CN103457315A - Solar charging control circuit - Google Patents
Solar charging control circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103457315A CN103457315A CN2013103157541A CN201310315754A CN103457315A CN 103457315 A CN103457315 A CN 103457315A CN 2013103157541 A CN2013103157541 A CN 2013103157541A CN 201310315754 A CN201310315754 A CN 201310315754A CN 103457315 A CN103457315 A CN 103457315A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control circuit which charges a storage battery with solar energy. In the present market, a mature storage battery charging protection circuit does not exist, charging quantity of the storage battery is not monitored in time, the storage battery is excessively charged easily, and consequently the service life of the storage battery is shortened. The solar charging control circuit comprises a solar battery panel, a polarity protecting diode D0, a voltage comparator, a current comparator and a storage battery charging and discharging control switch circuit. The voltage comparator is used for controlling the magnitude of charging voltage. The current comparator is used for controlling the magnitude of charging currents. The charging control circuit controls frequent switching of an electronic switch field-effect tube Q1 through the voltage comparator and the current comparator according to the strength of the solar panel and the demanding degree of the storage battery for charging, thus, the aim of controlling the charging currents and the charging voltage is achieved. The solar charging control circuit can effectively solve the problem of excessive charging of the storage battery and greatly prolong the service life of the storage battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solar charging electric control loop, relate to a kind of circuit, be specifically related to the control loop that a kind of solar energy is charge in batteries.
Background technology
So-called solar cell application, be actually the unstable electric energy produced with solar panel, through complicated current/voltage, controls, and charges a battery, and allows the storage battery can relatively stable ground storage power, for load steadily.Storage battery is enervated equipment, charges improperly will shorten useful life, even damages.Therefore the charging method of conventional constant voltage, constant current can not reach and extend the lead acid accumulator purpose in useful life.The supervising device that is charge in batteries for solar energy does not on the market at present also improve ripe, charging to storage battery detects also not in time, still need by manually rule of thumb regularly regularly judging whether storage battery is full of, and is easy to cause overcharging of storage battery, reduces its useful life.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of automatic monitoring shoot the sun can be the control loop of charge in batteries, solved the loaded down with trivial details step of manual detection accumulator electric-quantity, this circuit automatically detects accumulator electric-quantity and controls the size of solar recharging electric current and voltage, adopt floating charge and continuous mode of filling, the transformation efficiency of electric energy is higher, avoided, to the overcharging of storage battery, greatly having extended the useful life of storage battery.
Circuit of the present invention comprises solar panel U0, polarity protection diode D0, solar charging electric control loop part, storage battery charge control circuit.
The positive pole of polarity protection diode D0 connects the positive terminal of solar panel U0, and the negative pole of polarity protection diode D0 is connected with the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1.
The solar charging electric control loop partly comprises voltage comparator circuit and current comparator circuit, wherein:
Voltage comparator circuit comprises the first operational amplifier U1A, the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2, the first swing arm sample resistance RW1, the first diode D1, the first voltage stabilizing element DW1, the first electrochemical capacitor C1.One end of the Vin input of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1 and the first resistance R 1 all is connected with the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1, one end of the Gnd ground end of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1, the negative pole of the first electrochemical capacitor C1, the second resistance R 2 connects into common port and is connected with the negative pole ground of storage battery BT1, and the Vout output of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1 and the positive pole of the first electrochemical capacitor C1 are connected to the in-phase input end of the first operational amplifier U1A.The other end of the first resistance R 1 is connected to the end of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1, the other end of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1 is connected with the other end of the second resistance R 2, and the swing arm end output of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1 is as the inverting input of the first operational amplifier U1A.The output of the first operational amplifier U1A is linked the negative pole of the first diode D1, and the positive pole of the first diode D1 is connected to the control utmost point G end of field effect transistor Q1.The positive terminal voltage "+" of storage battery BT1 provides positive voltage for U1A, and the negative pole ground voltage of solar cell U0 provides negative voltage for U1A.
Current comparator circuit comprises the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, the second voltage stabilizing element DW2, the second electrochemical capacitor C2, the second diode D2, the 3rd resistance R 3 and the second swing arm sample resistance RW2.The Vin input of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2 is connected to the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1, and the end of the negative pole of ground end Gnd, the second electrochemical capacitor C2 of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2, an end of the 3rd resistance R 3 and the second swing arm sample resistance RW2 is connected together and is connected to the negative pole ground end of solar cell U0 as common port.The Vout output of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2 connects the in-phase input end as the second operational amplifier U1B together with the positive pole of the second electrochemical capacitor C2, the output of the second operational amplifier U1B is connected to the negative pole of the second diode D2, and the positive terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the control utmost point G end of field effect transistor Q1.The other end of the output of the inverting input of the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, the second swing arm sample resistance RW2 connects together.The source S end of the negative pole of the in-phase input end of the 3rd operational amplifier U1C and the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3, field effect transistor Q1, the other end of the 3rd resistance R 3 couple together.The inverting input of the 3rd operational amplifier U1C is connected with the swing arm end of the second swing arm sample resistance RW2.The positive terminal voltage "+" of storage battery BT1 provides positive voltage for the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, and the negative pole ground voltage of solar cell U0 provides negative voltage for the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C.
Storage battery charge control circuit comprises a storage battery BT1, field effect transistor Q1, the 3rd an electrochemical capacitor C3 and the 4th resistance R 4.The drain D end of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the negative pole ground of storage battery BT1 end.One end of the 4th resistance R 4 all is connected with the positive terminal "+" of storage battery BT1 with the positive pole of the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3, and the other end of the 4th resistance R 4 is received the control utmost point G end of field effect transistor Q1.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the advantage of circuit of the present invention is to build the residual electricity amount that analog circuit is monitored storage battery automatically, by electronic switch, automatically controls the floating charge of solar cell to storage battery.Avoided the redundancy step of hand inspection accumulator electric-quantity, because adopt hardware circuit to monitor in real time, very rapid for the reaction of battery circuit, the residual electricity amount of effectively real-time comparison storage battery, avoid overcharging of storage battery, greatly delay the useful life of storage battery.The components and parts mature and reliable that the present invention adopts, with low cost, source is abundant.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is physical circuit figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
The solar charging electric control loop comprises solar panel U0, polarity protection diode D0, solar charging electric control loop part, storage battery charge control circuit as shown in Figure 1.
The positive pole of solar cell U0 is connected to the positive pole of polarity protection diode D0, and the negative pole of D0 is connected with the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1.Polarity protection diode D0, as the polarity protection of whole circuit, damages circuit element while preventing from inputting reverse polarity connection.Just in case the input circuit short circuit, D0 also can stop storage battery BT1 short circuit dischange because both end voltage is inverted.Because common rectifier diode has the pressure drop of 0.50 ~ 1V; this is a very large droop loss to solar panel U0; for this this device polarity protection diode D0 has adopted the IN5822 rectifier diode of low-power consumption low pressure drop, overcome the defect of general-purpose diode.
The solar charging electric control loop partly comprises voltage comparator circuit and current comparator circuit.
Wherein voltage comparator circuit comprises the first operational amplifier U1A, the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2, the first swing arm sample resistance RW1, the first diode D1, the first voltage stabilizing element DW1, the first electrochemical capacitor C1.Voltage comparator circuit is the control for the charging voltage size.The first operational amplifier U1A is the core devices of voltage comparator circuit.Herein U1A is used by open loop approach, can realize quick comparing function.Operational amplifier under open loop situations, need only its positive input terminal voltage a little more than negative input end, and output, for just, is just just negative otherwise export, and responds very rapid.The positive input terminal that the Vout output of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1 and the positive pole of the first electrochemical capacitor C1 are connected to U1A together is used as the input of reference data voltage, DW1 adopts the voltage stabilizing element HT series of low-power consumption high stability that basis of reference voltage is provided herein, and the Vin input of DW1 is connected with the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1.The first electrochemical capacitor C1 adds the output that can make DW1 more stable.One end of the first resistance R 1 is connected with the positive pole of storage battery BT1, the other end is connected to the end of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1, one end of the second resistance R 2 is connected with the other end of RW1, RW1 is the sample resistance of battery tension, obtain feedback voltage from the two ends of storage battery BT1, take out the reverse inter-input-ing voltage that the sampling dividing potential drop is used as the first operational amplifier U1A on the swing arm end of RW1.Due to the supervision of this voltage comparator for storage battery BT1 voltage, so the negative pole of the Gnd ground of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1 end, the first electrochemical capacitor C1 also has the other end of the second resistance R 2 all to follow the negative pole ground of storage battery BT1 to be connected.The output of U1A is linked the negative pole of the first diode D1, and the positive pole of D1 is connected to the control utmost point G end of electronic switch field effect transistor Q1.Make electronic switch with the field effect transistor Q1 of N raceway groove in Fig. 1, when the voltage of the control utmost point G of Q1 end to the source S end > during 3V, the Q1 conducting, storage battery is in being recharged state.Otherwise the Q1 cut-off, storage battery stops charging.Control the control utmost point G terminal potential of electronic switch Q1, whether just can control the charging of storage battery BT1.When the sampling dividing potential drop at the first swing arm sample resistance RW1 place during higher than the first operational amplifier U1A positive input terminal reference voltage, the output of U1A is low rapidly, drop-down through the first diode D1, the control utmost point of electronic switch Q1 is also low, Q1 ends rapidly, now charging circuit disconnects, and storage battery BT1 stops charging.After this battery tension can be because of the electric discharge slow decreasing, and the sampling dividing potential drop of RW1 also can descend in proportion.When this sampling voltage during lower than U1A positive input terminal reference voltage, U1A output is rapidly high, electronic switch Q1 is because controlling very high conducting rapidly, power supply circuits closure now, storage battery starts again to be recharged, the voltage of storage battery rises thereupon gradually, and the sampling minute pressure side of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1 is also and then boosted.When the sampling dividing potential drop of RW1 during higher than U1A positive input terminal reference voltage, the output of U1A is lower jumping rapidly again, and electronic switch Q1 is and then cut-off rapidly also, and charging circuit disconnects again, so go round and begin again, the charging voltage of storage battery BT1 can be accurately controlled on the value of a setting.
Current comparator circuit comprises the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, the second voltage stabilizing element DW2, the second electrochemical capacitor C2, the second diode D2, the 3rd resistance R 3 and the second swing arm sample resistance RW2.Current comparator circuit is the control for charging current.Get the second operational amplifier U1B and compare device in this circuit.The Vin input of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2 is connected to the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1, the Vout output of DW2 connects the in-phase input end as U1B together with the positive pole of the second electrochemical capacitor C2, and this in-phase input end is as the basis of reference current potential of current comparator circuit.Wherein C2 is as the filter of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2.Because this current comparator is to take the negative pole ground end of solar panel U0 to carry out the monitoring of charging current as reference point, so all being connected to the negative pole ground of solar panel U0, holds at the end of an end of the negative pole of the Gnd ground of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2 end, the second electrochemical capacitor C2, the 3rd resistance R 3 and the second swing arm sample resistance RW2.The end of the output of the inverting input of the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, the second swing arm sample resistance RW2 connects together.One end of the source S end of the negative pole of the in-phase input end of U1C and the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3, field effect transistor Q1 and the 3rd resistance R 3 couples together.The inverting input of U1C is connected with the swing arm end of RW2.The Current Negative Three-Point Capacitance signal is taken from the 3rd resistance R 3, and solar panel U0 enters ground to the charging current of storage battery BT1 through R3, and the voltage drop at R3 two ends is directly proportional to the size of charging current.The 3rd operational amplifier U1C is connected into to common negative feedback forward linear amplifier, after the voltage at R3 two ends is amplified, is sent to the negative input end of the second operational amplifier U1B.When the voltage of U1B negative input end during higher than the reference voltage of anode, it is negative that U1B output becomes rapidly, and field effect transistor Q1 ends immediately, and storage battery BT1 stops charging, the R3 two ends lose voltage at once, the output of the 3rd operational amplifier U1C return immediately 0, U1B because of positive input terminal voltage higher than negative input end, so its output uprises immediately, field effect transistor Q1 is conducting immediately, storage battery BT1 starts again charging, can one charging cause again the rapid step-down of output of U1B, Q1 ends again.So frequent vibration, storage battery BT1 has obtained the mean charging current of certain amount, size of current is determined by the multiplication factor of the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, regulates the second swing arm sample resistance RW2 and can change the multiplication factor of U1C, thereby reach the control of charging current.The resistance of the 3rd resistance R 3 can not be too large, otherwise can excessively increase the internal power consumption of circuit, affects the efficiency of solar panel.
Storage battery charge control circuit comprises a storage battery BT1, field effect transistor Q1, the 4th resistance R 4 and the 3rd an electrochemical capacitor C3.The drain D end of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the negative pole ground of storage battery BT1 end.One end of the 4th resistance R 4, the positive pole of the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3 are connected with the positive terminal "+" of storage battery BT1.Because the first operational amplifier U1A is used by open loop approach, its sensitivity is high, the output ripple that electronic switch Q1 is trickle will be subject to the adjusting of U1A, add the filtering of the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3, storage battery can obtain very steady electricity supply voltage, even the dismounting storage battery, the output of Q1 is in the same old way steady.
Claims (1)
1. the solar charging electric control loop, comprise solar panel U0, polarity protection diode D0, solar charging electric control loop part, storage battery charge control circuit, it is characterized in that:
The positive pole of polarity protection diode D0 connects the positive terminal of solar panel U0, and the negative pole of polarity protection diode D0 is connected with the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1;
The solar charging electric control loop partly comprises voltage comparator circuit and current comparator circuit, wherein:
Voltage comparator circuit comprises the first operational amplifier U1A, the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2, the first swing arm sample resistance RW1, the first diode D1, the first voltage stabilizing element DW1, the first electrochemical capacitor C1; One end of the Vin input of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1 and the first resistance R 1 all is connected with the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1, one end of the Gnd ground end of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1, the negative pole of the first electrochemical capacitor C1, the second resistance R 2 connects into common port and is connected with the negative pole ground of storage battery BT1, and the Vout output of the first voltage stabilizing element DW1 and the positive pole of the first electrochemical capacitor C1 are connected to the in-phase input end of the first operational amplifier U1A; The other end of the first resistance R 1 is connected to the end of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1, the other end of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1 is connected with the other end of the second resistance R 2, and the swing arm end output of the first swing arm sample resistance RW1 is as the inverting input of the first operational amplifier U1A; The output of the first operational amplifier U1A is linked the negative pole of the first diode D1, and the positive pole of the first diode D1 is connected to the control utmost point G end of field effect transistor Q1; The positive terminal voltage "+" of storage battery BT1 provides positive voltage for U1A, and the negative pole ground voltage of solar cell U0 provides negative voltage for U1A;
Current comparator circuit comprises the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, the second voltage stabilizing element DW2, the second electrochemical capacitor C2, the second diode D2, the 3rd resistance R 3 and the second swing arm sample resistance RW2; The Vin input of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2 is connected to the positive pole "+" of storage battery BT1, and the end of the negative pole of ground end Gnd, the second electrochemical capacitor C2 of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2, an end of the 3rd resistance R 3 and the second swing arm sample resistance RW2 is connected together and is connected to the negative pole ground end of solar cell U0 as common port; The Vout output of the second voltage stabilizing element DW2 connects the in-phase input end as the second operational amplifier U1B together with the positive pole of the second electrochemical capacitor C2, the output of the second operational amplifier U1B is connected to the negative pole of the second diode D2, and the positive terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the control utmost point G end of field effect transistor Q1; The other end of the output of the inverting input of the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, the second swing arm sample resistance RW2 connects together; The source S end of the negative pole of the in-phase input end of the 3rd operational amplifier U1C and the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3, field effect transistor Q1, the other end of the 3rd resistance R 3 couple together; The inverting input of the 3rd operational amplifier U1C is connected with the swing arm end of the second swing arm sample resistance RW2; The positive terminal voltage "+" of storage battery BT1 provides positive voltage for the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C, and the negative pole ground voltage of solar cell U0 provides negative voltage for the second operational amplifier U1B, the 3rd operational amplifier U1C;
Storage battery charge control circuit comprises a storage battery BT1, field effect transistor Q1, the 3rd an electrochemical capacitor C3 and the 4th resistance R 4; The drain D end of field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the negative pole ground of storage battery BT1 end; One end of the 4th resistance R 4 all is connected with the positive terminal "+" of storage battery BT1 with the positive pole of the 3rd electrochemical capacitor C3, and the other end of the 4th resistance R 4 is received the control utmost point G end of field effect transistor Q1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013103157541A CN103457315A (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-07-25 | Solar charging control circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2013103157541A CN103457315A (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-07-25 | Solar charging control circuit |
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| CN103457315A true CN103457315A (en) | 2013-12-18 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109088464A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2018-12-25 | 上海亿倍迅电气有限公司 | Charging circuit and charger with the circuit with defencive function |
| CN112019818A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-01 | 山东联合电力产业发展有限公司 | Power line monitoring terminal system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201523248U (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2010-07-07 | 武汉力源信息技术股份有限公司 | Intelligent charger |
| CN201877864U (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-06-22 | 浙江埃菲生能源科技有限公司 | Charge control circuit of storage batteries |
| CN203416011U (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2014-01-29 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Solar charging control loop |
-
2013
- 2013-07-25 CN CN2013103157541A patent/CN103457315A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201523248U (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2010-07-07 | 武汉力源信息技术股份有限公司 | Intelligent charger |
| CN201877864U (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-06-22 | 浙江埃菲生能源科技有限公司 | Charge control circuit of storage batteries |
| CN203416011U (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2014-01-29 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Solar charging control loop |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109088464A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2018-12-25 | 上海亿倍迅电气有限公司 | Charging circuit and charger with the circuit with defencive function |
| CN109088464B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2023-09-22 | 上海竞帆亿倍迅电气科技有限公司 | Charging circuit with protection function and charger with same |
| CN112019818A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-01 | 山东联合电力产业发展有限公司 | Power line monitoring terminal system |
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Application publication date: 20131218 |