CN103464928B - Argon arc cladding material based on self-fused Fe-based alloy powder - Google Patents
Argon arc cladding material based on self-fused Fe-based alloy powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN103464928B CN103464928B CN201310421969.1A CN201310421969A CN103464928B CN 103464928 B CN103464928 B CN 103464928B CN 201310421969 A CN201310421969 A CN 201310421969A CN 103464928 B CN103464928 B CN 103464928B
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Abstract
An argon arc cladding material based on self-fused Fe-based alloy powder belongs to the technical field of material surfaces. The argon arc cladding material is characterized in that the cladding material comprises the following raw materials in percent by mass: 50-90% of self-fused Fe-based alloy powder, 5-15% of ferro-vanadium, 1-8% of ferro-molybdenum, 1-5% of graphite, 0-40% of WC and 1-3% of rare-earth alloy. The cladding material can be prepared into two forms: being arranged on the surface of a clean workpiece in a coating manner and flattened to form a coating with a thickness of 0.8-1.5mm; pressing into a film which is 0.8-1.5mm in thickness, 6-10mm in width and 50-100mm in length; air-drying at a room temperature for more than ten hours and then baking at a temperature of 120-200 DEC G for two hours for standby use. The argon arc cladding material has a low fusion point and is well formed and used for repairing the surfaces of steel workpieces and improving the hardness and the wear resistance of the surfaces. The surface hardness of a cladding layer reaches HRC51-62.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to material surface technical field, provide a kind of material for non-melt pole argon arc surface cladding, this material is based on fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder, and interpolation alloying element and ceramic phase are prepared from.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern industry, more and more higher to the performance requirement of engineering goods in production process, product is running steady in a long-term under high parameter (as high temperature, high pressure, high speed etc.) and severe working condition, must propose higher requirement to the intensity on its surface, wearability, corrosion resistance etc.Metal parts in various plant equipment, instrument and meter, metallurgical parts, and various tool and mould, in use often first occur from surface to destroy and lost efficacy, the reason of destruction causes due to surface abrasion greatly.Therefore, as long as carry out component surface strengthening the requirement that just can meet performance.
Surface strengthening technology mainly contains the process such as thermal spraying, surface cladding, while surface cladding technology makes matrix surface obtain anti-wear performance, firmly metallurgical binding can be formed between clad material and matrix, therefore not only there is abrasion resistance on ask for something surface, but also under needing to bear the condition of strong load effect, there is absolute predominance.At present, surface cladding technology is widely used in the reparations of old of industry such as metallurgy, aviation, machinery and the manufacture of new product.Surface cladding commonly uses high density thermal source laser, plasma arc, focused beam etc., is characterized in that energy density is higher, is reinforced surface quality good, but apparatus expensive, complicated operation.Although non-melt pole argon arc energy density is lower, cladding efficiency is low, and its equipment is comparatively light, inexpensive, easy to operate, is easy to welding at the construction field (site), makes argon arc surface strengthening technology be easy to universal, therefore in some, smallclothes is applied.
Conventional cladding material has iron-based, Ni-based, cobalt-based material etc., due to adopt more to be suitable for during Fe matrix high temperature, at a high speed, heavy duty, performance requirement under the working condition such as high wearing and tearing, and iron low price, wide material sources, its performance can be adjusted, so iron-based cladding material is widely used by heat treatment.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of non-melt pole Argon arc cladding ferrous alloy material, for carrying out surface wear-resistant layer preparation on little type steel parts, repairing element size or improving its surface abrasion resistance.Cladding layer hardness can reach HRC51 ~ 62, and wearability is good.
Described Argon arc cladding material is based on fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder (as Fe45, Fe50 etc.), add vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, WC, graphite, rare earth alloy etc. to mix, then add binding agent be applied to surface of the work in advance, or be made into sheet, bar is bar-shaped, dry after stand-by.It is characterized in that the raw-material mass percent of each composition of cladding material is: fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder (50 ~ 90) %, vanadium iron (5 ~ 15) %, molybdenum-iron (1 ~ 8) %, graphite (1 ~ 5) %, WC (0 ~ 40) %, rare earth alloy (1 ~ 3) %.
Described iron-based is 40 ~ 200 orders from raw-material granularities such as molten powder, vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, graphite, WC powder, rare earth alloies, and each raw material main component (mass percent) is:
Fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder can adopt the powder such as commercially available Fe45, Fe50, and its composition is as follows:
Fe45:C0.5-0.6, Si3.0-4.0, B3.0-4.0, Cr16-18, Ni12-14, Fe surplus;
Fe50:C0.6-0.8, Si3.0-4.0, B3.0-4.0, Cr15-18, Ni12-15, Fe surplus.
Vanadium iron: V>75%, molybdenum-iron: Mo>55%, rare earth alloy: RE44% ~ 47%.
Binding agent adopts waterglass or organic binder bond.
Argon arc cladding material preparation process process:
(1) take each powder raw material in proportion and mix; Then add binding agent to stir, make wet-milling.
(2) according to different situations, cladding material can be prepared in two forms: be 1. applied to by wet-milling and treat cladding surface through removing surface, the workpiece that derusts and flatten, coating layer thickness 0.8 ~ 1.5mm; 2. according to treating cladding surface size, particular manufacturing craft is utilized wet-milling to be pressed into the thin slice of thick 0.8 ~ 1.5mm, wide 6 ~ 10mm, long 50 ~ 100mm.
(3) wet-milling precoated shet or thin slice are dried through more than 10 hours room temperatures, then dry 2 hours for 120 ~ 200 DEG C.
Described cladding material (accounts for 50% ~ 90%) based on fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder, low (the Fe45 fusing point: 1100 ~ 1200 DEG C of fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder fusing point, Fe50 fusing point: 1020 ~ 1130 DEG C), both the lower argon arc of employing energy density had been made to make thermal source, also can rapid melting, ensure carrying out smoothly and good shaping of cladding process.Containing alloying elements such as C, Si, B, Cr, Ni in Fe-based self-fluxing alloy, can form the ceramic phase such as carbide, boride in cladding process, strengthening cladding layer, improves hardness, Fe45 self cladding layer hardness can reach HRC42 ~ 48, and Fe50 self cladding layer hardness can reach HRC48 ~ 52.The object of described cladding material interpolation vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, graphite is to there is in-situ metallurgical reaction in cladding process, generate the carbide of vanadium, molybdenum, the carbide that simultaneously also can form a small amount of boride and Cr with B, the Cr in fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder strengthens cladding layer further; Adding rare earth alloy is because rare earth oxide can crystal grain thinning, promotes being uniformly distributed of shape carbide, boride; Adding WC is to directly WC ceramic phase is mixed into iron-based melt, strengthening cladding layer.
Described cladding material is utilized to carry out non-melt pole Argon arc cladding, melting and coating process:
(1) direct-current tungsten electrode argon-arc welder is selected to carry out cladding, tungsten electrode diameter phi 3 ~ 4mm, straight polarity direct current, argon flow amount 8 ~ 12L/min, electric current 120 ~ 180A, arc voltage 15 ~ 20V;
(2) when adopting precoated shet cladding material, directly utilize tungsten argon arc to scan in pre-coating material Shang Zhu road as thermal source, make precoated material melt and fuse with matrix, solidify rear formation cladding layer;
(3) when adopting thin slice cladding material, first by treating cladding surface and the greasy dirt of adjacent domain, iron rust cleans out, a slice cladding material thin slice or multi-disc are joined end to end and is arranged in a straight linely treating cladding region, as thermal source, thin slice is melted formation one cladding welding bead with tungsten argon arc, clear up unfused material, then place one or more pieces cladding material thin slices in addition near this cladding welding bead, repeat above-mentioned cladding process, until complete the cladding in whole region;
(4), after cladding completes, removing surface is carried out; Repeat said process according to specific requirement and carry out multilayer cladding, meet the requirements of cladding layer thickness, last grinding is to required accessory size.
Described cladding material, based on the Fe-based self-fluxing alloy of low melting point, be easy to fusing, be shaped, cladding efficiency is high, is applicable to Argon arc cladding.Add carbide former or WC, the final ceramic phase that formed strengthens iron-based composite cladding layer, and be conducive to improving surface of the work hardness and wearability, cladding layer hardness can reach HRC51 ~ 62.
Detailed description of the invention
Require to buy the raw material such as fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder, vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, graphite, rare earth alloy, WC powder according to granularity and composition, mix according to design proportion (mass percent) alloyage powder, the each raw-material mass percent of cladding material is: fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder (50 ~ 90) %, vanadium iron (5 ~ 15) %, molybdenum-iron (1 ~ 8) %, graphite (1 ~ 5) %, WC (0 ~ 40) %, rare earth alloy (1 ~ 3) %.Add binding agent in alloy powder to stir, make wet-milling; Wet-milling is applied in advance derust through removing surface treat cladding surface and flatten, or wet-milling is compressed to flake, dries through more than 10 hours room temperatures, then dry 2 hours for 120 ~ 200 DEG C.Utilize tungsten argon arc to make thermal source cladding material is melted, form cladding layer at surface of the work.
Example one
Based on the Argon arc cladding material of fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder, fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder selects Fe45, add vanadium iron (FeV75), molybdenum-iron (FeMo55A), graphite, rare earth ferrosilicon alloy (FeSiRE45), its ratio (mass percent) is:
Fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder: vanadium iron: molybdenum-iron: graphite: rare earth ferrosilicon alloy=75:15:5:3:2
Alloyage powder also mixes, and adds suitable quantity of water glass and makes binding agent, stir, make wet-milling; Wet-milling be applied in advance the Q235B surface of low-carbon steel that derusts through removing surface and flatten, coating layer thickness is about 1mm, dries through 24 hours room temperatures, then dries 2 hours for 150 DEG C.WS-400 type direct-current tungsten electrode argon-arc welder is selected to carry out cladding, cerium tungsten electrode diameter phi 3.2mm, straight polarity direct current, argon flow amount 10L/min, electric current 150A, arc voltage 18V.Congruent melting is covered two-layer.
Clad layer surface tissue is shown in accompanying drawing 1.According to the analysis result to micro-area composition in tissue, in accompanying drawing 1, graininess, strip are based on the double carbide of vanadium carbide mutually, the formation of these carbide has remarkable effect for raising clad layer surface hardness and wearability, and test result shows, case hardness reaches HRC52.
Example two
Based on the Argon arc cladding material of fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder, fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder selects Fe50, add vanadium iron (FeV75), molybdenum-iron (FeMo55A), graphite, rare earth ferrosilicon alloy (FeSiRE45), WC powder, its ratio (mass percent) is:
Fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder: vanadium iron: molybdenum-iron: graphite: rare earth ferrosilicon alloy: WC powder=60:10:2:1.8:1.2:25 alloyage powder also mixes, and adds suitable quantity of water glass and makes binding agent, stir, make wet-milling; Wet-milling is compressed to the thin slice of 1.2mm × 8mm × 50mm, dries through 24 hours room temperatures, then dry 2 hours for 150 DEG C.Q235B surface of low-carbon steel is cleared up greasy dirt, is derusted, a slice cladding material thin slice is placed on surface of low-carbon steel, selects WS-400 type direct-current tungsten electrode argon-arc welder to carry out cladding, after cladding, non-melt material is cleaned out, place another sheet cladding material thin slice near cladding welding bead, again carry out Argon arc cladding.Repeat said process, use four cladding material thin slices altogether.Ground floor cladding layer repeats said process, carries out second layer cladding, the second layer uses three cladding material thin slices altogether.Cladding parameter is as follows: cerium tungsten electrode diameter phi 3.2mm, straight polarity direct current, argon flow amount 10L/min, electric current 140A, arc voltage 18V.
Clad layer surface tissue is shown in accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3.As shown in Figure 2, the block precipitate of grey light tone and branch eutectic area are precipitate or the eutectic precipitation district of tungsten in most regional organization.This is because add more WC (25%) in cladding material, in cladding process, part WC dissolves, and again separate out the carbide of tungsten in subsequent cooling process, the Precipitation Temperature of tungsten carbide is lower, so be distributed on crystal boundary more.And eutectic is there is in some region that W content is high, form eutectic tungsten carbide.Subregion also finds a small amount of particle or block precipitate, and as shown in Figure 3, these precipitates are double carbides of vanadium, molybdenum, chromium, tungsten, also has the WC particle that part is not molten.The formation of a large amount of carbide improves clad layer surface hardness, and case hardness reaches HRC58.
Claims (1)
1. based on the Argon arc cladding material of fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder, it is characterized in that: its composition (mass percent) is: fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder (50 ~ 90), vanadium iron (5 ~ 15), molybdenum-iron (1 ~ 8), graphite (1 ~ 5), WC (0 ~ 40), rare earth alloy (1 ~ 3); The granularity of each powder raw material is 40 ~ 200 orders, and fe-based self-fluxing alloy powder adopts Fe45 or Fe50, and its composition (mass percent) is respectively Fe45:C0.5 ~ 0.6, Si3.0 ~ 4.0, B3.0 ~ 4.0, Cr16 ~ 18, Ni12 ~ 14, Fe surplus; Fe50:C0.6 ~ 0.8, Si3.0 ~ 4.0, B3.0 ~ 4.0, Cr15 ~ 18, Ni12 ~ 15, Fe surplus.
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