CN103414233B - Low cost, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system - Google Patents
Low cost, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103414233B CN103414233B CN201310395873.2A CN201310395873A CN103414233B CN 103414233 B CN103414233 B CN 103414233B CN 201310395873 A CN201310395873 A CN 201310395873A CN 103414233 B CN103414233 B CN 103414233B
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- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 210000000352 storage cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000819 phase cycle Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010011906 Death Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A kind of low cost, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system, the main electricity accumulating unit that comprises the buffering electricity accumulating unit that formed by lithium-ions battery or ultracapacitor and formed by plumbic acid or ni-mh or cadmium-nickel storage cell, this buffering electricity accumulating unit carries out high frequency time and discharges and recharges, main electricity accumulating unit stores large capacity electric energy, for in the time that buffering electricity accumulating unit is exhausted, charge or meet loading demand to buffering electricity accumulating unit; In the time of buffering electricity accumulating unit end-of-life, mark off a buffering electric power storage district at main electricity accumulating unit, in main electricity accumulating unit, remainder is as main electric power storage district, buffering electricity accumulating unit and buffering electric power storage district capacity equate, so repeatedly, until new main electric power storage district can not separate the buffering electric power storage district making new advances again, quantitatively limit value of buffering electric power storage district=main electricity accumulating unit total capacity that main electricity accumulating unit is separated and ratio-1 of cushioning electric power storage district capacity. The present invention improves the overlength in service life of small-size wind power-generating accumulating system, is 3-10 times of existing wind-power electricity generation accumulating system life-span.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to accumulating system, particularly a kind of low cost, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system that a kind of low cost, extra long life need to discharge and recharge in the face of high frequency time.
Background technology
A lot of small wind-driven generators (hectowatt grade) belong to intermittently using energy source, and wind environment often changes, and except part is generated electricity direct grid-connected situation, a lot of occasions all need supporting accumulating system with it.
Accumulating system is one of core component in wind power generation plant whole system, its life-span directly has influence on the life-span of a whole set of TRT, often there is high-frequency characteristic in small wind-driven generator and consumer, often wants charging and discharging, and therefore accumulating system must face discharging and recharging of high frequency time.
Be at present all to be formed by the battery of single variety (conventional have plumbic acid, NI-G, ni-mh) series and parallel with the supporting accumulating system of small wind-driven generator, meet electric power storage and the needs that discharge, and taking lead-acid accumulator as main. The accumulating system cycle-index that different batteries forms depends on the cycle life of battery cell substantially.
Although capacity of lead acid battery is high, cost is low, and its charge and discharge cycles number of times is very few, 80%DOD(DOD, depth of discharge) time be 400 times, 1-2 must change batteries conventionally, the cost of battery accounts for the 15-25% of whole system, and the maintenance cost of bringing because of its short life is quite high.
Lithium ion battery in the market and super capacitor (a kind of Novel energy storage apparatus, comprises two kinds, double layer capacitor and counterfeit electric capacitor, and charge and discharge cycles number of times is tens thousand of times), almost memory-less effect, charge and discharge cycles number of times is very large, but price is very expensive, cannot bear economically. Therefore whole accumulating system adopts lithium ion or super capacitor, infeasible at present.
Aspect Capacity design, often according to designing with (cannot drive wind-driven generator) the duration contrast of quiet wind phase, load characteristic when the earthquake wind phase (can drive wind-driven generator), take wind-power electricity generation to be used for illumination and carry out analyzing examples. Suppose the moving wind phase: quiet wind phase=1:2, capacitance of storage is total power consumption * safety coefficient (1.1-1.3) of the interior consumer of total duration (moving wind phase+quiet wind phase). So this method for designing cause wind-force primary energy ratio low, can not resist the problems such as exceedingly odious condition. As being all continuously the wind phase, the electric power producing cannot be stored, if the continuous quiet wind phase cannot ensure with normally working by equipment. And because existing accumulating system charge and discharge cycles number of times is all limited, if simply increase the capacity of battery, will cause very high maintenance cost.
Generally speaking, the problems such as at present small wind-driven generator accumulating system average life is short, the working time low, quiet wind phase of wind energy primary energy ratio is short, existing accumulation of energy method for designing cannot address the above problem.
Therefore the present invention will break through traditional small wind-driven generator accumulating system design concept, adopt brand-new method for designing and technology, realize low cost, the design of extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system, and possess the plurality of advantages such as realization is simple, application is wide.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome in existing all kinds of small wind-driven generator accumulating system design, that generally face and there is no effective solution compared with short life, lower wind energy primary energy ratio, the problems such as quiet working time wind phase is short, the invention provides a kind of brand new ideas, low cost, extra long life, the accumulating system of high wind energy primary energy ratio, realize under lower cost prerequisite, not only significantly improve wind energy primary energy ratio, and realize the long service life of small wind-driven generator accumulating system, with the comparison of traditional electric power storage method for designing, the accumulating system life-span is improved 3-10 doubly.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of low cost, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system, the main electricity accumulating unit that comprises the buffering electricity accumulating unit that formed by lithium-ions battery or ultracapacitor and formed by plumbic acid or ni-mh or cadmium-nickel storage cell, the output of wind generator system and this main electricity accumulating unit is connected to buffering electricity accumulating unit input, the output of this buffering electricity accumulating unit connects the input of consumer and main electricity accumulating unit, make to cushion electricity accumulating unit by wind generator system frequent charge, and frequently provide electric power to consumer, simultaneously also for main electricity accumulating unit charging, when the energy of buffering electricity accumulating unit is during lower than 10%-20%, main electricity accumulating unit is to the charging of buffering electricity accumulating unit.
The buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity being made up of lithium ion battery (or ultracapacitor) and main electricity accumulating unit capacity are different and different according to concrete application. And this main electricity accumulating unit capacity is the total power consumption of (the longest quiet wind record in 2-3) consumer in the longest quiet wind phase of locality; This buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity is once the circulate total power consumption * adjustment coefficient (1.5-2.5) of (the cycle period mean value of upper one year) interior consumer of local normal moving wind phase and quiet wind phase, if moving wind phase and quiet wind phase cycle period are fixing, change and more select adjustment coefficient larger.
Therefore, complete the charge and discharge process of high frequency by memory-less effect, high buffering electricity accumulating unit of cycle-index life-span, main electricity accumulating unit has elongated the cycle interval discharging and recharging greatly, has reduced and has charged and discharged frequency, has significantly improved accumulating system whole service life.
And main electricity accumulating unit application ladder disign gradual change type method for designing. In the time of the cycle life termination of buffering electricity accumulating unit or fault cisco unity malfunction, (function class is like aforementioned buffering electricity accumulating unit for the buffering electric power storage district that frequently discharges and recharges to mark off one at main electricity accumulating unit, but be called buffering electric power storage district, avoid obscuring with aforementioned buffering electricity accumulating unit), in main electricity accumulating unit, as new main electric power storage district, (function class is like aforementioned main electricity accumulating unit for remainder, but be called main electric power storage district, avoid obscuring with aforementioned main electricity accumulating unit).
The capacity in this buffering electricity accumulating unit and buffering electric power storage district equates. the input in this buffering electric power storage district and main electric power storage district is connected to this wind generator system, the output in this buffering electric power storage district connects consumer, the output in Gai Zhu electric power storage district selectively connects the input in consumer and buffering electric power storage district, and the size in Gai Zhu electric power storage district changes, when the buffering electric power storage district cycle life termination being partitioned in the ban or fault cisco unity malfunction, mark off again a slice buffering electric power storage district in main electric power storage district, in main electric power storage district, remainder is as new main electric power storage district, so analogize, until new main electric power storage district can not separate the buffering electric power storage district making new advances again, the buffering electric power storage district that wherein main electricity accumulating unit is separated the quantitatively main electricity accumulating unit total capacity of limit value N=rounds with the ratio-1(of buffering electric power storage district capacity), the buffering area quantity of dividing can not exceed at most N, the quantity recommendation in this buffering electric power storage district is 1-5, arrange more even if having ready conditions, also be no more than 5 as far as possible.
Once wind generator system runs into long overcast and rainy or quiet wind sky, buffering electric power storage district electric power exhaustion (energy is lower than 10%-20%), normally works according to two kinds of patterns guarantee energy consumption systems. Pattern one: the output in Gai Zhu electric power storage district connects buffering electric power storage district, is charged to buffering electric power storage district by main electric power storage district, and buffering electric power storage district is responsible for load electric demand. Pattern two: the output in Gai Zhu electric power storage district connects load, and district directly powers to load by main electric power storage, buffering electric power storage district waits for wind generator system charging.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, low cost provided by the invention, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system, the buffering electricity accumulating unit forming by lithium ion battery (or ultracapacitor), and the main electricity accumulating unit being formed by plumbic acid or NI-G or ni-mh, two electricity accumulating unit module architectures modes, greatly reduce in set time of main electricity accumulating unit and charge and discharge number of times, elongated main electricity accumulating unit and charged and discharged cycle interval, thereby improved the service life of overall accumulating system, the life-span is improved 3-10 doubly.
2, low cost provided by the invention, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system, that buffering electricity accumulating unit adopts is without memory, charge and discharge the lithium ion battery that cycle-index is high (or ultracapacitor), has successfully solved small wind-driven generator and with can high frequency time discharging and recharging the life-span reduction problem of bringing.
3, the buffering electricity accumulating unit of low cost provided by the invention, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system, be that lithium ion battery (or ultracapacitor) buffering electricity accumulating unit Capacity design is little, initial outlay is not high, possesses more excellent economy, possesses feature cheaply.
4, low cost provided by the invention, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system, adopts common plumbic acid or ni-mh or NI-G conventional accumulators to form main electricity accumulating unit, and cheap, initial cost is lower, and cost is low.
5, the buffering electricity accumulating unit of low cost provided by the invention, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system and main electricity accumulating unit capacity are optimized design, adapt to multiple climatic province, the longlyest can realize equipment under 15 days quiet exceedingly odious conditions of wind phase and normally use.
6, the main electricity accumulating unit of low cost provided by the invention, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system adopts the design of ladder disign gradual change type, even under buffering electricity accumulating unit failure conditions, and the service life that also can improve main electricity accumulating unit. Do not designing in buffering electricity accumulating unit situation, single main electricity accumulating unit adopts ladder disign gradual change type to design, only setting up first-level buffer electric power storage district is 1.6 times of the former life-span service life, if set up two-stage buffering electric power storage district, be the more than 2 times of former life-span service life.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 low cost, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system design general principle are always schemed.
Fig. 2 low cost, the moving wind phase fundamental diagram of extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system.
Fig. 3 low cost, fundamental diagram of quiet wind phase of extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system.
Fig. 4 low cost, the exhausted fundamental diagram of extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system buffering electricity accumulating unit electric weight.
Fig. 5 low cost, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system buffering electricity accumulating unit end-of-life are opened the moving wind phase fundamental diagram of buffering area 1.
Fig. 6 low cost, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system buffering electricity accumulating unit end-of-life are opened fundamental diagram of quiet wind phase of buffering area 1.
Fig. 7 low cost, the extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system buffering area exhausted fundamental diagram of 1 electric weight (pattern one).
Fig. 8 low cost, the extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system buffering area exhausted fundamental diagram of 1 electric weight (pattern two).
Fundamental diagram when Fig. 9 low cost, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system buffering area 1 end-of-life.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by the accumulating system (W-NO.01) (being called for short afterwards model machine) taking certain model wind-power electricity generation model machine as example, describe the applicating adn implementing of this small wind-driven generator accumulating system method for designing in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, low cost, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system design general principle are always schemed. in figure, the main electricity accumulating unit that the present invention includes the buffering electricity accumulating unit that formed by lithium-ions battery or ultracapacitor and formed by plumbic acid or ni-mh or cadmium-nickel storage cell, the output of wind generator system and this main electricity accumulating unit is connected to buffering electricity accumulating unit input, the output of this buffering electricity accumulating unit connects the input of consumer and main electricity accumulating unit, make to cushion electricity accumulating unit by wind generator system frequent charge, and frequently provide electric power to consumer, simultaneously also for main electricity accumulating unit charging, when the energy of buffering electricity accumulating unit is during lower than 10%-20%, main electricity accumulating unit is to the charging of buffering electricity accumulating unit,
In the time of the cycle life termination of buffering electricity accumulating unit or fault cisco unity malfunction, mark off a buffering electric power storage district for frequently discharging and recharging at main electricity accumulating unit, in main electricity accumulating unit, remainder is as the main electric power storage district for large capacity storage electric energy preparation electric discharge at any time, the input in this buffering electric power storage district and main electric power storage district is connected to this wind generator system, the output in this buffering electric power storage district connects consumer, the output in Gai Zhu electric power storage district selectively connects the input in consumer and buffering electric power storage district, and the size in Gai Zhu electric power storage district changes, when the buffering electric power storage district cycle life termination being partitioned in the ban or fault cisco unity malfunction, mark off again a slice buffering electric power storage district in main electric power storage district, in main electric power storage district, remainder is as new main electric power storage district, so analogize, until new main electric power storage district can not separate the buffering electric power storage district making new advances again, quantitatively limit value of buffering electric power storage district=main electricity accumulating unit total capacity that wherein main electricity accumulating unit is separated rounds with the ratio-1(of buffering electric power storage district capacity), the buffering area quantity of dividing can not exceed at most N, the quantity recommendation in this buffering electric power storage district is 1-5, arrange more even if having ready conditions, also be no more than 5 as far as possible,
The capacity in this buffering electricity accumulating unit and buffering electric power storage district equates.
As shown in Figure 2, this embodiment model machine comprises four parts: small-sized wind power generator, accumulating system (comprise buffering electricity accumulating unit and main electricity accumulating unit, buffering electricity accumulating unit adopts lithium ion battery group to form, main electricity accumulating unit adopts lead-acid batteries to form), consumer (lighting, lamp power 30W, operating voltage 220V), control system (in figure slightly).
Choice for use area is Changsha, and every day (24 hours), illumination was 4 hours often, needed every night electric weight 0.55Ah. The longest quiet wind phase of Changsha is decided to be 8 days, and main electricity accumulating unit capacity is 0.55Ah*8=4.4Ah. Moving wind phase and cycle period of quiet wind phase are decided to be 24 hours, and cushioning electricity accumulating unit Capacity design is 0.55*(24/24) * adjustment coefficient (getting 2)=1.1Ah. In a moving wind phase and quiet cycle wind phase, having the wind time is 5 hours, and driven generator matching wind power is 50 watts.
As shown in Figure 2, the moving wind phase, wind-driven generator generates electricity buffering electricity accumulating unit is charged, and simultaneous buffering electricity accumulating unit charges to main electricity accumulating unit, and buffering electricity accumulating unit provides load electric.
As shown in Figure 3, the quiet wind phase, discharge and meet consumer load by buffering electricity accumulating unit, continue main electricity accumulating unit to discharge simultaneously, main electricity accumulating unit still keeps charged state.
As shown in Figure 4, once run into the long quiet wind phase (exceeding 2 days), cushion electricity accumulating unit electric weight and exhaust, main electricity accumulating unit, rapidly to the charging of buffering electricity accumulating unit, until be full of, continues according to narrating work pattern above. This designs type, can, under the most extreme mal-condition (being all the quiet wind phase), can meet normal illumination in 10 days.
As shown in Figure 5, once the buffering electricity accumulating unit end-of-life that lithium ion forms, the ladder disign gradual change type method for designing of the main electricity accumulating unit of foundation, by main electricity accumulating unit, cut out part electric power storage region, form buffering electric power storage district 1, as in this model machine, cut out the electric power storage region of 1.1Ah. The moving wind phase, charges in buffering electric power storage district 1, and also charging (note: now buffering area 1 is not to the charging of main electric power storage district) in the district of main electric power storage simultaneously, if there is load, cushions electric power storage district 1 and bear.
As shown in Figure 6, discharging in buffering electric power storage district 1, drives lighting when mode of operation quiet wind phase.
As shown in Figure 7, once run into long quiet wind phase (exceeding 2 days), buffering electric power storage district 1 electric weight exhaustion (lower than 10-20%). Pattern one, charge to buffering electric power storage district in Ze Zhu electric power storage district, until be full of, buffering electric power storage district maintains load supplying.
As shown in Figure 8, once run into long quiet wind phase (exceeding 2 days), buffering electric power storage district 1 electric weight exhaustion. Pattern two, not charging to buffering electric power storage district in Ze Zhu electric power storage district, directly drives loaded work piece, and buffering electric power storage district waits for that weather takes a turn for the better, and is charged by wind generator system.
As shown in Figure 9, once buffering, electric power storage district also stopped in 1 life-span, hewed out buffering electric power storage district 2 again, continued to repeat the above-mentioned course of work, and this kind of type only designed 2 buffering electric power storage districts.
Overall calculation is got off, and this type can improve about 5-7 times of same parameter small wind-driven generator accumulating system service life. Initial cost approximately increases by 30%. Life cycle is analyzed, and this type cost is 25% of equal type cost.
Claims (4)
1. a low cost, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system, the main electricity accumulating unit that it is characterized in that comprising the buffering electricity accumulating unit that formed by lithium-ions battery or ultracapacitor and formed by plumbic acid or ni-mh or cadmium-nickel storage cell, the output of wind generator system and this main electricity accumulating unit is connected to buffering electricity accumulating unit input, the output of this buffering electricity accumulating unit connects the input of consumer and main electricity accumulating unit, make to cushion electricity accumulating unit by wind generator system frequent charge, and frequently provide electric power to consumer, simultaneously also for main electricity accumulating unit charging, when the energy of buffering electricity accumulating unit is lower than 10% time, main electricity accumulating unit is to the charging of buffering electricity accumulating unit,
In the time of the cycle life termination of buffering electricity accumulating unit or fault cisco unity malfunction, mark off a buffering electric power storage district for frequently discharging and recharging at main electricity accumulating unit, in main electricity accumulating unit, remainder is as the main electric power storage district for large capacity storage electric energy preparation electric discharge at any time, the input in this buffering electric power storage district and main electric power storage district is connected to this wind generator system, the output in this buffering electric power storage district connects consumer, the output in Gai Zhu electric power storage district selectively connects the input in consumer and buffering electric power storage district, and the size in Gai Zhu electric power storage district changes, when the buffering electric power storage district cycle life termination being partitioned in the ban or fault cisco unity malfunction, mark off again a slice buffering electric power storage district in main electric power storage district, in main electric power storage district, remainder is as new main electric power storage district, so analogize, until new main electric power storage district can not separate the buffering electric power storage district making new advances again, the buffering electric power storage district that wherein main electricity accumulating unit is separated is the main electricity accumulating unit total capacity of limit value N=and ratio-1 of cushioning electric power storage district capacity quantitatively,
The capacity in this buffering electricity accumulating unit and buffering electric power storage district equates, and this main electricity accumulating unit capacity is the total power consumption of consumer in the longest local quiet wind phase; To be the local conventionally moving wind phase adjust coefficient (1.5-2.5) with once the circulate total power consumption * of interior consumer of quiet wind phase to this buffering electricity accumulating unit capacity, if the moving wind phase is fixing with quiet wind phase cycle period, changes that more selection adjustment coefficient is larger.
2. low cost as claimed in claim 1, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system, it is characterized in that, when buffering electric power storage district energy is lower than 10% time, the output in Gai Zhu electric power storage district connects buffering electric power storage district, charged to buffering electric power storage district by main electric power storage district, buffering electric power storage district is responsible for load electric demand.
3. low cost as claimed in claim 1, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system, it is characterized in that, when buffering electric power storage district energy is lower than 10% time, the output in Gai Zhu electric power storage district connects load, by main electric power storage, district directly powers to load, and buffering electric power storage district waits for the charging of primary energy electricity generation system.
4. low cost according to claim 1, extra long life small wind-driven generator accumulating system, is characterized in that, the quantity recommendation in this buffering electric power storage district is 1-5.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101170205A (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2008-04-30 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Lithium ion battery-super capacitor mixed energy storage optical voltage system |
| CN102593907A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-18 | 华为技术有限公司 | Power supply method and device as well as base station |
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| CN103153685A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2013-06-12 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Vehicle power supply apparatus, vehicle having same, and method for controlling vehicle-mounted charger |
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| CN101170205A (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2008-04-30 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Lithium ion battery-super capacitor mixed energy storage optical voltage system |
| CN102593907A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-18 | 华为技术有限公司 | Power supply method and device as well as base station |
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