CN103444317B - One kind is used for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding - Google Patents

One kind is used for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding Download PDF

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CN103444317B
CN103444317B CN201310359014.8A CN201310359014A CN103444317B CN 103444317 B CN103444317 B CN 103444317B CN 201310359014 A CN201310359014 A CN 201310359014A CN 103444317 B CN103444317 B CN 103444317B
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wheel
seeding
sprocket
seed
plough
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CN103444317A (en
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路战远
杨彬
程玉臣
张向前
张德健
刘孝忱
张建中
王玉芬
咸丰
白海
妥德宝
赵沛义
田玉花
杨少楠
孙鸿举
张富荣
郭晓霞
王若云
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Hohhot Delixin Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
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Abstract

It is used for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding the invention discloses one kind, it includes frame, fertilizer apparatus, feed mechanism for seed, seed-fertilizer box, breaking plough, suppression mechanism, land wheel, transmission mechanism etc..The machine employs the transmission mechanism that breaking trench digging seed manure gives planter, press wheel mechanism monomer, the wide spacing crossbeam frame of high-clearance and a variety of concentralized controls.Realize breaking trench digging, seed manure give, the half essence amount no-tillage seeding of wheat, corn, coarse cereals and granule grass seed.Especially solve crop cover winding blockings during no-tillage seeding, hilling, seed manure it is mixed apply, plough bury it is difficult, the problems such as many, earthing earth's surface injustice and big tractive resistance are disturbed to soil layer.Implement structure is simple, and easy to operate, a tractor serves several purposes, manufacturing cost is cheap, suitable planting specialist, middle and small farm popularization and application.

Description

One kind is used for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural machinery, the Unit erriger for nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding of farm work is referred in particular to.
Background technology
Implement conservation tillage have protect the fields, reduces airborne dust, retain and conserve soil moisture, resisting drought saving water, culture fertility, increase it is native Earth organic matter, promotes utilization of returning crop stocks to the field, and reduces greenhouse gas emission, improves per unit area yield, reduces a variety of work(such as cost, increase income Effect, is the revolutionary agro-farming measure of synchronous an economic benefit and ecological benefits, peasant and national doulbe-sides' victory, with significant warp Ji, ecological and social benefit.The outfitting tool no-tillage seeding machine of conservation tillage mode is the key for realizing the technology.
No-tillage seeding machine is without ploughing the equipment sowed on whole stub land.No-tillage seeding machine is as various countries are to no-tillage agriculture The attention of industry and grow up.It during operation, can reach cut-out crop residue cover layer on stub land, ease out one and required with crop The suitable seeding belt of depth of planting;Seed is sown into by the row of crop requirement, spacing in the rows and depth, and ensures the good of seed and soil Contact, appropriate compacting soil;Increase some workpieces, can once complete such as fertilising, herbicide and agrochemical multi-mode operation. The features such as such as U.S.'s no-tillage seeding machine mostly with large-scale, high speed, wide cut, integration of operation, and have a variety of seedings, trench digging, town The parts such as pressure, to meet the requirement of Different Crop and edaphic condition, plant and fertilizer broadcast that the amount of applying adjusting range is big, precision is high, crucial Part highly versatile, complete machine adapts to wide.To reduce machine pressure ground number of times, sowing function carries out soil cultivation, applies fertilizer, broadcasts simultaneously The operations such as kind, spray.
At present, Chinese large-sized no-tillage seeding machine is from foreign countries' introduction mostly.But domestic and international agriculture requirement, soil regime etc. Have differences, using there is certain inadaptability.For example, the JD1590 type wheats of John deer company of U.S. production are no-tillage Seeder, employs single-disc colter, and breaking ability is strong, but plough can only seed manure be mixed applies, and dose is small, it is impossible to meet me The big requirement of state's dose.In addition, external large-scale equipment manufacturing cost is high, and it is expensive, far beyond the purchase of Chinese farmers Ability, is not suitable for a large amount of import popularization and application, the implementation of influence peasant household of China and middle-size and small-size farm protective farming technique.
In recent years, in order to meet the requirement of protective farming technique, China designs and develops out a variety of light-duty no-tillage broadcast The machine of kind.These no-tillage seeding machines are compared with general seeder, and its design feature is mainly on ditching device, in order to adapt to toothing The surface conditions on ground, can reach cut-out crop residue cover layer, and a conventional batch plough of cutting has 3 types:(1) ripple cutting disc.Its week The ripple cutting knife on side cuts a batch penetration performance with good.But its Tu Gou outputed is wider, unavoidable disturbed soil;Chisel teeth or Narrow hoe shovel type ditching machine with dual, simple in construction, penetration performance is good, but easily blocks;(3) narrow rotation ridge buster.Have preferably loosen the soil, it is broken Soil nature energy, but need to be driven by power output shaft, it is complicated.So, due to the deficiency of these main working parts, cause at present When no-tillage seeding machine has operation, it is impossible to directly cut off straw root stubble, effectively prevent winding and blocking of the straw to equipment, Also, it is more to land disturbance compared with wide to output kind of ditch, the problems such as earthing makes earth's surface out-of-flatness and can not broadcast granule grass seed.
The content of the invention
It is used for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of farm work.
The technical problem of the present invention is solved by following scheme:One kind is used for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding, including Hanger bracket, land wheel, breaking plough, suppression mechanism, depth of planting adjustable plate, seed spout, press wheel pressure regulating mechanism, machine Frame, feed mechanism for seed, seed-fertilizer box, row fat sprocket, fertilizer apparatus, tensioning wheel, fertilizer delivering pipe, transmission system, flow rate governor motion, defertilizing amount Governor motion, the earth wheel sprocket, small ground wheel sprocket, big seeding sprocket wheel, small seeding sprocket wheel;
The breaking plough is arranged on the front and rear crossbeam of frame by male steel sleeve-board and bolt and nut, the defeated fertilizer Pipe is welded on behind the breaking plough;The quantity of the breaking plough can be adjusted, and its arrangement can be 2 after preceding 1 Or 2 after preceding 3, it is straggly to be arranged on the crossbeam of frame front and back end two, to adapt to different sowing demands;
The seed spout is connected to fertilizer delivering pipe rear end by screw bolt and nut, can by adjustment bolt and nut, change fertilizer, The distance between kind and depth of planting, to realize the purpose of seed manure layer distributing;
The suppression mechanism is fixed on after frame on end floor beam, and aligns arrangement with breaking plough noted earlier, suppression Wheel is using the hollow zero-pressure rubber wheel with disc unshakable in one's determination;
The feed mechanism for seed uses two kinds of forms of external feed and cell-seed distributor, on the right side of mobile seed-fertilizer box The regulation handle of flow rate governor motion can exchange pocket and external recessing, to adapt to the requirement for broadcasting different seeds;
The transmission system is by land wheel, the earth wheel sprocket, small ground wheel sprocket, big seeding sprocket wheel, small seeding sprocket wheel, driving-chain Bar is constituted.It is that power is transmitted into feed mechanism for seed and fertilizer apparatus respectively that it, which is acted on, and the earth wheel sprocket and small ground wheel sprocket and land wheel are coaxial It is connected, big seeding sprocket wheel and small seeding sprocket wheel are coaxially connected with feed mechanism for seed axle.During sowing, transmission system can be adjusted using the earth Wheel sprocket and small seeding chain wheel set are closed or small ground wheel sprocket and the combination of big seeding sprocket wheel, to obtain different speed of drilling.
Wherein also include stepped-wheel type gearbox, it is arranged between ground wheel sprocket and seeding sprocket wheel, by adjusting the tower Wheeled gearbox can obtain different speed of drilling, reach semi-accuracy seeding requirement.
Wherein described breaking plough is wedge angle wing shovel, and spear cutting edge angle is 38 °, and spear penetrating angle is 52 °.
Wherein described breaking plough both sides shovel wing width is 33mm, it is ensured that plough outputs narrow kind ditch(About 35- 40mm), by adjusting the relative altitude of breaking plough and land wheel, can adjust breaking plough working depth, its adjustable range For 80~100mm.
The position that the breaking plough spade covers in convex is wherein adjusted above and below, fertilization depth, regulation is can adjust Scope is between 80~100mm.
Crossbeam spacing is set before and after wherein described frame, it is ensured that front and rear breaking plough spacing is 600mm;The land wheel is straight Footpath is 515mm.Therefore, wide spacing high-clearance is realized, the agriculture requirement of straw winding not hilling when meeting equipment operation.
Wherein described seed spout is leg of a boot formula.
The advantage of the invention is that:(1) implement structure is simple, easy to operate.The a diameter of 515mm of land wheel, makes liftoff of frame Gap is big.Front and rear case bay is increased(600mm), the winding blocking of straw stubble can be effectively prevented, will not produce and twine careless existing with hilling As equipment is good by performance.(2) wedge angle wing shovel type stubble-cutting plough is used, and penetrating angle is 52 °, and penetration performance is good;Spear and ridge Bottom of trench is in 8 ° of inclination angles, and spear downwards, improves plough penetration performance, makes equipment tractive resistance small;Spear cutting edge angle is 38 °, The sharp stubble and hard straw for being easy to cut off earth's surface of cutting edge;The flank of plough two shovels width only 33mm, can output narrow ditch as kind Bed, it is small to soil disturbance, return native ability strong.(3) the seeder a tractor serves several purposes.After corresponding feed mechanism for seed is changed, jade can be both sowed Rice, can sow the coarse cereals such as wheat, millet again.Also it can be set up in transmission system after stepped-wheel type gearbox, can also realize half essence amount Sowing, for sowing granule grass seed, for grassland rejuvenation renewal, after-culture of loosening the soil etc..When such as sowing clover, the every mu of amount of broadcasting can Control improves the utilization rate of equipment at 0.5kg/ mus or so.(4) seed manure can be realized with layered sowing above and below ditch.Using shoe seeding Pipe, can exactly be discharged into seed is stable in kind of bed, and form wider loose seedling band, be easy to neutron absorption soil nutrient and Growth.(5) press wheel uses the hollow zero-pressure rubber wheel with disc unshakable in one's determination, and it is arranged on the crossbeam behind frame by support, The press wheel of individual profiling has suppression of soil and the deep double effects of limit.Both normal rotation can be ensured, seedling band earthing can be made again It is smooth good.(6) seeder can disposably complete trench digging, layer by layer manuring sowing, suppression all sowing works under the traction of tractor Skill, reduces input cost, simplifies flow chart.Suitable specialist, medium and small agriculture and animal husbandry popularization and application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the present invention for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding front view;
Fig. 2 is the present invention for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding top view;
Fig. 3 a are the no-tillage seeding machine breaking plough schematic front view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 b are the no-tillage seeding machine breaking plough schematic top plan views of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the present invention for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding transmission system schematic diagram.
Description of reference numerals:
Hanger bracket 1, land wheel 2, breaking plough 3, suppression mechanism 4, depth of planting adjustable plate 5, seed spout 6, suppression wheel load Power governor motion 7, frame 8, feed mechanism for seed 9, seed-fertilizer box 10, row fat sprocket 11, fertilizer apparatus 12, tensioning wheel 13, fertilizer delivering pipe 14, transmission System 15, flow rate governor motion 16, defertilizing amount governor motion 17, the earth wheel sprocket 19, small ground wheel sprocket 18, big seeding sprocket wheel 21st, small seeding sprocket wheel 20, stepped-wheel type gearbox 22.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding that is used for of the invention is opened by hanger bracket 1, land wheel 2, breaking Ditch device 3, suppression mechanism 4, depth of planting adjustable plate 5, seed spout 6, press wheel pressure regulating mechanism 7, frame 8, feed mechanism for seed 9, kind Fertilizer box 10, row fat sprocket 11, fertilizer apparatus 12, tensioning wheel 13, fertilizer delivering pipe 14, transmission system 15, flow rate governor motion 16, row Fertilizer amount governor motion 17, the earth wheel sprocket 19, small ground wheel sprocket 18, big seeding sprocket wheel 21, small seeding sprocket wheel 20, stepped-wheel type speed change The grade of case 22 part is constituted.
The breaking plough 3 is arranged on the front and rear crossbeam of frame 8 by convex steel bushing and bolt and nut.Its effect is The stubble and hard straw of earth's surface are cut off, and outputs narrow ditch as kind of a bed, then again by defeated behind the breaking plough 3 Plant pipe 6 and fertilizer delivering pipe 14 sows seed and fertilizer.As shown in accompanying drawing 3a, 3b, the breaking plough 3 is designed as wedge angle wing shovel Formula.Spear cutting edge angle is 38 °, the sharp stubble and hard straw for being easy to cut off earth's surface of cutting edge, it is ensured that equipment straw winding is not stopped up Soil;Spear penetrating angle is designed as 52 °, and spear downwards, is easy to bury, and reduces equipment tractive resistance;The both sides of breaking plough 3 Shovel wing width is 33mm, it is ensured that plough outputs narrow kind ditch(About 35-40mm), disturbed soil, does not make to broadcast rear ground straw Coverage rate is more than 30%.By the relative altitude for adjusting breaking plough 3 and land wheel 2, you can regulation breaking plough 3 works depth Degree, its adjustable range is 80~100mm.By sowing crop requirement, the quantity of plough 3 also can adjust.During such as seeding corn, break Stubble plough 3 be arranged as preceding 1 after 2, straggly to be arranged on the crossbeam of frame 2 front and back end two, the correspondence of suppression mechanism 4 is installed in frame After 8 on end floor beam.When sowing the coarse cereals such as wheat, millet, rotten broomcorn millet, flax, plough 3 be arranged as preceding 3 after 2, it is straggly to be arranged on On the crossbeam of frame 2 front and back end two, increase the spacing between adjacent plough 3 on same crossbeam, equipment can be improved by performance, The correspondence of suppression mechanism 4 is arranged on after frame 8 on end floor beam.By the spade of adjustment breaking plough 3 up and down in the position of convex steel bushing Put, you can regulated fertilization depth, adjustable range is between 80~100mm.
The spade of the breaking plough 3 is that, by the forged shaping of manganese steel, rigidity and intensity are high.It is wear-resistant, it is not easy to break.
Described fertilizer delivering pipe 14 is welded on the described side wing rear end of plough 3, and it is conveying sowing fertilizers that it, which is acted on,.It is described Seed spout 14 rear end of seed spout 6 is connected to screw bolt and nut.In order to realize seed manure layered sowing, first fertilising, rear sowing, The purpose that seed manure vertically gives, fertilizer, kind vertical interval are about 30~50mm.It can change fertilizer by adjustment bolt and nut, plant it Between distance.
The seed spout 6 is connected to the rear end of fertilizer delivering pipe 14 by screw bolt and nut, and the depth of planting of seeder is by adjusting Whole seed spout 6 realizes that depth of planting adjustable range is between 30~50mm with the position of two connecting plates of fertilizer delivering pipe 14.
Crossbeam spacing is wider before and after the frame 8, makes the front and rear spacing of breaking plough 3 up to 600mm.Due to the land wheel 2 are relatively large in diameter, and have raised the terrain clearance of frame 8.When ensuring equipment operation, it will not produce and twine grass and hilling phenomenon.
The suppression mechanism 4 is fixed on after frame 8 on end floor beam, and aligns arrangement with breaking plough 3 noted earlier. Press wheel is arranged on travel(l)ing rest, travel(l)ing rest and fixed support hinged connection, suppression mechanism 4 is made with individual profiling With.Press wheel uses the hollow zero-pressure rubber wheel with disc unshakable in one's determination, and the press wheel of individual profiling has suppression of soil and limits depth Double effects.Its diameter design is 350mm, wide 60mm, can both ensure normal rotation, can make seedling band earthing smooth good again.
The pressure regulating mechanism 7 is connected with the suppression mechanism fixed support and travel(l)ing rest respectively, and it is limit that it, which is acted on, The earthing and pressure of press wheel processed.Its earthing pressure can realize by adjusting the compression spring on pressure regulating mechanism 7, from And adapt to the compacting to different soils.
The fertilizer apparatus 12 uses outer groove-wheel fertilizer mechanism.Defertilizing amount can adjust hand by the defertilizing amount in the left side of seed-fertilizer box 10 Handle 17 is adjusted.Outer groove-wheel work in work segment length control defertilizing amount size of the outer groove-wheel in fertilizer apparatus 12, fertilizer apparatus 12 Duan Yuechang, defertilizing amount is bigger, otherwise smaller.
The feed mechanism for seed 9 uses two kinds of forms of external recessing and cell-seed distributor.Can be by moving left and right kind The regulation handle of the flow rate governor motion 16 of the both sides of fertilizer box 10 can exchange pocket and external recessing.In sowing wheat Sowed during coarse cereals using external recessing, while changing transmission system uses small ground wheel sprocket 18,21 groups of big seeding sprocket wheel Close, to reduce the rotating speed of seed wheel, improve seeding accuracy.In seeding corn, using cell-seed distributor, while changing transmission System is combined using the earth wheel sprocket 19 and small seeding sprocket wheel 20.
The transmission system 15 is by land wheel 2, the earth wheel sprocket 19, small ground wheel sprocket 18, big seeding sprocket wheel 21, small seeding chain Wheel 20, driving chain and stepped-wheel type gearbox 22 are constituted.Its effect is that power is transmitted to feed mechanism for seed 9 and fertilizer apparatus 12 respectively, Quantitatively to discharge kind, fertilizer.The earth wheel sprocket 19 and small ground wheel sprocket 18 with land wheel 2 is coaxial is connected, the big He of seeding sprocket wheel 21 Small seeding sprocket wheel 20 is coaxially connected with the axle of feed mechanism for seed 9.In seeding corn, change transmission system and use the earth wheel sprocket 19 and small Seeding sprocket wheel 20 is combined.When sowing coarse cereals, combined using small ground wheel sprocket 18 and big seeding sprocket wheel 21, to reduce seed wheel Rotating speed, improve seeding accuracy.Or stepped-wheel type gearbox 22 is installed between ground wheel sprocket and seeding sprocket wheel, as shown in figure 4, its It is arranged between ground wheel sprocket and seeding sprocket wheel, realizes various crop concentralized control, seeder is turned into half-precision seeding machine, both Various coarse cereals seeds can be suitably broadcasted sowing, granule grass seed, such as clover can be also broadcasted sowing.

Claims (7)

1. one kind is used for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding, it is characterised in that seeder includes hanger bracket (1), land wheel (2), broken Stubble plough (3), suppression mechanism (4), depth of planting adjustable plate (5), seed spout (6), press wheel pressure regulating mechanism (7), machine Frame (8), feed mechanism for seed (9), seed-fertilizer box (10), row fat sprocket (11), fertilizer apparatus (12), tensioning wheel (13), fertilizer delivering pipe (14), transmission System (15), flow rate governor motion (16), defertilizing amount governor motion (17), the earth wheel sprocket (19), small ground wheel sprocket (18), Big seeding sprocket wheel (21), small seeding sprocket wheel (20);
The breaking plough (3) is arranged on the front and rear crossbeam of frame (8) by convex steel bushing and bolt and nut, the defeated kind Manage (6) and fertilizer delivering pipe (14) is arranged on behind the breaking plough (3);The quantity of the breaking plough (3) can be adjusted It is whole, its arrange can be 2 or preceding 3 after preceding 1 after 2, it is straggly to be arranged on the crossbeam of frame (8) front and back end two, broadcast with adapting to difference The demand of kind;
The seed spout (6) is connected to fertilizer delivering pipe (14) rear end by screw bolt and nut, can be changed by adjustment bolt and nut The distance between fertilizer, kind and depth of planting;
The suppression mechanism (4) is fixed on frame (8) afterwards on end floor beam, and aligns arrangement with breaking plough (3) noted earlier, Press wheel uses the hollow zero-pressure rubber wheel with disc unshakable in one's determination;
The feed mechanism for seed (9) uses two kinds of forms of external feed and cell-seed distributor, right by mobile seed-fertilizer box (10) The regulation handle of the flow rate governor motion (16) of side can exchange pocket and external recessing, to adapt to different seeds Size;
The transmission system (15) is by land wheel (2), the earth wheel sprocket (19), small ground wheel sprocket (18), big seeding sprocket wheel (21), small Seeding sprocket wheel (20), driving chain composition, its effect is that power is transmitted to feed mechanism for seed (9) and fertilizer apparatus (12), big land wheel respectively Sprocket wheel (19) and small ground wheel sprocket (18) and land wheel (2) be coaxial to be connected, big seeding sprocket wheel (21) and small seeding sprocket wheel (20) and row Plant device (9) axle to be coaxially connected, during sowing, transmission system can be adjusted using the earth wheel sprocket (19) and small seeding sprocket wheel (20) group Close or small ground wheel sprocket (18) and big seeding sprocket wheel (21) combination, to obtain different speed of drilling;
Breaking plough (3) spade is wherein adjusted above and below in the position of convex steel bushing, fertilization depth is can adjust.
2. it is a kind of as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding, wherein also including stepped-wheel type speed change Case (22), it is arranged between ground wheel sprocket and seeding sprocket wheel, can obtained not by adjusting the stepped-wheel type gearbox (22) Same speed of drilling.
3. it is a kind of as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding, wherein the breaking plough (3) For wedge angle wing shovel, spear cutting edge angle is 38 °, and spear penetrating angle is 52 °.
4. it is a kind of as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding, wherein the breaking plough (3) Both sides shovel wing width be 33mm, it is ensured that plough output width be 35-40mm kind ditch, by adjust breaking plough (3) with The relative altitude of land wheel (2), can adjust breaking plough (3) working depth, and its adjustable range is 80~100mm.
5. a kind of a kind of regulation model for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding, wherein fertilization depth as claimed in claim 1 Enclose between 80~100mm.
6. it is a kind of as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding, wherein horizontal before and after the frame (8) Case bay is set to make front and rear breaking plough (3) spacing be 600mm, a diameter of 515mm of the land wheel (2).
7. it is a kind of as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding, wherein the seed spout (6) is boots Cartridge type.
CN201310359014.8A 2013-08-16 2013-08-16 One kind is used for coarse cereal seeding machine for no-tillage seeding Active CN103444317B (en)

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