30cm; Line-spacing 18-20cm, spacing in the rows 8-10cm, density is 10000-12000/mu; Will be with 5% carbosulfan granule and 3% phoxim granule mixed in equal amounts, the row replacement of 2-2.5kg/ mu while planting; Or the 30% Phoxim microcapsule agent of 1:5 dips in root 5 minutes, to prevent and treat the harm of purple Chinese yam root-knot nematode and grub;
(4) the healthy micro potato field management of purple Chinese yam: be cauline leaf growth animated period August, requires purple Chinese yam overground part growing way balance, and anti-excessive growth, control prosperous length.The prevention and control cauline leaf excessive growth such as available paclobutrazol, S 3307; Use 2 kinds of liquids of Prochloraz or benzene miaow methyl cyclic-azole and mancozeb or carbendazim and separately spray 1-2 time, interval 5-7 days, for preventing and treating Chinese yam anthracnose; Be the quick expanding stage of healthy micro potato potato piece September, requires the steady long not prosperous length of purple Chinese yam overground part, anti-early ageing, and short potato piece expands soon; By control cauline leaf early ageing phenomenons such as 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphates;
(5) the healthy micro potato results of purple Chinese yam and storage: 15-20 day in October, purple Chinese yam leaf look, gradually by green flavescence, is tending towards ripe, should gather in the crops healthy purple Chinese yam micro potato in good time, and general output is 15-25g/ grain, 30000-35000 grain/mu; Purple Chinese yam potato seed will, with 1000-1200 times of carbendazim spray disinfectant, if bad rotten can only the sprinkling with quicklime powder of part potato seed arranged, be made sure to keep in mind to stir potato seed; Purple Chinese yam Winter safety reserve temperature is 15-18 ℃.
CN201310429275.2A 2013-09-18 2013-09-18 Three-segment healthy purple micro yam breeding method Expired - Fee Related CN103477841B (en)

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Cited By (8)

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CN103907457A (en) * 2014-03-14 2014-07-09 邹光旭 Simple cultivation technology of Chinese yams
CN104221669A (en) * 2014-08-29 2014-12-24 葛建 Purple yam seedling raising and cultivating method
CN104221670A (en) * 2014-08-29 2014-12-24 葛建 Method for cultivating and planting purple yams with high yield
CN104756846A (en) * 2015-04-29 2015-07-08 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 Soilless lightening and simplifying cultivating method for yam bulbil
CN104996151A (en) * 2015-07-31 2015-10-28 孙丹丹 Planting method for purple yam
CN105284615A (en) * 2015-10-23 2016-02-03 普定县秇品农业发展有限公司 Improved variety breeding method of Chinese yam
CN108605760A (en) * 2018-05-22 2018-10-02 四川农业大学 A kind of purple Chinese yam cultivation method
CN109744114A (en) * 2019-02-10 2019-05-14 云南洪邦薯业发展有限公司 Micro potato greenhouse high-yield planting method

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103907457A (en) * 2014-03-14 2014-07-09 邹光旭 Simple cultivation technology of Chinese yams
CN103907457B (en) * 2014-03-14 2018-04-10 邹光旭 Chinese yam convenient type cultivation technique
CN104221669A (en) * 2014-08-29 2014-12-24 葛建 Purple yam seedling raising and cultivating method
CN104221670A (en) * 2014-08-29 2014-12-24 葛建 Method for cultivating and planting purple yams with high yield
CN104221669B (en) * 2014-08-29 2016-03-16 葛建 A kind of purple Chinese yam nursery and cultivation method
CN104756846A (en) * 2015-04-29 2015-07-08 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 Soilless lightening and simplifying cultivating method for yam bulbil
CN104996151A (en) * 2015-07-31 2015-10-28 孙丹丹 Planting method for purple yam
CN105284615A (en) * 2015-10-23 2016-02-03 普定县秇品农业发展有限公司 Improved variety breeding method of Chinese yam
CN108605760A (en) * 2018-05-22 2018-10-02 四川农业大学 A kind of purple Chinese yam cultivation method
CN109744114A (en) * 2019-02-10 2019-05-14 云南洪邦薯业发展有限公司 Micro potato greenhouse high-yield planting method

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