CN103430749B - Seedling growing method for promoting fast rooting of plant cutting slips under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions - Google Patents
Seedling growing method for promoting fast rooting of plant cutting slips under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention mainly relates to a seedling growing method for promoting fast rooting of plant cutting slips under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions. The method includes the steps of seedling growing facility construction, facility internal environment control, nursery pond arrangement, stock plant cultivation and cutting slip collection, pre-processing of the cutting slips, cuttage and seedbed management, and transplantation of rooting seedlings. Through the adoption of the high-temperature and high-humidity extreme conditions combining with stimulation of slow-release rooting agents, the rooting rate and rooting quality of the cutting slips are improved. The roots are large in quantity and thick and strong, the sprouting time is obviously shortened, and production efficiency can be effectively improved. According to the method, the cutting seedlings do not have obvious seedling postponing period when being transferred to a land for growing field crops, the survival rate of transplanting reaches to 95-100%, the growth speed of the seedlings is obviously accelerated, and the seedling quality can be improved. The cutting seedlings are selected through the extreme conditions, new strains with better stress resistance and increment can be selected and cultured from the cutting seedlings, and the cutting seedlings are high in uniformity and facilitate the annual batch production of factories.
Description
Technical field
the invention belongs to plant cuttage seedling growing process field, be specifically related to promote under a kind of hot and humid condition the seedling-cultivating method of plant cuttings Rapid Rooting.
Background technology
cuttage and seedling culture is the seedling-cultivating method that forest, flower plant are conventional, and the conventional cuttage and seedling culture method seedling cycle is long, affected greatly by environmental change, and rooting rate is not high, and transplanting survival rate is low, and nursery stock regularity is poor, and after transplanting, seedling growth is slow, is not easy to standard production.
Research shows that growth and development of plants is subject to the regulation and control of multiple hormonal balance in body, after external source plant growth regulator enters in plant corpus, can change hormone in vivo balance, and by regulating a series of physiological and biochemical procedures, have influence on the morphogenesis processes such as taking root, sprout of plant.Therefore, under certain extreme environmental conditions, plant has quick reparation damage, rebuilds the potential of whole plant individuality, in conjunction with growth regulator, stimulates, can inducing plant cuttage rooting, the Morphology Remodeling process such as sprout.
Calendar year 2001 Shi Yuqun has published < < Seedling Technique of Young Branch Cuttage Using Spray under Sunshine > > mono-book, introduced cuttage and seedling culture method all-sidely, to instructing plant cuttage to grow seedlings, played important impetus, its problem is under open environment condition, and cuttage rooting is difficult, nursery stock regularity is poor, transplant rear growth slowly.Patent of invention < < nursery pond and the seedling-cultivating method > > of Yuan Qiang, under plastic tunnel facility condition, carry out, improve the efficiency that epicormic branch cuttage is taken root with transplant survival, still had the problems such as nursery stock regularity is poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the seedling-cultivating method that promotes plant cuttings Rapid Rooting under a kind of hot and humid condition, it is long that the method has solved the seedling cycle, and rooting rate is not high, transplanting survival rate is low, nursery stock regularity is poor, and after transplanting, seedling growth is slow, is not easy to the problem of standardized production.
The technical scheme that the present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose employing is: under a kind of hot and humid condition, promote the seedling-cultivating method of plant cuttings Rapid Rooting, comprise following operating procedure:
Step 1, culture facility construction
According to the south-north direction construction day-light greenhouse of growing seedlings, the high 2.5-3m of canopy, cure process is done on ground, and canopy both sides arrange compound ventilation air-changing device;
In step 2, facility, environment is controlled
Temperature, moisture probe are installed in green house, and are connected with control room calculator, according to setup parameter A.T.C, relative moisture, and the startup of sprayer unit;
Step 3, nursery pond are arranged
Green house is interior according to the east-west nursery pond that arranges, nursery pond width is 0.8-1.2m, the dark 20-30cm in pond, the material of nursery pond is aluminium-plastic panel, nursery pond two ends drop 3-5cm, the reserved osculum in bottom of low side, the cobblestone that one deck diameter is 3-5cm is laid in nursery pond bottom, on cobblestone, be equipped with the cystosepiment equating with nursery pond inner width, cystosepiment thickness 1-2cm, on cystosepiment, every 5cm, the water seepage hole that a diameter is 0.3-0.5cm is set, to spraying water on cystosepiment to osculum, there are flowing out; Cut-off footpath is the perlite of 0.2-0.3cm, is placed in the ClO of 200-500 mg/kg
2in solution, soak 1-3d, the perlite soaking is laid on the cystosepiment in nursery pond as culture matrix, laying depth is 15-20cm, and nursery pond has been arranged, standby;
Step 4, maternal plant are cultivated and cuttings collection
Before sunrise or the cloudy day young shoot that gathers semi-lignified degree be cuttings, moisturizing, standby;
Step 5, cuttings pre-treatment
The cuttings first obtaining with running water rinsing step four, the mixed liquor of the thiophanate methyl of the carbendazim that is 50% by mass concentration again and mass concentration 50%, add water and be mixed with 500 times of dilutions, to cuttings soaking disinfection 10min, wherein the mass ratio of carbendazim and thiophanate methyl is 1; 1; Then cuttings being trimmed to length is 4-6cm, retains 1-3 sheet leaf; Then with 5-10 times of dilution of transplantation rooting agent, process the cuttings base portion 1-2cm 10-30min of place, then moisturizing 5-6h under 30-40 ℃ of condition, standby;
Step 6, cuttage and seedbed management
The cuttings that step 5 is obtained is inserted on the culture matrix in step 3 nursery pond, insertion depth is 2-4cm, seeding row spacing between cuttings is not less than 3cm, temperature and humidity that 6-18 is ordered arranges respectively as follows every day in booth: the maximum temperature in plant establishment booth induction period is that 36-40 ℃, minimum temperature are that 30-34 ℃, relative moisture are 93-97%, and the above area of blade 50% is take at spray time interval has water as degree; The phase is expressed in plant establishment, and the maximum temperature in booth is that 38-42 ℃, minimum temperature are 30-35 ℃, relative moisture 93-97%, and blade 50% area is take at spray time interval has water as degree; Root system of plant elongating stage, maximum temperature in booth is that 34-36 ℃, minimum temperature are that 30-32 ℃, relative moisture are 90-95%, blade 30% area is take at spray time interval has water as degree, root reach 1cm above after spray time interval take blade and be no more than 20% area and have water as degree; During whole taking root, do not spray night, and nocturnal temperature is not less than 30 ℃, and humidity is not less than 90%;
During whole taking root, 800 times of dilution spray seedlings of the carbendazim that was 50% by mass concentration every 6 days or 50% thiophanate methyl once;
Step 7, the transplantation of seedlings of taking root
After cuttings root length reaches 2-3cm, move into nutritive cube, the cultivation matrix in nutritive cube is that mass ratio is humus soil and the perlitic mixture of 3:1, in indoor temperature, is under 30-35 ℃ of condition, and then hardening 7-10d moves into the conventional water and fertilizer management in land for growing field crops.
The transplantation rooting agent adopting in the present invention is the disclosed sustained-release tree-peony transplantation rooting agent of ZL200910064521.2, by forming following composition: methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) 50-400mg/L, indolebutyric acid (IBA) 200-800mg/L, methyl-sulfoxide 0.5-4%, zinc sulphate 0.01-0.05%, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 2-10%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
One, the present invention utilize hot and humid extreme condition, in conjunction with slowly-releasing root-growing agent, stimulate, and have improved rooting percent and quality of rooting, and radical amount is many and sturdy, has significantly shortened the seedling time.Most kind 20-30d seedlings, minority kind 10-15d seedling, compared with the 100-120d seedling cycle of common seedling-cultivating method, can effectively enhance productivity.
Two, cuttage seeding of the present invention moves into land for growing field crops does not have obvious seedling-slowing stage, and transplanting survival rate reaches 95-100%, and growth rate is significantly accelerated, and can improve seedling weight.
Three, cuttage seeding of the present invention has been passed through extreme condition screening, can therefrom select resistance and the more excellent new lines of amount of growth, and cuttage seeding regularity is high, is convenient to the anniversary batch production of batch production.
Embodiment
Under hot and humid condition, promote a seedling-cultivating method for plant cuttings Rapid Rooting, comprise following operating procedure:
Step 1, culture facility construction
According to the south-north direction construction day-light greenhouse of growing seedlings, the high 2.5-3m of canopy, cure process is done on ground, and canopy both sides arrange compound ventilation air-changing device;
In step 2, facility, environment is controlled
Temperature, moisture probe are installed in green house, and are connected with control room calculator, according to setup parameter A.T.C, relative moisture, and the startup of sprayer unit;
Step 3, nursery pond are arranged
Green house is interior according to the east-west nursery pond that arranges, nursery pond width is 0.8-1.2m, the dark 20-30cm in pond, the material of nursery pond is aluminium-plastic panel, nursery pond two ends drop 3-5cm, the reserved osculum in bottom of low side, the cobblestone that one deck diameter is 3-5cm is laid in nursery pond bottom, on cobblestone, be equipped with the cystosepiment equating with nursery pond inner width, cystosepiment thickness 1-2cm, on cystosepiment, every 5cm, the water seepage hole that a diameter is 0.3-0.5cm is set, to spraying water on cystosepiment to osculum, there are flowing out; Cut-off footpath is the perlite of 0.2-0.3cm, is placed in the ClO of 200-500 mg/kg
2in solution, soak 1-3d, the perlite soaking is laid on the cystosepiment in nursery pond as culture matrix, laying depth is 15-20cm, and nursery pond has been arranged, standby;
Step 4, maternal plant are cultivated and cuttings collection
Before sunrise or the cloudy day young shoot that gathers semi-lignified degree be cuttings, moisturizing, standby;
Step 5, cuttings pre-treatment
The cuttings first obtaining with running water rinsing step four, the mixed liquor of the thiophanate methyl of the carbendazim that is 50% by mass concentration again and mass concentration 50%, add water and be mixed with 500 times of dilutions, to cuttings soaking disinfection 10min, wherein the mass ratio of carbendazim and thiophanate methyl is 1; 1; Then cuttings being trimmed to length is 4-6cm, retains 1-3 sheet leaf; Then with 5-10 times of dilution of transplantation rooting agent, process the cuttings base portion 1-2cm 10-30min of place, then moisturizing 5-6h under 30-40 ℃ of condition, standby;
Step 6, cuttage and seedbed management
The cuttings that step 5 is obtained is inserted on the culture matrix in step 3 nursery pond, insertion depth is 2-4cm, seeding row spacing between cuttings is not less than 3cm, temperature and humidity that 6-18 is ordered arranges respectively as follows every day in booth: the maximum temperature in plant establishment booth induction period is that 36-40 ℃, minimum temperature are that 30-34 ℃, relative moisture are 93-97%, and the above area of blade 50% is take at spray time interval has water as degree; The phase is expressed in plant establishment, and the maximum temperature in booth is that 38-42 ℃, minimum temperature are 30-35 ℃, relative moisture 93-97%, and blade 50% area is take at spray time interval has water as degree; Root system of plant elongating stage, maximum temperature in booth is that 34-36 ℃, minimum temperature are that 30-32 ℃, relative moisture are 90-95%, blade 30% area is take at spray time interval has water as degree, root reach 1cm above after spray time interval take blade and be no more than 20% area and have water as degree; During whole taking root, do not spray night, and nocturnal temperature is not less than 30 ℃, and humidity is not less than 90%;
During whole taking root, 800 times of dilution spray seedlings of the carbendazim that was 50% by mass concentration every 6 days or 50% thiophanate methyl once;
Step 7, the transplantation of seedlings of taking root
After cuttings root length reaches 2-3cm, move into nutritive cube, the cultivation matrix in nutritive cube is that mass ratio is humus soil and the perlitic mixture of 3:1, in indoor temperature, is under 30-35 ℃ of condition, and then hardening 7-10d moves into the conventional water and fertilizer management in land for growing field crops.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described:
embodiment 1:
Under hot and humid condition, promote a seedling-cultivating method for American red-maple cuttings Rapid Rooting, comprise following operating procedure:
Step 1, culture facility construction
According to the south-north direction construction day-light greenhouse of growing seedlings, the high 2.5m of canopy, cure process is done on ground, and canopy both sides arrange compound ventilation air-changing device;
In step 2, facility, environment is controlled
Temperature, moisture probe are installed in green house, and are connected with control room calculator, according to setup parameter A.T.C, relative moisture, and the startup of sprayer unit;
Step 3, nursery pond are arranged
Green house is interior according to the east-west nursery pond that arranges, nursery pond width is 0.8m, the dark 20cm in pond, the material of nursery pond is aluminium-plastic panel, nursery pond two ends drop 3cm, the reserved osculum in bottom of low side, the cobblestone that one deck diameter is 3-5cm is laid in nursery pond bottom, is equipped with the cystosepiment equating with nursery pond inner width, cystosepiment thickness 1cm on cobblestone, on cystosepiment, every 5cm, the water seepage hole that a diameter is 0.3cm is set, to spraying water on cystosepiment to osculum, there are flowing out; Cut-off footpath is the perlite of 0.2-0.3cm, is placed in the ClO of 200 mg/kg
2in solution, soak 1d, the perlite soaking is laid on the cystosepiment in nursery pond as culture matrix, laying depth is 15cm, and nursery pond has been arranged, standby;
Step 4, maternal plant are cultivated and cuttings collection
In field, strengthen the liquid manure of maternal plant and sick scolite reason, liquid manure is moderate, gathers the front every 3 days trickles of cuttings once, and cuttings is topdressed once for previous month, average every mu of 40kg; Without damage by disease and insect, to obtain high-quality cuttings; Before sunrise or the cloudy day young shoot that gathers semi-lignified degree be cuttings, moisturizing, standby;
Step 5, cuttings pre-treatment
The cuttings first obtaining with running water rinsing step four, the mixed liquor of the thiophanate methyl of the carbendazim that is 50% by mass concentration again and mass concentration 50%, add water and be mixed with 500 times of dilutions, to cuttings soaking disinfection 10min, wherein the mass ratio of carbendazim and thiophanate methyl is 1; 1; Then cuttings being trimmed to length is 4-6cm, retains 1-3 sheet leaf; Then with 5 times of dilutions of transplantation rooting agent, process the cuttings base portion 1-2cm 10min of place, then moisturizing 5h under 30 ℃ of conditions, induces cuttings wound healing, standby;
Step 6, cuttage and seedbed management
The cuttings that step 5 is obtained is inserted on the culture matrix in step 3 nursery pond, insertion depth is 2-4cm, seeding row spacing between cuttings is not less than 3cm, temperature and humidity that 6-18 is ordered arranges respectively as follows every day in booth: the maximum temperature in plant establishment booth induction period is that 36 ℃, minimum temperature are that 30 ℃, relative moisture are 93%, and the above area of blade 50% is take at spray time interval has water as degree; The phase is expressed in plant establishment, and the maximum temperature in booth is that 38 ℃, minimum temperature are 30 ℃, relative moisture 93%, and blade 50% area is take at spray time interval has water as degree; Root system of plant elongating stage, maximum temperature in booth is that 34 ℃, minimum temperature are that 30 ℃, relative moisture are 90%, blade 30% area is take at spray time interval has water as degree, root reach 1cm above after spray time interval take blade and be no more than 20% area and have water as degree; During whole taking root, do not spray night, and nocturnal temperature is not less than 30 ℃, and humidity is not less than 90%;
During whole taking root, 800 times of dilution spray seedlings of the carbendazim that was 50% by mass concentration every 6 days or 50% thiophanate methyl once;
Step 7, the transplantation of seedlings of taking root
After cuttings root length reaches 2-3cm, move into nutritive cube, the cultivation matrix in nutritive cube is that mass ratio is humus soil and the perlitic mixture of 3:1, in indoor temperature, is under 30-35 ℃ of condition, and then hardening 7d moves into the conventional water and fertilizer management in land for growing field crops.
embodiment 2:
Under hot and humid condition, promote a seedling-cultivating method for photinia glabra cuttings Rapid Rooting, comprise following operating procedure:
Step 1, culture facility construction
According to the south-north direction construction day-light greenhouse of growing seedlings, the high 3m of canopy, cure process is done on ground, and canopy both sides arrange compound ventilation air-changing device;
In step 2, facility, environment is controlled
Temperature, moisture probe are installed in green house, and are connected with control room calculator, according to setup parameter A.T.C, relative moisture, and the startup of sprayer unit;
Step 3, nursery pond are arranged
Green house is interior according to the east-west nursery pond that arranges, nursery pond width is 1.2m, the dark 30cm in pond, the material of nursery pond is aluminium-plastic panel, nursery pond two ends drop 5cm, the reserved osculum in bottom of low side, the cobblestone that one deck diameter is 3-5cm is laid in nursery pond bottom, is equipped with the cystosepiment equating with nursery pond inner width, cystosepiment thickness 2cm on cobblestone, on cystosepiment, every 5cm, the water seepage hole that a diameter is 0.5cm is set, to spraying water on cystosepiment to osculum, there are flowing out; Cut-off footpath is the perlite of 0.2-0.3cm, is placed in the ClO of 500 mg/kg
2in solution, soak 3d, the perlite soaking is laid on the cystosepiment in nursery pond as culture matrix, laying depth is 20cm, and nursery pond has been arranged, standby;
Step 4, maternal plant are cultivated and cuttings collection
In field, strengthen the liquid manure of maternal plant and sick scolite reason, liquid manure is moderate, and within before collection cuttings every 2 days, to root trickle once cuttings is topdressed once for previous month, average every mu of 30kg; Without damage by disease and insect, to obtain high-quality cuttings; Before sunrise or the cloudy day young shoot that gathers semi-lignified degree be cuttings, moisturizing, standby;
Step 5, cuttings pre-treatment
The cuttings first obtaining with running water rinsing step four, the mixed liquor of the thiophanate methyl of the carbendazim that is 50% by mass concentration again and mass concentration 50%, add water and be mixed with 500 times of dilutions, to cuttings soaking disinfection 10min, wherein the mass ratio of carbendazim and thiophanate methyl is 1; 1; Then cuttings being trimmed to length is 4-6cm, retains 1-3 sheet leaf; Then with 5-10 times of dilution of transplantation rooting agent, process the cuttings base portion 1-2cm 10-30min of place, then moisturizing 6h under 40 ℃ of conditions, induces cuttings wound healing, standby;
Step 6, cuttage and seedbed management
The cuttings that step 5 is obtained is inserted on the culture matrix in step 3 nursery pond, insertion depth is 2-4cm, seeding row spacing between cuttings is not less than 3cm, temperature and humidity that 6-18 is ordered arranges respectively as follows every day in booth: the maximum temperature in plant establishment booth induction period is that 40 ℃, minimum temperature are that 34 ℃, relative moisture are 97%, and the above area of blade 50% is take at spray time interval has water as degree; The phase is expressed in plant establishment, and the maximum temperature in booth is that 42 ℃, minimum temperature are 35 ℃, relative moisture 97%, and blade 50% area is take at spray time interval has water as degree; Root system of plant elongating stage, maximum temperature in booth is that 36 ℃, minimum temperature are that 32 ℃, relative moisture are 95%, blade 30% area is take at spray time interval has water as degree, root reach 1cm above after spray time interval take blade and be no more than 20% area and have water as degree; During whole taking root, do not spray night, and nocturnal temperature is not less than 30 ℃, and humidity is not less than 90%;
During whole taking root, 800 times of dilution spray seedlings of the carbendazim that was 50% by mass concentration every 6 days or 50% thiophanate methyl once;
Step 7, the transplantation of seedlings of taking root
After cuttings root length reaches 2-3cm, move into nutritive cube, the cultivation matrix in nutritive cube is that mass ratio is humus soil and the perlitic mixture of 3:1, in indoor temperature, is under 35 ℃ of conditions, and then hardening 10d moves into the conventional water and fertilizer management in land for growing field crops.
Claims (1)
1. under hot and humid condition, promote a seedling-cultivating method for plant cuttings Rapid Rooting, it is characterized in that: comprise following operating procedure:
Step 1, culture facility construction
According to the south-north direction construction day-light greenhouse of growing seedlings, the high 2.5-3m of canopy, cure process is done on ground, and canopy both sides arrange compound ventilation air-changing device;
In step 2, facility, environment is controlled
Temperature, moisture probe are installed in green house, and are connected with control room calculator, according to setup parameter A.T.C, relative moisture, and the startup of sprayer unit;
Step 3, nursery pond are arranged
Green house is interior according to the east-west nursery pond that arranges, nursery pond width is 0.8-1.2m, the dark 20-30cm in pond, the material of nursery pond is aluminium-plastic panel, nursery pond two ends drop 3-5cm, the reserved osculum in bottom of low side, the cobblestone that one deck diameter is 3-5cm is laid in nursery pond bottom, on cobblestone, be equipped with the cystosepiment equating with nursery pond inner width, cystosepiment thickness 1-2cm, on cystosepiment, every 5cm, the water seepage hole that a diameter is 0.3-0.5cm is set, to spraying water on cystosepiment to osculum, there are flowing out; Cut-off footpath is the perlite of 0.2-0.3cm, is placed in the ClO of 200-500 mg/kg
2in solution, soak 1-3d, the perlite soaking is laid on the cystosepiment in nursery pond as culture matrix, laying depth is 15-20cm, and nursery pond has been arranged, standby;
Step 4, maternal plant are cultivated and cuttings collection
Before sunrise or the cloudy day young shoot that gathers semi-lignified degree be cuttings, moisturizing, standby;
Step 5, cuttings pre-treatment
The cuttings first obtaining with running water rinsing step four, the mixed liquor of the thiophanate methyl of the carbendazim that is 50% by mass concentration again and mass concentration 50%, add water and be mixed with 500 times of dilutions, to cuttings soaking disinfection 10min, wherein the mass ratio of carbendazim and thiophanate methyl is 1:1; Then cuttings being trimmed to length is 4-6cm, retains 1-3 sheet leaf; Then with 5-10 times of dilution of transplantation rooting agent, process the cuttings base portion 1-2cm 10-30min of place, then moisturizing 5-6h under 30-40 ℃ of condition, standby;
Step 6, cuttage and seedbed management
The cuttings that step 5 is obtained is inserted on the culture matrix in step 3 nursery pond, insertion depth is 2-4cm, seeding row spacing between cuttings is not less than 3cm, temperature and humidity that 6-18 is ordered arranges respectively as follows every day in booth: the maximum temperature in plant establishment booth induction period is that 36-40 ℃, minimum temperature are that 30-34 ℃, relative moisture are 93-97%, and the above area of blade 50% is take at spray time interval has water as degree; The phase is expressed in plant establishment, and the maximum temperature in booth is that 38-42 ℃, minimum temperature are 30-35 ℃, relative moisture 93-97%, and blade 50% area is take at spray time interval has water as degree; Root system of plant elongating stage, maximum temperature in booth is that 34-36 ℃, minimum temperature are that 30-32 ℃, relative moisture are 90-95%, blade 30% area is take at spray time interval has water as degree, root reach 1cm above after spray time interval take blade and be no more than 20% area and have water as degree; During whole taking root, do not spray night, and nocturnal temperature is not less than 30 ℃, and humidity is not less than 90%;
During whole taking root, 800 times of dilution spray seedlings of the carbendazim that was 50% by mass concentration every 6 days or 50% thiophanate methyl once;
Step 7, the transplantation of seedlings of taking root
After cuttings root length reaches 2-3cm, move into nutritive cube, the cultivation matrix in nutritive cube is that mass ratio is humus soil and the perlitic mixture of 3:1, in indoor temperature, is under 30-35 ℃ of condition, and then hardening 7-10d moves into the conventional water and fertilizer management in land for growing field crops.
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| CN103430749A (en) | 2013-12-11 |
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