CN103468991A - Method for increasing oxidation resistance and high-temperature mechanical performance of Cr23C6 compound - Google Patents
Method for increasing oxidation resistance and high-temperature mechanical performance of Cr23C6 compound Download PDFInfo
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- CN103468991A CN103468991A CN2013103326003A CN201310332600A CN103468991A CN 103468991 A CN103468991 A CN 103468991A CN 2013103326003 A CN2013103326003 A CN 2013103326003A CN 201310332600 A CN201310332600 A CN 201310332600A CN 103468991 A CN103468991 A CN 103468991A
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- powder
- sintering
- compound
- rare earth
- high temperature
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for increasing oxidation resistance and high-temperature mechanical performance of a Cr23C6 compound. A Cr23C6 compound doped by any one of cerium, lanthanum and yttrium can be successfully prepared by controlling proper ball-milling process and sintering procedure, by using Cr powder and graphite powder and rare bulk material. The toughness of the prepared Cr23C6 compound is increased; particularly, the oxidation resistance and high-temperature mechanical performance of the prepared Cr23C6 compound are increased obviously; and at the same time, a sintering temperature of the Cr23C6 compound doped by the rare earth element is reduced significantly.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the high temperature oxidation resisting compound technical, relate to a kind of Cr of improvement
23c
6the method of compounds property, especially a kind of raising Cr
23c
6the method of compound with oxidation resistance and mechanical behavior under high temperature.
Background technology
Block Cr
23c
6compound has face-centred cubic structure, although have the ability of excellent anti-oxidant, anti-carburetting coking under the high temperature oxidation condition.But the contriver prepares Cr in early stage
23c
6compound and carry out, when mechanical behavior under high temperature test, anti-oxidant test, after discovery adds appropriate rare earth element, it is due to Cr
23c
6generate Cr in oxidation
2o
3the density of oxide film is obviously improved, particularly Cr
2o
3with Cr
23c
6binding ability and Cr
2o
3the fragility of film reduces, and its antioxygen, anti-carburetting ability are significantly improved, and compound is when being used higher than 1100 ℃, and its high temperature creep and creep rupture strength performance obviously improve.In sum, this is undoubtedly to improving Cr
23c
6compound high-temperature oxidation resistant, anti-carburetting coking behavior have important engineering application value.In addition, after finding to add appropriate rare earth element, Cr
23c
6the sintering temperature of compound can obviously reduce (approximately reducing by 100 ℃).Obviously, this is for realizing that its suitability for industrialized production has important energy-conservation, consumption reduction meaning.
In addition, by density functional theory the first performance principle, calculate known: rare-earth element cerium, lanthanum, yttrium displacement solid solution are in Cr
7c
3gibbs free energy respectively approximately :-111.6J/mol ,-106.1J/mol and 132.5J/mol; And by calculating (Cr, RE)
23c
6the thermodynamics enthalpy change value that (RE means rare-earth element cerium, lanthanum or yttrium) forms is negative value, further shows that this compound belongs to rock steady structure.
In a word, preparation (Cr, RE) from the thermodynamic argument angle
23c
6feasible.This material, for the high temperature resistant oxygen layer on the parts such as the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus base plate that uses under high temperature oxidation atmosphere, kiln-opening-protecting plate, kiln quarter badge, retort, charging basket, charging tray, will be had to important engineering using value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to further improve Cr
23c
6the performance of compound, provide a kind of raising Cr
23c
6the method of compound with oxidation resistance and mechanical behavior under high temperature, it adopts rare earth to improve Cr
23c
6compound, can significantly improve antioxidant property, can be for the high temperature resistant oxygen layer on the parts such as the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus base plate that uses under high temperature oxidation atmosphere, kiln-opening-protecting plate, kiln quarter badge, retort, charging basket, charging tray.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
This raising Cr
23c
6the method of compound with oxidation resistance and mechanical behavior under high temperature comprises the following steps:
1) rare earth piece material is crushed to granularity below 200 μ m, carries out ball-milling processing and obtain the rare earth powder that particle diameter is 30-50 μ m under the vacuum argon filling condition, after shutdown by the airtight preservation under vacuum condition of rare earth powder;
2) Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 are pressed to carbide Cr
23c
6the molecular formula Atom than and after the nucleidic mass of each element is converted into weight ratio and weighs respectively, first Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 are packed in ball grinder, vacuumized, and ball milling 10-30 hour;
3) stop after ball mill after 2-3 hour, the rare earth powder after ball milling is good adds in the ball grinder that the Cr powder that mixed and Graphite Powder 99 are housed according to the 0.01-0.5% of Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 gross weight, is again vacuumized that to make vacuum tightness be 10
-1pa, and open ball mill, ball milling 30-50 hour, after ball milling completes, by the rare earth powder, Cr powder and the Graphite Powder 99 mixture Fast Filling that mix in mould;
The graphite jig that 4) will hold rare earth powder, Cr powder, Graphite Powder 99 mixture is put into sintering oven and is carried out sintering, and sintering is to carry out in vacuum sintering funace, and during sintering, the vacuum tightness of vacuum oven is 10
-1pa; The heat-up rate of sintering oven is: 3-10 ℃/sec; Pressure is: 5-50MPa; Sintering temperature is: 900 ℃~1300 ℃; Soaking time is: 60~120 minutes, and together cooling with sintering oven after sintering, the Cr after being processed
23c
6compound.
Further, above-mentioned steps 1) in, rare earth is any of cerium, lanthanum or yttrium piece material.
The purity of above-mentioned rare earth >=99.5%.
Further, above-mentioned steps 2) in, the vacuum tightness while vacuumizing is 10
-1pa.
Further, above-mentioned steps 2) in, Cr powder purity and granularity are respectively: 99.9% and be less than 100 μ m.
Further, above-mentioned steps 2) in, Graphite Powder 99 purity and granularity are respectively: 99.99% and be less than 100 μ m.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention improves Cr
23c
6the method of compound with oxidation resistance and mechanical behavior under high temperature utilizes rare earth to improve Cr
23c
6compound, adopt rare earth powder, Cr powder and three kinds of powders of Graphite Powder 99, and mechanical milling process adopts two steps, by controlling suitable ball-milling technology and sintering schedule, can successfully prepare the Cr after any doping in cerium, lanthanum, yttrium
23c
6compound, obviously improve its toughness raising, particularly antioxidant property and mechanical behavior under high temperature, simultaneously, and the Cr after doped with rare-earth elements
23c
6the sintering temperature of compound is significantly reduced.
Embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of raising Cr
23c
6the method of compound with oxidation resistance and mechanical behavior under high temperature, the appearance of this material can be applicable to the high temperature resistant oxygen layer on the parts such as High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus base plate for using under high temperature oxidation atmosphere, kiln-opening-protecting plate, kiln quarter badge, retort, charging basket, charging tray.Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:
1) rare earth piece material is crushed to granularity below 200 μ m, carries out ball-milling processing and obtain the rare earth powder that particle diameter is 30-50 μ m under the vacuum argon filling condition, after shutdown by the airtight preservation under vacuum condition of rare earth powder; Rare earth of the present invention can be for cerium, lanthanum or yttrium piece material any.The purity of rare earth >=99.5%.
2) Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 are pressed to carbide Cr
23c
6the molecular formula Atom than and after the nucleidic mass of each element is converted into weight ratio and weighs respectively, first Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 are packed in ball grinder, vacuumized, and ball milling 10-30 hour, vacuum degree control is 10
-1pa; The Cr powder purity and the granularity that wherein adopt are respectively: 99.9% and be less than 100 μ m; Graphite Powder 99 purity and granularity are respectively: 99.99% and be less than 100 μ m.
3) stop after ball mill after 2-3 hour, the rare earth powder after ball milling is good adds in the ball grinder that the Cr powder that mixed and Graphite Powder 99 are housed according to the 0.01-0.5% of Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 gross weight, is again vacuumized that to make vacuum tightness be 10
-1pa, and open ball mill, ball milling 30-50 hour, after ball milling completes, by the rare earth powder, Cr powder and the Graphite Powder 99 mixture Fast Filling that mix in mould.
The graphite jig that 4) will hold rare earth powder, Cr powder, Graphite Powder 99 mixture is put into sintering oven and is carried out sintering, and sintering is to carry out in vacuum sintering funace, and during sintering, the vacuum tightness of vacuum oven is 10
-1pa; The heat-up rate of sintering oven is: 3-10 ℃/sec; Pressure is: 5-50MPa; Sintering temperature is: 900 ℃~1300 ℃; Soaking time is: 60~120 minutes, and together cooling with sintering oven after sintering, the Cr after being processed
23c
6compound.
Cr in the cerium proposed in the present invention, lanthanum, yttrium after any doping
23c
6compound, its toughness raising, particularly antioxidant property and mechanical behavior under high temperature obviously improve, simultaneously, the Cr after doped with rare-earth elements
23c
6the sintering temperature of compound is significantly reduced.
Below specific embodiments of the invention are described:
Embodiment 1
At first; commercial cerium piece material (purity >=99.5%) is crushed to granularity below 200 μ m; carry out ball-milling processing (increase its surface activity and further refinement) while obtaining 30 μ m left and right under the vacuum argon filling condition, after shutdown by cerium airtight preservation under vacuum condition.
Secondly, the pure Cr powder of commercialization and Graphite Powder 99 are pressed to carbide Cr
23c
6the molecular formula Atom than and after the nucleidic mass of each element is converted into weight ratio and weighs respectively, in the ball grinder of first Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 being packed into, vacuumized that (vacuum tightness is 10
-1and ball milling 30 hours Pa).
Then, stop after ball mill after 2.5 hours, the cerium powder after ball milling is good (its addition be Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 gross weight 0.01%) adds in the ball grinder that the Cr powder that mixed and Graphite Powder 99 are housed, and is again vacuumized that (vacuum tightness is 10
-1pa) and open ball mill, ball milling 50 hours, after ball milling completes, by the cerium powder, Cr powder and the Graphite Powder 99 mixture Fast Filling that mix in mould.
Finally, the graphite jig that holds cerium powder, Cr powder, Graphite Powder 99 mixture is put into to sintering oven and carry out sintering, sintering is to carry out in vacuum sintering funace, and during sintering, the vacuum tightness of vacuum oven is 10
-1pa; The heat-up rate of sintering oven is: 3 ℃/secs; Pressure is: 50MPa; Sintering temperature is: 1300 ℃; Soaking time is: 120 minutes, together cooling with sintering oven after sintering.
The Cr prepared in the present invention
23c
6after the doped with rare-earth elements cerium, its toughness improves approximately 0.34 times, and under 1100 ℃ of lower high temperature oxidation atmosphere under anti-oxidant atmosphere approximately 0.67 times, at this temperature, high temperature creep property and creep rupture strength improve minute other and improve approximately more than 21.3% and 25.9%.
Embodiment 2
At first, commercial Rare Earth Lanthanum piece material (purity >=99.5%) is crushed to granularity below 200 μ m, carries out ball-milling processing while obtaining 40 μ m left and right under the vacuum argon filling condition, after shutdown by Rare Earth Lanthanum airtight preservation under vacuum condition.
Secondly, the pure Cr powder of commercialization and Graphite Powder 99 are pressed to carbide Cr
23c
6the molecular formula Atom than and after the nucleidic mass of each element is converted into weight ratio and weighs respectively, in the ball grinder of first Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 being packed into, vacuumized that (vacuum tightness is 10
-1and ball milling 20 hours Pa).
Then, stop after ball mill after 2 hours, the lanthanum powder after ball milling is good (its addition be Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 gross weight 0.1%) adds in the ball grinder that the Cr powder that mixed and Graphite Powder 99 are housed, and is again vacuumized that (vacuum tightness is 10
-1pa) and open ball mill, ball milling 40 hours, after ball milling completes, by the lanthanum powder, Cr powder and the Graphite Powder 99 mixture Fast Filling that mix in mould.
Finally, the graphite jig that holds lanthanum powder, Cr powder, Graphite Powder 99 mixture is put into to sintering oven and carry out sintering, sintering is to carry out in vacuum sintering funace, and during sintering, the vacuum tightness of vacuum oven is 10
-1pa; The heat-up rate of sintering oven is: 5 ℃/secs; Pressure is: 35MPa; Sintering temperature is: 1250 ℃; Soaking time is: 90 minutes, together cooling with sintering oven after sintering.
The Cr prepared in the present invention
23c
6after the doped with rare-earth elements lanthanum, its toughness improves approximately 0.74 times, and under 1100 ℃ of lower high temperature oxidation atmosphere under anti-oxidant atmosphere approximately 0.96 times, at this temperature, high temperature creep property and creep rupture strength improve minute other and improve approximately more than 28.9% and 29.1%.
Embodiment 3
At first, commercial rare-earth yttrium piece material (purity >=99.5%) is crushed to granularity below 200 μ m, carries out ball-milling processing while obtaining 50 μ m left and right under the vacuum argon filling condition, after shutdown by rare-earth yttrium airtight preservation under vacuum condition.
Secondly, the pure Cr powder of commercialization and Graphite Powder 99 are pressed to carbide Cr
23c
6the molecular formula Atom than and after the nucleidic mass of each element is converted into weight ratio and weighs respectively, in the ball grinder of first Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 being packed into, vacuumized that (vacuum tightness is 10
-1and ball milling 10 hours Pa).
Then, stop after ball mill after 2.5 hours, the yttrium powder after ball milling is good (its addition be Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 gross weight 0.5%) adds in the ball grinder that the Cr powder that mixed and Graphite Powder 99 are housed, and is again vacuumized that (vacuum tightness is 10
-1pa) and open ball mill, ball milling 30 hours, after ball milling completes, by the yttrium powder, Cr powder and the Graphite Powder 99 mixture Fast Filling that mix in mould.
Finally, the graphite jig that holds yttrium powder, Cr powder, Graphite Powder 99 mixture is put into to sintering oven and carry out sintering, sintering is to carry out in vacuum sintering funace, and during sintering, the vacuum tightness of vacuum oven is 10
-1pa; The heat-up rate of sintering oven is: 10 ℃/secs; Pressure is: 5MPa; Sintering temperature is: 900 ℃; Soaking time is: 60 minutes, together cooling with sintering oven after sintering.
The Cr prepared in the present invention
23c
6after the doped with rare-earth elements yttrium, its toughness improves approximately 1.12 times, and under 1100 ℃ of lower high temperature oxidation atmosphere under anti-oxidant atmosphere approximately 1.26 times, at this temperature, high temperature creep property and creep rupture strength improve minute other and improve approximately more than 24.9% and 25.7%.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is improved Cr
23c
6the method of compound with oxidation resistance and mechanical behavior under high temperature, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) rare earth piece material is crushed to granularity below 200 μ m, carries out ball-milling processing and obtain the rare earth powder that particle diameter is 30-50 μ m under the vacuum argon filling condition, after shutdown by the airtight preservation under vacuum condition of rare earth powder;
2) Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 are pressed to carbide Cr
23c
6the molecular formula Atom than and after the nucleidic mass of each element is converted into weight ratio and weighs respectively, first Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 are packed in ball grinder, vacuumized, and ball milling 10-30 hour;
3) stop after ball mill after 2-3 hour, the rare earth powder after ball milling is good adds in the ball grinder that the Cr powder that mixed and Graphite Powder 99 are housed according to the 0.01-0.5% of Cr powder and Graphite Powder 99 gross weight, is again vacuumized that to make vacuum tightness be 10
-1pa, and open ball mill, ball milling 30-50 hour, after ball milling completes, by the rare earth powder, Cr powder and the Graphite Powder 99 mixture Fast Filling that mix in mould;
The graphite jig that 4) will hold rare earth powder, Cr powder, Graphite Powder 99 mixture is put into sintering oven and is carried out sintering, and sintering is to carry out in vacuum sintering funace, and during sintering, the vacuum tightness of vacuum oven is 10
-1pa; The heat-up rate of sintering oven is: 3-10 ℃/sec; Pressure is: 5-50MPa; Sintering temperature is: 900 ℃~1300 ℃; Soaking time is: 60~120 minutes, and together cooling with sintering oven after sintering, the Cr after being processed
23c
6compound.
2. raising Cr according to claim 1
23c
6the method of compound with oxidation resistance and mechanical behavior under high temperature, is characterized in that, in step 1), rare earth is any of cerium, lanthanum or yttrium piece material.
3. raising Cr according to claim 2
23c
6the method of compound with oxidation resistance and mechanical behavior under high temperature, is characterized in that, the purity of described rare earth>=99.5%.
4. raising Cr according to claim 1
23c
6the method of compound with oxidation resistance and mechanical behavior under high temperature, is characterized in that step 2) in, the vacuum tightness while vacuumizing is 10
-1pa.
5. raising Cr according to claim 1
23c
6the method of compound with oxidation resistance and mechanical behavior under high temperature, is characterized in that step 2) in, Cr powder purity and granularity are respectively: 99.9% and be less than 100 μ m.
6. raising Cr according to claim 1
23c
6the method of compound with oxidation resistance and mechanical behavior under high temperature, is characterized in that step 2) in, Graphite Powder 99 purity and granularity are respectively: 99.99% and be less than 100 μ m.
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Cited By (1)
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CN113501714A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-15 | 沈阳新橡树磁性材料有限公司 | MAX phase material with high hardness and high wear resistance and preparation method thereof |
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US3881910A (en) * | 1973-08-15 | 1975-05-06 | Union Carbide Corp | Chromium-chromium carbide powder |
CN102219215A (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-10-19 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Preparation method of high-stability chromium carbide powder |
-
2013
- 2013-08-01 CN CN201310332600.3A patent/CN103468991B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
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US3846084A (en) * | 1973-08-15 | 1974-11-05 | Union Carbide Corp | Chromium-chromium carbide powder and article made therefrom |
US3881910A (en) * | 1973-08-15 | 1975-05-06 | Union Carbide Corp | Chromium-chromium carbide powder |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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KEN HIROTA ET AL: "Simultaneous synthesis and consolidation of chromium carbides (Cr3C2,Cr7C3 and Cr23C6) by pulsed electric-current pressure sintering", 《MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A》, vol. 399, no. 12, 30 June 2005 (2005-06-30), pages 154 - 160 * |
S.SHARAFI ET AL: "Effects of milling and subsequent consolidation treatment on the microstructural properties and hardness of the nanocrystalline chromium carbide powders", 《INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS AND HARD MATERIALS》, vol. 30, no. 1, 31 January 2012 (2012-01-31), pages 57 - 63, XP028310726, DOI: doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2011.07.004 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113501714A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-15 | 沈阳新橡树磁性材料有限公司 | MAX phase material with high hardness and high wear resistance and preparation method thereof |
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