CN103410961B - The interlock type gearshift of electric automobile - Google Patents
The interlock type gearshift of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN103410961B CN103410961B CN201310382274.7A CN201310382274A CN103410961B CN 103410961 B CN103410961 B CN 103410961B CN 201310382274 A CN201310382274 A CN 201310382274A CN 103410961 B CN103410961 B CN 103410961B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of interlock type gearshift of electric automobile, comprise the first gearshift and the second gearshift, this first gearshift and this second gearshift are all arranged in mission case, mutual interlocking gear is arranged between the first worm gear and the second worm gear, the first worm gear is by mutual interlocking gear and the interlocking of the second worm gear, and sensor detects the rotary state of the first worm gear and the second worm gear. The interlock type gearshift that has adopted the electric automobile of this structure, the gearshift time is short, and without block selecting device is set separately again, structure is very compact; The cost of speed changer reduces greatly, is beneficial to production in enormous quantities; Realize the interlocking between two worm gears by interlocking steel ball, this interlocking structure prevents that, because motor is subject to external disturbance or receives the gear entanglement that wrong control signal causes shift motor to work to cause simultaneously, dependable performance, is suitable for many gear electric automobiles; There is superior autgmentability, can be designed to the stopping device of many gears according to the actual design demand of vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle drive system technical field, particularly electric vehicle transmission system technical field, specifically refers to onePlant the interlock type gearshift of electric automobile.
Background technology
Because motor itself possesses speed adjusting performance, therefore, in the power assembly of initial pure electric automobile, conventionally adopt drive motorsThe mode of joining single speed ratio speed reducer realizes stepless speed regulation. But along with the development of electric automobile, to the requirement of electric automobile also more and moreHeight, the deficiency aspect dynamic property, economy, continual mileage of mode that drive motors is joined single speed ratio speed reducer is more and more obvious,Therefore, electric automobile is more and more urgent towards the requirement of the future development of many gears. But after the gear of speed changer increases, especiallyBe gear quantity reach three above after, in the time that gearshift relates to block selecting action, conventional mechanical formula automatic transmission (AMT)Gearshift completes a gear shift operation generally will be through plucking gear, block selecting and three steps of putting into gear, this gearshift operating timeLong, complex structure, gearshift is impacted larger, has reduced acceleration and the comfortableness of automobile. It should be noted that especially due toThere is the speed changer of level to have speed discrepancy in the time of gearshift, therefore in shift process, need to interrupt the output of power, therefore, the gearshift timeLonger, car load power loss is just larger, and acceleration and comfortableness are just lower, in order to improve as much as possible automobile gear shift speed,Effective measures deduct gear selection mechanism exactly in gearshift, save the block selecting time, accelerate shift speed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to have overcome above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art, provide a kind of fast without gear selection mechanism, shift speed,Compact conformation, interlock the interlock type gearshift of reliable electric automobile.
For realizing above-mentioned object, the interlock type gearshift of electric automobile of the present invention by the following technical solutions:
The interlock type gearshift of this electric automobile, its main feature is, comprises the first gearshift and the second gearshift, shouldThe first gearshift and this second gearshift are all arranged in mission case, and the first described gearshift comprises the first worm gearWith the first shifting shaft, this first worm gear is fixedly connected with this first shifting shaft, the first described shifting shaft and the first described worm gearSynchronous rotation, the first described shifting shaft drives one or two gear declutch shift shafts to come and go mobile along the axis direction of himself while rotation;
The second described gearshift comprises the second worm gear and the second shifting shaft, and this second worm gear is fixedly connected with this second shifting shaft,The second described shifting shaft is synchronizeed and is rotated with the second described worm gear, and the second described shifting shaft drives three or four gear declutch shift shafts while rotationCome and go mobile along the axis direction of himself;
The first described worm gear is by mutual interlocking gear and described the second worm gear interlocking, and the first described worm gear is not with described secondWorm gear rotates simultaneously, the rotary state of the first worm gear described in sensor detects and the second described worm gear.
The first worm gear in the interlock type gearshift of this electric automobile is fixedly installed on the upper end of the first described shifting shaft, described inThe second worm gear be fixedly installed on the upper end of the second described shifting shaft, the first described shifting shaft is movably set in institute by bearingIn the second shifting shaft of stating, and the first described worm gear is positioned at the top of the second described worm gear.
Mutual interlocking gear in the interlock type gearshift of this electric automobile be arranged at the first described worm gear and described the second worm gear itBetween, this mutual interlocking gear comprises steel ball block, this steel ball block is fixedly connected with described mission case, the first described worm gearLower surface there is the first groove, the upper surface of the second described worm gear has the second groove, interlocking steel ball is along described steel ball gearThe through hole of piece moves up and down,
Described interlocking steel ball is positioned at the through hole of described steel ball block and the second described groove; Or, described interlockingSteel ball is positioned at the through hole of described steel ball block and the first described groove; Or described interlocking steel ball is positioned at describedIn the through hole of steel ball block.
Sensor in the interlock type gearshift of this electric automobile comprises first sensor and the second sensor, this first sensorDetect the rotary state of the first described worm gear, this second sensor detects the rotary state of the second described worm gear.
The first motor in the interlock type gearshift of this electric automobile drives the first worm screw, the first described worm screw and describedOne motor is rigidly connected, the first described worm gear and this first worm engaging.
The second motor in the interlock type gearshift of this electric automobile drives the second worm screw, the second described worm screw and describedTwo motors are rigidly connected, the second described worm gear and this second worm engaging.
The first shifting shaft in the interlock type gearshift of this electric automobile is fixedly installed the first shifting block, the first described shifting shaftWhen rotation, drive this first shifting block, the first described shifting block is stirred one or two described gear declutch shift shafts, makes one or two described gear declutch shift shaftsCome and go mobile along the axis of himself.
The second shifting shaft in the interlock type gearshift of this electric automobile is fixedly installed the second shifting block, the second described shifting shaftWhen rotation, drive this second shifting block, the second described shifting block is stirred three or four described gear gear declutch shift shafts, makes three or four described gear shift forksAxle comes and goes mobile along the axis of himself.
The interlock type gearshift that has adopted the electric automobile of this structure, the gearshift time is short, drives comfortable; By two shifting shaftsPlay the effect of shifting, without block selecting device is set separately again, structure is very compact, and the volume taking is little; Solving three gearsOn the basis of three gear electric automobile gearshift problems, greatly reduce the cost of speed changer, be beneficial to large batch of production; By mutuallyLock steel ball is realized the interlocking between two worm gears, and this mechanical interlocking structure prevents from being subject to external disturbance or receiving mistake because of motorMistake control signal and cause shift motor simultaneously to work and the gear entanglement that causes, ensures to only have a shifting shaft to rotate, and performance canLean on, be suitable for many gear electric automobiles; In addition, the present invention has superior autgmentability, can establish according to the actual design demand of vehicleCount into three gears or the stopping device of the speed changer of many gears.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of gearshift of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of gearshift of the present invention.
The schematic diagram that Fig. 3 a, 3b, 3c are mutual interlocking gear of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the gear layout drawing of existing automatic mechanical transmission.
Fig. 5 is the layout drawing of stopping device of the present invention.
Number in the figure is described as follows:
1 one two gear declutch shift shafts
2 three four gear declutch shift shafts
3 second sensors
4 first worm screws
5 first motors
6 first worm gears
61 first grooves
7 first sensors
8 second worm screws
9 second motors
10 second worm gears
101 second grooves
11 second shifting shafts
12 first shifting shafts
13 first shifting blocks
14 second shifting blocks
15 clutch shaft bearings
16 second bearings
17 elastic opening pins
18 steel ball blocks
19 interlocking steel balls
Detailed description of the invention
In order more clearly to understand technology contents of the present invention, describe in detail especially exemplified by following examples.
Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the interlock type gearshift of this electric automobile, comprises the first gearshift and the second gearshift,This first gearshift and this second gearshift are all arranged in mission case, and the first gearshift comprises the first worm gear 6 HesThe first shifting shaft 12, this first worm gear 6 is fixedly connected with this first shifting shaft 12, and the first shifting shaft 12 and the first worm gear 6 are sameStep is rotated, and the first shifting shaft 12 drives one or two gear declutch shift shafts 1 to come and go mobile along the axis direction of himself while rotation; The second gearshiftMechanism comprises the second worm gear 10 and the second shifting shaft 11, and this second worm gear 10 is fixedly connected with this second shifting shaft 11, secondShifting shaft 11 is synchronizeed rotation with the second worm gear 10, the second shifting shaft 11 drives the axle of three or four gear declutch shift shafts 2 along himself while rotationLine direction comes and goes mobile; The first worm gear 6 interlocks by mutual interlocking gear and the second worm gear 10, the first worm gear 6 not with the second worm gear10 rotate simultaneously, and sensor detects the rotary state of the first worm gear 6 and the second worm gear 10.
The first worm gear 6 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the first shifting shaft 12, and the second worm gear 10 is fixedly installed on second shifting shaft 11Upper end, the first shifting shaft 12 is movably set in the second shifting shaft 11 by bearing, the first shifting shaft 12 and the second shifting shaft11 is coaxial, and bearing comprises clutch shaft bearing 15 and the second bearing 16, and bearing plays positioning supports effect, and the first worm gear 6 is positioned at secondThe top of worm gear 10. Mutual interlocking gear is arranged between the first worm gear 6 and the second worm gear 10, and this mutual interlocking gear comprises steel ball block18, this steel ball block 18 is fixedly connected with mission case, and the lower surface of the first worm gear 6 has the first groove 61, the second snailsThe upper surface of wheel 10 has the second groove 101, and interlocking steel ball 19 moves up and down along the through hole of steel ball block 18, interlocking steel ball 19Be positioned at through hole and second groove 101 of steel ball block 18; Or, the through hole that interlocking steel ball 19 is positioned at steel ball block 18 withAnd first in groove 61; Or interlocking steel ball is positioned at the through hole of steel ball block 18.
Sensor comprises first sensor 7 and the second sensor 3, and this first sensor 7 detects the rotary state of the first worm gear 6,This second sensor 3 detects the rotary state of the second worm gear 10. The first motor 5 drives the first worm screw 4, the first worm screws 4 andOne motor 5 is rigidly connected, and the first worm gear 6 engages with this first worm screw 4. The second motor 9 drives the second worm screw 8, the second snailsBar 8 and the second motor 9 are rigidly connected, and the second worm gear 10 engages with this second worm screw 8. The first shifting shaft 12 is fixedly installedThe first shifting block 13, the first shifting blocks 13 are fixing by elastic opening pin 17 and the first shifting shaft 12, when the first shifting shaft 12 rotatesDrive these the first shifting block 13, the first shifting blocks 13 to stir one or two gear declutch shift shafts 1, make one or two gear declutch shift shafts 1 past along the axis of himselfReturn movement. The second shifting shaft 11 is fixedly installed and when the second shifting block 14, the second shifting shafts 11 rotate, drives this second shifting block 14,The second shifting block 14 is stirred three or four gear gear declutch shift shafts 2, makes three or four gear declutch shift shafts 2 come and go mobile along the axis of himself.
Refer to Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b and Fig. 3 c, interlocking steel ball 18 is in the time of state shown in Fig. 3 a, and vehicle is in neutral position state, carCan enter random shift operation.
Self-locking steel ball 18 is in the time of state shown in Fig. 3 b, and vehicle is in a gear or two gear running statuses, and the second worm gear 10 can not turnMoving, vehicle can not carry out the operation of putting into gear of three gears or four gears.
Self-locking steel ball 18 is in the time of state shown in Fig. 3 c, and vehicle is in three gears or four gear running statuses, and the first worm gear 6 can not turnMoving, vehicle can not carry out the operation of putting into gear of a gear or two gears.
In the time that vehicle carries out a gear or two gear operations, the first motor 5 drives the first worm screw 4, the first worm screws 4 to drive the first worm gear 6Rotate, sensor 7 detects that the first worm gear 6 rotates, and the first worm gear 6 drives the first shifting shaft 12 to rotate, the first shifting block 13Drive one or two gear declutch shift shafts 1 to move, thereby realize the operation of putting into gear of a gear or two gears.
In the time that vehicle carries out three gears or four gear operations, the second motor 9 drives the second worm screw 8, the second worm screws 8 to drive the second worm gear10 rotate, and sensor 3 detects that the second worm gear 10 rotates, and the second worm gear 10 drives the second shifting shaft 11 to rotate, second group14 drive three or four gear declutch shift shafts 2 to move, thereby realize the operations of putting into gear of three gears or four gears.
In the time that vehicle enters three gears by two gears, the first motor 5 drives the first worm screw 4 and the first worm gear 6 to rotate, first sensor 7Detect that the first worm gear 6 rotates, when detecting that the first groove 61 of the first worm gear 6 is coaxial with interlocking steel ball 19, the first motor5 quit work, and vehicle enters neutral position state, and as shown in Figure 3 a, the second motor 9 drives second to mutual interlocking gear when neutral position stateWorm screw 8 and the second worm gear 10 rotate, and enter the operation of putting into gear of three gears, and the second worm gear 10 rotates and forces interlocking steel ball 19 to enter firstThe first groove 61 of worm gear 6, specifically refers to Fig. 3 c, and now the first worm gear 6 cannot rotate.
In the time that vehicle enters two gears by three gears, the second motor 9 drives the second worm screw 8 and the second worm gear 10 to rotate, the second sensor3 detect the second worm gear 10 rotates, when detecting that the second worm gear 10 second grooves 101 are coaxial with interlocking steel ball 19, the second motor9 quit work, and vehicle enters neutral position state, and the first motor 5 drives the first worm screw 4 and the first worm gear 6 to rotate, and enters two gearsThe operation of putting into gear, the first worm gear 6 rotates and forces interlocking steel ball 19 to enter the second groove 101 of the second worm gear 10, specifically refers toFig. 3 b, now worm gear 10 cannot rotate.
Refer to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, for two gears before and after gearshift all in the time being arranged on same declutch shift shaft, as 1-2,2-1,3-4 and 4-3, owing to not relating to block selecting, apply speed changer of the present invention complete gearshift identical with conventional manual transmission operating. WhenWhen two gears before and after gearshift are arranged on different declutch shift shafts, as two gears change three gears, existing automatic mechanical transmission becomesSpeed case completes two gears and need complete 2-N to three gears operations and pluck gear, N-N block selecting, and the N-3 operation of putting into gear, the present invention is owing to moving without block selectingDo, only need complete 2-N plucks gear to three gears operations to complete two gears, the N-3 operation of putting into gear, and therefore the whole gearshift time is than existing machineTool formula automatic transmission is short.
Change three gears as example taking two gears, referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 3, the operation principle of gearshift of the present invention is: receive and change when controllerWhen gear instruction, the first motor 5 drives the first worm gear 6 to be rotated to neutral gear position by two gears by the first worm screw 4, when the first sensingDevice 7 detects that, when the first worm gear 6 arrives neutral gear position, the first motor 5 quits work, and the second motor 9 is by the second worm screw 8Drive the second worm gear 10 to put rotation by neutral to three gears, when the second sensor 3 detects that the second worm gear 10 arrives three gears and putsRear the second motor 9 quits work.
The present invention possesses superior autgmentability, can become the speed change of three gears to more gears according to the actual design Demand Design of vehicleThe gearshift of device, such as cancelling gear and can be designed to the gearshift of three shift transmissions, and with reference to principle of the present invention,Coaxial shifting shaft of every increase both can increase by 1～2 gear.
The interlock type gearshift that has adopted the electric automobile of this structure, the gearshift time is short, drives comfortable; By two shifting shaftsPlay the effect of shifting, without block selecting device is set separately again, structure is very compact, and the volume taking is little; Solving three gearsOn the basis of three gear electric automobile gearshift problems, greatly reduce the cost of speed changer, be beneficial to large batch of production; By mutuallyLock steel ball is realized the interlocking between two worm gears, and this mechanical interlocking structure prevents from being subject to external disturbance or receiving mistake because of motorMistake control signal and cause shift motor simultaneously to work and the gear entanglement that causes, ensures to only have a shifting shaft to rotate, and performance canLean on, be suitable for many gear electric automobiles; In addition, the present invention has superior autgmentability, can establish according to the actual design demand of vehicleCount into three gears or the stopping device of the speed changer of many gears.
In this description, the present invention is described with reference to its specific embodiment. But, still can make obviously variousAmendment and conversion and do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, description and accompanying drawing should be considered to illustrative but not limitProperty processed.
Claims (8)
1. an interlock type gearshift for electric automobile, is characterized in that, comprises the first gearshift and the second gearshift,This first gearshift and this second gearshift are all arranged in mission case, and the first described gearshift comprises the first snailWheel (6) and the first shifting shaft (12), this first worm gear (6) is fixedly connected with this first shifting shaft (12), and described firstShifting shaft (12) is synchronizeed rotation with described the first worm gear (6), described the first shifting shaft (12) drives one or two gears while rotationDeclutch shift shaft (1) comes and goes mobile along the axis direction of himself;
The second described gearshift comprises the second worm gear (10) and the second shifting shaft (11), this second worm gear (10) and thisTwo shifting shafts (11) are fixedly connected with, and described the second shifting shaft (11) is synchronizeed rotation with described the second worm gear (10), instituteThe second shifting shaft (11) of stating drives three or four gear declutch shift shafts (2) to come and go mobile along the axis direction of himself while rotation;
Described the first shifting shaft (12) is movably set in described the second shifting shaft (11) by bearing,
Described the first worm gear (6) is by mutual interlocking gear and the interlocking of described the second worm gear (10), described the first worm gear (6)Do not rotate with described the second worm gear (10), sensor detects described the first worm gear (6) and described the second worm gear (10) simultaneouslyRotary state;
The first motor (5) provides power to the first worm gear (6), and the second motor (9) provides power to the second worm gear (10),The not homonymy of the first shifting shaft (12) described in described the first motor (5) is arranged at described the second motor (9).
2. the interlock type gearshift of electric automobile according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first worm gear (6)Be fixedly installed on the upper end of described the first shifting shaft (12), second described in described the second worm gear (10) is fixedly installed onThe upper end of shifting shaft (11), and described the first worm gear (6) is positioned at the top of described the second worm gear (10).
3. the interlock type gearshift of electric automobile according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described mutual interlocking gear is establishedBetween the first worm gear (6) described in being placed in and described the second worm gear (10), this mutual interlocking gear comprises steel ball block (18),This steel ball block (18) is fixedly connected with described mission case, and it is first recessed that the lower surface of described the first worm gear (6) hasGroove (61), the upper surface of described the second worm gear (10) has the second groove (101), and interlocking steel ball (19) is along described steelThe through hole of ball stopper piece (18) moves up and down,
Described interlocking steel ball (19) is positioned at the through hole of described steel ball block (18) and described the second groove (101);Or described interlocking steel ball (19) is positioned at the through hole of described steel ball block (18) and described the first groove (61)In; Or described interlocking steel ball is positioned at the through hole of described steel ball block (18).
4. the interlock type gearshift of electric automobile according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sensor comprisesFirst sensor (7) and the second sensor (3), this first sensor (7) detects the rotation shape of described the first worm gear (6)State, this second sensor (3) detects the rotary state of described the second worm gear (10).
5. the interlock type gearshift of electric automobile according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the first motor (5) drivesMoving the first worm screw (4), described the first worm screw (4) is rigidly connected with described the first motor (5), the first described worm gear(6) engage with this first worm screw (4).
6. the interlock type gearshift of electric automobile according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the second motor (9) drivesMoving the second worm screw (8), described the second worm screw (8) is rigidly connected with described the second motor (9), the second described worm gear(10) engage with this second worm screw (8).
7. the interlock type gearshift of electric automobile according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the first described shifting shaft(12) be fixedly installed the first shifting block (13), described the first shifting shaft (12) drives this first shifting block (13) while rotation,Described the first shifting block (13) is stirred one or two described gear declutch shift shafts (1), makes one or two described gear declutch shift shafts (1) along himselfAxis come and go mobile.
8. the interlock type gearshift of electric automobile according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the second described shifting shaft(11) be fixedly installed the second shifting block (14), described the second shifting shaft (11) drives this second shifting block (14) while rotation,Described the second shifting block (14) is stirred three or four described gear declutch shift shafts (2), makes three or four described gear declutch shift shafts (2) along himselfAxis come and go mobile.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310382274.7A CN103410961B (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2013-08-28 | The interlock type gearshift of electric automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310382274.7A CN103410961B (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2013-08-28 | The interlock type gearshift of electric automobile |
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| CN103410961A CN103410961A (en) | 2013-11-27 |
| CN103410961B true CN103410961B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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| CN201310382274.7A Active CN103410961B (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2013-08-28 | The interlock type gearshift of electric automobile |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103939595B (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2016-02-10 | 苏州紫荆清远新能源汽车技术有限公司 | A kind of expanded letter car shift-selecting and changing actuating mechanism for automatic speed transmission |
| CN106545653A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-03-29 | 南京越博动力***股份有限公司 | A kind of gear shifting actuating mechanism without block selecting of automatic transmission |
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| US6003395A (en) * | 1996-08-06 | 1999-12-21 | Luk Getriebe-Systeme Gmbh | Actuating apparatus for automated constituents of power trains in motor vehicles |
| DE10143323A1 (en) * | 2001-09-05 | 2003-03-20 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Electrical actuation drive for vehicle gearbox, has second electric motor that acts on component provided to transfer rotary motion of first electric motor; both motors act on worm drive |
| CN101424340A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-05-06 | 重庆青山工业有限责任公司 | Shift-selecting and changing actuating mechanism for automatic speed transmission |
| CN102434660A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-05-02 | 重庆青山工业有限责任公司 | Gear selection/shift mechanism of rear-driving automatic transmission |
| CN102758912A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-10-31 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | Gear shift system for electric vehicle |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010014175A (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2010-01-21 | Aisin Ai Co Ltd | Shift actuator assembly |
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2013
- 2013-08-28 CN CN201310382274.7A patent/CN103410961B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6003395A (en) * | 1996-08-06 | 1999-12-21 | Luk Getriebe-Systeme Gmbh | Actuating apparatus for automated constituents of power trains in motor vehicles |
| DE10143323A1 (en) * | 2001-09-05 | 2003-03-20 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Electrical actuation drive for vehicle gearbox, has second electric motor that acts on component provided to transfer rotary motion of first electric motor; both motors act on worm drive |
| CN101424340A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-05-06 | 重庆青山工业有限责任公司 | Shift-selecting and changing actuating mechanism for automatic speed transmission |
| CN102434660A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-05-02 | 重庆青山工业有限责任公司 | Gear selection/shift mechanism of rear-driving automatic transmission |
| CN102758912A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-10-31 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | Gear shift system for electric vehicle |
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