CN103406079B - Do not use the method that organic solvent prepares cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule powder - Google Patents
Do not use the method that organic solvent prepares cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule powder Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method not using organic solvent to prepare cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule powder.Concretely comprise the following steps: a) carotenoid crystals is suspended in the aqueous solution containing antioxidant, protective colloid and at least one nonionic emulsifier；B) solution that step a) obtains is ground under nitrogen protection, homogenizing, make crystal grain pulverize and stable suspersion；C) by the step b) solution obtained by firing equipment miniaturization particle, emulsion is formed；D) protective colloid is dissolved in step c) gained emulsion and carries out secondary embedding, the powdered granule of dehydrate.The method of the present invention does not use organic solvent or vegetable oil so that carotenoid solubilising, solves existing solvent method and high-temperature melting method dissolvent residual, the problems such as carrying capacity is low.The present invention does not use organic solvent, technique environmental protection in whole step；Not having the process of high-temperature process, do not produce transisomer, carrying capacity is high, and active ingredient loss is few.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method not using organic solvent to prepare cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule powder, more specifically, the method prepares the carotenoid micro-capsule powder that a kind of cold water dispersion instant, active component are stable.And this technique abandons organic solvent or the shortcoming of oil phase high-temperature fusion method, it is more beneficial for food safety.
Background technology
Carotenoid is the general name of the important natural pigment of a class, it is common to be present in animal, higher plant, fungus and algae.Carotenoid is the isoprenoid polymer containing 40 carbon.Carotenoid constitutes from yellow to one group of red color, except a few carotenoid such as phytoene, phytofluene colourless except, most carotenoid are yellow, orange or red, their color changes because the number of conjugated double bond is different, the number of conjugated double bond is more many, and color more shifts to redness.Up to now, the natural carotenoid being found has reached kind more than 700, difference according to chemical constitution can be classified as two classes, and a class is carotene (such as beta-carotene, lycopene), and another kind of is phylloxanthin (such as phylloxanthin, cryptoxanthin, astaxanthin).
Carotenoid is the main source of vitamin A in human body.Carotenoid is water insoluble, also only has extremely low dissolving, and these carotenoid are to extremely unstable such as light, oxygen, heat in fat or oils.Therefore these limited dissolubilities and the hypersensitivity to environment, hinders its product and applies food, medicine, the direct of feedstuff industry.And the carotenoid absorption of human body of the coarse crystallization form of natural structure is comparatively difficult, and bioavailability is extremely low.When using as coloring agent, Color is also not up to Expected Results.People seek the configuring technical of various ways to solve the application of carotenoid.Carotenoid is especially made cold water-dispersible powderous preparations, and broader application becomes welcome addition manner.And existing more following documents have been explored in this field.
Carotenoid high temperature (140 DEG C～150 DEG C) is dissolved in vegetable oil by US2861891, and with colloid aqueous solution emulsifying, spray drying, this immiscible material is prepared dry powder.But carotenoid dissolubility in vegetable oil is limited, limit its microcapsule powder product preparing higher amount, and carotenoid micro-capsule powder adds vegetable oil, carry out the heating of such high temperature to also result in all trans isomer and be decreased obviously, and the problem such as product poor fluidity, surface permeability, crushing resistance difference.
CN1942106A provides the method producing carotenoid dry powder, makes carotenoid crystals be suspended in isopropanol/water azeotropic mixture in the method, and dissolves under the pressure of 55 bars and the temperature of 165 DEG C.Then with the aqueous solution emulsifying of sodium caseinate and trehalose, concentration dry.Although the method can make carotenoid crystals particle diameter be maintained at the level of 100～200nm, but there is the mixed emulsion of a large amount of organic solvent and aqueous colloidal in its preparation process, cause colloid degeneration, product water dissolubility declines, embedding rate reduces, thus affecting the cold water-dispersible energy of product and the stability of active component.
The preparation method that CN1836652A provides a kind of water-dispersed carotenoid powder, it is carotenoid coarse crystal is dissolved in containing in emulsifying agent, the halogenated hydrocarbons of antioxidant or esters solvent, and it is sprayed in ethanol or isopropanol, the carotenoid that filtration washing precipitates out adds homogenizing in colloid aqueous solution, is then spray dried to powder.This method prepares complex technical process; need to use a large amount of organic solvent; when organic solvent and protective colloid aqueous solution precipitation, system is very easily bubbled; in production wayward; although in the method that relatively CN1942106A provides, quantity of solvent reduces, but still can cause the organic solvent molten residual problem in finished product.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method not using organic solvent to prepare cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule powder, the method abandons the molten method with high-temperature fusion of above-mentioned organic solvent, and carotenoid content higher in microcapsule formulation, rapid cold water-dispersible, and higher stability can be realized.
It is an object of the invention to be realized by following technical scheme.
A kind of method not using organic solvent to prepare cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule powder of the present invention, comprises the steps:
A) carotenoid crystals is suspended in the aqueous solution containing antioxidant, protective colloid and at least one nonionic emulsifier；
B) carotenoid crystals suspension step a) obtained grinds under nitrogen protection, homogenizing, makes crystal grain pulverize and stable suspersion；
C) by the carotenoid crystals stable suspension of step b) by firing equipment miniaturization particle, forming emulsion, crystal is amorphous；
D) protective colloid is dissolved in step c) gained emulsion and carries out secondary embedding, the then powdered granule of dehydrate.
In the present invention, described nonionic emulsifier derives from food, medicine surfactant.One or more mixture formed with arbitrary proportion in sucrose fatty acid ester, polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, Polysorbate, single double glyceride, phospholipid preferably.One or more mixture formed with arbitrary proportion in preferably sucrose fatty acid ester, polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, Polysorbate, single glycerol distearate.Most preferably sucrose fatty acid ester, Polysorbate, a kind of or two or more mixture with arbitrary proportion composition in single double glyceride.
Described sucrose fatty acid ester, also known as fatty acid cane sugar ester, sucrose ester, being called for short SE (SUGARESTERS) is the simple substance or mixture that are generated through esterification by sucrose and fatty acid.Including sucrose stearate, sucrose oleate, sucrose palmitate, Surfhope SE Cosme C 1216, its hydrophile-lipophile balance value (HLB value) preferably 6～16.
Described polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, also known as polyglycerin ester, including the degree of polymerization at the poly-oleic acid of trimerization to ten, stearic acid, lauric fatty acid ester.Its hydrophile-lipophile balance value (HLB value) preferably 8～18.
Described Polysorbate, i.e. polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester.
Described single double glyceride, including glyceryl monolaurate, single, double tristerin, the mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions in single, double olein.
In the present invention, the mass ratio preferably 0.01～20:1, more preferably 0.01～10:1 of the nonionic emulsifier described in step a) and carotenoid crystals.
In the present invention, described protective colloid is selected from arabic gum, xanthan gum, carrageenan modified starch, gelatin, sodium caseinate, soybean protein isolate, milk surum separation albumen, sodium alginate etc..The mixture of one or both arbitrary proportions in the preferred arabic gum of the present invention, modified starch.The mass ratio of protective colloid and carotenoid crystals is 40～2:1.
Described arabic gum is that acacia gum is refining to be formed, or through the modified arabic gum of octenyl succinic acid anhydride (OSA).
Described modified starch is the natural origin starch that octenyl succinic acid anhydride (OSA) processed, including Semen Maydis, waxy corn, Maninot esculenta crantz., Fructus Hordei Vulgaris, Semen Tritici aestivi etc..
In the present invention, described carotenoid is one or more mixture formed with arbitrary proportion in beta-carotene, phylloxanthin, cryptoxanthin, lycopene, astaxanthin, kryptoxanthin, capsorubin, cantharides xanthin.In the microcapsule powder of the present invention, preferred carotenoid content is 1～20%.
The cold water-dispersible carotenoid micro-capsule powder of the present invention there is no specific requirement that containing or do not contain filler.Filler that contain and applicatory includes the starch derivatives such as maltodextrin, Oligomeric maltose, corn syrup, monosaccharide and disaccharide, polysaccharide etc..
Grinding in the present invention, described in step b), it is preferred to use the mode that ball mill or sand mill grind.
In the present invention, the heating-up temperature described in step c) preferably 90～140 DEG C, heat time heating time preferred 2s～60s.
In the present invention, drying described in step d), it is preferred to use the mode of spray drying or spray starch bed fluidized drying.
It is a further object to provide the cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule powder prepared by said method.The cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule powder that the method for the present invention obtains, its active ingredients particles diameter, between 100-400nm, is the jitter time microcapsule granule less than 20 seconds in water.
The preparation method of the cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule powder of the present invention, is ground the mixed liquor of carotenoid coarse crystal Yu emulsifying agent, so that carotenoid crystals miniaturization, its crystal diameter is less than 0.6 micron.The mass ratio of preferred nonionic emulsifier and carotenoid crystals is 0.01～10:1, and the dispersion of crystal grain is played vital effect by appropriate emulsifying agent, and it prevents the reunion of micro crystal.Otherwise, cause the invalid enforcement of process of lapping.It addition, the hydrophilic wetting surface structure that protective colloid is special with the combination formation of emulsifying agent, and ensure the cold water-dispersible that microcapsule product of the present invention is outstanding.
The carotenoid micro-capsule powder of the present invention is a kind of Subnano-class carotenoid cold water dispersible type microcapsule powder, the quality of emulsifying formula directly determines the size of emulsion particle diameter after grinding, and milling apparatus and firing equipment coupling more can reduce the particle diameter of emulsion further between 100-400nm.The carotenoid micro-capsule powder product made in this way can not only cold water dispersion and also cold water instant dissolving can be reached.The more important thing is that less particle diameter can ensure that product physical aspect in actual application remains stable for, thus being more beneficial for its commercialization.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1. the preparation method of cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule powder of the present invention, does not use organic solvent, technique environmental protection, no solvent residue in whole step, is more beneficial for food safety.
2. the preparation method of the present invention, without pyroprocess, adds without vegetable oil, it is to avoid carotenoid cis-trans isomerism carries out, and product embedding rate is high.
3. the cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule powder that prepared by the method for the present invention has the cold water dispersion instant more more outstanding than conventional products, and its particle diameter, between 100-400nm, is conducive to human body quickly to absorb.
4. the carotenoid micro-capsule powder good stability of the present invention, tests through product accelerated stability, and product content is stable, it is adaptable to several formulations form.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1. the accelerated stability test result of cold water dispersion type lycopene microcapsule powder
Detailed description of the invention
Following non-limiting example can make those of ordinary skill in the art more fully understand the present invention, but does not limit the present invention in any way.If no special instructions, the experimental technique used is conventional method, and material therefor, reagent etc. all can be bought from biological or chemical company.
" in water dispersibility " described in following embodiment refers to that cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule granule is to speed scattered in water, is also the speed of wetting of particulates " sinking ".And by following determination of experimental method: take 150ml beaker, and be added thereto to 25 DEG C of water of 100ml, stand 15～45s tranquil to bubble-free in water, the water surface.Take sample 2g (being accurate to 0.01g) to be poured into water rapidly from beaker overcentre 50mm, and the whole moistening of timing sample also " sinking " be to the time at the bottom of cup, record required time T(s), i.e. jitter time in water.
Embodiment 1
100g lutein crystal, 11g sucrose stearate, 2gd-alpha tocopherol, 3g glyceryl monolaurate, 49g arabic gum being placed in 1000ml water, be warming up to 40 DEG C, stirring is homogeneous to crystalline dispersion suspension, obtains phylloxanthin suspension；By this suspension under nitrogen protection, with sand mill circular grinding 120min, homogenizing, crystal grain is made to pulverize and stable suspersion；This lutein crystal stable suspension is passed through pipeline heater, heter temperature is at 125 ± 2 DEG C, time 25s, make the more miniaturization of crystal suspension granule, form emulsion, emulsion Lutein crystal particle diameter is 260nm (D50), after emulsion is cooled to 60 DEG C, add arabic gum 400g, Oligomeric maltose 100g stirs to being completely dissolved, and gained LS is dried to dry powder, and further agglomeration pelletize prepares cold water dispersion type xanthophyll microcapsule powder, its lutein content is 11.3%, and wherein trans-lutein content is more than 92.0%.In water, jitter time is 8s.
Embodiment 2
By 123g beta-carotene crystal, 10g polyoxyethylene sorbitan monoleate, the mono-glycerol distearate of 6g, 96g modified starch (HiCap100 is provided by NationalStarchUSA), 6gdl-alpha tocopherol is placed in 2200ml water, it is warming up to 46 DEG C, stirring is homogeneous to crystalline dispersion suspension, obtains beta-carotene suspension；By this suspension under nitrogen protection, with ball mill circular grinding 120min, homogenizing, crystal grain is made to pulverize and stable suspersion；This beta-carotene crystalchecked suspension is passed through pipeline heater, heter temperature at 113 DEG C, time 43s, make the more miniaturization of crystal suspension granule, form emulsion, in emulsion, beta-carotene crystal particle diameter is 120nm (D50), after emulsion is cooled to 40 DEG C, adds modified starch 620g, Oligomeric maltose 70g stirs to being completely dissolved, gained LS is dried to dry powder, and final cold water dispersion type beta-carotin microcapsule powder, its content beta-carotene is 12.8%.In water, jitter time is 6s.
Embodiment 3
By 62g lycopene crystal, 5g polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, the mono-glycerol distearate of 3g, 9g mixed tocopherol, 113g modified starch (HiCap100 is provided by NationalStarchUSA) are placed in 1900ml water, it is warming up to 43 DEG C, stirring is homogeneous to crystalline dispersion suspension, obtains lycopene crystal suspension；By this suspension under nitrogen protection, with sand mill circular grinding 120min, homogenizing, crystal grain is made to pulverize and stable suspersion；This lycopene crystalchecked suspension is passed through pipeline heater, heter temperature is at 123 DEG C, time 35s, make the more miniaturization of crystal suspension granule, form emulsion, in emulsion, lycopene crystal particle diameter is 380nm (D50), after emulsion is cooled to 40 DEG C, add modified starch 790g, Oligomeric maltose 170g stirs to being completely dissolved, and gained emulsion adopts centrifugal atomizer to spray in starch bed, and separating starch obtains thick product particle, further dry prepared cold water dispersion type microcapsule granule, its content of lycopene is 5.23%.In water, jitter time is 11s.And product stability is good.
Embodiment 4
By 87g zeaxanthin crystals, 5.4g polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, the mono-glycerol distearate of 3.2g, 9.1g mixed tocopherol, 120g modified starch (HiCap100 is provided by NationalStarchUSA) are placed in 1200ml water, it is warming up to 43 DEG C, stirring is homogeneous to crystalline dispersion suspension, obtains zeaxanthin crystals suspension；By this suspension under nitrogen protection, with sand mill circular grinding 120min, homogenizing, crystal grain is made to pulverize and stable suspersion；This zeaxanthin crystals stable suspension is passed through pipeline heater, heter temperature is at 133 DEG C, time 15s, make the more miniaturization of crystal suspension granule, form emulsion, in emulsion, zeaxanthin crystals particle diameter is 450nm (D50), after emulsion is cooled to 40 DEG C, add modified starch 860g, stirring is to being completely dissolved, and gained emulsion adopts centrifugal atomizer to spray in starch bed, and separating starch obtains thick product particle, further dry prepared cold water dispersion type microcapsule granule, its zeaxanthin is 5.61%.In water, jitter time is 8s.And product stability is good.
Embodiment 5 cold water dispersion type lycopene microcapsule powder accelerated stability test
The cold water dispersion type lycopene microcapsule powder adopting the method for embodiment 3 to prepare, is accelerated test, detects its stability.
Reference " Chinese Pharmacopoeia " 2005 editions, annex XIXC crude drug and pharmaceutical preparation stability test guideline.
Method particularly includes: lycopene microcapsule powder opening is placed in suitable clean container, places 15 days at 60 DEG C, sample every day, detect by stability high spot reviews project content of lycopene.Result is shown in Fig. 1.
As shown in Figure 1, the lycopene microcapsule powder prepared by the method for the present invention 60 DEG C, open containers is placed 15 days, in whole standing time, content of lycopene is substantially free of change, also well keep original (0 day) content after 15 days, the lycopene excellent stability of the method microencapsulation of the present invention is described.
The lycopene high-temperature stability of embodiment 6 cold water dispersion type lycopene microcapsule powder and non-microencapsulation contrasts
Adopt the cold water dispersion type lycopene microcapsule powder (sample 1) of embodiment 3 preparation to carry out high temperature accelerated test with the lycopene (sample 2) of non-microencapsulation, contrast its stability.
Concrete grammar: be placed in surface plate by the two separately sampled 5g of contrast product, is paved into the thick thin layer of 1～2mm, is subsequently placed in 6h in 105 DEG C of hot bellows, measures a content per hour, and result is table 1 such as.
The high-temperature stability contrast of the lycopene of table 1. lycopene microcapsule powder and non-microencapsulation
As shown in Table 1, cold water dispersion type lycopene microcapsule powder (sample 1) prepared by the method for the present invention is after high temperature is placed 6 hours, content of lycopene is substantially free of change, its degradation rate is less than 10%, and in contrast to this, the lycopene of non-microencapsulation is at identical conditions, its content of lycopene significantly reduces, degradation rate reaches more than 50%, and after the method microencapsulation of the lycopene present invention is described, its stability is significantly increased.
Claims (5)
1. one kind does not use the method that organic solvent prepares cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule powder, it is characterised in that completed by following steps:
A) carotenoid crystals is suspended in the aqueous solution containing antioxidant, protective colloid and at least one nonionic emulsifier；
B) the carotenoid crystals suspension that step a) obtains is ground under nitrogen protection, homogenizing, make crystal grain pulverize and stable suspersion；
C) carotenoid crystals of step b) is stablized suspension by firing equipment miniaturization particle, form emulsion；
D) protective colloid and filler being dissolved in step c) gained emulsion and carry out secondary embedding, the powdered granule of dehydrate, described filler is maltodextrin, Oligomeric maltose, monosaccharide or disaccharidase；
Wherein, described nonionic emulsifier is one or more mixture formed with arbitrary proportion in sucrose ester, polyglyceryl fatty acid ester, Polysorbate, single double glyceride；
Heating-up temperature described in step c) is 90～133 DEG C, heat time heating time 2s～60s；
The mass ratio of the nonionic emulsifier described in step a) and carotenoid crystals is 0.01～20:1；
Described protective colloid is one or both mixture formed with arbitrary proportion in arabic gum, modified starch.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described carotenoid crystals is one or more mixture formed with arbitrary proportion in beta-carotene, phylloxanthin, cryptoxanthin, lycopene, astaxanthin, fucoxanthine, kryptoxanthin, capsorubin, cantharides xanthin.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the grinding described in step b) adopts ball mill or sand mill.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the dry employing spray drying described in step d) or spray starch bed fluidized drying.
5. the cold water dispersion type carotenoid micro-capsule powder that prepared by the method as described in any one of Claims 1 to 4.
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