CN103423345B - A kind of automobile brake sheet being mixed with bamboo fibre - Google Patents
A kind of automobile brake sheet being mixed with bamboo fibre Download PDFInfo
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- CN103423345B CN103423345B CN201310400565.4A CN201310400565A CN103423345B CN 103423345 B CN103423345 B CN 103423345B CN 201310400565 A CN201310400565 A CN 201310400565A CN 103423345 B CN103423345 B CN 103423345B
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Abstract
A kind of automobile brake sheet being mixed with bamboo fibre, the bamboo fibre through special processing is added in formula, effectively can reduce the noise of brake block in braking process, vibrations, and environmentally friendly, bamboo fibre is renewable resources, and can natural degradation, decomposition product is nontoxic, and frictional behaviour is excellent.Described bamboo fibre, through ozone treatment and ultrasound process, makes its performance be applicable to brake block.The invention provides a kind of the braking automobile slice prescription and the preparation process thereof that are mixed with bamboo fibre.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile brake field, especially a kind of automobile brake sheet being mixed with bamboo fibre.
Background technique
Automobile brake sheet is vital component in brake system of car, and the quality of its quality directly determines the safety traffic of automobile.At present, from formula technique, main point has: semimetal, few metal, asbestos, pottery etc., wherein all be mixed with steel fiber or asbestos material, especially asbestos fiber upon wear, asbestos crumb powder can be produced, float in air, be detrimental to health, except health risk, asbestos type brake block also also exists another major issue, because asbestos are adiabatic, its capacity of heat transmission is poor especially, usual Reusability break can make heat pile up in brake block, after brake block heating, its braking ability will change, produce same friction and braking force can need the number of times that more touches on the brake, this phenomenon is called as " braking atrophy ", if brake block reaches certain temperature, brake failure will be caused, consequence is hardly imaginable.
At present, market abroad, the Environment protection type friction material (also known as NAO type friction material) without asbestos, few metal has occupied market over half; More American-European countries make laws with regard to the content of noxious heavy metal components and copper in limiting friction material.At foreseeable future, in friction material, the content of heavy metal components will become an American-European restriction of trade of friction material outlet.Therefore, as domestic brake block enterprise, while science and technology research and development, need to focus on environmental protection, reduce the use of noxious heavy metal components and copper in friction material, promote the competitiveness in the international market of domestic friction material.China's automobile brake sheet industry faces environmental protection and high performance two make the transition greatly; environment-friendly type high performance brake block is except will meeting the requirements such as high temperature decline is little, wear rate is low, stable friction factor; also should have the performance characteristics that vibration is little, noise is low, fall the environmental protection hommizations such as ash is few, the alternative fiber material finding other Environmental Safety is one of effective way meeting above-mentioned requirements.
Show carrying out a large amount of research experiment to natural fibre, after treatment, its performance can add fiber as the one of brake block to bamboo fibre.Bamboo fibre is as a kind of novel fiber materials, and bamboo fibre comes in nature, finally back to nature again, can not cause environmental pollution, meet the requirement of environmental protection.Bamboo is the important component part of the forest resources, and global 75, existing bamboo belongs to 1250 kinds, and China accounts for wherein 44 genus kind more than 300.Bamboo grove area is 4,210,000 hectares, accounts for 2.8% of national area of woods.Bamboo is unifacial leaf angiosperms, gramineae, and Bambusoideae is perennial plant, abound with in the torrid zone, subtropics, band area.Compared with timber, having the advantages that intensity is high, good toughness, hardness are large, is the desirable feedstock of structural wood and undulation degree.Bamboo is mainly distributed in the ground such as Sichuan, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi.Containing the native cellulose of 40% ~ 50% in bamboo, its length of staple is between softwood and hardwood.And the power of regeneration of bamboo is strong, the phase of becoming a useful person is short, and growth rapidly, has the permanent feature utilized of once afforestation, can collect in a large number every year, can not deforestation.
Summary of the invention
The object of this reality invention has two:
First object of this reality invention is to provide environmentally friendly type, and its in use wear debris pollution to environment is few, and cheap a kind of automobile brake sheet being mixed with bamboo fibre.The present invention adds bamboo fibre and adds fiber as one in brake block formula, effectively can reduce the noise of brake block in braking process, vibrations, and environmentally friendly, bamboo fibre is renewable resources, and can natural degradation, decomposition product is nontoxic, and frictional behaviour is excellent.
Second object of this reality invention is to provide the preparation method of this kind of environment-friendly type vehicle brake block, comprises the special processing technique to bamboo fibre, and the making moulding process of brake block.After treatment, properties all changes bamboo fibre, makes it meet the requirement of brake block lamination coating; A kind of processing being mixed with the automobile brake sheet of bamboo fibre is completed through specific brake block processing technology.
Implementation of the present invention is as follows:
For realizing the first object of the present invention, be mixed with an automobile brake sheet for bamboo fibre, its formula comprises: phenol-formaldehyde resin modified, brass fiber, Steel Fibre, wollastonite fibre, bamboo fibre, aramid fibre, zircon, aluminium oxide, vermiculite, graphite, molybdenum disulfide, mica, barite.
What described phenol-formaldehyde resin modified adopted is through cashew nut oil modified phenolic resin, cashew nut oil modified phenolic resin at high temperature has excellent flexibility, resistance to acids and bases excellent again, frictional behaviour is excellent, forms carbonized film in friction process on surface, soft and flexible, difficult drop-off, make disc surface febrile state even, ensure brake block stability, wear and tear little.The phenolic resin that phenol-formaldehyde resin modified selects Jinan holy well ripple Butterworth Chemical Co., Ltd. to produce.
Brass fiber is the crush type brass fiber that large positive steel fiber (Zhuhai) Co., Ltd produces.The good heat conductivity of brass, the life-span is long, and antithesis can be made to form one deck Cu protective film, and copper is softer, is less than antithesis (cast iron, alloyed steel etc.) and can reduces wearing and tearing to antithesis.
Steel Fibre is the steel fiber that Nanyang Jun Long industry parent company produces, Steel Fibre has good thermal conductivity, and its high heat-conducting property makes local surfaces heat spread rapidly, thus reduces friction surface temperature, avoid surface temperature too high, prevent that Yin Wendu is too high makes phenolic resin as matrix resin thermolysis.Meanwhile, Steel Fibre has stable friction factor, and temperature is 300 ~ 480 DEG C time, and friction factor decline is very little.
Wollastonite fibre Yingkou ASiChuang chemical engineering Co., Ltd produces, and adopts acicular wollastonite, wollastonite fibre good stability, surface temperature can maintain about 450 DEG C, and can bear 800 DEG C of high temperature in the short time, thermal conductivity is low, have good durability, wear and tear little, braking process noise is little.
Bamboo fibre is the lamination coating from processing, and through the process such as ozone, ultrasound, the surface of bamboo fibre is through retardant treatment, and length of staple is 3mm, specifically sees the processing method of bamboo fibre.
Aramid fibre is that Di Ren trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. produces, the outstanding advantages of aramid fibre is its thermostability, it can Long-Time Service under 180 degrees Celsius, 200 degrees Celsius of intensity of 50 hours decline only 10%, 300 degrees Celsius time decline 50%, initial pyrolyzation temperature is up to 500 degrees Celsius, aramid fibre is in friction material goods, present stable friction factor, wear rate is low, the advantage that intensity is good.Use the friction material of aramid fiber also to have good impact strength in addition, product density is low, and hardness is low, and brake noise is low, does not damage the features such as braking antithesis.Adopt the fineness 2.02dtex of aramid fibre, density 31.4g/cm, specific surface area 5-8m
2/ g, strong irregularity 12.2%, stretches irregularity 9.7%.
Zircon is that Yingkou ASiChuang chemical engineering Co., Ltd produces, zircon have soft in have just and have soft attribute, increase and rub effect clearly, heat resistanceheat resistant vibrations performance is good, and do not produce vibrating noise, can obtain good braking effect, the order number of zircon is 100 orders.
Aluminium oxide is that Zibo Jin Qi Chemical Industry Science Co., Ltd produces, and it does not at high temperature fail, do not expand, stable friction performance, the higher braking quality of temperature is more stable, and granularity is thinner, easily disperses during batch mixing, be evenly distributed, reduce the impact of mating plate, and the affinity of other pulverulent materials be good.
Vermiculite is the meticulous mineral products process plants of Hebei province Shou Lingxian, and order number is 20-100 order, can play absorbing sound and lowering noise effect effectively.
Graphite is that East China, Changzhou Wujin special fibre Manufacturing Co., Ltd produces, and order number is 60 orders, and graphite has good heat conduction and resistance to high temperature, can improve the antiwear property of material.
Molybdenum disulfide is that Changzhou Yao Bang fractional material factory produces, and the Mohs hardness of molybdenum disulfide is 1 ~ 1.5, proportion 4.7 ~ 4.8, fusing point 1185 DEG C, and it can increase lubricity and crush resistance, improves the anti-decay property of material.
Mica is the meticulous mineral products process plants of Hebei province Shou Lingxian, and order number is 100 orders, has good acidproof, alkaline-resisting, chemical stability, also has well insulation and resistance to heat.
Barite is that Zaoyang City 5-linked Industrial Co., Ltd. produces, and bar content is 80%, and hardness is 3, order number is 200, and its stable friction factor wears away little, the friction interlayer that particularly at high temperature can be formed, can prevent antithesis galled spots, makes antithesis surface grind brighter and cleaner.
The second object of the present invention is achieved in that
First, carry out special process to bamboo fibre, make its performance meet brake block requirement, concrete treatment process is shown in bamboo fibre process.
Secondly, by the processing technology of specific brake block, complete the processing being mixed with bamboo fibre brake block, concrete technology is shown in brake block preparation process.
Embodiment
Experimentally show that above-mentioned raw-material optimum formula ratio is:
The processing method of bamboo fibre:
Bamboo fibre is made through physicochemical method Combined Treatment, treatment process is: pretreatment---predecomposition---decompose---combing slivering---bamboo fiber ozone treatment---washing---process of soda boiling---oxygen bleaching---ultrasound, thus produce the bamboo fibre obtaining desired properties.
Pretreatment is material all in one piece, bamboo chip processed, immersion.First arranged by bamboo chip, remove minor matters and the bamboo tip, with the thick bamboo tube being machined to form certain length, then through further processing, thick bamboo tube is processed into bamboo chip, and the width of bamboo chip is the bamboo chip of about 1.5 ~ 2.5cm.
Through pretreated bamboo chip, resolution process can't be carried out at once, need through predecomposition process, the technique of predecomposition is be immersed in special tenderer by the bamboo chip that pretreatment is good, the composition changing tenderer is the ammoniacal liquor of 1.8% and the urea liquid of 4.2%, and soak time is 60min, and tenderer penetrates into the crystalline region of bamboo fibre, formation profit rises, thus reduces difficulty of coming unstuck.
Through the bamboo chip of predecomposition operation process, enter into decomposition process, decomposition process is specifically divided into 3 steps: (1) boiling, (2) washing (3) sub-wire.
1) boiling: bamboo chip is still placed on boiling 60min in the solution mixed solution of the ammoniacal liquor of 1.8% and the urea of 4.2%, temperature is 100 DEG C, and it is carried out to desugar, degreasing, comes unstuck.Notice that the ammonia concn in cooking liquor can not be too large, otherwise bamboo fibre intensity will be reduced, and bamboo fibre can be made to turn yellow.Bamboo chip is heated to the temperature of 100 DEG C together with dipping fluid, the time of boiling 60min, and the pressure keeping 1MPa, desugar, degreasing are carried out to bamboo chip, comes unstuck and sterilization.
2) wash: digested bamboo chip is taken out, washes, remove the dipping fluid of attachment and the debris getting such as sugar, fat, glue of precipitation.
3) sub-wire: take machinery type to flatten bamboo chip, then decomposite crude fiber with moulding draw-wire machine, rinse while sub-wire, by the fiber separation in the impurity such as most lignin, pectin and bamboo fibre.
Combing slivering operation specifically can be divided into 7 steps, is specially: dry (6) the combing slivering of (1) boiling (2) sub-wire (3) dehydration (4) softening (5).
1) boiling: the crude fiber of previous step resulting separation is also containing many parenchymas and lignin, need by alkali lye boiling: the crude fiber obtained by separation circuit to be placed in the NaOH solution of 1% boiling half an hour, temperature is 70 DEG C, further swollen bamboo fibre, make the ether bond rupture of lignin molecule generate alkali lignin and be dissolved in solution, and extract hemicellulose further.
2) sub-wire: crude fiber is divided into thinner fiber, and come unstuck with water flushing.
3) dewater: obtained bamboo fibre is placed on centrifuge and dewaters.
4) softening: by the bamboo fibre immersion oil after dehydration, to make it have certain softness and glossiness.
5) dry: by fiber drying 40min on special-purpose drying equipment, temperature is 50 DEG C, makes moisture control below 10%;
6) combing slivering: then carry out combing to dried bamboo fibre, is organized into bamboo fibre silk; Remove short fibre and powder thereof.
For improving the performance of bamboo fibre further, carry out ozone treatment to bamboo fibre, the equipment and process needed for ozone treatment is as follows:
Ozonizer (Sb), the imperial ozone devices manufactory in Beijing three
Instrument thermostat water bath (biserial octal), instrument and apparatus Co., Ltd is established in Shanghai
Accurate PH meter (PHS-3C), Shanghai Precision Scientific Apparatus Co., Ltd
Electronic analytical balance (AR2140), Ao Haosi international trade (Shanghai Co., Ltd)
To the ozone treatment of bamboo fibre, the optimum process condition parameter is: ozone concentration 18g/h, processing time 7min, and pH value is 5 ± 0.5, liquid carrying rate 75%.
Soda boiling process: bamboo fibre ozone treatment crossed is put in NaOH solution and carried out boiling, wherein the mass fraction of NaOH is 1%, come unstuck with composite assistant 10%, bath temperature is 100 DEG C, processing time is 90min, when boiling when boiling by NaOH solution, oxidized lignin and hemicellulose all can be removed.
Washing process: washing temperature is 85 DEG C, and washing time is 20min.
Oxygen bleaching process: 90min, H
2o
2: 14g/L, stabilizer of hydrogen peroxide: 7g/L, pH value=10.5.
Ultrasonic processing equipment and technique as follows:
Supersonic cleaning machine, be self-control supersonic cleaning machine, frequency is 28kHz, and power is 100 ~ 5000W.，
1) ultrasonic frequency gets 28kHz, and sonification medium is the NaOH aqueous medium of mass fraction 0.5% ~ 3.0%, thermal creep stress 45 ~ 60 DEG C, bamboo fibre is placed in the NaOH dilute solution of 2% and soaks 1 hour, and this process ensures water temperature 60 DEG C, takes out post-drying.
2) again the above-mentioned bamboo fibre that 10kg is heavy is put into the ultrasound pond of 5K watt, water temperature 60 DEG C, the weight 200kg of Chi Shui, adds concentrated sulphuric scid 0.5L, then adds TDI2kg, 2 hours action time.
Hyperacoustic power among above-mentioned reaction is essential condition, acting frequency 28KHZ, acts on 1 hour 45KHZ and acts on 1 hour.Ul-trasonic irradiation is when liquid solution, and liquid medium will do compression and sparse periodic vibration, thus causes liquid internal each point to be under pressure or tensile force effect, and large quantity of fluid can be torn by the effect of tensile force, and forms a large amount of micro-bubble, i.e. cavitation bubble.When these flood tide cavitation bubbles break, can huge energy be released and form shock wave, powerful impact and destruction are formed to the solid matter surface being immersed in liquid internal.Thus reach the effect of bamboo fibre modification.
Through ultrasound process, bamboo fibre becomes ultimate fibre shape, bake out temperature 150 DEG C, and in the filamentary state of dispersion after drying, after carrying out surface flame-retardant process to bamboo fibre, carry out prescinding operation, becoming the length meeting mixed fibre is the material of 3mm.
The preparation process of brake block is as follows:
Processing and the filling process of friction material are as follows:
1. material is prepared burden according to the ratio of formula by batching in automatic batching system, selects brake block full-automatic burdening calculation machine control system, carries out automatic feeding, metering, discharge;
2. batch mixing is poured in batch mixer through the material that proportioning is weighted, and batch mixer adopts plough type batch mixer, and mixing time is about 25Min;
3. the material of injection after batch mixing, in flowing colloidal state, join in injection device by the material of colloidal state, inject in compacting tool set, the injector of employing is screw rod rotary injection machine.
The pressing process of brake block is as follows:
1., after being full of gluey friction material mixture in compacting tool set, utilize clamping apparatus to be locked by compacting tool set;
2., in pressing process, keep hot pressing temperature at about 160 DEG C, hot pressing pressure is 22 ~ 26MPa, and the dwell time is 4 ~ 5Min;
3. the size of the friction material prepared according to required brake-pad friction block is cut, brake pad and steel backing are put compressing in a mold;
4. the brake block after compacting, through heat treatment step process, and heat treatment temperature is 160 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C, and heat treatment time is 2.5 ~ 3h, then cools with stove;
5. by the brake block after heat treatment, with cutter, the flash of periphery and burr are processed, hole according to technical requirements, grinding inner arc, outer arc and chamfering, franking, inspection.
The automobile brake sheet being mixed with bamboo fibre has stable friction factor, and antithesis wearing and tearing are little, the advantages such as wear resistance is good, corrosion-resistant, and character of heat-fading is little, and noise is little, and travelling comfort is good, environmentally friendly.Especially mixing bamboo fibre, natural fibre is added fiber as one, more environmental protection, is later a kind of developing direction.
Claims (1)
1. be mixed with an automobile brake sheet for bamboo fibre, it is characterized in that the ratio of each component is phenol-formaldehyde resin modified 18%, brass fiber 8%, Steel Fibre 11%, wollastonite fibre 5%, bamboo fibre 8%, aramid fibre 5%, zircon 12%, aluminium oxide 4%, vermiculite 7%, graphite 9%, molybdenum disulfide 3%, mica 5%, barite 5%.
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| CN201310400565.4A CN103423345B (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2013-08-28 | A kind of automobile brake sheet being mixed with bamboo fibre |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106641048A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-05-10 | 丹阳市米可汽车零部件厂 | Production method of automotive brake pad |
| CN106641046A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-05-10 | 丹阳市米可汽车零部件厂 | Manufacturing method for automobile brake blocks |
| CN107692772A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-02-16 | 常州布奇纺织有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of antibacterial wool carpet |
| IT201800009461A1 (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-15 | Heidelbergcement Ag | Friction materials with reduced storage time for brake pads based on binder compositions and related brake pads |
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