CN103429868A

CN103429868A - Rich fuel mixture super-turbocharged engine system

Info

Publication number: CN103429868A
Application number: CN2011800657997A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 艾德·范戴尼; 福尔克尔·舒马赫; 贾里德·威廉·布朗; 汤姆·沃尔德伦
Original assignee: VanDyne SuperTurbo Inc
Current assignee: VanDyne SuperTurbo Inc
Priority date: 2011-01-24
Filing date: 2011-01-24
Publication date: 2013-12-04
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-24
Also published as: MX366764B; MX2013008258A; DE112011104763B4; CN103429868B; DE112011104763T5; WO2012170001A1

Abstract

Disclosed is a super-turbocharger system (100) that increases power and efficiency of an engine (102). The system uses the exothermic properties of a catalytic converter (116) to extract additional energy from exhaust heat that is used to add power to the engine. Compressed air is supplied and mixed with exhaust gases upstream and/or downstream from a catalytic converter (116) that is connected to an exhaust manifold. The gaseous mixture of exhaust gases and compressed air is sufficiently rich in oxygen to oxidize hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in the catalytic converter (116), which adds heat to the gaseous mixture. In addition, a sufficient amount of compressed air is supplied to the exhaust gases to maintain the temperature of the gaseous mixture at a substantially optimal temperature level. The gaseous mixture is applied to the turbine (106) of the super-turbocharger, which increases the output of said super-turbocharger, which increases the power and efficiency of said engine (102).

Description

The super turbocharged engine system of rich fuel mixture

Background technique

Super turbosupercharger is power for improving internal-combustion engine and/or the suitable device of efficiency.Use super turbosupercharger more small-sized, more efficient motor can with relatively large, produce identical power than the motor of poor efficiency, thereby improve the overall efficiency of system.Super turbosupercharger has at least one compressor and at least one turbo machine be connected with power transmitting deice, power transmitting deice carrys out transmission of power the power of self-propelled system to propelling system and reception, when motor is used on vehicle, advance system to connect with motor or with bent axle, vehicle transmission gear or other coupling.In this way, no matter motor be used on vehicle, for generating or other function, super turbosupercharger can both improve piston-engined performance.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, embodiments of the invention can comprise the method for the performance that improves the engine system with super turbosupercharger, described engine system has the motor operated by rich fuel mixture, and described method comprises: in response to control signal, from compressor, produce a certain amount of pressurized air; The pressurized air of described amount is mixed to generate described Exhaust Gas and described compressed-air actuated gaseous mixture with the Exhaust Gas from described motor; Described gaseous mixture is fed to catalytic converter; Detection enters the oxygen level of the described gaseous mixture of described catalytic converter; The described temperature levels of the described gaseous mixture of described catalytic converter is left in detection; Regulate described compressed-air actuated amount in response to described oxygen level, thereby provide the described pressurized air of sufficient quantity, with the hydrocarbon by existing described gaseous mixture in described catalytic converter and carbon monoxide oxidation basically, and keep the predetermined roughly optimal temperature levels of described gaseous mixture simultaneously; Described gaseous mixture is fed to the turbo machine of described super turbosupercharger to drive described super turbosupercharger.

Embodiments of the invention can also comprise the engine system operated by rich fuel mixture, comprising: super turbosupercharger, and it has turbo machine and compressor; Additional compressor, it supplies a certain amount of pressurized air in response to control signal; Mixing chamber, it will mix to generate described Exhaust Gas and described compressed-air actuated gaseous mixture with the pressurized air of described amount from the Exhaust Gas of described engine system; Catalytic converter, it connects with the described mixing chamber that receives described gaseous mixture; Oxygen sensor, its sensing enters oxygen level and the sensor signal that produces oxygen of the described gaseous mixture of described catalytic converter; Temperature transducer, its sensing leaves described temperature levels and the generation temperature sensor signal of the described gaseous mixture of described catalytic converter; Controller, it is in response to described oxygen sensor signal and described temperature sensor signal and produce described control signal, so that the pressurized air that is fed to the described amount of described catalytic converter by described additional compressor is enough to make described catalytic converter hydrocarbon and the carbon monoxide in the described gaseous mixture of oxidation basically, and keep leaving the predetermined roughly optimal temperature levels of the described gaseous mixture of described catalytic converter simultaneously; Described gaseous mixture is fed to described turbo machine to drive described super turbosupercharger.

Embodiments of the invention can also comprise the method for the performance that improves the engine system with super turbosupercharger, comprise: catalytic converter is provided, described catalytic converter receives from the Exhaust Gas of described engine system and produces exothermic reaction, and described exothermic reaction increases heat to described Exhaust Gas and generates and transform the after heat Exhaust Gas with the carry-out part place at described catalytic converter; Provide pressurized air from compressor; A described compressed-air actuated part is mixed to generate gaseous mixture with the described conversion after heat Exhaust Gas from described catalytic converter, prevent from the described turbo machine of described super turbosupercharger is caused to damage thereby the temperature of described gaseous mixture is no more than predetermined maximum temperature; Drive described turbo machine by described gaseous mixture; Superfluous turbo machine rotating mechanical energy is delivered to and advances system from described turbo machine, if not like this, will make described turbo machine cause the speed rotation of damage to described compressor with meeting.

Embodiments of the invention can also comprise the method for the performance that improves super turbocharged engine system, comprising: motor is provided; Catalytic converter is provided, described catalytic converter is connected to and is positioned near the Exhaust Gas outlet of described motor and receives the motor Exhaust Gas from described motor, described motor Exhaust Gas activates the exothermic reaction in described catalytic converter, and described exothermic reaction increases additional-energy and produces the catalytic converter Exhaust Gas hotter than described motor Exhaust Gas at the carry-out part place of described catalytic converter to described motor Exhaust Gas; Pressurized air stream is provided to the suction tude of described motor; Additional compressed air stream is provided; The gaseous mixture that described additional compressed air and the described catalytic converter Exhaust Gas of described downstream catalytic converter is mixed to generate to described catalytic converter Exhaust Gas and described additional compressed air; The described additional compressed air that the generation control signal enters described mixing chamber with adjusting flows that described gaseous mixture is remained on below maximum temperature; Described gaseous mixture is fed to turbo machine, and described turbo machine generates the turbo machine rotating mechanical energy in response to the flow of described gaseous mixture; To be delivered to described compressor from the described turbo machine rotating mechanical energy of described turbo machine, described compressor utilizes described turbo machine rotating mechanical energy to carry out source of compressed air, thereby generates described pressurized air when the flow of the described gaseous mixture via described turbo machine is enough to drive described compressor; Extract at least a portion of described turbo machine rotating mechanical energy and in the time need to not making described compressor operation from the described part of the described turbo machine rotating mechanical energy of described turbo machine, the described part of described turbo machine rotating mechanical energy be administered to and advance system from described turbo machine; To be that rotating mechanical energy offers described compressor from the propelling of described propelling system, thereby prevent turbo lag when driving described compressor when the underfed of the described gaseous mixture via described turbo machine.

Embodiments of the invention can also comprise super turbosupercharger motor, comprising: motor; Catalytic converter, it is connected near the exhaust duct Exhaust Gas outlet that is positioned at described motor, so that activate the exothermic reaction in described catalytic converter from the hot Exhaust Gas of described motor, described catalytic converter is increased to described hot Exhaust Gas by energy and generates and transforms rear Exhaust Gas; Compressor, it is connected to provides compressed-air actuated air-source, and described pressurized air is applied to the suction tude of described motor; Additional compressor, it provides the large a certain amount of additional compressed air of stress level of the described Exhaust Gas of pressure ratio; Pipeline, after it is provided to described conversion by described additional compressed air, Exhaust Gas is so that described additional compressed air mixes to generate gaseous mixture with Exhaust Gas after described conversion; Turbo machine, it mechanically connects with described compressor and generates the turbo machine rotating mechanical energy from described gaseous mixture; Controller, it generates control signal, and described control signal is regulated the amount of described additional compressed air so that described gaseous mixture is remained on below maximum temperature; Transmission device, the propelling of its system of self-propelled in the future is that rotating mechanical energy is provided to described compressor, thereby reduce turbo lag when the underfed of the described Exhaust Gas via described turbo machine when driving described compressor to expectation boosting level, and extract superfluous turbo machine rotating mechanical energy from described turbo machine and remain on and can cause below the predetermined maximum (top) speed of damage described compressor with the rotating speed by described compressor.

Embodiments of the invention can also comprise the method for the performance that improves the piston engine system with super turbosupercharger: will be administered to from the Exhaust Gas of described piston engine system the NOx converter, described NOx converter is transformed to generate NOx to described Exhaust Gas and is transformed rear gas; Produce a certain amount of pressurized air in response to control signal from compressor; The described pressurized air of described amount is transformed to rear gas with described NOx and mix to generate the rear gas of described NOx conversion and described compressed-air actuated gaseous mixture; Described gaseous mixture is fed to hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter and with Formed hydrogen compound/carbon monoxide, transforms rear gas; Detect the described temperature levels that described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide transforms rear gas; Regulate described compressed-air actuated amount and be adjusted to the preferred temperature level with the described temperature levels that described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide is transformed to rear gas.

Embodiments of the invention can also comprise the method for the performance that improves the piston engine system with super turbosupercharger: will be administered to from the Exhaust Gas of described piston engine system the NOx converter, described NOx converter is transformed to generate NOx to described Exhaust Gas and is transformed rear gas; The pressurized air of first amount of generation; The described pressurized air of described the first amount is transformed to rear gas with described NOx and mix to generate the rear gas of described NOx conversion and described compressed-air actuated the first gaseous mixture; Described the first gaseous mixture is fed to hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter and with Formed hydrogen compound/carbon monoxide, transforms rear gas; The pressurized air of second amount of generation; Gas after the pressurized air of described the second amount and described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide conversion is mixed with gas cooling after described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide is transformed to preferred temperature and transforms rear gas to generate cooling hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide; Utilize described cooling hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide to transform the turbo machine that rear gas drives described super turbosupercharger.

Embodiments of the invention can also comprise super turbocharged engine system, comprising: piston engine, and it produces Exhaust Gas; The NOx converter, it is coupled with gas after receiving described Exhaust Gas and generating the NOx conversion; Compressor, it is connected to air-source, and described air-source provides pressurized air, and described pressurized air is administered to the suction tude of described motor; Feedback valve, the described compressed-air actuated part of its supply transforms rear gas with described NOx and mixes to generate gaseous mixture; Hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter, its hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide that is connected to receive in described gaseous mixture and the described gaseous mixture of oxidation transforms rear gaseous mixture with Formed hydrogen compound/carbon monoxide; Turbo machine, it is coupled to receive described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide gaseous state mixture and gaseous mixture generation turbo machine rotating mechanical energy from described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide transforms.

Embodiments of the invention can also comprise super turbocharged engine system, comprising: piston engine, and it produces Exhaust Gas; The NOx converter, it is coupled with gas after receiving described Exhaust Gas and generating the NOx conversion; Compressor, it produces source of compressed air; Pipeline, it is fed to described pressurized air, and described NOx transforms rear gas mixes to generate gaseous mixture so that described NOx transforms rear gas with described pressurized air; Hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter, it is coupled with gaseous mixture after receiving in the described gaseous mixture of described gaseous mixture and oxidation existing hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide and transforming with Formed hydrogen compound/carbon monoxide; Turbo machine, it is coupled to receive described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide gaseous state mixture and gaseous mixture generation turbo machine rotating mechanical energy from described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide transforms.

The accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the single wire system figure of an embodiment's of the super turbosupercharged engine of instruction the simplification according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is another embodiment's of efficient super turbocharged engine system schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is another embodiment's of efficient super turbocharged engine system schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system.

Fig. 5 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system.

Fig. 6 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system.

Fig. 7 is the plotted curve of the operating temperature of catalytic converter.

Fig. 8 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system.

Fig. 9 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system.

Figure 10 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system.

Figure 11 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system.

Figure 12 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system.

Figure 13 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system.

Figure 14 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system.

Figure 15 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system.

Figure 16 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system.

Figure 17 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system.

Figure 18 is another embodiment's of catalytic converter schematic diagram.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 is an embodiment's the reduced graph of the efficient super turbocharged engine system 100 of instruction and structure according to the present invention.Those skilled in the art by what read that following explanation will readily appreciate that are, this super turbocharged engine system 100 is particularly useful for the petrol engine of the spark ignition used in passenger vehicle and commercial vehicle, and therefore illustrative examples discussed in this article adopts such environment to help the understanding of the present invention.Yet, the embodiment who is understood that system 100 of the present invention can be applied to other operating environment, for example fixed (land-based) dynamo engine and other stationary engine, such example should be understood to exemplary rather than restrictive.

As can be seen from Figure 1, system 100 comprises motor 102, and motor 102 utilizes super turbosupercharger 104 to improve the performance of motor 102.Usually, super turbosupercharger comprises compressor and the turbo machine that utilizes turbine shaft to be linked together.Used the alternate manner that compressor and turbo machine are linked together.In addition, super turbosupercharger comprises transmission device, and this transmission device is transferring power between the dynamical system of turbine shaft and vehicle or drivetrain (advancing system).For example, this transmission device mechanically is connected to the bent axle of motor, the transmission device of vehicle or the other parts of drivetrain or dynamical system.These are referred to as and advance system.This transmission device can be the mechanical transmissions of use gearing, hydraulic transmission, pneumatic actuator, traction drive transmission device, or the electric transmission device.Thereby motor/generator can be attached to turbine shaft and for driving turbine shaft or being driven and produce electric energy by turbine shaft.The electric energy produced by motor/generator can be for only producing electric power, to battery charging, driving, for motor/engine or the help of propelled vehicles, for motor vehicle driven by mixed power, providing power.With regard to this respect, super turbocharged engine system 100 can be dimensioned for the purpose of generating electricity in vehicle electric system and use, perhaps can be used for produce power and help to provide power for vehicle by mechanical energy, for example, in hybrid vehicle system.

As shown in Figure 1, super turbosupercharger 104 comprises turbo machine 106, compressor 108 and transmission device 110, and transmission device 110 is attached to the bent axle 112 of motor 102 or advances the other parts of system.Although be not all to need in all embodiments, the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 also comprises that interstage cooler 114 is fed to the density of air of motor 102 so that the power provided from motor 102 further to be provided to improve from compressor 108.

Super turbosupercharger has advantages of that some are better than turbosupercharger.Turbosupercharger is used the turbo machine by the Exhaust Gas driving of motor.This turbo machine is attached to compressor, and compressor compresses is fed to the gas that enters in the cylinder of motor.Turbo machine in turbosupercharger is to be driven by the Exhaust Gas from motor.Therefore, thereby when accelerating first, until there is enough hot Exhaust Gas, make turbo machine run up as the compressor supplying power that mechanically connects with turbo machine when producing sufficient boosting, motor experience boosting sluggishness.Sluggish minimum in order to make, usually use more small-sized and/or light-dutyer turbosupercharger.The less inertia of the turbosupercharger of lightweight allows them extremely fast to run up, thereby makes the sluggishness minimum of performance.

Unfortunately, when generating a large amount of exhaust streams and temperature, these are more small-sized and/or may be in high engine speeds operation period hypervelocity than the turbosupercharger of lightweight.In order to prevent the generation of this hypervelocity, typical turbosupercharger comprises the waste gate valve that is arranged on the outlet pipe that is arranged in turbine upstream.Waste gate valve is following pressure actuated valve: when the delivery pressure of compressor surpasses preset limit value, described pressure actuated valve turns to some Exhaust Gas around turbo machine.This limit value is configured to than the low pressure of pressure that causes the turbosupercharger hypervelocity.Unfortunately, this causes the part of the energy that provides from the Exhaust Gas of motor to be wasted.

Because recognize that conventional turbosupercharger is that high-end power has been sacrificed low end performance, and developed the device that is called super turbosupercharger.Authorize and authorize in the application's assignee, U. S. Patent 7,490,594 that denomination of invention is " the super turbosupercharger of Super-Turbocharger() " and described a kind of so super turbosupercharger on February 17th, 2009.All the elements of and instruction disclosed for this application, this application is clearly by reference and in herein.

In application As mentioned above, discuss, in super turbosupercharger, when failing to provide the motor Exhaust Gas fully be heated to drive turbo machine, at low engine speed operation period compressor, be to be driven by the transmission device connected with motor by engine crankshaft.The mechanical energy that is fed to compressor by motor has alleviated the turbo lag problem that conventional turbosupercharger meets with, and allow to use relatively large or more efficient turbo machine and compressor.

Super turbosupercharger 104 shown in Fig. 1 operates will be fed to from the pressurized air of compressor 108 motor 102, and can not meet with the turbo lag problem of the conventional turbosupercharger in low side and can not waste available energy from be fed to the motor Exhaust Gas heat (exhaust heat) in high-end turbo machine 106.These advantages are due to transmission device 110 is included and provided, in the various operator schemes of motor 102, transmission device 110 can extract power from engine crankshaft 112 again can be by power supply to engine crankshaft 112, thereby correspondingly can load turbo machine 106 again by drive compression machine 108.

During starts, when conventional turbosupercharger owing to lacking sufficient power from motor Exhaust Gas heat and drive turbo machine to meet with sluggishness, super turbosupercharger 104 provides super turbosupercharging action, obtain power with drive compression machine 108 via transmission device 110 from bent axle 112 thus, thereby provide sufficient boosting to motor 102.The amount of power that starts to accelerate and can utilize from motor Exhaust Gas heat along with motor is enough to drive turbo machine 106, and the amount of power obtained from bent axle 112 via transmission device 110 reduces.After this, turbo machine 106 continues to enter gas (air inlet) for motor 102 to compressor 108 supplying power with compression.

Along with engine speed improves, the amount of power that can utilize from motor Exhaust Gas heat increases to the point that the turbo machine 106 in conventional turbosupercharger will exceed the speed limit.Yet, in super turbosupercharger 104, when compressor 108 being remained on to suitable speed and being supplied to motor 102 with the boosting by desirable, the excess energy that motor Exhaust Gas heat is offered to turbo machine 106 guides to engine crankshaft 112 via transmission device 110.Owing to can from the Exhaust Gas heat of motor 102, utilizing more outputting power, turbo machine 106 produces more power, and these power guide to bent axle 112 via transmission device 110, and keeps the boosting that can utilize from compressor 108 simultaneously.The loading that 110 pairs of turbo machines of transmission device 106 carry out prevents turbo machine 106 hypervelocities and makes from the efficiency maximum of the power of motor Exhaust Gas extraction.Therefore, do not need conventional wastegate, and energy can not lose by wastegate.

Although can be used for driving the amount of power of turbo machine 106 strictly to be restricted to the amount of power that can utilize from the motor Exhaust Gas in conventional turbosupercharging application, but, if can take full advantage of and/or can have additional supply of heat energy and the mass flow of turbine bucket, turbo machine 106 can produce obviously more power.Yet turbo machine 106 can not operate and not impaired on uniform temperature, and mass flow is limited to the Exhaust Gas flowed out from motor 102 usually.

Recognize this point, the embodiment of system 100 can avoid when the high temperature transient state is destroyed extracting additional-energy from Exhaust Gas at protection turbo machine 106.In one embodiment, catalytic converter 116 is placed on the upstream of turbo machine near gas exhaust manifold, and catalytic converter 116 can carry out the exothermic reaction in the lasting high speed operation of motor or the rising of high capacity operating period chien shih effluent air temp.For cooling Exhaust Gas, before arriving turbo machine, the compressed-air actuated part produced by compressor 108 directly feeds in the Exhaust Gas of turbine upstream and adds in the motor Exhaust Gas that leaves catalytic converter 116 via controlled feedback valve 118.The colder gas 122 that enters expands and cooling Exhaust Gas, and adds associated mass to exhaust stream, and this has added additional power in the turbo machine of super turbosupercharger, as described in more detail below.Along with more colder air are provided in hot Exhaust Gas and will remain on optimum temperature towards the temperature of the mix flow of turbo machine, the energy and the mass flow that are transported to turbine bucket also increase.This increased by the turbo machine supply for driving the power of engine crankshaft.

In order not hinder the stoichiometric reaction in catalytic converter, compressor is fed back to air and add in the downstream of catalytic converter.In this embodiment, the motor Exhaust Gas passes through from catalytic converter, and the temperature of Exhaust Gas raises because of exothermic reaction.Then add compressor feedback air, compressor feedback air expands, thereby the total mass flow that is fed to turbo machine is increased.Embodiments of the invention are controlled for cooling Exhaust Gas and are driven turbo machine and the compressed feedback air quantity of supplying, thereby the combination of guaranteeing colder compressor feedback air and motor Exhaust Gas is transported to turbo machine with the optimum temperature of turbine bucket operation.

Because the catalytic converter 116 shown in Fig. 1 has large thermal mass, so catalytic converter 116 operates as hot damper at first, this prevents that the high temperature thermal spike from arriving turbo machine 106.Yet, because the reacting quintessence in catalytic converter 116 is heat release, will be finally high than the temperature of the Exhaust Gas that enters catalytic converter 116 so leave the temperature of the Exhaust Gas of catalytic converter 116.As long as enter below the maximum operating temp that the temperature of the Exhaust Gas of turbo machine remains on turbo machine 106, turbo machine just can not damage.

Yet, in the lasting high speed operation of motor 102 and high capacity operation period, from the maximum operating temp that temperature can surpass turbo machine 106 that leaves of Exhaust Gas after the conversion of catalytic converter 116.As above set forth, the temperature of leaving the Exhaust Gas of catalytic converter 116 be by via feedback valve 118 supply from the compressed-air actuated part of compressor 108 and make this part mix to reduce with the Exhaust Gas that leaves catalytic converter 116.The fuel economy significantly improved not as in conventional system by realizing as freezing mixture with fuel under this state.In addition, control the operation of transmission device to allow the pressurized air of compressor 108 in liberal supply amounts, thereby best boosting is offered to motor 102 and via feedback valve 118, the compressed feedback air is provided to turbo machine 106.The superfluous power that the turbo machine 106 caused due to the increase of the compressed-air actuated mass flow via turbo machine produces guides to bent axle 112 via transmission device 110, and then has improved fuel efficiency.

From the compressed-air actuated output temperature of compressor 108 typically between about 200 ℃ to 300 ℃.Conventional turbo machine can operate best with without distortion or possible breakdown ground from about 950 ℃ but not the gas extraction power of remarkable higher temperature.Due to the materials limitations of turbine bucket, best power source is in about 950 ℃ of acquisitions.Because material is restricted to about 950 ℃ by effluent air temp, so for example supply more air, to be increased in the mass flow of temperature limit (950 ℃) through turbo machine, improved like this performance of turbo machine.

Although this compressed feedback air stream in 200 ℃ to 300 ℃ contributes to reduce the temperature of the Exhaust Gas of discharging from catalytic converter 116, but be to be understood that, can be from turbo machine 106 supply maximum powers when maximum in the hot limit at turbo machine 106 when temperature and mass flow.Therefore, in one embodiment, control the feedback air quantity so that the combination of Exhaust Gas and feedback air remain on turbo machine the maximum operating temp place or near so that it is maximum or significantly increase to be transported to the amount of power of turbo machine.Because compressor 108 does not need the whole of these superfluous power usually, best boosting is not fed to motor 102 and feeds back air via feedback valve 118 supply compressors, so superfluous power can be passed to the bent axle 112 of motor 102 or be passed to the propelling system of vehicle by transmission device 110, thereby improves total efficiency or the power of motor 102.

As mentioned above, in one embodiment, compressor feedback air adopts catalytic converter 116 as the thermal buffer between motor 102 and turbo machine 106 via the connection of feedback valve 118.Therefore, provide the air supply from compressor in the downstream of catalytic converter 116, thereby do not destroy the stoichiometric reaction in catalytic converter 116.That is to say, in the embodiment who uses catalytic converter 116, supplied upstream compressor feedback air at catalytic converter 116 will make superfluous oxygen be supplied to catalytic converter 116, produce the desired stoichiometric reaction of proper handling thereby hinder catalytic converter 116, as explained in more detail below.

During due to the temperature approximate maximum (in the material limit of turbo machine itself) of the gaseous mixture of the compressor on turbine bucket feedback air and Exhaust Gas, realized by turbo machine 106 raising power generation efficiencies, so limit feedback valve 118 allows the compressor feedback air quantity entered, and does not make temperature significantly be reduced to below this Optimal Temperature.Along with catalytic converter 116 generates more heat energy via exothermic reaction and is increased near the maximum operating temp of turbo machine 106 from the temperature of Exhaust Gas after the conversion of catalytic converter 116, can be via the more compressor feedback of feedback valve 118 supply air, this has increased mass flow and the energy that is fed to turbo machine 106.When the amount of the heat energy produced by catalytic converter 116 reduces, also can reduce the compressor feedback air quantity by feedback valve 118 supplies, thereby avoid the supply air more than required air, this makes the temperature of gaseous mixture is remained on to the near optimal serviceability.

In another embodiment, this system will colder compressor air feeds back to feedback valve 118 in the Exhaust Gas before the turbo machine be under low speed, high capacity serviceability to avoid compressor to occur springing up.Compressor springs up in following situation and is occurring: compressor pressure uprise but due to motor with low rotational speed and not need many inlet stream to make to allow to enter the mass flow of motor low.Spring up (or aerodynamic force stall) of being flow through the compressor that compressor blade causes by low-flow makes the efficiency of compressor extremely fast descend.To the situation of common turbosupercharger, enough springing up can make turbo machine stop the rotation.To the situation of super turbosupercharger, can be used to power from the motor bent axle and promote compressor and enter and spring up.Opening feedback valve 118 allows a compressed-air actuated part to feed back to around motor.This feedback flow makes compressor break away from and springs up and allow higher boost pressure arrival motor 102, thereby allows motor 102 to produce the ratio larger power of issuable power when low engine speed usually.The Exhaust Gas that pressurized air is injected before turbo machine makes the total mass flow conservation via compressor, thereby all flowing to reaches turbo machine, makes the required power minimum of the paramount boost pressure level of engine booster.

In another embodiment, can comprise additional cold start controlling valve 120, for the operation at the rich Cold Start of motor.In this engine cold-start process, from the Exhaust Gas of motor 102, generally include superfluous unburned fuel.Because this rich mixture is not stoichiometry (stoichiometric), so catalytic converter 116 can not be completely oxidized the unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) in Exhaust Gas.These the time, can open cold start controlling valve 120 compressor is fed back to the input part that air offers catalytic converter 116, thus the supply make rich mixture be down to the necessary extra oxygen of stoichiometry level.This allows catalytic converter 116 to light a fire quickly and reduces more efficiently the effulent during cold-start event.If motor dallies, common turbosupercharger will not have the boost pressure that can supply the feedback air.Yet transmission that can adjusting transmission device 110 recently gives compressor by sufficient speed, thereby produce, make air flow through the required pressure of cold start controlling valve 120.In this respect, control signal 124 can be used in the ratio of adjusting transmission device 110, so that during spinning, especially can be from engine-driving axle 112 to compressor during cold start-up 108 provide sufficient rotating speed, thereby compress enough air, make it flow through cold start controlling valve 120 and light catalytic converter 116 with enough oxygen.

Needs for extra oxygen are usually restricted in cold-start event, and often only continue 30 seconds to 40 seconds.Many vehicles are current comprises independent air pump, and independent air pump for should oxygen, be operated required finite time amount with this air pump and compares during cold-start event, and this needs significantly large cost and weight.By with simple cold start controlling valve 120, substituting independent air pump, realized the saving of significant cost, weight and complexity.Because super turbosupercharger 104 can utilize transmission device 110 to control the speed of compressor 108, so cold start controlling valve 120 can comprise simple on-off valve.Then, can, by utilizing transmission device 110 to control the speed of compressor 108 under the operation of control signal 124, be controlled at the air quantity of supplying during cold-start event.

If fuel, as in-engine freezing mixture and/or for catalytic converter 116, also can be used cold start controlling valve 120 in very high temperature in operation period, but has negative effect for fuel efficiency.As explained in more detail below, cold start controlling valve 120 can be supplied and rich Exhaust Gas be fallen be back to the required extra oxygen of stoichiometry level, thereby allow the suitably unburned hydrocarbons effulent in the oxidation Exhaust Gas of catalytic converter 116.This provides for environment the remarkable benefit that is better than existing system.

In the embodiment who is on-off valve at cold start controlling valve 120, thereby this system can be adjusted cold start controlling valve 120 and makes Exhaust Gas be down to the stoichiometry level to change the air supply supplied.Can also realize the function that this is identical with the changeable flow control valve of other type.

Fig. 1 has also disclosed controller 140.Controller 140 is controlled the operation of feedback valve 118 and cold start controlling valve 120.Controller 140 operated with for different conditions optimization flow through the air quantity of feedback valve 118.For best operation, flow through the air quantity of feedback valve 118 for obtaining the necessary minimum air flow amount of certain desired state as above.There are two kinds of specified conditions of controller 140 operational feedback valves 118: 1) when motor operates under the slow-speed of revolution, high load condition, for given boosting, need, approach the limit value that springs up of compressor; And, 2) when motor operates under high rotating speed, high load condition, the temperature that enters the gaseous mixture of turbo machine 106 approaches temperature limit.

As shown in Figure 1, the temperature of gas mixture signal 130 that controller 140 receives from temperature transducer 138, temperature transducer 138 detects the temperature of the gaseous mixture mixed with the hot Exhaust Gas generated by catalytic converter 116 from the cooling-air of compressor 108 supplies.In addition, controller 140 detects the pressurized air suction pressure signal 132 produced by pressure transducer 136, and pressure transducer 136 is arranged in from the compressed-air actuated pipeline of compressor 108 supplies.In addition, the engine speed signal 126 from motor 102 or throttle valve supply and engine loading signal 128 are fed to controller 140.

About be fed at a high speed, the control of the temperature of gaseous mixture in the turbo machine 106 of high load condition, controller 140 produces control signal with operational feedback valve 118, by the temperature limiting of gaseous mixture to following temperature: make in some cases the operation maximum of turbo machine 106, and the not high mechanism to damaging turbo machine 106.In one embodiment, the temperature of approximate 925 ℃ is the optimum temperature of gaseous mixture operating turbine 106.Once be fed to the temperature of the gaseous mixture of turbo machine 106, start to surpass 900 ℃, feedback valve 118 is opened, to allow carrying out cooling from the pressurized air of compressor 108 to the hot Exhaust Gas through before turbo machine 106 from catalytic converter 116.Controller 140 can be designed as the temperature of approximate 925 ℃ is decided to be to target, above be limited to 950 ℃ and under be limited to 900 ℃.The limit value that is slightly larger than 950 ℃ is to use conventional material may cause to turbo machine 106 limit value of damage.Certainly, controller can be designed for other temperature, and this depends on parts and the material of the particular type of using in turbo machine 106.In controller 140, can use conventional proportion integration differentiation (PID) control logic device to generate these and control result.

The benefit of temperature that control enters the gaseous mixture of turbo machine 106 is, exempted the turbo machine that limits gaseous mixture with the fuel in Exhaust Gas and entered temperature, and this has improved the efficiency of system.With colder pressurized air stream, come the cooling hot Exhaust Gas from catalytic converter 116 to need a large amount of air, a large amount of air has comprised the colder temperature of expectation that large quality realizes gaseous mixture.Because the colder pressurized air from compressor 108 is not good freezing mixture, especially when the liquid fuel with being placed in Exhaust Gas is compared, so the cooling air quantity required from the hot Exhaust Gas of catalytic converter 116 is large.Thereby the hot Exhaust Gas from the carry-out part of catalytic converter 116 makes the colder expansion of compressed gas from compressor 108 form gaseous mixture.Owing to reducing the temperature from the hot Exhaust Gas of catalytic converter 116 from the colder pressurized air of the large quality of compressor 108, so the large mass flow of gaseous mixture flows through turbo machine 106, this makes the output of turbo machine 106 significantly increase.The increasing amount of turbine output is as follows: the differential of mass flow deducts the required resulting difference power of acting of pressurized air that compressive flow is crossed feedback valve 118.By obtaining temperature of gas mixture signal 130 from temperature transducer 138 and utilizing feedback valve 118 to control compressed-air actuated interpolation, make and be no more than maximum temperature.

Controller 140 is also controlled feedback valve 118 with springing up in limit compression machine 108.Spring up limit value and be as boost pressure, the boundary that changes through the function of the air stream of compressor and compressor 108 designs.When the flow that enters gas 122 is low and enter pressure ratio between gas 122 and pressurized air when high, be generally used for the compressor of turbosupercharger, as compressor 108, surpass and spring up limit value.In the super turbosupercharger of routine, when engine speed (rpm) 126 is low, the flow that enters gas 122 is low.In the slow-speed of revolution, when motor 102 does not use a large amount of pressurized air, enter the mass flow of gas 122 low and because the compressor 108 rotated can not push high pressure pipe line by air, so spring up in the irrational situation of the flow that enters gas 122.Feedback valve 118 allows flowing and prevent or reduce springing up in compressor 108 by compressed air line 109.Once spring up in compressor 108, can not keep the pressure in compressed air line 109.Therefore, under the slow-speed of revolution of motor 102, high capacity serviceability, the compressed-air actuated pressure in compressed air line 109 can be down to below aspiration level.Especially under the slow-speed of revolution of motor, high capacity serviceability, by opening feedback valve 118, increase the flow that enters gas 122 through compressor 108, this allows to realize boosting level of expectation in compressed air line 109.Feedback valve 118 can only be opened before the desired pressure in reaching compressed air line 109.Yet, by only detecting the boost pressure in compressed air line 109, will open so that compressor 108 springs up before breaking away from the state of springing up at feedback valve 118.

Yet, preferably before the state that springs up occurs, determine and spring up limit value and open in advance feedback valve 118.Can determine and spring up limit value for the boosting level of given rotating speed and expectation.Feedback valve 118 can compressor 108 reach calculating spring up limit value before start to open.Open earlier valve and allow compressor to assemble quickly (spool up) higher boost pressure, this is because compressor keeps the more high efficiency point of more close compressor operation parameter.So, can realize that the quick boost pressure under the slow-speed of revolution raises.By opened valve before springing up generation, can also realize more stable control system.

Opening feedback valve 118 in the mode of the responsiveness that improves motor 102 realizes by allow motor 102 to reach quickly higher boost pressure in than the slow-speed of revolution time when motor 102.And compressor 108 is more efficient, this makes transmission device 110 realize that the acting of supercharging is less.Springing up limit value controls and can in such as control simulation codes based on weinberg salam model such as MATLAB, carry out modeling.Modeling will allow the autocoding of the algorithm of the simulation of controller 140 and controller 140 by this way.

The unique distinction of all control system based on model as described above is, uses transmission device 110 to control the rotation of turbo machine 106 and compressor 108, produces boost pressure, and does not produce turbo lag.In other words, transmission device 110 can extract rotation from bent axle 112 can be with drive compression machine 108, thereby extremely fast at turbo machine 106, produces before being enough to the mechanical energy with this aspiration level drive compression machine 108 the expectation boosting in realizing compressed air line 109.In this way, the sluggishness reduced or eliminated in conventional turbosupercharger reduces control.The control based on model of controller 140 should be designed for the optimum efficiency that keeps compressor 108 in the operating parameter of compressor 108.

The control model of controller 140 also should be based on the carefully modeling of pressure operation parameter, and with the mass flow mapping that motor allows for given target velocity and load, wherein target velocity and load can limit with respect to the position of the throttle valve of vehicle.As shown in Figure 1, engine speed signal 126 can and be applied to controller 140 from motor 102 acquisitions.Similarly, engine loading signal 128 can obtain and be administered to controller 140 from motor 102.Alternatively, these parameters can obtain by the sensor from being positioned at the engine throttle (not shown).The control signal 142 that feedback valve 118 can produce in response to controller 140 subsequently and operating.Pressure transducer 136 produces the pressurized air suction pressure signal 132 that is applied to controller 140, and controller 140 calculates control signal 142 in response to engine speed signal 126, engine loading signal 128 and pressurized air suction pressure signal 132.

During compressor 108 approaches and springs up limit value and not reach motor 102 serviceability of temperature of temperature transducer 138 detected gaseous mixture, feedback valve 118 close so that system as conventional turbo charge system work.Most of situation to motor 102 operating parameters, there will be this situation.When the high capacity low speed state of motor 102 occurs, feedback valve 118 is opened to prevent from springing up.Similarly, under the high rotating speed of motor 102, high capacity serviceability, produce high temperature in the Exhaust Gas at the carry-out part place of catalytic converter 116, so that feedback valve 118 must be opened the temperature of the gaseous mixture will be applied to turbo machine 106, be down to turbo machine 106 is caused below the temperature of damage.

Fig. 2 is the embodiment's of efficient super turbocharged engine system 200 details drawing.As shown in Figure 2, motor 202 comprises the super turbosupercharger of having revised to describing above with reference to Fig. 1, this super turbosupercharger provides the total efficiency higher than the efficiency of the super turbosupercharged engine of routine, and efficiency high, near optimal is provided under the slow-speed of revolution, high capacity serviceability and efficiency high, near optimal is provided under high rotating speed, high load condition.Super turbosupercharger comprises turbo machine 204, and turbo machine 204 mechanically is connected with compressor 206 by axle.Compressor 206 compressions enter air 234 and using generation pressurized air 288 as the air that is fed to compressed air line 238.Compressed air line 238 is connected with interstage cooler 242 with feedback valve 260.As above disclosed, interstage cooler 242 is for the cooling pressurized air in the compression process heating 288.Interstage cooler 242 is connected to compressed air line 238, compressed air line 238 and then be connected to the intake manifold (not shown) of motor 202.Pressure transducer 240 is connected to compressed air line 238 with the pressure of detection pressurized air 288 and by the compress inlet air pressure signal 262 supply pressure readings that are applied to controller 266.As above disclosed, utilize the feedback valve control signal 258 that controller 266 produces to control feedback valve 260.Under the certain operations state, feedback valve 260 opens to be fed to mixing chamber 246 from the pressurized air 288 of compression air conduit 238.

As shown in the embodiment of Fig. 2, mixing chamber 246 only is included in a series of openings 244 in catalytic converter output pipeline 210, the compressed air conduit 238 of a series of openings 244 around so that mix with gaseous mixture 292 after conversion catalytic converter output pipeline 210 from the pressurized air 288 of compressed air line 238 supply by opening 244.After can using pressurized air 288 that the mixing chamber of any desired type will be colder and transforming, gaseous mixture 284 mixes to reduce the temperature of cooling rear gaseous mixture 288.Temperature transducer 248 is arranged in the temperature of catalytic converter output pipeline 210 with the cooling rear gaseous mixture 286 of measurement catalytic converter output pipeline 210.Temperature transducer 248 is fed to controller 266 by gaseous mixture temperature signal 256, and controller 266 is controlled feedback valve 260 by feedback valve control signal 258 and is no more than and can causes to turbo machine 204 maximum temperature of damage with the temperature of guaranteeing cooling rear gaseous mixture 286,210.Catalytic converter 252 is connected to Exhaust Gas manifold 208 by catalytic converter inlet pipe 250.By catalytic converter 252 being arranged near gas exhaust manifold 208, flow directly into catalytic converter 252 from the hot Exhaust Gas of motor 202, this contributes to start catalytic converter 252.In other words, the close arrangement that approaches the outlet of motor Exhaust Gas of catalytic converter 252 does not allow Exhaust Gas cooling significantly before entering catalytic converter 252, and this has improved the performance of catalytic converter 252.Because catalytic converter 252 utilizes the exothermic reaction occurred in catalytic converter 252 to carry out the catalysis Exhaust Gas, when Exhaust Gas passes through catalytic converter 252, catalytic converter 252 is added to extra heat in Exhaust Gas.After the very hot conversion at the carry-out part place of catalytic converter 252, gaseous mixture 284 is fed to catalytic converter output pipeline 210 and cooling by pressurized air 288.The temperature that depends on gaseous mixture 284 after the very hot conversion that the serviceability according to motor 202 changes, by the pressurized air of difference amount 288 add to transform after in gaseous mixture 284, for example at a high speed, during high load condition.During low engine speed, engine high load state, feedback valve 260 also springs up avoiding for allowing to enter air stream overcompression machine.Springing up with the aerodynamic force stall of compressor blade similarly, is because the low stream mode by compressor during the low engine speed state occurs.As above disclosed, rotating mechanical energy transmits via continuously variable transmission device 214 from engine crankshaft 222, the speed driving compressor 206 that continuously variable transmission device 214 is controlled with CVT control signal 264, be enough to make compressor 206 to rotate to avoid springing up.When springing up generation, because can not compressing, compressor 206 enters air, so the pressure drop in the intake manifold (not shown).By feedback valve 260 being opened to the air stream overcompression machine 206 that allows, can in intake manifold, keep pressure, so that can be because high air-distributor pressure is realized high moment of torsion when under the motor slow-speed of revolution, requiring high moment of torsion.

As above disclosed, when motor 202 operates under high speed, high load condition, catalytic converter 252 makes in the Exhaust Gas that is fed to catalytic converter output pipeline 210 and produces amount of heat.By will compress, cooling-air 292 is fed to catalytic converter output pipeline 210, after the conversion of heat, gaseous mixture 284 is at a high speed, be cooled under high load condition.Along with the load of motor and speed increase, produce after hotter conversion gas and need more to compress cooling-air 292.If not providing, turbo machine 204 is not enough to the rotation of drive compression machine 206 energy, for example, under low speed, high load condition, engine crankshaft 222 can be fed to compressor 206 via rotating band 218, drive pulley 220, axle 216, reduction gear 224 and transmission device 232 by rotation.And any part that the propelling that can use vehicle is will be rotated and can be fed to compressor 206, and Fig. 2 has disclosed a kind of implementation according to a disclosed embodiment.

And as shown in Figure 2, mixing valve 236 also is connected to compressed air line 238 and mixing duct 212.Mixing duct 212 is connected to the catalytic converter inlet pipe 250 that is positioned at catalytic converter 252 upstreams.The purposes of mixing valve 236 is pressurized air 280 to be provided to the input part of catalytic converter 252 during starting state as above and other rich fuel mix state.Under starting state, before catalytic converter 252 reaches the complete operation temperature, via mixing duct 212, by pressurized air 280, provide extra oxygen to start catalytic process.The extra oxygen provided via mixing duct 212 contributes to starting of catalytic process.As explained in more detail below, during rich engine fuel serviceability, for example, when being driven under the throttle valve open mode, extra oxygen can be fed to the input part of catalytic converter 252, so that catalytic converter enters the stoichiometric operation state, reduce like this pollutant and made the temperature of the Exhaust Gas that leaves catalytic converter 252 raise, thus can be for improving the output of the super turbosupercharger shown in Fig. 2.Controller 266 is controlled mixing valve 236 in response to engine speed signal 268, engine loading signal 270 and temperature of gas mixture signal 256 by mixing valve control signal 254.

Therefore, the efficient super turbocharged engine system 200 of spark ignition operates in the mode similar to super turbosupercharger, except feedback valve 260 will be fed to the input part of turbo machine from the part of the pressurized air 288 of compressor for following two reasons.A reason is, for gaseous mixture after conversion 284 enter before turbo machine gaseous mixture after this conversion is cooling so that can utilize whole energy of Exhaust Gas and at a high speed, do not need wastegate under high load condition.Another reason is, in order to provide air stream by compressor to prevent springing up under the slow-speed of revolution, high load condition.In addition, catalytic converter 252 can be connected to Exhaust Gas and arrive in turbo machine exhaust stream before, drive turbo machine 204 and make pressurized air 238 expansions that mix with hot gas from catalytic converter 252 so that the heat that catalytic converter 252 produces can be used in, this has improved the efficiency of system.In addition, mixing valve 236 can be used in by oxygen being offered to Exhaust Gas during starting state and starts the catalytic process in catalytic converter 252, and in reducing pollutant and add more heats to Exhaust Gas under other rich fuel mixture serviceability.

As mentioned above, on the motor especially used in vehicle, other enriched air/fuel mixture may appear.For example, when when opening throttle valve vehicle is accelerated, generate enriched air/fuel mixture, and motor 202 and catalytic converter 252 do not operate in the stoichiometry mode.As a result, emit CO gas and hydrocarbon in Exhaust Gas 230.Although motor 200 can produce larger horsepower and allow the vehicle acceleration when with rich fuel mixture, motor 202 or catalytic converter 252 can not make rich fuel mixture fully burn.By controlling mixing valve 236, more oxygen is added to and leaves gas exhaust manifold 208 and enter in the Exhaust Gas of catalytic converter inlet pipe 250, extra oxygen permission carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon that pressurized air 280 provides are oxidized in catalytic converter 252.O ₂Sensor 272 is arranged in catalytic converter inlet pipe 250, and catalytic converter inlet pipe 250 provides the O that is applied to controller 266 ₂Sensor input signal 274.O ₂Sensor input signal detect the input part place be arranged in catalytic converter 252 gaseous mixture amount of oxygen and produce mixing valve control signal 254 with operation mixing valve 236.In this way, can open mixing valve 236 with the oxygen supply by sufficient to catalytic converter inlet pipe 250, thereby regulate the rich fuel mixture and the gaseous mixture 290 of pressurized air 280 from the Exhaust Gas of gas exhaust manifold 208 that comprise enter catalytic converter 252, with simultaneous oxidation carbon monoxide and the hydrocarbon of the stoichiometric operation at maintenance catalytic converter 252.Both all can be used in the aperture that when the rich fuel mixture of judgement is applied to motor 202 and the mixing valve control signal 252 that therefore produces by the generation that utilizes rich fuel Exhaust Gas in controller 266 prediction gas exhaust manifolds 208 is regulated mixing valve 236 engine speed signal 268 and engine loading signal 270.Because rich fuel mixture is oxidized in catalytic converter 252, so catalytic converter 252 produces extra heat.Therefore, temperature transducer 248 will detect the higher temperature of the gas in catalytic converter output pipeline 210, and can open feedback valve 260 additional compression cooling-air 292 is added in catalytic converter output pipeline 210 to guarantee that cooling rear gaseous mixture 286 is no more than the maximum temperature that may damage turbo machine 204, this maximum temperature can be approximate 950 ℃.Use by this way mixing valve 236 to allow catalytic converter 252 to operate in the stoichiometry mode under great majority or all operations were state, thereby reduced significantly the pollutant that efficient super turbocharged engine system 200 discharges.

The mixing valve 236 of Fig. 2 can also use in the mode of the stoichiometric operation that do not produce catalytic converter 252.For example, the racing engine of some types and vehicle motor that some are national do not require and pollute control.In this case, can open mixing valve 236 so that sufficient oxygen to be provided, thus guarantee all carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon oxidized in catalytic converter 252, and without the stoichiometric operation that keeps catalytic converter 252.Racing engine is used the mixture that is rich in of the output power that improves motor 202 usually.In addition, extra fuel contributes to the cooled engine parts.Can add additional compressed air via mixing valve 236, thereby not only add the oxygen for oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide, and add cooled gas at the input part place of catalytic converter 252.The oxidation meeting that is rich in fuel mixture causes catalytic converter 252 to operate under excessive temperature, and this can reduce by via mixing valve 236, adding additive air.

Fig. 3 is another embodiment's of efficient super turbocharged engine system 300 schematic diagram.Super turbocharged engine system 300 is different from the embodiment of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 at least in one aspect: additional compressor 328 is set.As shown in Figure 3, motor 340 comprises the mechanically turbo machine 344 of drive compression machine 356.Compressor 356 compressions are from the air of suction tude 360 and pressurized air 388 is fed to pipeline 312.Pipeline 312 is connected to the interstage cooler 362 of cooled compressed air 388.Interstage cooler 362 is connected to compressed air line 368, compressed air line 368 and then be connected to the intake manifold (not shown) of motor 340.And as shown in Figure 3, controller 354 receives engine speed signal 350 and engine loading signal 352.These signals are for calculating the super turbosupercharger rate control signal 310 that is applied to variable speed drive or motor/generator 326.From the motor 340 of vehicle or the power 334 of propelling system, with variable speed drive or motor/generator 332, connect so that power 334 can transmit between variable speed drive or motor/generator 332 and mechanically-propelled system or electric propulsion system.

And as shown in Figure 3, independent compressor 328 is connected to transmission device or motor 326.The power 324 that can be used to self-propelled system drives variable speed drive 326.Alternatively, can be used to the electric drive motor 326 from engine system 300.Compressor 328 compression from the air of cooled gas suction tude 322 so that the compression cooled gas 380 that is applied to compressed air line 320 to be provided.Compression cooled gas 380 in compressed air line 320 is applied to mixing chamber 316, and mixing chamber 316 has the opening 314 that is arranged in catalytic converter output pipeline 306.Can use the mixing chamber of any desired type will compress cooled gas 380 and transform the temperature that rear Exhaust Gas 384 mixes to reduce the cooling Exhaust Gas 386 in catalytic converter output pipeline 306.Temperature transducer 364 is arranged in the catalytic converter output pipeline 306 in mixing chamber 316 downstreams to measure the temperature of cooling Exhaust Gas 386.Temperature transducer 364 is fed to controller 354 by temperature of gas mixture signal 348, and controller 354 is controlled the operation of variable speed drive or motor 332.Controller 354 produces transmission device/motor control signals 308, and transmission device/motor control signal 308 is applied to variable speed drive or motor 326 with the speed of controlling compressor 328 and the amount that is fed to the compression cooled gas 380 of compressed air line 320.The amount that control is fed to the compression cooled gas 380 of compressed air line 320 is no more than with the temperature of the cooling Exhaust Gas 386 of guaranteeing to enter turbo machine 344 maximum temperature that can damage turbo machine 344.This maximum temperature can be in the scope of 900 ℃ to 950 ℃.Exhaust Gas from turbo machine 344 is discharged by outlet pipe 366 subsequently.

And as shown in Figure 3, catalytic converter inlet pipe 342 is connected to gas exhaust manifold 318 so that from the catalyzer in the hot Exhaust Gas activation catalytic converter 346 of gas exhaust manifold 318 in the position near gas exhaust manifold 318.After the conversion of the heat transformed by catalytic converter 346, Exhaust Gas 384 leaves catalytic converter 346 and is applied to catalytic converter output pipeline 306.After transforming, Exhaust Gas 384 mixes with compression cooled gas 380 subsequently.

Therefore, by compression cooled gas 380 sources colder via compressed air line 320 supply with the conversion of guaranteeing the heat from catalytic converter in catalytic converter output pipeline 306 after Exhaust Gas 384 sufficiently cooled to prevent that turbo machine 344 is caused to damage, thus, additional compressor 328 as shown in Figure 3 and variable speed drive or motor 326 have substituted the feedback valve 118 of Fig. 1.Yet the embodiment of Fig. 3 does not provide by using feedback valve 260 feedback valves such as grade such as Fig. 2 to limit the mode sprung up.Therefore, the embodiment of Fig. 3 and the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 can be revised as and comprise feedback valve 118, can for example, open feedback valve 118 and spring up preventing approach while springing up limit value (slow-speed of revolution of motor, high capacity serviceability).Feedback valve, the feedback valve 260 of Fig. 2 for example, can also contribute in Exhaust Gas after the additional conversion of adding the heat in catalytic converter output pipeline 306 than cold air to, the temperature of cooling Exhaust Gas 386 is down to optimum temperature and prevents from turbo machine 344 is caused to damage further contributing to.

Fig. 4 is another embodiment of efficient super turbocharged engine system 400.As shown in Figure 4, motor 402 comprises super turbosupercharger, and super turbosupercharger comprises high speed driving unit 406, turbo machine 408, outlet pipe 410, compressor 404 and suction tude 462.Super turbosupercharger also comprises variable speed drive or the motor/generator 428 connected with power systems 430 such as mechanically-propelled system or electric propulsion system.Pressurized air from compressor 404 is applied to pipeline 412.Interstage cooler 460 cooled compressed air and pressurized air is applied to compressed air line 458.Compressed air line 458 connects with the input manifold (not shown) of motor 402.

As shown in Figure 4 and as disclosed, power 430 can be delivered to mechanically-propelled system or electric propelling system from super turbosupercharger, or transfers back to super turbosupercharger to make super turbocharger operation during some states such as during turbo lag state for example from machinery or electric propelling system.Variable speed drive or motor/generator 428 can be the mechanical type continuously variable transmission device, or can form motor/generator.Can use various types of motor/generators.For example, can use and the similar motor/generator of motor/generator for advancing and braking used in electric vehicle.When reduction gear 426 drive motors/generator 428, the electric power that motor/generator can be produced is fed to electric propulsion system to contribute to advance automobile.Alternatively, motor/generator 428 can be as being usingd by power-actuated motor of the electrical system from vehicle in the lower reduction gear 426 that drives of some states (as an example, for example, when the state that turbo lag may occur).Variable speed drive or motor/generator 428 operate with the variable speed drive to Fig. 3 or the similar mode of motor/generator 326.Variable speed drive or motor/generator 428 operate in response to super turbosupercharger rate control signal 452.Engine loading signal 456 and engine speed signal 454 are applied to controller 470, and controller 470 is controlled variable speed drive or motor/generator 428 by super turbosupercharger rate control signal 452.

The system of Fig. 4 also comprises the catalytic converter 468 be connected with catalytic converter inlet pipe 440.Catalytic converter inlet pipe 440 and then be connected to gas exhaust manifold 418.Catalytic converter 468 is positioned near gas exhaust manifold 418, and this allows from the catalyzer in the hot Exhaust Gas 470 activation catalytic converters of gas exhaust manifold 418.In the stoichiometry zone that catalytic converter 468 can be controlled in vehicle fuel system, operate.Catalytic converter 468 produces the additional heat in Exhaust Gas 472 after the conversion that is fed to catalytic converter output pipeline 446.Variable speed drive 424 is attached to reduction gear 426 and the control of the variable speed drive that generates at controller 470/motor control signal 448 under operated.Variable speed drive 424 is operated compressor 422, and compressor 422 compresses from the gas of cooled gas suction tude 420 and will compress cooled gas 478 and is applied to pressurized gas pipeline 432.The pressurized gas of compression in cooling air pipe 432 mixes with Exhaust Gas 472 after hot conversion in mixing chamber 416.Opening 414 allows compression cooled gas 478 to mix with Exhaust Gas 472 conversion with leaving catalytic converter 468 from pressurized gas pipeline 432 inflow catalytic converter output pipelines 440.Temperature transducer 464 is measured the temperature in mixing chamber 416 downstreams.And cooling rear Exhaust Gas 474 must be below the maximum temperature that turbo machine 408 is damaged, this maximum temperature is approximately 900 ℃ to 950 ℃ in many examples.Temperature transducer 464 sends to controller 470 by temperature of gas mixture signal 450, controller 470 produces the variable speed drive of the speed for controlling compressor 422/motor control signal 448, and then the amount of the compression cooled gas 478 mixed with Exhaust Gas 472 after conversion in catalytic converter output pipeline 446 in control pressurized gas pipeline 432, remain on the optimum temperature of approximate 900 ℃ with the temperature that will compress cooled gas 478.Therefore, efficient super turbocharged engine system 402 has utilized the additional variable speed drive 424 connected with reduction gear 426, before compression cooled gas 478 enters turbo machine 408, compression cooled gas 478 is added to and transform in rear Exhaust Gas 472.In this way, for the purpose of Exhaust Gas 472 after cooling conversion, do not extract the pressurized air 476 from compressor 404 and pipeline 412.

Can use other gas except fresh air as the compression cooled gas 478 that is fed to cooled gas suction tude 420.For example, can use tail pipe Exhaust Gas, crank case gases, RAM air input gas etc. as the cooling air body source.Exhaust Gas comprises and can effectively to Exhaust Gas 472 conversion from gas exhaust manifold 418 discharges, carry out cooling a large amount of water vapour and carbon dioxide.And, as mentioned above, can connect pump with pumping from the crank case gases of crankcase to reduce the aerodynamic effects of movable part in air pressure in crankcase and restriction crankcase.Because crank case gases comprises oil vapor, contribute to reduce effulent so introduce oil vapor at the front end place of catalytic converter 836, this is because catalytic converter 836 will those oil vapors of oxidation.

Embodiment shown in Fig. 1-3 mainly is intended to make following power operation: it has and carrys out comfortable stoichiometric point or a little more than the air/fuel mixture of the motor of stoichiometry point operation.This is usually in following zone: for most of gasoline mixtures, in this zone, approximate 14.6-14.8 part air is to a fuel, as hereinafter disclosed more in detail by weight.In this way, three-way catalytic converter can reducing NOx and oxidizing carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons to generate few effulent.As hereinafter disclosed, the input part that the embodiment of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 mainly is intended to by oxygen being added to catalytic converter utilizes rich gas/fuel mixture to make engine running.The generation of the embodiment of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 and NOx gas is irrelevant, and relates to by utilizing for the rich gas/fuel mixture of burning and realizing to reclaim used heat the maximum output that can be supplied by motor by the carbon monoxide by catalytic converter and unburned hydrocarbons oxidation.

Fig. 5 is another embodiment who uses the efficient super turbocharged engine system 500 of additional compressor 526.The embodiment of Fig. 5 is for motor 502, and the rich gas/fuel mixture of motor 502 use is come to generate a large amount of horsepower from motor 502.For example, the embodiment of Fig. 5 can be used for other motor of racing car or not contaminated requirement (especially for NOx gas) restriction.The certain oxidation of hydrocarbons pollutant of the embodiment of Fig. 5 and carbon monoxide pollution thing, but catalytic converter 502 does not operate in the stoichiometry mode, thus do not reduce the NOx pollutant.

As shown in Figure 5, variable speed drive or motor/generator 532 are delivered to power 534 power 534 that advances system and/or electrical system or transmit self-propelled system and/or electrical system.High speed driving unit 506 is attached to reduction gear 568 by turbo machine 508 and compressor 504.Compressor 504 compressions are from the air of suction tude 540.Pressurized air is applied to the pipeline 530 be connected with interstage cooler 544.Interstage cooler 544 cooled compressed air and pressurized air is applied to compressed air line 542.Compressed air line 542 connects with the intake manifold of motor 502.Variable speed drive or motor/generator 532 are operated under the control of the super turbosupercharger rate control signal 562 produced according to engine speed signal 564 and engine loading signal 566 by controller 514, as above more described in detail.

And as shown in Figure 5, variable speed drive or motor 524 operate additional compressor 526 according to electric or mechanical power source 522.Can use the electric power operation motor 524 from power supply 534.Can be used to operate variable speed drive or motor/generator 532 from the machine power of reduction gear 568 or from the mechanical rotating power of motor 502 or the propelling system that connects with motor 502.Compressor 526 compresses the air received from cooled gas suction tude 528 and pressurized air is applied to compressed air line 520.Variable speed drive or motor 524 are operated under the control of variable speed drive/motor/generator control signal 558.Pressurized air in compressed air line 520 is applied to mixing chamber 516, and mixing chamber 516 has a series of openings 546 that are arranged in catalytic converter inlet pipe 548 so that the pressurized air of compressed air line 520 mixes to generate gaseous mixture 572 with the hot Exhaust Gas from gas exhaust manifold 518.The purpose of the additional compressed air from compression air conduit 520 being added to the upstream of catalytic converter 510 is that more oxygen and/or cooled gas are added in the Exhaust Gas that is supplied to catalytic converter 510.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, not necessarily be intended to make catalytic converter 510 to operate in the stoichiometry zone.Efficient super turbocharged engine system 500 is the systems that can use in the engine system of the racing car that can discharge NOx gas or other high power.In the engine system of these types, motor operates by rich fuel mixture, thereby produces a large amount of power from motor 502.Rich fuel mixture is the mixture of fuel and air, and wherein during burn cycle, not every fuel is burned, and therefore, Exhaust Gas comprises unburned fuel.In the way-train that is subject to pollution criterion restrictions or commercial car, for three-way catalytic converter in earnest the balanced engine system to carry out following task simultaneously:

1. utilize following formula that nitrogen oxide reduction is become to nitrogen and oxygen:

2NOx → xO ₂+ N ₂Formula (1)

2. utilize following formula that Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide is become to carbon dioxide:

2CO+O ₂→ 2CO ₂Formula (2)

3. utilize following formula that unburned hydrocarbon (HC) is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water:

C _XH _2X+2+ [(3x+1)/2] O ₂→ xCO ₂+ (x+1) H ₂O formula (3)

When catalytic converter, when at stoichiometric point or a little more than the motor of stoichiometric point operation, receiving Exhaust Gas, these reactions occur the most efficiently.For gasoline, by mass, be that air between 14.6 parts and 14.8 parts is to 1 part of fuel.In stoichiometric narrow fuel/air ratio band, the conversion of all three kinds of pollutants is almost completely.For example, most of catalytic converters are with the operation of 97 percent efficiency.When existing than required more oxygen, engine system is regarded as poor operation, and system is in oxidation state.In this case, the reduction (formula 1) that diminishes NOx of take is cost, promotes two kinds of oxidation reaction, i.e. above-mentioned formula 2 and 3.On the other hand, when having excessive fuel, the rich operation of motor, and take and diminish CO and HC oxidation (above-mentioned formula 2 and 3) be cost, the reduction (formula 1) of promotion NOx.

Referring again to Fig. 5, add pressurized air to generate gaseous mixture 572 via compressed air line 520 to the Exhaust Gas in catalytic converter inlet pipe 548, this will promote above-mentioned formula 2 and formula 3.Because racing engine or other motor of producing a large amount of power operate by rich fuel mixture, for example, when vehicle accelerates or operates under throttle valve is opened situation, so this will make a large amount of rich fuel mixture existed in the Exhaust Gas of catalytic converter 510 oxidations from motor.Do not allow rich fuel mixture to arrive outlet pipe 512 by catalytic converter 510, add the oxygen existed in the pressurized air from compressor 526 and will allow catalytic converter 510 basically fully to carry out represented oxidation reaction in above-mentioned formula 2 and 3.The process of the unburned fuel in oxidation catalytic converter 510 will produce a large amount of heats in catalytic converter 510.Temperature transducer 552 produces the temperature of gas mixture signal 560 that is applied to controller 514.And, the temperature of gaseous mixture 574 after transforming need to be remained on to approximate level below 950 ℃, so that catalytic converter 510 or turbo machine 508 can not be damaged.In this respect, the variable speed drive of controller 514 generation control variable speed drives or motor 524/motor control signal 558, to generate additional cooled gas in compressed air line 520, thereby the temperature in catalytic converter output pipeline 556 is remained on to the near optimal temperature of about 900 ℃-950 ℃.Compressor 526 can provide more or less pressurized gas to remain on about 900 ℃ with the temperature that temperature transducer 552 is measured.And 900 ℃-950 ℃ because, lower than causing the temperature of damage still still enough high to produce the high speed hot gas in catalytic converter output pipeline 556 to turbo machine 508 and catalytic converter 510, institute thinks the near optimal temperature.After transforming, gaseous mixture 574 is warmmer, and after transforming, the speed of gaseous mixture 574 is larger, thus the speed that after after hotter conversion, gaseous mixture 574 can make turbo machine 508 with the conversion than in lower temperature, the speed of gaseous mixture 574 is higher rotation.And the temperature of 900 ℃-950 ℃ is only exemplary and the material based on system.For example, if turbo machine 508 can consist of the material that can bear higher temperature, higher temperature can be more preferably temperature.

And as shown in Figure 5, oxygen sensor 550 is applied to the oxygen level of the gas of catalytic converter 510 for measurement.The oxygen sensor signal 554 generated by oxygen sensor 550 is applied to controller 514.By generation be applied to variable speed drive or motor 524 for the variable speed drive of controlling compressor 526/motor control signal 558, controller 514 is controlled and is applied to the Exhaust Gas of catalytic converter 510 and the oxygen level of compressed-air actuated mixture.Controller 514 is programmed to guarantee to be applied in the gaseous mixture 572 of catalytic converter 510 and has enough oxygen, so that the oxidation meaned in above-mentioned formula 2 and 3 is completely.Therefore, enough pressurized air is applied to catalytic converter inlet pipe 548 to guarantee the oxidation according to above-mentioned formula 2 and 3.When the detected temperature of temperature transducer 552 starts to reach 900 ℃-950 ℃, compressor 526 will be used additional compressed air.By this way, oxygen sensor 550 must be in response to temperature of gas mixture signal 560, detecting gaseous mixture 572 when remaining on below highest temperature level by temperature enough oxygen to guarantee the oxidation according to formula 2 and 3, temperature of gas mixture signal 560 detects the temperature of gaseous mixture 574 after the conversion of leaving catalytic converter 510.The programming of controller 514 can utilize technology mentioned above to realize.

In addition, the efficient super turbocharged engine system 500 shown in Fig. 5 can also operate so that catalytic converter 510 operates with stoichiometric mode.For example, if engine system 500 is used on vehicle, extra oxygen can be added in catalytic converter inlet pipe 548 to the balance with the reaction of freeze mode 1-3, thereby catalytic converter 510 is operated in the stoichiometry zone.The typical situation that is arranged in the engine system 500 in vehicle is, when throttle valve is opened so that vehicle accelerates and while from motor 502, obtaining more power, use rich fuel mixture.In this case, can add extra oxygen with balanced type 1-3 and catalytic converter 510 is operated in the stoichiometry mode via compressor 526, compressed air line 520, mixing chamber 516 and opening 546.In this way, even, within the accelerating period of vehicle, also can significantly reduce the pollutant in outlet pipe 512.

Fig. 6 show with together with high power engine system 600 such as for racing car, use or for open the system that is similar to Fig. 5 that reduces pollutant under situation at throttle valve.Racing engine is designed to utilize enriched air/fuel mixture to be operated to guarantee to produce a large amount of power from motor 602.Variable speed drive or motor/generator 630 in response to super turbosupercharger rate control signal 656 between mechanically-propelled system or electric propulsion system transferring power 632, super turbosupercharger rate control signal 656 is controller 638 responding engine rate signals 658 and engine loading signal 660 and produce.Turbo machine 604 and compressor 608 connect with the high speed driving unit 606 that rotating mechanical energy is fed to reduction gear 628.Compressor 608 compressions are from the air of suction tude 612 and pressurized air 676 is fed to pipeline 634.Pressurized air 676 is cooling and be applied in compressed air line 636 in interstage cooler 614.Pressurized air 676 in compressed air line 636 is administered to the intake manifold (not shown) to improve the power of motor 602.Turbo machine 604 in response to the conversion of the heat from catalytic converter output pipeline 650 after gaseous mixture 674 and operating.After the conversion of heat, gaseous mixture 674 is operated the blade of turbo machine 604 and discharges via outlet pipe 610.

As shown in Figure 6, additional compressor 624 is attached to the variable speed drive 626 connected with reduction gear 628.Variable speed drive 626 makes compressor 624 rotate with desired speed in response to variable speed drive/motor control signal 652.Compressor 624 compressions are from the gas of cooled gas suction tude 622 and pressurized gas 670 is fed to pressurized gas pipeline 620.And the source of cooled gas suction tude 622 can comprise any desired gas, comprise Exhaust Gas, crank case gases, fresh air or other gas source.Pressurized gas 670 in pressurized gas pipeline 620 is administered in mixing chamber 616, and mixing chamber 616 comprises the opening 662 that is arranged in catalytic converter inlet pipe 640.Catalytic converter inlet pipe 640 also is attached to gas exhaust manifold 618.Catalytic converter 646 is attached near catalytic converter inlet pipes 640 gas exhaust manifold 618 so that can be administered to catalytic converter 646 from the hot type of gas exhaust manifold 618 body of giving vent to anger.Temperature transducer 644 detects the temperature of the gaseous mixture 672 of the pressurized gas that is administered to catalytic converter 646 and Exhaust Gas.Oxygen sensor 642 produces the oxygen sensor signal 648 that is applied to controller 638.The temperature of gaseous mixture 674 after the conversion of catalytic converter 646 is left in temperature transducer 644 monitoring.Temperature transducer 644 produces the temperature of gas mixture sensor signal 654 that is applied to controller 638.

Controller 638 operates in the essentially identical mode of controller 514 with Fig. 5.Because motor 602 can utilize rich fuel mixture to be operated, so by compressor 624, enough pressurized gass 670 are fed to catalytic converter 646 in response to variable speed drive/motor control signal 652, so that according to formula 2 and 3 complete oxidation hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide basically.This makes catalytic converter 646 that amount of heat is added to and transforms rear gaseous mixture 674, and after transforming, gaseous mixture 674 is fed to catalytic converter output pipeline 650 and is fed to subsequently turbo machine 604.Oxygen sensor 642 produces the oxygen sensor signal 648 that is applied to controller 638, this guarantees that pressurized gas 670 due to compressor 624 supply makes in gaseous mixture 672 and has enough oxygen, thereby guarantees to carry out oxidation according to formula 2 and 3 in catalytic converter 646.Temperature transducer 644 produces the temperature of gas mixture signal 654 that is applied to controller 638 and is administered to catalytic converter inlet pipe 640 with the pressurized gas 670 of guaranteeing correct amount, to guarantee the keeping temperature of approximate 900 ℃-950 ℃ in gaseous mixture 674 after conversion, thereby do not damage turbo machine 604.Variable speed drive/motor control signal 652 is controlled the speed of compressor 624 rotations, and this and then control compressor 624 are administered to the pressurized gas scale of construction of pressurized gas pipeline 620.

As mentioned above, with reference to figure 5, during the acceleration or throttle valve open mode of motor 602, oxygen can add in gaseous mixture 672 by compressor 624.In this case, motor 602 does not operate in the stoichiometry mode, but rich fuel mixture is administered in motor 602.Result, can be by extra oxygen supply to gaseous mixture 672, gaseous mixture 672 just is enough to allow catalytic converter 646 to operate in the stoichiometry mode so that formula 1-3 balance and basically all eliminated three kinds of pollution sources, i.e. NOx, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon.

Due to the additional heat that catalytic converter 510,646 produces, compressor 526, the 624 required energy in application drawing 5 and Fig. 6 are respectively the only about half of of power that turbo machine 508,604 can produce.In this way, can extract a large amount of additional-energies from the operation of the richness shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 motor.Not only the system shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is extracted additional-energy to improve the power output of the motor shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, and the oxidation described in formula 2 and 3 has reduced significantly such as the pollutant in the Exhaust Gas of the rich operation engine systems such as racing car.Although NOx does not reduce when extra oxygen being fed to the input part of catalytic converter 646, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon are gone up substantially by the exhaust output oxidation of these rich operation motors.It is to be further understood that, when motor 602 carries out the richness operation, motor 602 produces less NOx gas in firing chamber, this has reduced the output of NOx gas, even compressor 624 adds extra oxygen to the input part (this has reduced the validity of formula 1) of catalytic converter 646, is also like this.Because do not need a large amount of pressurized gas 670 to cause making the oxidation of the required Exhaust Gas of the engine system operation shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 and cooling, so can use more small-sized compressor, for example, respectively at the compressor 526,624 shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.Can use cheap piston, centrifugal or diapragm compressor to supply required pressurized air.These compressors can be as described above by motor or by being connected to the variable speed drive operation that advances system.In this way, the system shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 can easily be constructed with low cost.In addition, catalytic converter 510,646 can comprise the high flow capacity catalytic converter that can make a large amount of gaseous mixtures flow through catalytic converter.In this way, catalytic converter 510,646 does not limit Exhaust Gas and flows to turbo machine 508,604.

Fig. 7 is the plotted curve 700 that the temperature of the gaseous mixture in the catalytic converter output pipeline 650 of the catalytic converter output pipeline 556 of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is shown.As shown in Figure 7, in the part 702 of curve, when catalytic converter 510,646 starts operation and utilizes pressurized air that extra oxygen is provided, temperature raises.At point 703 places, controller 514,638 is judged needs more air gaseous mixture is remained on to 900 ℃-950 ℃.Therefore, add enough air and remain on approximate 900 ℃-950 ℃ with the temperature of the gaseous mixture at the carry-out part place by catalytic converter 510,646, as shown in the part 704 of curve.If do not add additional compressed air, the temperature at the gaseous mixture at the carry-out part place of catalytic converter 510,646 will be increased to approximate 1100 ℃, as shown in curve 706, at point 705 places, controller 514,638 is judged and is had enough oxygen in response to oxygen sensor signal 554,648, but judge the relatively large air that utilizes compressor 526,624 supply, will make the temperature of gaseous mixture at the carry-out part place of catalytic converter 510,646 descend, as shown in curve 708.Therefore, reduce air supply, so that the temperature of gaseous mixture remains on approximate 900 ℃-950 ℃, as shown in the part 709 of curve.In this way, temperature at the gaseous mixture at the carry-out part place of catalytic converter 510,646 remains on basic optimum level to utilize turbo machine 508,604 to extract most of energy from hot Exhaust Gas, also utilizes the detection of oxygen sensor 550,642 to guarantee according to the detection of oxygen sensor 550,642, to exist enough oxygen to guarantee to occur the complete oxidation according to above-mentioned formula 2 and 3 in the gaseous mixture at the input part place of catalytic converter 510,646 simultaneously.

Fig. 8 is another embodiment's of efficient super turbocharged engine system 800 schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 8, motor 802 utilizes the super turbosupercharger that comprises turbo machine 804 and compressor 806.Transmission device 808 is connected to turbo machine 804 and compressor 806, and between variable speed drive or motor/generator 820 and turbo machine 804/ compressor 806 transferring power.Power 822 transmits between variable speed drive or motor/generator 820 and motor output or dynamical system, as mentioned above.Enter gas 824 and compressed by compressor 806, and Exhaust Gas 810 is discharged from turbo machine 804.

As shown in Figure 8, compressor 806 is fed to pipeline 860 by pressurized air 876.Pressurized air 876 in pipeline 860 is applied to the interstage cooler 858 of cooled compressed air 876.Then, cooled compressed air is administered to the intake manifold (not shown) of motor 802 via compressed air line 856.Mixing valve 842 is connected to mixing duct 818, and mixing duct 818 is fed to catalytic converter inlet pipe 830 via mixing chamber 814 by pressurized air 870.Mixing valve 842 operates under the control of controller mixing valve signal 844.Opening 812 in catalytic converter inlet pipe 830 allows pressurized air 870 flow into catalytic converter inlet pipe 830 and mix with the Exhaust Gas from gas exhaust manifold 816.The pressure of the pressurized air 870 in mixing duct 818 is greater than the middle pressure of the Exhaust Gas in catalytic converter inlet pipe 830, so that pressurized air 870 flows into the Exhaust Gas in catalytic converter inlet pipe 830 and mixes to generate gaseous mixture 872 with it.As mentioned above, enter gas 824 and can comprise fresh gas or other gas of entering from surrounding environment.If fresh air is fed to mixing chamber 814 by mixing duct 818, oxygen adds in catalytic converter 836 and will contribute to existing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon in the Exhaust Gas of oxidation from gas exhaust manifold 816.By extra oxygen being added in Exhaust Gas to the stoichiometric point that surpasses the air/fuel ratio, according to the process meaned in formula 2 and formula 3, catalytic converter 836 is existing hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in the oxidation Exhaust Gas effectively.Yet the extra oxygen that surpasses stoichiometric point will weaken the process meaned in formula 1, so that there is the more reduction of poor efficiency in NOx gas.

And as shown in Figure 8, catalytic converter inlet pipe 830 is connected to the input part of catalytic converter 836.Catalytic converter 836 can comprise the high flow capacity catalytic converter, and the high flow capacity catalytic converter produces minimum back pressure or do not produce back pressure the Exhaust Gas from gas exhaust manifold 816 discharges.All embodiments that the high flow capacity catalytic converter can disclose for this paper.Oxygen sensor 832 can contribute to form the gaseous mixture with stoichiometric proportion, so that catalytic converter operates in the stoichiometry mode.The oxygen level of oxygen sensor 832 sensing gaseous mixtures 872.The oxygen sensor signal 838 that oxygen sensor 832 produces is applied to controller 850.Controller 850 calculates suitable oxygen level and reaches the stoichiometric proportion of the gaseous mixture 872 of stoichiometric point with generation.Controller 850 produces controller mixing valve signal 844 subsequently, controls mixing valve 842 to be adjusted in pressurized air 870 amounts of mixing with Exhaust Gas in mixing chamber 814 to form the stoichiometric proportion of these gases.

Then, catalytic converter can be carried out the above represented chemical reaction of formula 1-3.Therefore, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon are oxidized in catalytic converter 836, and NOx gas also is reduced simultaneously, and this is because the air/fuel mixture of stoichiometric proportion offers catalytic converter 836.In addition, data-signal 880 can offer the data from vehicle computer controller 850.Vehicle computer is controlled the air/fuel ratio of the mixture that enters engine chamber.When the air/fuel mixture of non-stoichiometric is sent to motor, vehicle computer is learnt the ratio of this air/fuel.Data-signal 880 comprises with air/fuel and compares data than relevant air/fuel.Controller 850 can predict the process opened or closed that starts to control by controller mixing valve signal 844 mixing valve 842 from the variation of the air/fuel ratio of the Exhaust Gas of gas exhaust manifold discharge.For example, if the throttle valve on vehicle is opened, vehicle computer produces the control signal of control air/fuel ratio to control throttle valve.Control signal also is administered on controller 850 as data-signal 880.Controller 850 calculates new air/fuel ratio and produces controller mixing valve signal 844 so that mixing valve 842 predetermined amounts open more pressurized air 870 to be added to catalytic converter inlet pipe 830, thereby improves the oxygen content of gaseous mixture 872.Oxygen sensor 832 produces the O that is administered to controller 850 ₂Sensor signal 838, for confirming to exist at the input part place of catalytic converter 836 gaseous mixture 872 of suitable oxygen level.Along with air/fuel, than changing, controller 850 can be in response to data-signal 880, and continues to regulate mixing valve 842.Controller 850 is known or can be calculated the delay between the rich fuel mixture ratio existed the Exhaust Gas that the throttle valve that produces rich fuel mixture is opened and discharge from gas exhaust manifold 816.Pressurized air 870 for setting pressure, controller 850 also calculates opening of mixing valve 842 and pressurized air is fed to the delay between catalytic converter inlet pipe 830, thereby can carry out timing to opening of mixing valve 842, make extra oxygen and the rich fuel mixture of gas exhaust manifold 816 discharge from pressurized gas almost side by side arrive catalytic converter inlet pipe 830.Catalytic converter 836 in this way, stoichiometric proportion can be administered to catalytic converter 836 continuously, so that can operate and significantly reduce pollutant according to formula 1-3 in the stoichiometry mode.Catalytic converter 836 can also operate in the non-stoichiometry mode, as described below.

And as shown in Figure 8, temperature transducer 834 detects the temperature of gaseous mixture 874 after the conversion of leaving catalytic converter 836.After transforming, gaseous mixture 874 flows into catalytic converter output pipeline 840 and is directed to turbo machine 804 to drive turbo machine 804.Then, discharge and transform rear gaseous mixture 874 at outlet pipe 810 places.Controller 850 receives O ₂Sensor signal 838 and temperature of gas mixture signal 846, O ₂Sensor signal 838 means to be administered to the amount of oxygen in the gaseous mixture 872 of catalytic converter, the temperature of gaseous mixture 874 conversion that temperature of gas mixture signal 846 means to flow out from catalytic converter 836.Controller 850 is in response to engine speed signal 852, engine loading signal 854, O ₂Sensor signal 838 and temperature of gas mixture signal 846 produce controller mixing valve signal 844, to control the operation of mixing valve 842.For example, the pressurized air 870 that flows through mixing valve 842 from pipeline 860 can be used for the cooling gaseous mixture 872 that enters catalytic converter 836, and is provided for the rich fuel mixture of oxidation and does not produce the extra oxygen of stoichiometric proportion.For example, O ₂But sensor 832 indicating controllers 850, need extra oxygen to carry out the rich fuel mixture of oxidation, thereby make catalytic converter 836 reach the stoichiometric operation level.Then, temperature transducer 834 can be indicated, and may need additional compressed air to carry out the cooling gas from catalytic converter 836 discharges, so that turbo machine 804 is not impaired.Controller 850 can operate mixing valve 842 and be supplied to catalytic converter input pipeline 830 with the gas that enters of guaranteeing enough supplys, so that catalytic converter 836 can be in the situation that exist rich fuel mixture to operate in the stoichiometry mode, and if need, provide additional cooled gas, so that after transforming, gaseous mixture 874 is no more than the temperature that can damage turbo machine 804.In this case, additional compressed air 870 will make gaseous mixture 872 not meet stoichiometric proportion, but can Exhaust Gas after transforming is cooling to prevent that turbo machine 804 is caused to damage.

Fig. 9 is another embodiment's of the super turbocharged engine system 900 of efficient spark ignition schematic diagram.Engine system comprises motor 902, turbo machine 904, compressor 906 and transmission device 908.Transmission device 908 is transferring power between turbine/compressor axle (not shown) and continuously variable transmission device 924.Also transferring power between continuously variable transmission device 924 and axle 926, rotating band 928, drive pulley 930 and bent axle 974.About connecting with bent axle 974 from the rotation of transmission device 908, CVT control signal 952 makes continuously variable transmission device 924 operate with suitable rotating speed.Alternatively, continuously variable transmission device 924 can be connected with motor generator, as above disclosed.In addition, can not that power coupling is arrived to bent axle 974, but power coupling be arrived to the propelling system of vehicle, such as vehicle transmission gear.

And as shown in Figure 9, compressor 906 is the air from suction tude 910 for compression, and pressurized air 996 is fed to pipeline 964.Pressure transducer 966 produces the pressurized air suction pressure signal 954 that is fed to controller 956.Pipeline 964 is fed to interstage cooler 970 by pressurized air 996, interstage cooler 970 cooled compressed air 996.Then, cooled compressed air 992 is supplied to compressed air line 968, and compressed air line 968 connects with the intake manifold (not shown) of motor 902.Cooled compressed air 992 at the carry-out part place of interstage cooler 970 also is fed to interstage cooler pipeline 934.Controller 956 generations are applied to the interstage cooler valve signal 950 of interstage cooler valve 962 to control the operation of interstage cooler valve 962.When middle cooler valve 962 is opened, cooled compressed air 992 is fed to mixing chamber 916 via interstage cooler pipeline 934.Opening 914 allow cooled compressed air 992 enter catalytic converter output pipeline 922 with cooling from the conversion of catalytic converter 944 discharges gaseous mixture 990.Temperature transducer 932 detects the temperature of cooling rear gaseous mixture 994 and the temperature of gas mixture signal 948 that generation is applied to controller 956.If the excess Temperature of the cooling rear gaseous mixture 994 that enters turbo machine 904 as indicated as temperature of gas mixture signal 948, utilize interstage cooler valve signal 950 to control interstage cooler valve 962 and open additional amount, thus the further cooling cooling rear gaseous mixture 994 that enters turbo machine 904.

And as shown in Figure 9, mixing valve 972 operates so that pressurized air 996 is fed to mixing duct 920 in response to mixing valve signal 946.Mixing duct 920 connects to be fed to catalytic converter inlet pipe 940 from the pressurized air 986 of mixing duct 920 with mixing chamber 978.Pressurized air 986 in mixing duct 920 forms the pressurized air that comprises oxygen usually.Because cooling-air is fed in Exhaust Gas after the conversion of catalytic converter 944 discharge by interstage cooler pipeline 936 via mixing chamber 916, so be fed to the pressurized air 986 of catalytic converter inlet pipe 940, do not need oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and do not need to provide cooled gas cooling rear gaseous mixture 988.In other words, transform whole cooling can realizations by cooled compressed air 992 of rear gaseous mixture 990.In this way, the pressurized air 986 provided via mixing duct 920 can be only for form the purpose of the gas of stoichiometric proportion in catalytic converter inlet pipe 940.With to the similar mode of disclosed mode for Fig. 8 above, the data-signal 982 that utilizes controller 956 to receive from vehicle computer, data-signal 982 means to be administered to the ratio of air/fuel mixture of the firing chamber of motor 902.Data-signal 982 is used for utilizing mixing valve signal 946 to control opening of mixing valve 972 by controller 956.Mixing valve signal 946 is opened mixing valve 972 to allow enough pressurized air 996 to enter mixing duct 920, in the mode of describing with reference to figure 8, mixing duct 920 is inserted into via mixing chamber 978 and opening 980 gas that is administered to the stoichiometric proportion of catalytic converter 944 in catalytic converter inlet pipe 940 with generation.O ₂Sensor 942 is confirmed the oxygen level of gaseous mixture 988 and is produced O ₂Sensor signal 976, O ₂Sensor signal 976 is administered to controller 956 to guarantee to have reached the expectation oxygen level in gaseous mixture 988, to form stoichiometric proportion in gaseous mixture 988.Mixing valve 972 can operate in a continuous manner in response to mixing valve signal 946, thereby forms continuously stoichiometric proportion for the various serviceability of vehicle in gaseous mixture 988.

Alternatively, mixing valve 972 can be in response to O ₂Sensor signal 976 operations, thus only guarantee that sufficient oxygen is supplied to gaseous mixture 988 with oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide, and do not form the gaseous mixture 988 of the stoichiometric proportion that is applied to catalytic converter 944.In this case, with respect to formula 1, formula 2 and 3 is promoted.Therefore, catalytic converter 944 does not play the effect of reducing NOx gas.For example, O ₂Sensor 942 can produce the O that is applied to controller 956 ₂Sensor signal 976 means to be applied to the oxygen level of the gaseous mixture 988 of catalytic converter 944.In response to O ₂Sensor signal 976, controller 956 produces the oxygen level in mixing valve signals 946 are applied to catalytic converter 944 gaseous mixture 988 with control.In this way, can amount supplied outer oxygen to be to guarantee abundant oxidizing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon, and do not consider the reduction of NOx gas.Then, gas after the conversion at the carry-out part place of catalytic converter 944 is transported to catalytic converter output pipeline 922, in catalytic converter output pipeline 922, these gases is mixed with the cooled compressed air 996 from interstage cooler pipeline 934.Cooling rear gaseous mixture 994 is directed into the input part of turbo machine 904, and turbo machine 904 is driven by cooling rear gaseous mixture 994, and via outlet pipe 912 exhausts.

As further illustrated in Fig. 9, pressurized air suction pressure signal 954 is applied to controller 956.Controller 956 judges whether to form the possible state that springs up by pressurized air suction pressure signal 954, engine speed signal 958 and engine loading signal 960.If possible, can open mixing valve 972 or interstage cooler valve 962 to avoid springing up state.Preferably open interstage cooler valve 962, interstage cooler valve 962 only adds additional cooled gas to Exhaust Gas after the conversion of leaving catalytic converter 944, and do not open mixing valve 972, this is because non-stoichiometric appears in the gas that can cause in catalytic converter inlet pipe 940 of opening of mixing valve 972.

Figure 10 is another embodiment of the super turbocharged engine system 1000 of efficient spark ignition.Motor 1002 cooperates with the super turbosupercharger that comprises turbo machine 1004 and compressor 1006.The pressurized air that compressor 1006 compression is applied to pipeline 1066 from air and the generation of suction tude 1010.Pressure transducer 1068 is arranged in pipeline 1066 with the pressure that detects pressurized air 1026 and the pressurized air suction pressure signal 1056 that generation is applied to controller 1058.Controller 1058 reads pressurized air suction pressure signal 1056, engine speed signal 1060 and engine loading signal 1062 to judge whether the forming state of springing up.In this case, mixing valve 1074 or interstage cooler valve 1064 can be respectively in response to mixing valve control signal 1048 or interstage cooler valve control signal 1052 and open.

In some respects, Figure 10 and Fig. 9 are similar to be, cooled compressed air 1008 can via interstage cooler valve 1064 be applied to mixing chamber 1016 and flow through opening 1014 with the conversion in cooling catalytic converter output pipeline 1020 after gaseous mixture 1018, thereby generate to drive the cooling rear gaseous mixture 1040 of turbo machine 1004.Yet main cooling source is from the pressurized air 1026 in compressed air line 1022.Temperature transducer 1076 produces temperature of gas mixture signals 1050, and temperature of gas mixture signal 1050 means to be positioned at the temperature of gaseous mixture 1018 after the conversion in mixing chamber 1016 downstreams.If the temperature of gaseous mixture 1018 starts to raise towards the maximum temperature such as 950 ℃ after the input part place of turbo machine 1004 transforms, the mixing valve control signal 1048 generated in response to controller 1058 and open mixing valve 1074.If mixing valve 1074 is opened fully and after the conversion at the input part place of turbo machine 1004 temperature of gaseous mixture 1018 continue to raise, the interstage cooler control valve control signal 1052 that can produce in response to controller 1058 and open interstage cooler valve 1064.In this case, mixing valve 1074 can cut out or part is closed, thereby may need to be present in the cooled compressed air from interstage cooler 1,072 1008 in interstage cooler pipeline 1030 with gaseous mixture 1018 after cooling conversion fully.Because cooled compressed air 1008 is colder than compression air 1026, so cooled compressed air 1008 is gaseous mixture 1018 after cooling conversion fully, or may need the combination of cooled compressed air 1008 and pressurized air 1026 to carry out gaseous mixture 1018 after cooling conversion fully.If detecting gas temperature signal 1050, controller 1058 continues to raise, even cooled compressed air 1008 and pressurized air 1026 are administered to the rear gaseous mixture 1018 of conversion, controller 1058 also can produce CVT control signal 1054, this will make compressor 1006 operate at a relatively high speed, to form more pressurized air 1026 and cooled compressed air 1008.In this respect, pressure transducer 1068 forms the pressurized air suction pressure signal 1056 that means the pressure in pipeline 1066, further to judge in pipeline 1066, whether has enough pressurized air.Pressure transducer in pressure transducer 1068 and other embodiment also offers controller, and for example controller 1058, to avoid springing up state, as above be described in more detail.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 10, pressurized air (such as pressurized air 1026) is not administered to the input part of catalytic converter 1044.Therefore, motor 1002 can recently operate according to stoichiometric air/fuel ratio or non-stoichiometry air/fuel.Under any circumstance, catalytic converter 1044 can utilize the Exhaust Gas with stoichiometric proportion or non-stoichiometric to operate.In either case, catalytic converter 1044 will attempt to carry out the reaction of formula 1-3 to reduce the pollutant in outlet pipe 1012.

Figure 11 is another embodiment of the super turbosupercharged engine 1100 of efficient spark ignition.Super turbocharged engine system 1100 comprises motor 1102, and motor 1102 has super turbosupercharger, and this super turbosupercharger comprises turbo machine 1104 and compressor 1106.Variable speed drive 1132 is connected to compressor 1130, and compressor 1130 compressions are from the gas that enters of cooled gas suction tude 1128.Enter gas and generally include air, but can comprise all other gas as described above.Variable speed drive 1132 operates in response to the transmission device control signal 1152 of controller 1158 generations.Variable speed drive 1132 make compressor 1130 rotate to form to transform rear gaseous mixture 1114 carry out cooling and by the oxidizing hydrocarbon in gaseous mixture 1112 required pressurized air 1008 amounts.Mixing valve 1074 is controlled pressurized air 1108 amounts that are fed to mixing chamber 1118.Opening 1116 allows pressurized air 1108 to enter catalytic converter inlet pipe 1140 to generate gaseous mixture 1112 by opening 1116.Gaseous mixture 1112 comprises from the Exhaust Gas of gas exhaust manifold 1124 and pressurized air 1108.Pressurized air 1108 also is fed to mixing chamber 1122.Opening 1120 allows pressurized air 1108 to flow into catalytic converter output pipeline 1150 and mixes with gaseous mixture 1114 after conversion.Pressurized air 1108 amounts that optional valve 1134 can be included and is fed in mixing chamber 1122 to control in response to control valve signal 1137.

According to the embodiment of Figure 11, control by pressurized air 1108 amounts of mixing valve 1126 supplies and take and generate air/fuel than the gaseous mixture 1112 as stoichiometric proportion.According to an optional embodiment, the fuel ratio signal 1136 from vehicle computer can be sent to controller 1158, fuel ratio signal 1136 means to be administered to the air/fuel ratio of mixture of the firing chamber of motor 1102.Fuel ratio signal 1136 is received by controller 1158, and controller 1158 calculates and forms the required oxygen of gaseous mixture 1112 with stoichiometric proportion.Controller 1158 produces mixing valve signal 1144 in response to fuel ratio signal 1136.Mixing valve signal 1144 is administered to mixing valve 1126, so that the pressurized air 1108 of appropriate amount is placed in catalytic converter inlet pipe 1140, has the gaseous mixture 1112 of stoichiometric proportion with formation.O ₂Sensor 1142 detects oxygen content and produces O ₂Sensor signal 1148, O ₂Thereby sensor signal 1148 is administered to controller 1158 and is placed in catalytic converter inlet pipe 1140 formation stoichiometric air/fuel ratios with the oxygen of guaranteeing appropriate amount.Then, 1146 pairs of gaseous mixtures of catalytic converter 1112 transform to form in catalytic converter output pipeline 1150 and transform rear gaseous mixture 1114.Pressurized air 1108 is administered in mixing chamber 1122 subsequently.Pressurized air 1108 flows through opening 1120 and forms cooling rear gaseous mixture 1160 with the conversion valve control signal that gaseous mixture 1114 mixes to be produced in response to controller 1158 afterwards.Optional valve 1134 can be set and control the cooling air volume that is placed in mixing chamber 1122.Yet transmission device control signal 1152 can operate variable speed drive 1132 and control pressurized air 1108 amounts that are placed in mixing chamber 1122, thereby does not need valve 1134.Can utilize the valve control signal (not shown) to carry out control valve 1134 by controller 1158.Temperature transducer 1168 detects the temperature of cooling rear gaseous mixture 1160 and produces gaseous mixture temperature signal 1154.Controller 1158 is monitored the temperature of cooling rear gaseous mixture 1160 and utilizes transmission device control signal 1152 to control the operation of variable speed drive 1132, be placed in pressurized air 1108 amounts of catalytic converter output pipeline 1150 with control, thereby guarantee that cooling rear gaseous mixture 1160 is no more than the temperature that can damage turbo machine 1104.Alternately, can also utilize controller 1158 to control optional valve 1134 and be placed in pressurized air 1108 amounts of catalytic converter output pipeline 1150 with control.Then, cooling rear gaseous mixture 1160 is placed in to turbo machine 1104.Turbo machine 1104 is driven by cooling rear gaseous mixture 1160, and then drive compression machine 1106.

Figure 12 shows another embodiment of the super turbocharged engine system 1200 of efficient spark ignition.Super turbocharged engine system 1200 comprises motor 1202.Motor 1202 is attached to super turbosupercharger, and super turbosupercharger comprises turbo machine 1210 and compressor 1204.Compressor 1204 compressions enter air to produce pressurized air 1248 in pipeline 1228 by suction tude 1208 supplies.Interstage cooler 1232 cooled compressed air 1248 and produce the cooled compressed air 1250 in the intake manifold be administered to motor 1202 in compressed air line 1230.

And, as shown in figure 12, from the Exhaust Gas 1242 of gas exhaust manifold 1234, be placed in catalytic converter inlet pipe 1220.1222 pairs of Exhaust Gas 1242 of catalytic converter are transformed to produce in catalytic converter output pipeline 1224 transforms rear Exhaust Gas 1244.Feedback valve 1226 is arranged in pipeline 1228.Pipeline 1228 is connected to catalytic converter output pipeline 1224.When feedback valve 1226 is opened in response to control signal, Exhaust Gas 1244 mixes from the cooling-air 1246 of pipeline 1228 and after transforming.After duct length 1240 is enough to allow to transform, Exhaust Gas 1244 and cooling-air 1246 mix basically, thereby before in cooling rear gaseous mixture 1212 enters turbo machine 1210, with cooling rear gaseous mixture 1212, mix and it is cooling.Motor 1202 can operate than (such as rich fuel ratio) with stoichiometric air/fuel ratio or non-stoichiometry air/fuel.When motor 1202 during with stoichiometric air/fuel ratio operation, the chemical reaction that catalytic converter 1222 is carried out formula 1-3 with reduce significantly pollutant and transform after Exhaust Gas 1244.When the non-stoichiometric that uses such as rich fuel ratio, catalytic converter 1222 is so ineffective, because the hydrocarbon in Exhaust Gas and carbon monoxide do not have catalyzed converter 1222 complete oxidations.Yet cooling-air 1246 makes to transform the temperature of rear Exhaust Gas 1244 before entering turbo machine 1210 to be reduced.In this respect, during the throttle valve open mode, use rich fuel mixture in motor 1202 for the vehicle that motor 1202 is installed.This has formed hydrocarbon and the carbon monoxide of higher level in the Exhaust Gas 1242 transformed by catalytic converter 1222.Cooling-air 1246 guarantees that the temperature of cooling rear gaseous mixture 1212 is no more than meeting and causes the temperature of damage to turbo machine 1210.

Figure 13 is another embodiment's of the super turbocharged engine system 1300 of efficient spark ignition schematic diagram.Super turbocharged engine system 1300 comprises the motor 1302 with super turbosupercharger, and super turbosupercharger comprises turbo machine 1304 and compressor 1306.Compressor 1306 compression from the air of suction tude 1310 to produce pressurized air 1320 in pipeline 1350.Pressurized air 1320 flows through interstage cooler 1352, and interstage cooler 1352 cooled compressed air to form cooled compressed air 1338 in compressed air line 1354.Cooled compressed air 1338 in compressed air line 1354 is administered to the intake manifold (not shown) of motor 1302.Exhaust Gas 1316 is emitted by gas exhaust manifold 1362 and flows through pipeline 1330.Feedback valve 1336 allows pressurized air 1320 to flow to mixing chamber 1360.Opening 1358 allows pressurized air 1320 to flow into catalytic converter output pipeline 1364.Temperature transducer 1366 produces the temperature of gas mixture signal 1332 that is administered to controller 1346.Controller 1346 produces the controller feedback valve signal 1334 that is administered to feedback valve 1336, to control the temperature of the cooling rear gaseous mixture 1314 detected by temperature transducer 1366.The temperature of cooling rear gaseous mixture 1314 is maintained at and can damages below the maximum temperature of turbo machine 1304.

Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of the super turbocharged engine system 1400 of efficient spark ignition.Super turbocharged engine system 1400 comprises the motor 1402 that is equipped with super turbosupercharger.Super turbosupercharger comprises turbo machine 1404 and compressor 1406.What compressor 1406 compressions were provided by suction tude 1410 enters air so that pressurized air 1484 to be provided in pipeline 1462.Interstage cooler 1466 cooled compressed air 1484 to form cooled compressed air 1486 in compressed air line 1464.Cooled compressed air 1486 is administered to the intake manifold (not shown) of motor 1402.

And as shown in figure 14, variable speed drive or motor 1426 operate under the control of the compressor power control signal 1450 produced by controller 1456.Utilize power source 1424 operation variable speed drive or motor 1426.Power source 1424 can be the power supply of operating motor 1426 or the mechanical power source of operation variable speed drive 1426.Compressor 1428 is attached to variable speed drive or motor 1426 and generation compression cooled gas 1432.The γ-ray emission compression cooled gas 1432 of compressor 1428 from providing in cooled gas suction tude 1430.Usually, cooled gas consists of fresh air, but can comprise any other gas mentioned above.The compression cooled gas is fed to mixing chamber 1416.Mixing chamber 1416 has opening 1414, and opening 1414 allows compression cooled gas 1432 to flow into catalytic converter inlet pipe 1440, and mixes with the Exhaust Gas from gas exhaust manifold 1422, to generate gaseous mixture 1434.In addition, compression cooled gas 1432 is supplied to mixing chamber 1420.Mixing chamber 1420 has the opening 1418 that is arranged in catalytic converter output pipeline 1448, and after allowing to transform, gaseous mixture 1480 flows in catalytic converter output pipeline 1448 to generate cooling rear gaseous mixture 1482.Cooling rear gaseous mixture is fed to turbo machine 1404, to drive turbo machine 1404, and discharges from exhaust outlet 1412.If motor 1402 is being done rich operation, compressor 1428 can provide the extra oxygen that is compression cooled gas 1432 forms, and extra oxygen is administered to mixing chamber 1416 to form the stoichiometric proportion of gaseous mixture 1434.The operation of variable speed drive or motor 1426 is provided by the compressor power control signal 1450 in response to being provided by controller 1456, can in catalytic converter inlet pipe 1440, be generated the stoichiometric proportion of gaseous mixture 1434.Controller 1456 utilizes compressor power control signal 1450 to control variable speed drive or motor 1426 is fed to catalytic converter inlet pipe 1440 with the compression cooled gas 1432 by more or less.And, oxygen level and generation O in oxygen sensor 1442 monitoring catalytic converter inlet pipes 1440 ₂Sensor signal 1446, O ₂Sensor signal 1446 provides for controller 1456 signal that means the oxygen level of existence in catalytic converter inlet pipe 1440.By using O ₂Sensor signal 1446 is controlled variable speed drive or the operation of motor and then compression cooled gas 1432 amounts that control is fed to mixing chamber 1416, and controller 1456 can also be controlled the oxygen level in catalytic converter inlet pipe 1440.Alternatively, can be from vehicle computer supplies data signals 1408, this data-signal means to be administered to the air/fuel ratio of gaseous mixture of the firing chamber of motor 1402.Then, controller 1456 produces compressor power control signal 1450 in response to data-signal 1408.Temperature transducer 1468 produces the temperature of gas mixture signal 1452 that also is administered to controller 1456.And, can utilize controller 1456 to regulate variable speed drive or motor 1426, controller 1456 produces compressor power control signal 1450 and is no more than and can causes to turbo machine 1404 maximum temperature of damage with the temperature of guaranteeing cooling rear gaseous mixture 1482 in response to temperature of gas mixture signal 1452.

Figure 15 A shows another embodiment of the super turbocharged engine system 1500 of efficient spark ignition.Super turbocharged engine system 1500 comprises the motor 1502 that is equipped with super turbosupercharger.Super turbosupercharger comprises turbo machine 1504 and compressor 1506.Compressor 1506 compressions enter air to form pressurized air 1548 in pipeline 1514 from suction tude 1510.Interstage cooler 1518 cooled compressed air 1548 to form cooled compressed air 1550 in compressed air line 1516, and cooled compressed air 1550 is applied in the intake manifold (not shown) of motor 1502.

And, as shown in Figure 15 A, variable speed drive or motor 1550 operate in response to the compressor power control signal 1519 produced by controller 1527.Compressor 1526 is attached to variable speed drive or motor 1520 and the compression cooled gas by 1528 supplies of cooled gas suction tude.Cooled gas can comprise fresh air or above-mentioned other gas.The pressurized gas 1522 produced by compressor 1526 is supplied to pipeline 1562.Pressurized gas is directed to equilibrium valve 1560 via pipeline 1562.Equilibrium valve operates in response to the equilibrium valve signal 1592 produced by controller 1527.Pressurized gas 1522 is administered to mixing chamber 1578 and flows into NOx converter inlet pipe 1588 to form gaseous mixture 1524 via opening 1580.Gaseous mixture 1524 is pressurized gas 1522 and from the mixture of the Exhaust Gas of gas exhaust manifold 1576.O ₂The oxygen level of sensor 1590 monitoring gaseous mixtures 1524 and the O that generation is administered to controller 1527 ₂Sensor signal 1596.The operation that controller 1527 utilizes equilibrium valve signal 1592 to control equilibrium valve 1560 is fed to NOx converter inlet pipe 1588 with the pressurized gas 1522 by more or less.NOx converter 1594 plays the effect that carrys out reducing NOx gas according to above-mentioned formula 1.The effect that hydrocarbon after hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 plays NOx to leaving NOx converter 1594 and transforms in gaseous mixture 1541 and carbon monoxide carry out oxidation.In other words, reduce pollutant with two stages.1594 pairs of NOx gases of NOx converter are transformed.After subsequently NOx being transformed, gaseous mixture 1541 is administered in hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572, hydrocarbon and Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide after hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 transforms NOx in gaseous mixture 1541.According to formula 1, be understood that NOx gas is reduced when fuel ratio is richness.According to above-mentioned formula 2 and 3, extra oxygen allows hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide fully.If motor 1502 burnings are rich in mixture, for example mixture is rich more than 30%, and the Exhaust Gas from gas exhaust manifold 1576 may extremely be rich in hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide.All hydrocarbons in hydrocarbon combustion thing/carbon monoxide converter 1572 and carbon monoxide may cause hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 overheated.In this respect, can be via equilibrium valve 1560 from pressurized gas 1522 supply oxygens with some hydrocarbons Burner for conversion process 1594, converter 1594 can comprise can oxidation of hydrocarbons and the three-way catalytic converter of carbon monoxide.In this way, the hydrocarbon existed in gaseous mixture 1541 after NOx transforms and carbon monoxide reduce slightly so that hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 needn't all hydrocarbon and the carbon monoxide of oxidation, and therefore can avoid overheated.O ₂Sensor 1590 is by O ₂Sensor signal 1596 offers controller 1527 and transforms the oxygen interpolation of carrying out in rear inlet pipe 1588 with monitoring by pressurized gas 1522 to NOx.

And, as shown in Figure 15 A, pipeline 1562 is connected to pipeline 1582, when valve 1584 is opened, pipeline 1582 is fed to mixing chamber 1570 by pressurized gas 1522.Pressurized gas 1522 flows through opening 1574 to form gaseous mixture 1543.Valve 1584 operates in response to the control valve signal 1537 produced by controller 1527.O ₂The O that oxygen level after sensor 1586 monitoring NOx transform in gaseous mixture 1541 and generation are administered to controller 1527 ₂Sensor signal 1525.Controller 1527 utilizes control valve signal 1537 to open valve 1584 and transforms in rear gaseous mixture 1541, to guarantee existing sufficient oxygen with all hydrocarbons and the carbon monoxide of burning fully in the gaseous mixture 1543 that enters hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 to add pressurized gas 1522 to NOx via opening 1574.Because NOx gas is converted in NOx converter 1594, so without in gaseous mixture 1543, forming stoichiometric proportion.The temperature of gaseous mixture 1545 after the oxidation of hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 and the gaseous mixture temperature signal 1521 that generation is administered to controller 1527 are left in temperature transducer 1533 monitoring.Controller 1527 utilizes temperature of gas mixture signal 1521 to produce control valve signal 1535, and control valve signal 1535 is controlled the operation that is arranged in the valve 1566 in pipeline 1564.Valve 1566 allows pressurized gass 1522 to flow into mixing chambers 1568 and gaseous mixture 1545 by opening 1575 and after thereby gaseous mixture after oxidation 1545 mixes cooling oxidation.Then, cooling rear gaseous mixture 1547 is administered to turbo machine 1504.The operation of valve 1566 guarantees that cooling rear gaseous mixture 1547 is no more than the temperature that can damage turbo machine 1504.

The advantage of the super turbocharged engine system 1500 shown in Figure 15 A is, can allow the rich operation of motor and can not cause any additional pollution.By allowing the rich operation of motor 1502, the liquid fuel in motor contributes to the cooled engine inner member, and this has improved the life-span of motor 1502.And NOx converter 1594 utilizes rich fuel mixture to be operated more efficiently.In addition, rich fuel mixture in hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 by complete oxidation so that do not have hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in outlet pipe 1512.In addition, rich operation motor is because being wasted fuel and usually being regarded as than poor efficiency in outlet pipe.Yet, by by 1545 operating turbines 1504 of gaseous mixture after oxidation, reclaim at least in part the heat that the oxidation by the hydrocarbon in hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 and carbon monoxide produces.This additional heat produced in gaseous mixture 1545 after oxidation drives turbo machine 1504 to allow to retrieve from the mode of most of energy of rich fuel mixture.Operating valve 1566 so that the temperature of cooling rear gaseous mixture 1547 in the scope of 900 ℃-950 ℃, this scope just causes below the temperature of damage turbine 1504 in meeting.In addition, when being operated based on rich fuel mixture, motor 1502 produces additional horsepower, and this also will improve the efficiency of super turbocharged engine system 1500.Therefore, super turbocharged engine system 1500 shown in Figure 15 A has improved the shaft horsepower of motor 1502, does not form any pollutant and can reclaim otherwise may become the heat of the used heat in cooling rear gaseous mixture 1597 so that turbo machine 1504 operations.In addition, more efficient because rich fuel mixture plays effect and the NOx converter 1594 of cooled engine parts, so the engine interior parts of motor 1502 are operated coldlyer.

In order further to simplify the operation of engine system 1500, can exempt pressurized gas 1522 is added in NOx converter inlet pipe 1588.Adding pressurized gas 1522 to partly cause in gaseous mixture 1524 is because the rich fuel mixture partly in oxidation of NOx converter 1594, and NOx converter 1594 can be used as the ternary converter, and not only as the NOx converter.As mentioned above, partly the reason of the rich fuel mixture of oxidation be for prevent hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 due to NOx transform after a large amount of hydrocarbon in gaseous mixture 1541 and carbon monoxide and overheated.Yet the NOx that the pressurized gas of additional amount 1522 can be added in NOx converter output pipeline 1598 transforms in rear gaseous mixture 1541, this amount has surpassed complete oxidation hydrocarbon and the required amount of carbon monoxide.In other words, the pressurized gas of additional amount 1522 can be placed in to NOx converter output pipeline 1598, thereby all hydrocarbons and the carbon monoxide in oxidation of hydrocarbons/carbon monoxide converter 1572 not only, and provide cooled gas to reduce the operating temperature of hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572.In this way, the pressurized gas 1522 that mixing chamber 1570 is supplied can be by the amount supply that prevents that hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 is overheated.Temperature of gas mixture signal 1521 is fed to controller 1527 by the temperature data at the carry-out part place of hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572, so that controller 1527 can utilize control valve signal 1537 to carry out operating valve 1584, thereby prevent that hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 is overheated, still keep being suitable for making the operating temperature of hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 operations simultaneously.In this way, can remove equilibrium valve 1560.

Figure 15 B is the schematic diagram of modified example of the super turbocharged engine system 1500 of efficient spark ignition of Figure 15 A.As shown in Figure 15 B, use single pipeline 1582 supply pressurized air 1522, with the dual purpose for oxygen is offered to hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 and cooled gas is provided.With Figure 15 A, compare, mixing chamber 1578, equilibrium valve 1560, pipeline 1564, valve 1566 and mixing chamber 1568 are removed.Pipeline 1582 and valve 1584 can be supplied hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 NOx is transformed to existing all hydrocarbons and the required oxygen of carbon monoxide complete oxidation in rear gaseous mixture 1541.In addition, after additional compressed air 1522 can being added to NOx and transforming in gaseous mixture 1541 with gaseous mixture 1545 after cooling oxidation, thereby the temperature of gaseous mixture after oxidation 1545 is remained on and can cause below the maximum temperature of damage turbo machine 1504.Temperature transducer 1533 produces temperature of gas mixture signal 1521, and this signal 1521 is sent to controller 1527.Controller can only be monitored the temperature of gaseous mixture 1545 after oxidation and be utilized control valve signal 1537 to come control valve 1584 to be supplied to NOx converter output pipeline 1598 to guarantee enough pressurized gass 1522, thereby the temperature of gaseous mixture after oxidation 1545 is remained on and can cause below the temperature of damage turbo machine 1504.Yet after enough oxygen supplies must being transformed to NOx, gaseous mixture 1541 is to guarantee oxidized all hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572.For example, during cold start, the rear gaseous mixture 1541 of NOx conversion is relatively cold and do not need additional compression gas 1522 cooling.Yet, need additional compression gas 1522 to start and auxiliary hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 in catalyzer carry out the oxidizing process of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide.In this respect, O ₂The O of existing oxygen level in gaseous mixture 1541 after oxygen level after sensor 1586 monitoring NOx transform in gaseous mixture 1541 and generation expression NOx transform ₂Sensor signal 1525, O ₂Sensor signal 1525 is sent to controller 1527.If enter in the gaseous mixture 1543 in hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 need extra oxygen guarantee NOx transform after in gaseous mixture 1541 existing all hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide by complete oxidation, controller 1527 can open valve 1584 guarantee enough pressurized air 1522 be supplied to NOx and transform after output pipeline 1598 with complete oxidation hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide.

In addition, if the variable speed drive 1520 that controller 1527 utilizes compressor power control signal 1519 to control makes compressor 1526 operation with in response to O ₂Sensor signal 1525 and temperature of gas mixture signal 1521 are supplied the pressurized gas 1522 of aequum, and valve 1584 is unnecessary.Alternatively, compressor 1526 can operate so that can supply enough pressurized gass 1522 so that oxidation and cooling NOx transform rear gaseous mixture 1541 with constant speed, and without any control or only by control valve 1584.If system is not in the situation that have valve 1584 and operate, compressor 1526 is only supplied the pressurized gas 1522 of set amount, and this guarantees complete oxidation and enough pressurized gass 1522 of cooling gaseous mixture 1543 under all operations state.Unique shortcoming of this system is that the temperature of hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 operates in the time of may being lowered and being not so good as in hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1572 to operate under higher temperature like that efficiently.In addition, under many states, added air mass stream will reduce cooling rear gaseous mixture 1547 temperature so that the turbo machine 1504 that turbo machine 1504 is operated will cause the maximum temperature of damage to turbo machine 1504 not as approaching at cooling rear gaseous mixture 1547 time operate like that efficiently.Can also utilize the motor of being powered by the electrical system of super turbocharged engine system 1500 to carry out operate compressor 1526.Can also utilize controller 1527 to control motor 1520 and supply the pressurized gas 1522 of appropriate amount, thereby not need valve 1584.

Super turbocharged engine system 1500 shown in Figure 15 A and Figure 15 B and other embodiment's disclosed herein unique distinction be, their use such as pressurized gas 1522 gases such as compression such as grades as freezing mixture.Because the characteristic of pressurized gas is not especially special as freezing mixture, so pressurized gas is not regarded as effective freezing mixture usually.Liquid such as water or liquid fuel is regarded as effective freezing mixture usually.Yet the use of pressurized gas provides oxygen and for the cooling medium of heat of cooling Exhaust Gas.Although it is cooling to need a large amount of pressurized gass, associated mass stream is for making turbo machine 1504 with higher motivation level operation.In addition, the bent axle by additional power being transferred back to motor or the propelling of vehicle system, avoid turbo machine 1504 hypervelocities.

Figure 16 is another embodiment's of the super turbocharged engine system 1600 of efficient spark ignition schematic diagram.As shown in figure 16, super turbocharged engine system 1600 comprises motor, and motor has super turbosupercharger.Super turbosupercharger comprises turbo machine 1604 and compressor 1606.The air that compressor 1606 compressions are supplied by suction tude 1610 to generate pressurized air 1674 in pipeline 1616.Interstage cooler 1618 cooled compressed air to generate cooled compressed air 1622 in compressed air line 1620, and cooled compressed air 1622 is supplied to the intake manifold (not shown) of motor 1602.Feedback valve 1664 is installed in pipeline 1616 and by pressurized air 1674 and is fed to mixing chamber 1640.Opening 1638 allows pressurized air 1674 to flow into NOx converter output pipeline 1682 to mix with gaseous mixture 1632 after the NOx conversion.Exhaust Gas from gas exhaust manifold 1644 flows in the NOx converter in NOx converter inlet pipe 1646.After 1648 pairs of Exhaust Gas of NOx converter are transformed and transform with reducing NOx gas and by NOx, gaseous mixture 1632 is fed to NOx converter output pipeline 1682.Gaseous mixture 1630 flows into NOx converter 1648, and NOx converter 1648 transforms NOx gas.Then, NOx transforms in rear gaseous mixture 1632 inflow NOx converter output pipelines 1682.The oxygen level of gaseous mixture 1632 and the O that generation is sent to controller 1680 after oxygen sensor 1666 monitoring NOx transform ₂Sensor signal 1668.Controller 1680 produces controller mixing valve signal 1660 with operational feedback valve 1664, pressurized air 1674 is fed to NOx converter output pipeline 1682, with NOx, to transform rear gaseous mixture 1632, mixes.The pressurized air 1674 that is fed to NOx converter output pipeline 1682 via feedback valve 1664 provides oxygen and cooled gas, and mixes to form cooling rear gaseous mixture 1636 with gaseous mixture 1632 after the NOx conversion.Cooling rear gaseous mixture 1636 flows into hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1686, existing hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in the cooling rear gaseous mixture 1636 of hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1686 oxidation.Temperature transducer 1684 monitoring leave the hydrocarbon of hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1686/carbon monoxide and transform after the temperature of gaseous mixture 1634 and the gaseous mixture temperature signal 1662 that generation is supplied to controller 1680.As response, controller 1680 produces controller mixing valve signals 1660, and controller mixing valve signal 1660 is controlled feedback valves 1664 in order to approach can cause the temperature of damage to turbo machine 1604 time additional compressed air 1674 is fed to cooling rear gaseous mixture 1636 in the temperature of the gaseous mixture at the carry-out part place of hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1686.After hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide transforms, gaseous mixture 1634 is supplied to turbo machine 1604, to drive turbo machine 1604.Then, hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide being transformed to rear gaseous mixture 1634 discharges via outlet pipe 1612 from turbo machine 1604.O ₂Sensor 1666 also monitor NOx transform after oxygen level in gaseous mixture 1632 and the generation O that is fed to controller 1680 ₂Sensor signal 1668.Controller 1680 is also used O ₂Sensor signal 1668 utilizes controller mixing valve signal 1660 to control feedback valve 1664, thus the hydrocarbon and the carbon monoxide complete oxidation that after guaranteeing to exist sufficient oxygen that NOx is transformed in cooling rear gaseous mixture 1636, in gaseous mixture 1632, exist.Therefore, controller 1680 is guaranteed the sufficient oxygen of the hydrocarbon of hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1686 and carbon monoxide complete oxidation and cooling rear gaseous mixture 1636 is cooling so that turbo machine 1604 is not caused the sufficient cooled gas of damage to provide for controlling feedback valve 1664.In this way, after hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide transforms, gaseous mixture 1634 keeps not damaging the temperature of turbo machine 1604, and while all hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide of oxidation in hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1686.

Figure 16 also shows the optional pipeline 1642 with mixing valve 1624.Controller 1680 is by operating mixing valve 1624 with controller feedback valve signal 1670.As shown in figure 16, can be alternatively for mixing chamber 1628 provides pressurized air 1626 so that oxygen and cooling-air are added in gaseous mixture 1630, and do not provide or provide in addition the pressurized air 174 be added in mixing chamber 1640.The pressurized air 1626 that in this way, can add additional amount carries out cooling and oxidation with the hydrocarbon for to hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1686 and carbon monoxide.In this respect, pipeline 1642 only demonstrates for adding the selectable location of pressurized gas.Alternatively, NOx converter 1648 can comprise the ternary converter.In this case, a certain amount of oxygen of pressurized air 1626 supply, this permission is carried out oxidation to some hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in ternary converter 1648, thus all hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in needn't oxidation of hydrocarbons/carbon monoxide converter 1686.For example, if gaseous mixture 1630 is for being rich in fuel mixture, for example fuel mixture is rich more than 30%, must carry out oxidation to a large amount of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide.In this case, hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1686 is by overheated, and enough pressurized air 1674 can not provide enough cooling temperature by gaseous mixture 1634 after hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide conversion to be down to the temperature that prevents from damaging turbo machine 1604.In this case, the part of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide is oxidized so that whole oxidations needn't occur in hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1686 in ternary converter 1648.

Figure 17 is the schematic diagram of the super turbocharged engine system 1700 of efficient spark ignition.Super turbocharged engine system 1700 comprises motor 1702, and motor 1702 has super turbosupercharger.Super turbosupercharger comprises turbo machine 1704 and compressor 1706.Super turbocharged engine system 1700 is similar to the super turbocharged engine system 1600 of Figure 16, but has removed pipeline 1642, mixing valve 1624 and mixing chamber 1628.As shown in figure 17, the air that compressor 1706 is supplied from suction tude 1712 produces pressurized air 1766 sources.Pressurized air 1766 is supplied to pipeline 1778.Pressurized air 1766 flows through interstage cooler 1730, produces cooled compressed air 1764 in the compressed air line 1732 that interstage cooler 1730 cooled compressed air 1766 connect with the intake manifold (not shown) with motor 1702.The Exhaust Gas 1714 of discharging via gas exhaust manifold 1744 flows in NOx converter inlet pipe 1746.Then, Exhaust Gas 1714 flows into NOx converter 1748 from NOx converter inlet pipe 1746, and 1748 pairs of NOx gases of NOx converter are transformed to generate NOx in NOx converter output pipeline 1742 transforms rear Exhaust Gas 1716.Can allow motor 1702 to carry out the richness operation under throttle valve open mode and other rich serviceability, this allows NOx converter 1748 operation efficiently and allows motor 1702 to produce the NOx gas of small amount in the firing chamber of motor 1702.The O of existing amount of oxygen in Exhaust Gas 1716 after oxygen level after oxygen sensor 1750 monitoring NOx transform in Exhaust Gas 1716 and generation indication NOx transform ₂Sensor signal 1752, O ₂Sensor signal 1752 is fed to controller 1770.After enough oxygen supplies must being transformed to NOx, Exhaust Gas 1716 is to guarantee all hydrocarbon and the carbon monoxide of oxidation in hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1738.Controller 1770 produces controller feedback valve signal 1760, controls pressurized air 1766 amounts that are administered to mixing chamber 1736.Pressurized air 1766 flows through opening 1734 and transforms rear Exhaust Gas 1716 with NOx and mixes to form cooling rear gaseous mixture 1720.The temperature of temperature transducer 1740 monitoring gaseous mixture 1722 after the hydrocarbon at the carry-out part place of hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1738/carbon monoxide transforms and the temperature of gas mixture signal 1756 that generation is administered to controller 1770.Controller 1770 reads gaseous mixture temperature signal 1756 and utilizes controller feedback valve signal 1760 to control feedback valve 1758 to open and close feedback valve 1758, thereby after hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide is transformed, the temperature of gaseous mixture 1722 remains on the temperature that turbo machine 1704 is not caused damage.As noted, the temperature in the proper scope of 900 ℃ to 950 ℃ below the temperature that may cause to turbo machine 1704 damage allows turbo machine 1704 gaseous mixture 1722 from hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide transforms to extract in large quantities energy.After hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide transforms, gaseous mixture 1722 is supplied to turbo machine 1704 to drive turbo machine 1704.Then, via outlet pipe 1710 gaseous mixture 1722 from turbo machine 1704 is discharged hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide conversion.

Figure 18 is the embodiment's of two-way catalytic converter 1800 sectional view.As shown in figure 18, two-way catalytic converter 1800 has entrance 1802, for example, during gaseous mixture in the initial stage of the two-way catalytic converter 1800 that comprises NOx converter part 1804 (Exhaust Gas that comprises nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon) is placed in entrance 1802.Originally NOx converter 1804 reduces the NOx gas in the gaseous mixture that is administered to catalytic converter 1800.Utilize one in the compressor shown in each embodiment disclosed above fresh air is fed to valve 1814, valve 1814 is controlled the air quantity that is fed to pipeline 1812.Pipeline 1812 is connected to mixing chamber 1806, and after mixing chamber 1806 will transform from the NOx of NOx converter part 1804, gas mixes with fresh air.Fresh air contains enough oxygen so that hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide are oxidized in hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter part 1808.Make subsequently to transform rear gas from exporting 1810 outflows.

The advantage of the catalytic converter 1800 shown in Figure 18 is, the stoichiometric mixture of gas is provided needn't to entrance 1802.In fact, rich fuel gaseous mixture contributes to allow NOx converter part 1804 to operate more efficiently.Oxygen is added in mixing chamber 1806 to hydrocarbon and the almost completely oxidation of carbon monoxide allowed in hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1808.In this way, export after the conversion at 1810 places the pollutant in gas few.Because the heat produced when rich fuel mixture oxidation is normally expendable, so the mode that two-way catalytic converter 1800 is not placed in entrance 1802 with rich fuel mixture usually operates.Yet, the use of two-way catalytic converter 1800 allows again to be trapped in hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter 1808 heat produced, this be because hot Exhaust Gas be cooled to the near optimal temperature and again the mass flow in the turbo machine of capture thermal energy increased.In other words, two converters 1648,1686 shown in two converters 1748,1738 shown in two-way catalytic converter 1800, Figure 17 and Figure 16 allow effectively to reduce pollutant, and not reducing the efficiency of engine system, this is because again captured from the temperature of the rising of the Exhaust Gas that enters turbo machine and the mass flow of increase the heat produced.In addition, the ability that operates motor with rich fuel mixture allows the inner member of motor cooling by fuel, and this has improved the life-span of motor.And initial application allows the NOx converter more preferably to operate to the rich fuel mixture of NOx converter.The ability of extra oxygen rather than stoichiometric mixture being added to hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter allows abundant oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide, so that Exhaust Gas has than the three-way catalytic converter of standard pollutant still less.Certainly, can in the embodiment of Figure 15 A, Figure 15 B, Figure 16 and Figure 17, use two-way catalytic converter 1800.

The explanation of front of the present invention is provided for the purpose of explaining and illustrate.Be not intended to exhaustive or limit the invention to disclosed exact form, and can carry out other modification and modification according to above-mentioned instruction.Select and illustrate that these embodiments are in order to explain best principle of the present invention and practical application thereof, therefore making the others skilled in the art of the art to use best the present invention with the various embodiments that are applicable to the certain desired purposes and the mode of various modification.Its intention is appended claims is interpreted as, except comprising the content that prior art limits, also comprising other optional embodiment of the present invention.

Claims

1. a raising has the method for performance of the engine system of super turbosupercharger, and described engine system has the motor operated by rich fuel mixture, and described method comprises:

Produce a certain amount of pressurized air in response to control signal from compressor;

The pressurized air of described amount is mixed to generate described Exhaust Gas and described compressed-air actuated gaseous mixture with the Exhaust Gas from described motor;

Described gaseous mixture is fed to catalytic converter;

Detection enters the oxygen level of the described gaseous mixture of described catalytic converter;

The described temperature levels of the described gaseous mixture of described catalytic converter is left in detection;

Regulate described compressed-air actuated amount in response to described oxygen level, thereby provide the described pressurized air of sufficient quantity, with the hydrocarbon by existing described gaseous mixture in described catalytic converter and carbon monoxide oxidation basically, and keep the predetermined roughly optimal temperature levels of described gaseous mixture simultaneously;

Described gaseous mixture is fed to the turbo machine of described super turbosupercharger to drive described super turbosupercharger.

2. the method for claim 1, wherein described predetermined roughly optimal temperature levels is not damage the temperature levels of described turbo machine.

3. the method for claim 1, wherein described predetermined roughly optimal temperature levels is approximate 950 ℃.

4. the method for claim 1, wherein described compressor is the compressor that described super turbosupercharger is used.

5. the method for claim 1, wherein described compressor is additional driven type compressor.

6. the method for claim 1, wherein described compressor is the additional mechanically driven compressor mechanically connected with described super turbosupercharger.

7. the engine system operated by rich fuel mixture comprises:

Super turbosupercharger, it has turbo machine and compressor;

Additional compressor, it supplies a certain amount of pressurized air in response to control signal;

Mixing chamber, it will mix to generate described Exhaust Gas and described compressed-air actuated gaseous mixture with the pressurized air of described amount from the Exhaust Gas of described engine system;

Catalytic converter, it connects with the described mixing chamber that receives described gaseous mixture;

Oxygen sensor, its sensing enters oxygen level and the sensor signal that produces oxygen of the described gaseous mixture of described catalytic converter;

Temperature transducer, its sensing leaves described temperature levels and the generation temperature sensor signal of the described gaseous mixture of described catalytic converter;

Controller, it is in response to described oxygen sensor signal and described temperature sensor signal and produce described control signal, so that the pressurized air that is fed to the described amount of described catalytic converter by described additional compressor is enough to make described catalytic converter hydrocarbon and the carbon monoxide in the described gaseous mixture of oxidation basically, and keep leaving the predetermined roughly optimal temperature levels of the described gaseous mixture of described catalytic converter simultaneously;

Described gaseous mixture is fed to described turbo machine to drive described super turbosupercharger.

8. engine system as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described predetermined roughly optimal temperature levels is for damaging the low temperature levels of temperature of described turbo machine than meeting.

9. engine system as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described predetermined roughly optimal temperature levels is approximate 950 ℃.

10. engine system as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described predetermined roughly optimal temperature levels is within low approximate 100 ℃ of the temperature levels that damages described turbo machine than meeting.

11. engine system as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described additional compressor is the driven type compressor.

12. engine system as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described additional compressor is mechanically driven compressor, and has the variable speed drive that mechanically connects with described turbo machine and controlled by described controller.

13. engine system as claimed in claim 8, wherein, described additional compressor is the driven type compressor.

14. engine system as claimed in claim 8, wherein, described additional compressor is mechanically driven compressor, and has the variable speed drive that mechanically connects with described turbo machine and controlled by described controller.

15. a raising has the method for performance of the engine system of super turbosupercharger, comprising:

Catalytic converter is provided, described catalytic converter receives from the Exhaust Gas of described engine system and produces exothermic reaction, and described exothermic reaction increases heat to described Exhaust Gas and generates and transform the after heat Exhaust Gas with the carry-out part place at described catalytic converter;

Provide pressurized air from compressor;

A described compressed-air actuated part is mixed to generate gaseous mixture with the described conversion after heat Exhaust Gas from described catalytic converter, prevent from the described turbo machine of described super turbosupercharger is caused to damage thereby the temperature of described gaseous mixture is no more than predetermined maximum temperature;

Drive described turbo machine by described gaseous mixture;

Superfluous turbo machine rotating mechanical energy is delivered to and advances system from described turbo machine, if not like this, will make described turbo machine cause the speed rotation of damage to described compressor with meeting.

16. method as claimed in claim 15 also comprises:

To advance is that rotating mechanical energy is to be delivered to described compressor to reduce turbo lag from described propelling.

17. method as claimed in claim 15 wherein, provides described compressed-air actuated step also to comprise:

Provide pressurized air from the compressor of described super turbosupercharger.

18. method as claimed in claim 15 wherein, provides described compressed-air actuated step also to comprise:

Provide pressurized air from additional compressor, described additional compressor is not that the compressor of compressed-air actuated described super turbosupercharger is provided for described engine system.

19. a method that improves the performance of super turbocharged engine system comprises:

Motor is provided;

Catalytic converter is provided, described catalytic converter is connected to and is positioned near the Exhaust Gas outlet of described motor and receives the motor Exhaust Gas from described motor, described motor Exhaust Gas activates the exothermic reaction in described catalytic converter, and described exothermic reaction increases additional-energy and produces the catalytic converter Exhaust Gas hotter than described motor Exhaust Gas at the carry-out part place of described catalytic converter to described motor Exhaust Gas;

Pressurized air stream is provided to the suction tude of described motor;

Additional compressed air stream is provided;

Described additional compressed air is mixed with the described catalytic converter Exhaust Gas of described downstream catalytic converter, to generate the gaseous mixture of described catalytic converter Exhaust Gas and described additional compressed air;

The described additional compressed air that the generation control signal enters described mixing chamber with adjusting flows that described gaseous mixture is remained on below maximum temperature;

Described gaseous mixture is fed to turbo machine, and described turbo machine generates the turbo machine rotating mechanical energy in response to the flow of described gaseous mixture;

To be delivered to described compressor from the described turbo machine rotating mechanical energy of described turbo machine, described compressor utilizes described turbo machine rotating mechanical energy to carry out source of compressed air, thereby generates described pressurized air when the flow of the described gaseous mixture via described turbo machine is enough to drive described compressor;

Extract at least a portion of described turbo machine rotating mechanical energy from described turbo machine, and, in the time need to not making described compressor operation from the described part of the described turbo machine rotating mechanical energy of described turbo machine, the described part of described turbo machine rotating mechanical energy is administered to and advances system;

, will be that rotating mechanical energy offers described compressor from the propelling of described propelling system, thereby prevent turbo lag when driving described compressor when the underfed of the described gaseous mixture via described turbo machine.

20. method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, the described maximum temperature of described gaseous mixture can cause below the temperature of damage described turbo machine at described gaseous mixture.

21. method as claimed in claim 20, wherein, the described maximum temperature of described gaseous mixture is lower than approximate 950 ℃.

22. method as claimed in claim 20, wherein, do not utilize the wastegate that the excess gas of described gaseous mixture is discharged to improve the described efficiency of described motor.

23. method as claimed in claim 22 wherein, is extracted superfluous turbo machine rotating mechanical energy and will will be that the step that rotating mechanical energy is provided to described compressor comprises from the propelling of described propelling system from described turbo machine:

Between described propelling system and the axle that described turbo machine and described compressor are coupled together, use is the transmission device that rotating mechanical energy links up by the turbo machine rotating mechanical energy of described surplus and described propelling.

24. method as claimed in claim 23 wherein, comprises described additional compressed air with the step that described catalytic converter Exhaust Gas mixes:

Provide the mixing chamber with at least one opening that is arranged in the exhaust duct be connected with compressed air line, so that described additional compressed air flows through described at least one opening and mixes with the described hotter Exhaust Gas in described exhaust duct.

25. method as claimed in claim 19 wherein, provides the step of additional compressed air stream to comprise:

Additional compressed air stream from compressor is provided, and described compressor is provided to described pressurized air stream the described suction tude of described motor.

26. method as claimed in claim 19 wherein, provides the step of additional compressed air stream to comprise:

Additional compressed air stream from compressor is provided, and described compressor is not provided to described pressurized air stream the described suction tude of described motor.

27. a super turbosupercharger motor comprises:

Motor;

Catalytic converter, it is connected near the exhaust duct Exhaust Gas outlet that is positioned at described motor, so that activate the exothermic reaction in described catalytic converter from the hot Exhaust Gas of described motor, described catalytic converter is increased to described hot Exhaust Gas by energy and generates and transforms rear Exhaust Gas;

Compressor, it is connected to provides compressed-air actuated air-source, and described pressurized air is applied to the suction tude of described motor;

Additional compressor, it provides the large a certain amount of additional compressed air of stress level of the described Exhaust Gas of pressure ratio;

Pipeline, after it is provided to described conversion by described additional compressed air, Exhaust Gas is so that described additional compressed air mixes to generate gaseous mixture with Exhaust Gas after described conversion;

Turbo machine, it mechanically connects with described compressor and generates the turbo machine rotating mechanical energy from described gaseous mixture;

Controller, it generates control signal, and described control signal is regulated the amount of described additional compressed air so that described gaseous mixture is remained on below maximum temperature;

Transmission device, the propelling of its system of self-propelled in the future is that rotating mechanical energy offers described compressor, thereby reduce turbo lag when the underfed of the described Exhaust Gas via described turbo machine when driving described compressor to expectation boosting level, and extract superfluous turbo machine rotating mechanical energy from described turbo machine and remain on and can cause below the predetermined maximum (top) speed of damage described compressor with the rotating speed by described compressor.

28. engine system as claimed in claim 27, wherein, described additional compressor is the electric compressor.

29. engine system as claimed in claim 27, wherein, described additional compressor is the mechanical commprssor connected with variable speed drive, and described variable speed drive mechanically connects with described turbo machine and controlled by described controller.

30. a raising has the method for performance of the piston engine system of super turbosupercharger:

To be administered to from the Exhaust Gas of described piston engine system the NOx converter, described NOx converter is transformed to generate NOx to described Exhaust Gas and is transformed rear gas;

The described pressurized air of described amount is transformed to rear gas with described NOx and mix to generate the rear gas of described NOx conversion and described compressed-air actuated gaseous mixture;

Described gaseous mixture is fed to hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter and with Formed hydrogen compound/carbon monoxide, transforms rear gas;

Detect the described temperature levels that described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide transforms rear gas;

Regulate described compressed-air actuated amount and be adjusted to the preferred temperature level with the described temperature levels that described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide is transformed to rear gas.

31. method as claimed in claim 30, wherein, described preferred temperature level is not for can damage the temperature levels of described turbo machine.

32. method as claimed in claim 30 wherein, comprises the pressurized air of described amount with the step that gas after described conversion mixes:

Mix have be enough to described NOx is transformed after hydrocarbon in gas and the carbon monoxide described pressurized air of the amount of complete oxidation basically.

33. a raising has the method for performance of the piston engine system of super turbosupercharger:

The pressurized air of first amount of generation;

The described pressurized air of described the first amount is transformed to rear gas with described NOx and mix to generate the rear gas of described NOx conversion and described compressed-air actuated the first gaseous mixture;

Described the first gaseous mixture is fed to hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter and with Formed hydrogen compound/carbon monoxide, transforms rear gas;

The pressurized air of second amount of generation;

Gas after the pressurized air of described the second amount and described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide conversion is mixed with gas cooling after described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide is transformed to preferred temperature, to generate cooling hydrocarbon/rear gas of carbon monoxide conversion;

Utilize described cooling hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide to transform the turbo machine that rear gas drives described super turbosupercharger.

34. method as claimed in claim 33, wherein, described preferred temperature is not for can damage the temperature of described turbo machine.

35. method as claimed in claim 33, wherein, the pressurized air of described the first amount have allow described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter that described NOx is transformed after hydrocarbon in gas and the carbon monoxide amount of complete oxidation basically.

36. a super turbocharged engine system comprises:

Piston engine, it produces Exhaust Gas;

The NOx converter, it is coupled with gas after receiving described Exhaust Gas and generating the NOx conversion;

Compressor, it is connected to air-source, and described air-source provides pressurized air, and described pressurized air is administered to the suction tude of described motor;

Feedback valve, the described compressed-air actuated part of its supply transforms rear gas with described NOx and mixes to generate gaseous mixture;

Hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter, its hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide that is connected to receive in described gaseous mixture and the described gaseous mixture of oxidation transforms rear gaseous mixture with Formed hydrogen compound/carbon monoxide;

Turbo machine, it is coupled to receive described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide gaseous state mixture and gaseous mixture generation turbo machine rotating mechanical energy from described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide transforms.

37. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 36 also comprises:

Controller, it produces control signal, and described control signal is regulated described compressed-air actuated described amount so that described gaseous mixture is remained on below maximum temperature.

38. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 37 also comprises:

Transmission device, it extracts superfluous turbo machine rotating mechanical energy and the turbo machine rotating mechanical energy of described surplus is changed into to propelling from described turbo machine is rotating mechanical energy.

39. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 36, wherein, described compressed-air actuated described part be enough to make described hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter by complete oxidation basically.

40. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 36, wherein, after described compressed-air actuated described part is enough to described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide is transformed, gaseous mixture is cooled to preferred temperature.

41. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 39, wherein, after described compressed-air actuated described part is enough to described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide is transformed, gaseous mixture is cooled to preferred temperature.

42. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 38, wherein, the propelling of described transmission device self-propelled in the future system is that rotating mechanical energy offers described compressor, thus when the underfed of the described Exhaust Gas via described turbo machine described driven compressor is alleviated to turbo lag when expecting the boosting level.

43. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 38, wherein, thereby described transmission device from described turbo machine extract superfluous turbo machine rotating mechanical energy with the rotating speed that keeps described compressor by described driven compressor to expecting the boosting level.

44. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 38, wherein, described transmission device extract from described turbo machine that superfluous turbo machine rotating mechanical energy remains on the rotating speed by described compressor can cause below the predetermined maximum (top) speed of damage described compressor.

45. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 38, wherein, the propelling of described transmission device self-propelled in the future system is that rotating mechanical energy offers described compressor, thus when the underfed of the described Exhaust Gas via described turbo machine by described driven compressor to expecting the boosting level.

46. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 45, wherein, when the described compressed-air actuated flow via described compressor will cause while springing up in described compressor, after described feedback valve allows described compressed-air actuated described part and described NOx to transform, gas mixes, thereby avoid springing up and reach, expects the boosting level.

47. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 36 also comprises:

Another feedback valve, the described compressed-air actuated another part of its supply mixes with described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide gaseous state mixture, described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide gaseous state mixture is cooled to understand, described turbo machine is caused to the temperature levels below the highest temperature level of damage.

48. a super turbocharged engine system comprises:

Piston engine, it produces Exhaust Gas;

Compressor, it produces source of compressed air;

Pipeline, it is fed to described pressurized air, and described NOx transforms rear gas mixes to generate gaseous mixture so that described NOx transforms rear gas with described pressurized air;

Hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter, it is coupled with gaseous mixture after receiving in the described gaseous mixture of described gaseous mixture and oxidation existing hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide and transforming with Formed hydrogen compound/carbon monoxide;

49. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 48 also comprises:

50. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 48 also comprises:

Transmission device, it extracts superfluous turbo machine rotating mechanical energy and convert it into propelling from described turbo machine is rotating mechanical energy.

51. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 48, wherein, described pressurized air is enough to make described hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide basically fully oxidized in described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide converter.

52. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 48, wherein, after described pressurized air is enough to described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide is transformed, gaseous mixture is cooled to preferred temperature.

53. super turbocharged engine system as claimed in claim 51, wherein, after described pressurized air is enough to described hydrocarbon/carbon monoxide is transformed, gaseous compound is cooled to preferred temperature.