CN103415360A - Punch for cold backward extrusion forging - Google Patents
Punch for cold backward extrusion forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN103415360A CN103415360A CN2011800614436A CN201180061443A CN103415360A CN 103415360 A CN103415360 A CN 103415360A CN 2011800614436 A CN2011800614436 A CN 2011800614436A CN 201180061443 A CN201180061443 A CN 201180061443A CN 103415360 A CN103415360 A CN 103415360A
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- blank
- drift
- cutting edge
- boss portion
- shaping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/18—Making uncoated products by impact extrusion
- B21C23/186—Making uncoated products by impact extrusion by backward extrusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/18—Making machine elements pistons or plungers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K21/00—Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group
- B21K21/06—Shaping thick-walled hollow articles, e.g. projectiles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K21/00—Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group
- B21K21/12—Shaping end portions of hollow articles
- B21K21/14—Shaping end portions of hollow articles closed or substantially-closed ends, e.g. cartridge bottoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/02—Fluid-pressure mechanisms
- F16D2125/06—Pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
- F16D2200/0026—Non-ferro
- F16D2200/003—Light metals, e.g. aluminium
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
A punch (1) comprises a molding land part (2) formed parallel to a punch axis (7), a molding R part (3) having an arc-shaped cross-section and formed continuously with the molding land part (2) on the front end side from the molding land part (2), and a recess part (5) formed on the base end side from the molding land part (2) and having a smaller diameter than the molding land part (2). The Rockwell hardness (HRF) of a material (20) is within the range of 65-105. The curvature radius (R) of the molding R part (3) of the punch (1) is larger than the thickness (L) of a cylindrical peripheral wall part (21) of a forged product (25). The length (B) of the molding land part (2) of the punch (1) is within the range of 0.05-0.15 mm. The recess width (C) with respect to the molding land part (2) of the recess part (5) of the punch (1) is within the range of 0.15-1.0 mm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cold extrusion backward forges with drift, cold extrusion forging apparatus, brake piston (brake plunger: brake piston) by the manufacture method of blank, the manufacture method of brake piston and the manufacture method that round-ended cylinder shape forged article is arranged backward.
Background technology
As the method for the forged article that is shaped by metal stock, the known cold extrusion forging method backward (for example, with reference to non-patent literature 1) of utilizing drift and finishing die.According to this cold extrusion forging method backward, the brake piston that can be shaped has the forged article of round-ended cylinder shape with blank etc.
In general, according to this cold extrusion forging method backward, cold forging is that normal temperature is shaped, thus with warm forging, compare with forge hot aspect the heating expense, the productivity ratio aspect is favourable.
Technical literature formerly
Non-patent literature
Non-patent literature 1: Yamamoto Hiroshi one work, " wanting the compression process of knowing mould " (" knowing that り い presses the golden type of Shrink processing "), the 2nd edition, (strain) ジ ャ パ Application マ シ ニ ス ト society, on March 10th, 1980, P85-92
Summary of the invention
86～87 pages of non-patent literature 1, as the Fig. 6 in this non-patent literature 1,12 explanation, recording using top is during the cold extrusion backward of spherical drift (so-called spherical drift) is forged, if the cross section slip forged becomes large, processes load anxious according to the situations such as shaping that rise, spherical drift is suitable for shallow bore hole eventually.Therefore, be difficult to be shaped and have the forged article 125 of the surrounding wall portion 121 that wall thickness is thin with spherical drift.
In addition, in the situation that forged article 125 is as shown in the figure for the round-ended cylinder shape is arranged, exists and this blank 120 carried out to when cold extrusion is backward forged occurring blank 120(forged article 125) inner peripheral surface 121a and drift 101 hot glues (hot sticky) this difficult point.This hot glue, in the situation that the radius of curvature R of the shaping R section 103 of drift 101 is than forged article 125(blank 120) the wall thickness L of cylindric surrounding wall portion 121 large, in other words in the situation that the wall thickness L of the surrounding wall portion 121 of forged article 125 be below the radius of curvature R of shaping R section 103 of drift 101, be that surrounding wall portion 121 is thin, especially easily occur.
The present invention completes in view of above-mentioned technical background, the radius of curvature of the shaping R section of drift is large even its purpose is to provide also can prevent that hot glue from generation, and the cold extrusion backward that round-ended cylinder shape forged article is arranged that to have high dimensional accuracy of can being shaped is forged and to be used drift, the forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward that possesses described drift, used the manufacture method of the brake piston of described drift with blank, used the manufacture method of described brake piston with the brake piston of blank, and the manufacture method that round-ended cylinder shape forged article is arranged of having used described drift.
Other purposes of the present invention and advantage are in addition clear and definite by following preferred embodiment.
The invention provides following technical scheme.
［ 1 ］ a kind of cold extrusion is backward forged and is used drift, and it has: the shaping flat cutting edge boss portion formed abreast with the drift axle; Shaping R section, it is conjointly forming than a side and the described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion by top, and cross section is circular-arc; With the section of keeping out of the way, it is forming and is being in a ratio of path with described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion than the side of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion by cardinal extremity,
This uses when the cold extrusion forging is formed with round-ended cylinder shape forged article with drift to metal stock, carrying out cold extrusion backward to forge backward,
Described blank is the blank of Rockwell hardness HRF in 65～105 scope,
The radius of curvature of described shaping R section is set greatlyr than the wall thickness of the cylindric surrounding wall portion of described forged article,
The length setting of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion in the scope of 0.05～0.15mm,
The described width of keeping out of the way with respect to described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of keeping out of the way section is set in the scope of 0.15～1.0mm.
［ 2 ］ a kind of forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward, it possesses the described forging of cold extrusion backward of preceding paragraph 1 drift.
［ 3 ］ a kind of brake piston manufacture method of blank, with cold extrusion backward, forge and with drift, metal stock is carried out to cold extrusion backward and forge to be shaped and to have round-ended cylinder shape brake piston blank, the described forging of cold extrusion backward has with drift: the shaping flat cutting edge boss portion formed abreast with the drift axle; Shaping R section, it is conjointly forming than a side and the described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion by top, and cross section is circular-arc; With the section of keeping out of the way, it is forming and is being in a ratio of path with described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion than the side of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion by cardinal extremity,
Described blank is the blank of Rockwell hardness HRF in 65～105 scope,
The radius of curvature of the shaping R section of described drift is set greatlyr than the wall thickness of the cylindric surrounding wall portion of described blank,
The length setting of the shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of described drift in the scope of 0.05～0.15mm,
The width of keeping out of the way with respect to shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of the section of keeping out of the way of described drift is set in the scope of 0.15～1.0mm.
［ 4 ］ according to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of preceding paragraph 3 with blank, described blank is by cold extrusion backward, to be forged in the forming cavity of the finishing die corresponding with described drift, periphery edge in the bottom surface of the forming cavity of described finishing die, with the side face of forming cavity, be formed with recess with being connected, the material of described recess by blank when the forging of blank be to its inner inflow, suppress material in described forming cavity this bottom surface and the bight between this side face near be detained.
［ 5 ］ according to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of preceding paragraph 4 with blank, more than the A/F of described recess is set in the wall thickness of surrounding wall portion of described blank.
［ 6 ］ according to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of preceding paragraph 4 or 5 with blank, laterally inclined at the described recess of the central side configuration of described forming cavity, make the A/F of described recess broaden.
［ 7 ］ according to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of any one of preceding paragraph 3～6 with blank, the surface roughness Ra of the upper surface of described blank is divided by the resulting value of the surface roughness Ra of the outer peripheral face of described blank, the surface roughness Rz of the upper surface of described blank is divided by the resulting value of the surface roughness Rz of the outer peripheral face of described blank, the percent ripple Wa of the upper surface of described blank is divided by the resulting value of the percent ripple Wz of the outer peripheral face of described blank, with the percent ripple Wz of the upper surface of described blank, be set in divided by least one among the resulting value of the percent ripple Wz of the outer peripheral face of described blank in 0.5～1.5 scope.
［ 8 ］ according to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of any one of preceding paragraph 3～7 with blank, the material of described blank is not implement that O processes and the aluminium alloy of having implemented solution treatment.
［ 9 ］ a kind of manufacture method of brake piston, carry out artificial aging processing with the brake piston that the manufacture method of blank obtains with blank to the described brake piston of any one that adopts claim 3～8.
［ 10 ］ a kind of manufacture method that round-ended cylinder shape forged article is arranged, with cold extrusion backward, forge and with drift, metal stock is carried out to cold extrusion backward and forge to be shaped and to have round-ended cylinder shape forged article, described cold extrusion is backward forged to have with drift: the shaping flat cutting edge boss portion formed abreast with the drift axle; Shaping R section, it is conjointly forming than a side and the described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion by top, and cross section is circular-arc; With the section of keeping out of the way, it is forming and is being in a ratio of path with described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion than the side of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion by cardinal extremity,
Described blank is the blank of Rockwell hardness HRF in 65～105 scope,
The radius of curvature of the shaping R section of described drift is set greatlyr than the wall thickness of the cylindric surrounding wall portion of described forged article,
The length setting of the shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of described drift in the scope of 0.05～0.15mm,
The width of keeping out of the way with respect to shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of the section of keeping out of the way of described drift is set in the scope of 0.15～1.0mm.
The present invention plays following effect.
Described cold extrusion is backward forged and is used drift according to preceding paragraph ［ 1 ］, even in situation that the radius of curvature of the shaping R of drift section is set greatlyr than the wall thickness of the surrounding wall portion of forged article, in other words in the situation that the wall thickness of the surrounding wall portion of forged article is below the radius of curvature of shaping R section of drift, about the blank of Rockwell hardness HRF in 65～105 scope, can either prevent that the inner peripheral surface of this blank and the hot glue of drift from, can access again have a high dimensional accuracy round-ended cylinder shape forged article arranged.
According to the described cold extrusion backward of preceding paragraph ［ 2 ］ forging apparatus, play the effect identical with the described drift of preceding paragraph ［ 1 ］.
According to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of preceding paragraph ［ 3 ］ with blank, even the radius of curvature of the shaping R of drift section be set than brake piston by the large situation of the wall thickness of the surrounding wall portion of blank, in other words in the situation that brake piston is below the radius of curvature of shaping R section of drift with the wall thickness of the surrounding wall portion of blank, about the blank of Rockwell hardness HRF in 65～105 scope, can either prevent that the inner peripheral surface of this blank and the hot glue of drift from, can access again the brake piston blank with high dimensional accuracy.
According to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of preceding paragraph ［ 4 ］ with blank, improved the retaining state (dead-metal state) of material, thus, can prevent reliably that hot glue from, but also can prevent from resulting from the generation of skin inclusion wound of the delay (dead-metal) of material.Its result, can access high-quality brake piston blank.
According to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of preceding paragraph ［ 5 ］ with blank, can prevent more reliably that hot glue from, but also can prevent from more reliably resulting from the generation of skin inclusion wound of the delay of material.
According to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of preceding paragraph ［ 6 ］ with blank, can prevent reliably further that hot glue from, but also can prevent from more reliably resulting from the generation of skin inclusion wound of the delay of material.
According to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of preceding paragraph [7] with blank, can prevent reliably further that hot glue from.
According to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of preceding paragraph ［ 8 ］ with blank, the material of blank has not been implemented the aluminium alloy of solution treatment for implementing the O processing, so play effect as following.
That is, in brake piston is in the past used the manufacture method of blank, to improve, forge property in order to lower blank hardness, need to before forging, implement O to blank and process.And then, if like this blank is implemented to O, process, this blank being carried out to cold extrusion backward, to forge the brake piston that formed thereby goes out low by the hardness of blank.Therefore, need to after forging, implement solution treatment to blank.That is to say, in manufacture method in the past, need to implement the heat treatment step (O processes and solution treatment) of at least 2 times.With respect to this, at brake piston of the present invention, use in the manufacture method of blank, even the hard blank to Rockwell hardness HRF in 65～105 scope forges the brake piston blank that also can be shaped and to have high dimensional accuracy, therefore need to before forging, not implement O to blank and process.And, because need to before forging, not implement O to blank, process, so also need to after forging, not implement solution treatment to blank.Therefore, can simplify the manufacturing process of brake piston, therefore can lower the manufacturing cost of brake piston.
Manufacture method according to the described brake piston of preceding paragraph ［ 9 ］, can access the brake piston that is adjusted to the hardness that is suitable for brake piston.
According to the manufacture method of the described forged article of preceding paragraph ［ 10 ］, can either prevent that the inner peripheral surface of blank and the hot glue of drift from, can access again have a high dimensional accuracy round-ended cylinder shape forged article arranged.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of the state before the drift of the forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward that relates to the 1st embodiment of the present invention pushes metal stock.
Fig. 2 has carried out the cutaway view of the state of extruding to blank with this drift.
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 means operation, the process chart that one embodiment of the present invention relates to of being manufactured brake piston by blank.
Fig. 5 is that the drift of the forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward that relates to the 2nd embodiment of the present invention has carried out the cutaway view of the state of extruding to metal stock.
Fig. 6 is that the drift of the forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward that relates to the 3rd embodiment of the present invention has carried out the cutaway view of the state of extruding to metal stock.
Fig. 7 is the figure corresponding with Fig. 3 be used to the shaping R section of the drift of the forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward that above-mentioned the 1st embodiment is described.
Fig. 8 means operation, the process chart that reference example relates to of being manufactured brake piston by blank.
Fig. 9 uses the drift used for background technology of the present invention is described metal stock to be carried out to the cutaway view of the state of extruding.
The specific embodiment
Next, about several embodiments of the present invention, describe with reference to accompanying drawing is following.
In Fig. 1,15 forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward that relate to for the 1st embodiment of the present invention.This forging apparatus 15, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, be for the brake piston that for example is shaped by metal stock 20 with blank as the device that round-ended cylinder shape forged article 25 is arranged, have cold extrusion backward that the 1st embodiment of the present invention relates to and forge with drift 1 and the finishing die 8 corresponding with drift 1 etc.Finishing die 8 has forming cavity 9.
Forged article 25(brake piston blank), for metal-made, as shown in Figure 2, has discoideus bottom wall part 22 and in the integrally formed cylindric surrounding wall portion 21 in the periphery edge of this bottom wall part 22.In this forged article 25, bottom wall part 22 is corresponding with the head of brake piston, and surrounding wall portion 21 is corresponding with the side edge part of brake piston.
The metal stock 20 that the manufacture of forged article 25 is used, as shown in Figure 1, for discoideus or cylindric, be configured in the forming cavity 9 of finishing die 8.And this blank 20 by drift 1 extruding, to have round-ended cylinder shape forged article 25 thereby be shaped as shown in Figure 2 in forming cavity 9.In this 1st embodiment, the bottom surface 9b of the forming cavity 9 of finishing die 8 is smooth circle.The radius of the side face 9a of forming cavity 9, certain on the central axis direction of forming cavity 9.
And then, on the surface of blank 20 (being upper surface 20a, lower surface and the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20), spread all over its whole faces and implemented the lubricated such as the antirust processing of phosphate film.
Drift 1 by not shown drift driver element (example: oil hydraulic cylinder) thus along drift axle 7 to finishing die, enter in 8 forming cavity 9 and from extrusion billet 20 out wherein.The shape of this drift 1 is as described below.
As shown in Figure 3, drift 1 is that its extrusion molding section forms roughly hemispheric drift, namely brings the category of so-called spherical drift into.If describe in detail, drift 1 has circular-arc shaping R section 3 and the shaping top end face 4 of shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 and cross section and is used as extrusion molding section, also has the section of keeping out of the way 5.In addition, keep out of the way the axle portion of section 5 also referred to as drift 1.6 for the center of curvature of shaping R section 3.
Shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 forms abreast with drift axle 7.Shaping R section 3 conjointly forms in a side and the shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 with shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2, compared by top.Shaping top end face 4 conjointly forms in the side and the shaping R section 3 that with shaping R section 3, compare by top, and consists of the tabular surface vertical with drift axle 7.Keeping out of the way section 5 is in a ratio of path and forms abreast with drift axle 7 with shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2.Therefore, in shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 and keep out of the way between section 5 and to produce the step discrepancy in elevation, this step discrepancy in elevation is poor corresponding to the radius of shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 and the radius of keeping out of the way section 5.
And then in the 1st embodiment, shaping R section 3 is connected smoothly with shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 and forms.Therefore, in shaping R section 3, do not produce bight with the border of shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2.And then shaping top end face 4 is connected smoothly with shaping R section 3 and forms.Therefore, on shaping top end face 4 and the border of shaping R section 3, do not produce bight.
At this, for convenience of explanation, the radius of curvature of shaping R section 3 is made as to R, the length of shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 is made as to B, will keeps out of the way keeping out of the way width, namely be shaped flat edge boss portion 2 and the step discrepancy in elevation of keeping out of the way between section 5 is made as C with respect to shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 of section 5.In addition, by forged article 25(blank 20) the wall thickness of cylindric surrounding wall portion 21 be made as L.L be and the side face 9a of shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 and the forming cavity 9 of finishing die 8 between the identical size of gap size.R, B, C and L are large than 0.That is, R>0, B>0, C>0, L>0.
In the drift 1 of this 1st embodiment, the radius of curvature R of shaping R section 3 is set greatlyr than the wall thickness L of the surrounding wall portion of forged article 25 21.That is, R>L, R/L>1 namely.
In the past, the harder blank 20 of 1 couple of Rockwell hardness HRF of drift in 65～105 scope that the radius of curvature R of shaping R section 3 is larger than L if utilize like this carries out cold extrusion backward and forges, blank 20(forged article 25) inner peripheral surface 21a easily with drift 1 generation hot glue.The inventor thinks that its reason is as follows.Namely, think: if the radius of curvature R of the shaping R section 3 of drift 1 is large, with the little situation of R, compare, by the material of the blank 20 of drift 1 extruding, slowly flowed along the shaping R section 3 of drift 1, so material is concentrated with the boundary position of shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 in shaping R section 3.Therefore, easily produce newborn face at this boundary position blank 20, produce lubricated the interruption at the inner peripheral surface 21a of surrounding wall portion 21.Hot glue, can occur and in its result.
Therefore, in order to eliminate above-mentioned difficult point, the inventor has carried out research with keen determination about the shape of drift 1, found that: by the length B by shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2, be set in the scope of 0.05～0.15mm and the width C of keeping out of the way with respect to shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 that will keep out of the way section 5 is set in the scope of 0.15～1.0mm, can eliminate above-mentioned difficult point.
In the situation that the length B of shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 is lower than 0.05mm, the generation of surrounding wall portion 21 becomes unstable, and the internal diameter size precision of surrounding wall portion 21 reduces.On the other hand, in the situation that B ultrasonic is crossed 0.15mm, because B is long, so at the inner peripheral surface 21a of surrounding wall portion 21, hot glue occurs.
In the situation that keep out of the way width C lower than 0.15mm because C is too small, so the inner peripheral surface 21a of surrounding wall portion 21 with keep out of the way section 5 and hot glues occur.Therefore, in order to prevent hot glue, preferably keeping out of the way width C is more than 0.15mm.But in the situation that C surpasses 1.0mm, the less rigid at the section of keeping out of the way 5 places of drift 1, have the dimensional accuracy of forged article 25 to reduce probably.
In addition, the temperature of the drift 1 during forging is not defined, but particularly preferably is set in the scope of 120～190 ℃.
The material of drift 1 is not defined, but is particularly preferably superhard alloy.The hardness of drift 1 (Vickers hardness) is not defined, but is particularly preferably HV1400 ± 200.
And then the manufacture method of this 1st embodiment, in the situation that it is suitable especially to manufacture the forged article 25 of shape as following.So-called this shape as shown in Figure 2, for the external diameter by forged article 25 is made as D, when the hollow bulb degree of depth of forged article 25 is made as to F, meets the shape of L/D=0.038～0.25, L=1.5～5mm, F/D=0.25～3 and this size condition of F=10～60mm.In the situation that use drift is in the past manufactured the forged article 25 of this shape, hot glue easily occurs and, and the low problem of dimensional accuracy of forged article 25 occurs.With respect to this, in the situation that use the drift 1 of this 1st embodiment to manufacture the forged article 25 of this shape, such problem does not occur, that is, can either prevent the generation that hot glue, can improve again the dimensional accuracy of forged article 25.
Fig. 4 means by blank 20 shaping brake pistons with blank as round-ended cylinder shape forged article 25 is arranged, then by this blank, manufactured the process chart of the preferable process of brake piston.The material of blank 20 is aluminium alloy.
As shown in the drawing, in step S1, by cut-outs such as the aluminium continuous casting material by bar-shaped, aluminium alloy extruded material, aluminium drawing materials, obtain the blank 20 of regulation shape (being discoideus or cylindric) and given size.In step S2, blank is implemented to following solution treatment: utilize batch furnace etc. with the condition of 495～530 ℃ * 2.5～5.0h, blank 20 to be heat-treated, then carry out water-cooled.In step S3, the surface of blank 20 is spreaded all over to its whole faces ground and as lubricated, carry out the antirust processing of phosphate film.Namely, ungrease treatment is carried out on surface to blank 20, then on the surface of blank 20, form phosphate coating (example: zinc phosphate coat), implement used the metallic soap lubricated of odium stearate, phosphate coating is reacted with odium stearate and form lubricating film (example: the zinc stearate epithelium) thereafter.The thickness of lubricating film is for example 2～6 μ m.In step S4, select the weight of blank 20, select and forge blank 20 used.In addition, this step S4 carries out as required, also can omit.In step S5, utilize 15 pairs of blanks of the forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward 20 of this 1st embodiment to carry out the forging of cold extrusion backward, the brake piston that is shaped blank (forged article 25).In step S6, utilize as required continuous oven etc. to carry out the artificial aging processing to blank.The optimum condition of this Ageing Treatment is 170～180 ℃ * 1.5～2.5h.In step S7, the blank machining is become to the shape of desirable brake piston.In step S8, alumite is implemented in the surface of blank.By through above operation, can access the desirable round-ended cylinder shape brake piston that has.
And then according to the brake piston of this 1st embodiment manufacture method with blank, the material of blank 20 is not implement that O processes and the aluminium alloy of having implemented solution treatment, so play following such effect.
That is, brake piston in the past, by the manufacture method of blank, for hardness, the raising forging property that reduces blank 20, need to be implemented O to blank 20 and process (with reference to Fig. 8 described later) before forging.And then, if like this blank 20 is implemented to O, process, this blank 20 is carried out to cold extrusion is backward forged and the brake piston that of being shaped is low by the hardness of blank.Therefore, need to after forging, implement solution treatment to blank.That is to say, in manufacture method in the past, need to implement the heat treatment step (O processes and solution treatment) of at least 2 times.With respect to this, in the brake piston of this 1st embodiment is used the manufacture method of blank, even the harder blank 20 to Rockwell hardness HRF in 65～105 scopes forges the brake piston blank that also can be shaped and to have high dimensional accuracy, therefore need to before forging, not implement O to blank 20 and process.And, because need to before forging, not implement O to blank 20, process, so also need to after forging, not implement solution treatment to blank.Therefore, the manufacturing process of brake piston can be simplified, thereby the manufacturing cost of brake piston can be reduced.
The material of blank 20 is preferably the aluminium alloy of following composition.Namely, the material of blank 20, be preferably following aluminium alloy, this aluminium alloy comprises that Si:9.0～11.0 quality %, Fe:0.50 quality % are following, Cu:0.70～1.1 quality %, Mn:0.15 quality % following, Mg:0.3～0.7 quality %, below Zn:0.25 quality %, its surplus by Al and inevitably impurity form.In the aluminium alloy of this composition, compare and contain more Si with A6061, so also contain more eutectic Si.Therefore, in step S8, can implement not have or substantially do not have to the surface of blank (forged article 25) the hard alumite of cracking.On the other hand, the blank 20 of the aluminium alloy of this composition is hard (Rockwell hardness HRF:65～105), so be suitable for brake piston, also exist on the contrary and when cold extrusion is forged backward, are difficult to occur corner shape, this difficult point of dimensional accuracy step-down.But, if use 1 pair of blank of drift 20 of this 1st embodiment to carry out cold extrusion backward, forge the brake piston blank that can be shaped and to have high dimensional accuracy.
And then, in the manufacture method of this 1st embodiment, preferably: the surface roughness Ra of the upper surface 20a of blank 20 is divided by the value of the surface roughness Ra gained of the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20, the surface roughness Rz of the upper surface 20a of blank 20 is divided by the value of the surface roughness Rz gained of the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20, the percent ripple Wa of the upper surface 20a of blank 20 is divided by the value of the percent ripple Wa gained of the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20, with the percent ripple Wz of the upper surface 20a of blank 20, be set as divided by least one in the value of the percent ripple Wz gained of the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20 in 0.5～1.5 scope.By such setting, can prevent reliably blank 20(forged article 25) inner peripheral surface 21a and drift 1 hot glue.
At this, the upper surface 20a of so-called blank 20, be the face that touches touched with drift 1 of blank 20.Surface roughness Ra, Rz, percent ripple Wa, Wz are the values of measuring according to JIS B0601:2001.In addition, JIS B0601:2001 is according to IS04287:1997.So-called surface roughness Ra is the arithmetic mean roughness of roughness curve.So-called surface roughness Rz is the maximum height of roughness curve.So-called percent ripple Wa is the arithmetic average percent ripple of percent ripple curve.So-called percent ripple Wz is the maximum height of percent ripple curve.Surface texture as the upper surface 20a by blank 20 and outer peripheral face 20b is adjusted to the method in such scope, for example can enumerate: these faces 20a, 20b are implemented to the above-mentioned antirust processing of phosphate film.And then the lower surface of blank 20, particularly preferably be adjusted into the surface texture identical with upper surface 20a.
In the forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward 15 that the 2nd embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 5 relates to, the periphery edge at the bottom surface 9b of the forming cavity 9 of finishing die 8, spread all over its circumferential circular recess 10 extended all-roundly and form with the side face 9a of forming cavity 9 with being connected.This recess 10 plays following effects: during by the forging at blank 20 material of blank 20 to its inner inflow, suppress material forming cavity 9 in this bottom surface 9b and the bight between this side face 9a near the 9z delay.
That is, when the forging of blank 20, the delay of the material of blank 20, easily occur near the 9z bight between this bottom surface 9b in the forming cavity 9 of finishing die 8 and this side face 9a.Generally speaking, the delay of the material of blank 20 is also referred to as " dead-metal ".If when the forging of blank 20 near bight the delay (dead-metal) of 9z generating material, blank 20(forged article 25) inner peripheral surface 21a easily with drift 1, hot glue to occur, and skin inclusion easily occurs and hinders in forged article 25.Therefore, in order to solve such problem, in the finishing die 8 of this 2nd embodiment, be formed with recess 10 in the periphery edge of the bottom surface of its forming cavity 9 9b.Thus, when the forging of blank 20, the material of blank 20 is from the tip side of drift 1 to the interior inflow of recess 10, and flows out to the clearance side between the side face 9a of the forming cavity 9 of the shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 of drift 1 and finishing die 8.That is to say, the 9z material flows swimmingly near bight.Its result, near the retaining state of the material of 9z bight (dead-metal state) improves.Thus, can either prevent reliably that hot glue from, can prevent from again resulting from that the skin inclusion wound that material is detained occurs.Therefore, can access high-quality forged article 25.
It (is W >=L) that the A/F W of recess 10 is set as the wall thickness L of surrounding wall portion 21 of forged article 25 above.Thus, the material of 9z blank 20 flows more swimmingly near bight, therefore, can either prevent more reliably that hot glue from, and can prevent from reliably again resulting from that the skin inclusion wound that material is detained occurs.
And then, among mutual relative a pair of side 10a, the 10b of recess 10, tilt at the side 10a of the central side configuration of the forming cavity 9 of finishing die 8, make the A/F W of recess 10 broaden.If describe in detail, this side 10a tilts, and makes along with the peristome side of the bottom from recess 10 towards recess 10, and the A/F W of recess 10 broadens gradually.Thus, the material of 9z blank 20 flows more swimmingly near bight, thus, can either prevent more reliably that hot glue from, and can prevent from more reliably again resulting from that the skin inclusion wound that material is detained occurs.The another side 10b of recess 10 and the side face 9a of forming cavity 9 are linked to be a face.
In the forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward 15 that the 3rd embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 6 relates to, with above-mentioned the 2nd embodiment similarly, periphery edge at the bottom surface 9b of the forming cavity 9 of finishing die 8, spread all over its circumferential circular recess 10 extended all-roundly and form with the side face 9a of forming cavity 9 with being connected.This recess 10 plays the effect identical with the recess of above-mentioned the 2nd embodiment.In this finishing die 8, with among a pair of side 10a, the 10b of recess 10, in the 9bDe adjacency section, bottom surface of the forming cavity 9 of the side 10a adjacency of the central side configuration of the forming cavity 9 of finishing die 8, to the medial eminence of forming cavity 9.Even the bottom surface 9b of forming cavity 9 and recess 10 are such shapes, also play the effect same with above-mentioned the 2nd embodiment.
Above several embodiments of the present invention are illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to the situation shown in above-mentioned embodiment, can carry out without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention various changes.
In addition, in the present invention, in the situation that the cross sectional shape of shaping R section 3 of hypothesis drift 1 be not simple circular arc (for example, the cross sectional shape of shaping R section 3 is in the situation of compound R, a parabolical part, an oval part), the radius of curvature R of so-called shaping R section 3, be preferably by with shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 join approximate immediately following near circular arc front after radius of curvature.For example, as shown in Figure 7, in the longitudinal section of drift 1 (being the cross section that comprises drift axle 7 of drift 1), at the extended line E1 will be along the line of shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 from shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 extended to the tip side of drift 1 with the border X1 of shaping R section 3, be made as X0 with the intersection point of top radius E2 of direction extension outside the radius vertical with drift axle 7 from drift 1, will be centered by this intersection point X0 3 parallax (dotting) E3 and the shaping R sections 3 that roll oblique 45 ° intersect from intersection point from extended line E1 to shaping R section while being made as X2, preferably the mean value of the radius of curvature of the curve in the X1 of shaping R section 3～X2 zone is made as to R
In addition, in the present invention, drift 1 can be also the drift of top end face 4 of not being shaped, that is, also can: the part integral body of comparing with shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 by the side on top of drift 1 is only formed with hemispherical by shaping R section 3.
In addition, in the present invention, particularly preferably having round-ended cylinder shape forged article 25 to be the brake piston blank, but in addition, can be also vehicle compressor piston cup blank for example, can be also cup-shaped product etc.
Embodiment
Next, specific embodiments of the invention below are shown.But the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.In addition, in the following description, in order easily to understand embodiment, comparative example and reference example, use the mark identical with Reference numeral used in the above-described embodiment.
<embodiment 1～9, comparative example 1～14, reference example 1～6>
Table 1
Table 2
Prepared the blank 20 of 5 kinds of M1～M5 shown in above-mentioned table 1 and 2.These blanks 20 are all that its material is all aluminium alloy for the blank of brake piston with the manufacture of blank.Table 1 illustrates the composition of the material composition of each blank 20.Table 2 illustrates the characteristic to the heat treatment of blank 20 and blank 20.
Among these blanks 20, the blank 20 of kind M1, M2 and M4, as can be known by the record on " to the heat treatment of the blank " hurdle in table 2, be to manufacture according to the step S1 in process chart shown in Figure 4～S4, Rockwell hardness HRF is in 65～105 scope, namely harder.On the other hand, the blank 20 of kind M3 and M5 is used as reference example of the present invention, and Rockwell hardness HRF is lower than 65, namely softer.
The blank 20 of kind M3 and M5 is to manufacture according to the step S11 in process chart shown in Figure 8～S14.This operation is the manufacturing process of brake piston use blank in the past.Below about this process chart, describe.In step S11, by cut-outs such as the aluminium continuous casting material by bar-shaped, aluminium alloy extruded material, aluminium drawing materials, obtain the blank 20 of regulation shape and size.In step S12, hardness, raising forging property in order to lower blank 20, impose O to blank 20 and process (annealing).In step S13, the surface of blank 20 is spreaded all over to whole faces and as lubricated, carry out the antirust processing of phosphate film.In step S14, select the weight of blank 20, select and forge blank 20 used.In step S15, selected blank 20 is carried out to cold extrusion backward and forge, the brake piston that is shaped blank (forged article 25).In step S16, for the hardness that improves blank 20, blank is implemented to solution treatment.In step S17, blank is carried out to the artificial aging processing.In step S18, the blank machining is become to the shape of desirable brake piston.In step S19, alumite is implemented in the surface of blank.By the operation via above, obtained round-ended cylinder shape brake piston.
Forging condition is done to various changes, and (blank 20 of M1～M5) carries out cold extrusion backward and forges, thus as the round-ended cylinder shape forged article 25 brake piston blank that is shaped is arranged to these 5 kinds with the forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward 15 of above-mentioned the 1st embodiment.About forged article 25(brake piston blank) shape, D is that 28mm, F are 30mm.And, about forged article 25, to the internal diameter dimensional accuracy, with having or not of hindering and estimate at the hot glue of inner peripheral surface 21a.Its result is shown in table 3.In addition, in the drift 1 used when this forges, shaping R section 3 forms with shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 and is connected smoothly.The material of drift 1 is superhard alloy, and the hardness of drift 1 is HV1400.
Table 3
In " forging condition " hurdle in table 3, R, L, B and C implication are as follows.
R: the radius of curvature of the shaping R section 3 of drift 1
L: the wall thickness of the surrounding wall portion 21 of forged article 25
B: the length of the shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 of drift 1
C: the width of keeping out of the way with respect to shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 of the section of keeping out of the way 5 of drift 1.
In addition, in " evaluation " hurdle, the implication of the symbol in " dimensional accuracy " hurdle is as follows.
Zero: the internal diameter size precision is high
*: the internal diameter size precision is low.
In addition, in " evaluation " hurdle, the implication of the symbol in " hot glue " hurdle is as follows.
◎: inner peripheral surface 21a does not occur that hot glue and the glossiness of inner peripheral surface 21a is high
Zero: inner peripheral surface 21a does not occur that hot glue and the glossiness of inner peripheral surface 21a is low
*: hot glue has occurred and in inner peripheral surface 21a.
In addition, in " evaluation " hurdle, the implication of the symbol in " wound " hurdle is as follows.
Zero: inner peripheral surface 21a is without wound
*: inner peripheral surface 21a has wound.
As can be known by the embodiment in table 3, to Rockwell hardness HRF in the situation that if 65～105(describes in detail is 72～97) scope in harder blank (kind: M1, M2, M4) carry out the forging of cold extrusion backward, even the R of the drift 1 now used is larger than L, by in the scope that B is set in to 0.05～0.15mm and C is set in the scope of 0.15～1.0mm, can either prevent that the inner peripheral surface 21a of blank 20 and the hot glue of drift 1 from, can access again and have high dimensional accuracy and without wound round-ended cylinder shape forged article 25(brake piston blank arranged).On the other hand, as can be known by comparative example, in the situation that B and C outside prescribed limit, can not obtain so high-quality forged article.
In addition, as can be known by reference example 1,2 and 5, in the situation that being carried out to cold extrusion backward, harder blank (kind: M1, M2, M4) forges, if the R of the drift 1 now used is less than L, even B and C also can access high-quality forged article outside prescribed limit.In addition, as can be known by reference example 3,4 and 6, in the situation that being carried out to cold extrusion backward, forges softer blank (kind: M3, M5), even B and C also can access high-quality forged article outside prescribed limit.Therefore, as can be known, in the situation that use R drift 1 pair hard blank 20 larger than L to carry out cold extrusion backward, forge, it is be used to obtaining the optimum condition of high-quality forged article 25 that the B of drift 1 and C are set in respectively in prescribed limit.
<embodiment 21～24>
Prepared the blank 20 of the kind M2 shown in above-mentioned table 1 and 2.And, use if the finishing die 8 of the forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward 15 of above-mentioned the 1st embodiment, do not formed the finishing die 8 of recess 10 in the periphery edge of the bottom surface of forming cavity 9 9b and in the periphery edge of the bottom surface of forming cavity 9 9b, be formed with the finishing die 8 of recess 10 as the finishing die 8 of the forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward 15 of above-mentioned the 2nd embodiment, and then the A/F W of recess 10 is done to various changes, blank 20 is carried out to cold extrusion backward and forge as the forged article 25 brake piston blank that is shaped.Next, about forged article 25, to the incidence of skin inclusion wound with and estimate at the hot glue of inner peripheral surface 21a.Its result is shown in table 4.
Table 4
◎: inner peripheral surface 21a does not occur that hot glue and the glossiness of inner peripheral surface 21a is high
Zero: inner peripheral surface 21a does not occur that hot glue and the glossiness of inner peripheral surface 21a is low.
As shown in Table 4, carried out cold extrusion backward and forged (embodiment 22～24) in the situation that use is formed with 8 pairs of blanks of finishing die 20 of recess 10, can access without hot glue and and the high blank of glossiness of inner peripheral surface 21a.Particularly, in the situation that the A/F W of recess 10 is than L large (embodiment 22,23), the skin inclusion incidence is very little, therefore can access high-quality forged article 25.Most preferred condition is that the A/F W of recess 10 is R above (embodiment 22).
<embodiment 31～35>
Prepared the blank 20 of the kind M2 shown in above-mentioned table 1 and 2.And, use the forging apparatus of cold extrusion backward 15 of above-mentioned the 1st embodiment, and the upper surface 20a of blank 20 and surface roughness Ra, Rz and percent ripple Wa, the Wz of outer peripheral face 20b are done to various changes, blank 20 is carried out to cold extrusion backward and forge as the forged article 25 brake piston blank that is shaped.The R of application is that 10mm, L are 3mm in this forging.In the shape of forged article 25, D is that 28mm, F are 30mm.In addition, in the drift 1 used when this forges, shaping R section 3 forms with shaping flat cutting edge boss portion 2 and is connected smoothly.The material of drift 1 is superhard alloy, and the hardness of drift 1 is HV1400.Next, about forged article 25, the hot glue at inner peripheral surface 21a and estimated.Its result is shown in table 5.
Table 5
In " the mensuration face of blank " hurdle in this table 5, so-called " upper surface " means the upper surface 20a of blank 20, so-called " outer peripheral face " means the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20, and so-called " ratio " illustrates each measured value (Ra, Rz, Wa, Wz) the resulting value of each measured value (Ra, Rz, Wa, Wz) of the upper surface 20a of blank 20 divided by the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20.Ra, Rz, Wa and Wz are the values determined according to JIS B0601:2001.In addition, the lower surface of blank 20 is adjusted to the surface texture identical with upper surface 20a.The implication of the symbol in " hot glue " hurdle is as follows.
◎: inner peripheral surface 21a does not occur that hot glue and the glossiness of inner peripheral surface 21a is high
Zero: inner peripheral surface 21a does not occur that hot glue and the glossiness of inner peripheral surface 21a is slightly high
△: inner peripheral surface 21a does not occur that hot glue and the glossiness of inner peripheral surface 21a is slightly low.
As shown in Table 5, in the surface roughness Ra of the upper surface 20a by the blank 20 resulting value of surface roughness Ra divided by the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20, the surface roughness Rz of the upper surface 20a of blank 20 is divided by the resulting value of surface roughness Rz of the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20, the percent ripple Wa of the upper surface 20a of blank 20 is divided by the resulting value of percent ripple Wa of the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20, with the percent ripple Wz of the upper surface 20a of blank 20, be set in 0.5～1.5(more preferably 0.85～1.2 divided by least one in the resulting value of percent ripple Wz of the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20) scope in situation under (embodiment 33～35), can prevent reliably blank 20(forged article 25) inner peripheral surface 21a and the hot glue of drift 1.Particularly, in the situation that these values all are set in 0.5～1.5(more preferably 0.85～1.2) scope in, can prevent more reliably that hot glue from.
Further as can be known: for the generation that prevents that hot glue from, particularly preferably the surface roughness Ra of the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20 in the scope of 0.6～1.5 μ m and the surface roughness Rz of the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20 in the scope of 5～15 μ m.And as can be known: for the generation that prevents that hot glue from, particularly preferably the percent ripple Wa of the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20 in the scope of 0.7～1.5 μ m and the percent ripple Wz of the outer peripheral face 20b of blank 20 in the scope of 5～15 μ m.Therefore, as can be known: as for the generation that prevents that hot glue from, preferably the surface roughness of blank 20 to be made as to appropriate roughness rather than to make it little.
The application requires the priority of No. 2010-283491, the Patent of Japan's patent application of filing an application on December 20th, 2010, and its disclosure former state ground forms the application's a part.
Should be realized that, term and expression, for explanation, are not for restrictively explaining as used herein, are not precluded within any equipollent of this feature item that has illustrated and discussed yet, and allow the various distortion in the scope of technical solution of the present invention yet.
The present invention obtains with numerous different form instantiateds, but the disclosure should be regarded as providing the embodiment of principle of the present invention, wish the present invention is defined on the basis of this record and/or the preferred embodiment that illustrates having understood these embodiment, put down in writing numerous illustrated embodiments at this.
At this, several illustrated embodiments of the present invention have been put down in writing, but the present invention is not limited to the various preferred embodiments in this record, also comprising can for example, by so-called those skilled in the art recognize that, all embodiment of having impartial key element, revising, eliminate, combine the combination of the feature of various embodiments (across), improvement and/or change based on the disclosure.The restriction item of technical scheme should broadly explain based on the term used in this technical scheme, and should not be defined in the embodiment put down in writing in this specification or the application's program, and it is non-exclusive being construed as such embodiment.For example, in the disclosure, " preferably ", this term was non-exclusive, meaned " although preferably being not limited to this " such meaning.During the disclosure and the application's program is carried out, only in the restriction for certain aspects, just using method adds the restriction item that function or step add function, limits in item and has following all conditions at this: a) put down in writing clearly " for ... method " or " for ... step "; B) put down in writing clearly corresponding function and c) do not put down in writing structure, support material or the behavior of this structure.During the disclosure and the application's program were carried out, " the present invention " or " invention " such term was used as the one or more aspects that mention in disclosure scope sometimes." the present invention " or " invention " such term should not be inappropriately interpreted as critical identification, should be interpreted as improperly spreading all over all aspects or all embodiments and be suitable for (namely, be interpreted as the present invention and have many aspects and embodiment), and should not be inappropriately interpreted as limiting the scope of the application or technical scheme.During the disclosure and the application's program are carried out, " embodiment " this term also record any aspect, feature, process or step, when their any combination and/or their any part etc., use.In certain embodiments, various embodiments comprise overlapping feature sometimes.During the disclosure and the application's program were carried out, sometimes use following abbreviation term: " e.g. " referred to " for example ", and " NB " refers to " attention ".
On industry, utilize possibility
The present invention can be used in that cold extrusion is backward forged with drift, cold extrusion forging apparatus, brake piston be by the manufacture method of blank, the manufacture method of brake piston and the manufacture method that round-ended cylinder shape forged article is arranged backward.
Description of reference numerals
1: drift; 2: shaping flat cutting edge boss portion; 3: shaping R section;
4: the shaping top end face; 5: keep out of the way section; 7: the drift axle;
8: finishing die; 9: forming cavity; 10: recess;
15: cold extrusion forging apparatus backward; 20: blank;
20a: the upper surface of blank; 20b: the outer peripheral face of blank;
25: forged article (brake piston blank).
Claims (10)
- One kind backward cold extrusion forge and to use drift, it has:The shaping flat cutting edge boss portion formed abreast with the drift axle;Shaping R section, it is conjointly forming than a side and the described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion by top, and cross section is circular-arc; WithKeep out of the way section, it is forming and is being in a ratio of path with described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion than the side of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion by cardinal extremity,Described cold extrusion is backward forged with drift and to metal stock, carrying out cold extrusion backward to forge, is shaped and uses while to have round-ended cylinder shape forged article,Described blank is the blank of Rockwell hardness HRF in 65～105 scope,The radius of curvature of described shaping R section is set greatlyr than the wall thickness of the cylindric surrounding wall portion of described forged article,The length of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion is set in the scope of 0.05～0.15mm,The described width of keeping out of the way with respect to described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of keeping out of the way section is set in the scope of 0.15～1.0mm.
- 2. cold extrusion forging apparatus backward, it possesses drift claimed in claim 1.
- 3. a brake piston is by the manufacture method of blank, with cold extrusion backward, forge and with drift, metal stock is carried out to cold extrusion backward and forge to be shaped and to have round-ended cylinder shape brake piston blank, the described forging of cold extrusion backward has with drift: the shaping flat cutting edge boss portion formed abreast with the drift axle; Shaping R section, it is conjointly forming than a side and the described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion by top, and cross section is circular-arc; With the section of keeping out of the way, it is forming and is being in a ratio of path with described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion than the side of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion by cardinal extremity,Described blank is the blank of Rockwell hardness HRF in 65～105 scope,The radius of curvature of the shaping R section of described drift is set greatlyr than the wall thickness of the cylindric surrounding wall portion of described blank,The length of the shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of described drift is set in the scope of 0.05～0.15mm,The width of keeping out of the way with respect to shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of the section of keeping out of the way of described drift is set in the scope of 0.15～1.0mm.
- 4. brake piston according to claim 3 is by the manufacture method of blank,Described blank is by cold extrusion backward, to be forged in the forming cavity of the finishing die corresponding with described drift,Periphery edge in the bottom surface of the forming cavity of described finishing die is formed with recess with the side face of forming cavity with being connected,The material of described recess by blank when the forging of blank be to its inner inflow, suppress material in described forming cavity this bottom surface and the bight between this side face near be detained.
- 5. brake piston according to claim 4 is by the manufacture method of blank, more than the A/F of described recess is set to the wall thickness of surrounding wall portion of described blank.
- 6. according to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of claim 4 or 5 with blank, laterally inclined at the described recess of the central side configuration of described forming cavity, make the A/F of described recess broaden.
- 7. according to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of any one of claim 3～6 with blank, the surface roughness Ra of the upper surface of described blank is divided by the resulting value of the surface roughness Ra of the outer peripheral face of described blank, the surface roughness Rz of the upper surface of described blank is divided by the resulting value of the surface roughness Rz of the outer peripheral face of described blank, the percent ripple Wa of the upper surface of described blank is divided by the resulting value of the percent ripple Wz of the outer peripheral face of described blank, with the percent ripple Wz of the upper surface of described blank, be set at divided by least one among the resulting value of the percent ripple Wz of the outer peripheral face of described blank in 0.5～1.5 scope.
- 8. according to the manufacture method of the described brake piston of any one of claim 3～7 with blank, the material of described blank is not implement that O processes and the aluminium alloy of having implemented solution treatment.
- 9. the manufacture method of a brake piston, carry out artificial aging processing with the brake piston that the manufacture method of blank obtains with blank to the described brake piston of any one that adopts claim 3～8.
- 10. manufacture method that round-ended cylinder shape forged article is arranged, with cold extrusion backward, forge and with drift, metal stock is carried out to cold extrusion backward and forge to be shaped and to have round-ended cylinder shape forged article, described cold extrusion is backward forged to have with drift: the shaping flat cutting edge boss portion formed abreast with the drift axle; Shaping R section, it is conjointly forming than a side and the described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion by top, and cross section is circular-arc; With the section of keeping out of the way, it is forming and is being in a ratio of path with described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion than the side of described shaping flat cutting edge boss portion by cardinal extremity,Described blank is the blank of Rockwell hardness HRF in 65～105 scope,The radius of curvature of the shaping R section of described drift is set greatlyr than the wall thickness of the cylindric surrounding wall portion of described forged article,The length of the shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of described drift is set in the scope of 0.05～0.15mm,The width of keeping out of the way with respect to shaping flat cutting edge boss portion of the section of keeping out of the way of described drift is set in the scope of 0.15～1.0mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP283491/2010 | 2010-12-20 | ||
| JP2010283491 | 2010-12-20 | ||
| PCT/JP2011/079319 WO2012086573A1 (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2011-12-19 | Punch for cold backward extrusion forging |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103415360A true CN103415360A (en) | 2013-11-27 |
| CN103415360B CN103415360B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
Family
ID=46313843
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201180061443.6A Expired - Fee Related CN103415360B (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2011-12-19 | Cold extrusion forging drift and forging apparatus backward |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20130333813A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2656942A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5808341B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101511884B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103415360B (en) |
| MY (1) | MY159001A (en) |
| SG (1) | SG191747A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012086573A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107921524A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2018-04-17 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Method for manufacturing piston |
| CN112719011A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-30 | 重庆伟汉汽车部件有限公司 | Forming process for positioning and mounting convex hull on electric control booster shell |
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| US20150337869A1 (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2015-11-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Self-orienting piston spring accumulator |
| KR101670798B1 (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2016-11-09 | 서영정밀주식회사 | A Method for Manufacturing a Piston of Caliper Housing for a Ball in Ramp Brake System Using Precision Forging Process |
| KR101879219B1 (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2018-07-18 | 후성정공 주식회사 | Piston manufacturing method for air conditioner |
| JP7159648B2 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-10-25 | 富士フイルムビジネスイノベーション株式会社 | Impact press device, manufacturing device, and manufacturing method |
| TWI740646B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-09-21 | 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 | Forging die set and the forging punch thereof |
| CN113976809A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-28 | 通裕重工股份有限公司 | Device and method for determining punching position of fan main shaft and fan main shaft manufacturing method |
| CN115106396A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-09-27 | 陕西长羽航空装备股份有限公司 | Blank making device of titanium alloy deep cylinder and extrusion-rolling forming method using same |
| CN116871345B (en) * | 2023-09-06 | 2023-12-01 | 陕西长羽航空装备股份有限公司 | Reverse extrusion forming method for small-sized dissimilar alloy |
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- 2011-12-19 SG SG2013047642A patent/SG191747A1/en unknown
- 2011-12-19 KR KR1020137015831A patent/KR101511884B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-12-19 WO PCT/JP2011/079319 patent/WO2012086573A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-12-19 US US13/995,546 patent/US20130333813A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-12-19 MY MYPI2013701041A patent/MY159001A/en unknown
- 2011-12-19 JP JP2012549791A patent/JP5808341B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-19 EP EP11851026.2A patent/EP2656942A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-12-19 CN CN201180061443.6A patent/CN103415360B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JPH0663681A (en) * | 1992-08-12 | 1994-03-08 | Furukawa Alum Co Ltd | Manufacture of aluminum alloy-made seamless small high pressure gas vessel |
| JPH06285579A (en) * | 1993-03-31 | 1994-10-11 | Showa Alum Corp | Manufacture of bottomed cylindrical impact tube |
| JP3603639B2 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2004-12-22 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Al-Si alloy forging die |
| CN101091070A (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2007-12-19 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Apparatus and method for manufacturing outer ring member for constant velocity joint and intermediate molded body of the outer ring member |
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| CN107921524A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2018-04-17 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Method for manufacturing piston |
| CN112719011A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-30 | 重庆伟汉汽车部件有限公司 | Forming process for positioning and mounting convex hull on electric control booster shell |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2012086573A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
| MY159001A (en) | 2016-11-30 |
| WO2012086573A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
| EP2656942A4 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
| SG191747A1 (en) | 2013-08-30 |
| JP5808341B2 (en) | 2015-11-10 |
| KR20130087573A (en) | 2013-08-06 |
| EP2656942A1 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
| CN103415360B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| KR101511884B1 (en) | 2015-04-13 |
| US20130333813A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
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