CN103404369A - Method for preparing fruiting fungus bag for oyster mushroom with cornstalk as principal raw material - Google Patents
Method for preparing fruiting fungus bag for oyster mushroom with cornstalk as principal raw material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the novel technical field of cultivation of edible mushrooms, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a fruiting fungus bag for oyster mushroom with a cornstalk as a principal raw material. The method comprises the steps as follows: the pure elongated cornstalk which is not required to be smashed is taken as the principal raw material and cut into segments of 25-30 cm, and the segments are soaked in lime water and fermented; and corncobs, corn husks, corn flour and quick lime are taken as auxiliary materials, the fermented cornstalk segments and the auxiliary materials are bagged, and the fruiting fungus bag for production is prepared through sterilization, inoculation and fungus cultivation. According to the method, the used principal raw material, namely, the cornstalk is not required to be smashed or ground during application and is used integrally, investment for special facilities, and labor and the like which are required when the cornstalk is smashed or ground at ordinary times is reduced; besides, the speed of the hypha is slow when the hypha is transformed into the cornstalk, the transformation period is long, the biotransformation rate is high, and the produced economic benefits are remarkable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of edible fungus culturing new technical field, be specifically related to a kind ofly take maize straw and prepare the method for flat mushroom fruiting bacterium bag as primary raw material.
Technical background
Corn is one of China staple crops, and corn has all been cultivated in all parts of the country.Maize straw after harvesting corn is used as the discarded object major part by on-site incineration always, causes environmental pollution, the wasting of resources.In every the time when autumn turns into winter, maize straw burns contaminated air and often becomes the target of everyone.The pollution that " crop straw burning " causes, perplexed the pollution problem of national atmospheric environment.
Relevant result of laboratory test shows, maize straw contains carbohydrate more than 30%, 2%～4% protein and the fat of 0.5%-1%, and the maize straw net energy for gain of 2kg is equivalent to the corn kernel of 1kg.
As the raw material cultivating white mushroom, it is inexhaustible that raw material is with resourceful maize straw, makes the maize straw development and utilization better of resource enrichment, promotes himself significance very great.
Application number is 200810160005.5 " utilizing the method for maize straw cultivating white mushroom ".This disclosure of the invention utilize the method for maize straw cultivating white mushroom.Specifically comprise the following steps: the first step: dry and clean maize straw is got in the processing of maize straw, and with feed mincer, corn stalk powder being broken into into to fineness is the straw bran of 0.5-1 centimetre, second step: composts or fertilisers of cultivating prepares composts or fertilisers of cultivating and is divided into basestocks and fender, wherein: the preparation method of basestocks is: get 100 parts of maize straw chaffs, urea 0.5-1 part, 16 parts of quicklimes, 200 parts, water, first urea and lime are added to the water, fully stirring and dissolving is sprinkled to after mixing thoroughly in straw bran, bank up 3-5 angel straw bran water content in 60% left and right, make stalk fully softening, being conducive to raw fiber decomposes, and reach the sterilization purpose, during banking up, should keep clean environment, during except outdoor banking up, be rain and snow, do not need to cover, high temperature season is banked up outdoor, and suitably spread out, to reduce moisture in material, amount of urea is got 1 part in the winter time, gets 0.5 part in summer, the preparation of fender: get maize straw chaff 50-100 part, urea 0.5-1 part, 4 parts of superphosphate, 0.2 part of carbendazim, first urea, superphosphate, the spirit of many mattresses are added together in the water of 1.6-1.8 times of maize straw chaff weight and fully whisk and be spread across in straw bran, fully mix thoroughly, bank up half a day, the fender prepared is fully mixed with basestocks, and control pH value between 7-8, the 3rd step: the polyethylene letter bag of long 40-50 centimetre, wide 25-28 centimetre is got in charging, inoculation, first an end of plastics letter bag is tied with rope, at the bottom of bag, first be sprinkled into one deck bacterial classification, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of packing into, limit rim compacting, be filled to 1/3rd, 2/3rds and fill and be sprinkled into respectively one deck bacterial classification, leveling is sturdy, make bacterial classification and material close contact, frap, the bacterial classification consumption is generally 15% of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, the 4th step: after sending out the pack of bacterium fruiting, inoculation, cultivation bag can be removed to sending out a bacterium chamber, pile up and send out a bacterium cultured mycelia at 3-30 ℃, after 15-20 days, cultivation bag be moved into to the mushroom room and be the wall formula and pile up discharge, impel fruiting.
The applied maize straw of technique scheme is all maize straw just need to be used after pulverizing, time-consuming effort again during by corn straw smashing, and need special-purpose facilities and equipment, the application cost of maize straw also improves thus.
Li Yongde, He Yaowu etc. deliver in " planting flat mushroom with maize straw " literary composition, with maize straw, do the direct cultivating white mushroom of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, embodiment is: will not have mouldy dry maize straw to crush with stone roll, then be cut into the long pipe nipple of 1.5-1.8 chi, with the clear water immersion, pull out after 24 hours, slightly drip-dry water, stalk being weighed to 15～20% bacterial classification is sprinkling upon on stalk equably, 20-30 root layer of plastic film, tie up and down with rope, then cultivation, management fruiting.This technical scheme need to crush maize straw with stone roll, and such program is same time-consuming bothersome, and operating efficiency is very low.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to overcome the deficiency of above technology and provide brand-new a kind ofly to take maize straw and prepare the method for flat mushroom fruiting bacterium bag as primary raw material.Specifically comprise: select pure strip maize straw without fragmentation as raw material, maize straw is cut to the sections of long 25～30cm, then soak limewash fermentation; With corncob, rice bran, corn flour, quicklime, as auxiliary material, then after the maize straw sections after fermentation and auxiliary material pack, preparing to produce by sterilizing, inoculation, cultivation, use fruiting bacterium bag.By implementing the present invention, primary raw material used---during the maize straw application, do not need fragmentation and roll, but the use of whole piece, broken or the inputs such as the special facilities equipment that needs while rolling, labour of maize straw have at ordinary times not only been reduced, and mycelia speed is slow when the maize transformation stalk, the cycle is long, so biological transformation ratio is high, the economic benefit produced is very remarkable.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The maize straw of take prepares the method for fruiting bacterium bag as primary raw material, and in technical scheme, be: selecting pure strip maize straw is raw material; Select corncob, rice bran, corn flour, quicklime as auxiliary material; Prepare fruiting bacterium bag.
Specifically comprise the following steps:
When 1, the pure strip maize straw of described selection was raw material, selection and the processing method of raw material were:
(1) raw material is selected: select parch, without going mouldy, the normal pure strip maize straw of color and luster is raw material;
(2) raw material is processed: it is the sections of 30～35cm that maize straw is cut off to length, and then the maize straw sections is immersed in 3% limewash and soaked 18～20 hours, and the moisture that finally the maize straw sections is got and drains on its face is standby;
(3) fermentation: the maize straw sections that will soak limewash banks out, and covers and gets well the fermentation 8～10 days of itching with woven bag.
When 2, described selection corncob, rice bran, corn flour, quicklime are as auxiliary material, the proportioning of auxiliary material and make each method and be:
(1) ratio of adjuvant: select corncob, rice bran, corn flour, quicklime as auxiliary material; Wherein, corncob 72%, rice bran 17%, corn flour 8%, quicklime 2～3%,
(2) preparation method: above-mentioned various raw material mixing and stirring are become to mixed material, then admix the appropriate water content by mixed material and regulate and control to become auxiliary material to 60～65%.
3, described fruiting bacterium packet preparation method is:
(1) pack: selecting specification is that the plastic barrel of 30 * 45～50cm, both sides opening is as the cultivation bag for preparing fruiting bacterium bag, at first with rope, one side sack of plastic barrel tightened and formed a cultivation bag, then execute auxiliary thick layer is the material paving of 2～3cm past cultivation bag bottom even, the maize straw sections of then packing into and fermenting, until by the packed reality of whole cultivation, with the thick stone capping of 2～3cm, cross maize straw sections surface again, finally with rope, the sack of cultivation bag another side is tightened;
(2) sterilizing: as to carry out the cultivation Bag Material installed after material according to a conventional method sterilizing;
(3) inoculation: will move on to transfer room through sterilizing cultivation Bag Material, and under clean environment, good, the free of contamination flat mushroom strain of strain quality all be accessed in two of cultivation Bag Material;
(4) cultivation management: postvaccinal cultivation Bag Material is moved on in culturing room and carries out the cultivation management; During cultivation, keep the culture environment dark, indoor temperature in 60～70% left and right, will keep ventilated in culturing room and air is fresh at 15～30 ℃, relative air humidity simultaneously;
(5) form fruiting bacterium bag: when mycelia is covered with pocket, being cultured to mycelia, to reach physiological ripening existing for producing with fruiting bacterium bag again.
The existing following advantage of the present invention:
1, flat mushroom production proposed by the invention is by the raw materials used measure uniqueness of bacterium bag, and process implementing is simple, easily implements.
2, by implementing the present invention, primary raw material used---maize straw, its contained nutriment is comparatively comprehensive, and resource is very abundant, and raw material is easily organized, and use cost is low.
3, by implementing the present invention, primary raw material used---maize straw, during application, do not need fragmentation and roll, but the use of whole piece, broken and the inputs such as the special facilities equipment that needs while rolling and labour of maize straw have at ordinary times not only been reduced, and mycelia speed is slow when the maize transformation stalk, the transformation period is long, so biological transformation ratio is high.
4, by implementing the present invention, both can transform in a large number the maize straw of lack scope for their abilities, resource enrichment at ordinary times, lengthening manufacturing chain, make the multistage increment of agricultural resources, increases the industry added value, increases farmers' income.
5, by implementing the present invention, as the raw material cultivating white mushroom, it is inexhaustible that raw material is with resourceful maize straw, can make the maize straw development and utilization better of resource enrichment, promotes himself and be worth, and meaning is very great.
6, by implementing the present invention, the economic benefit produced is very remarkable; The fresh flat mushroom that utilizes 1 kilogram of dry maize straw can produce 1～2 kilogram, by 5 yuan of per kilogram marketing fresh prices, the use cost of maize straw is only 0.5 yuan of left and right/kilogram at present, can make a profit 4～9 yuan, utilizes maize straw to produce mushroom, profit is very abundant.
7, by implementing the present invention, be more suitable for flat mushroom batch production, scale, intensive production.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, method of the present invention is further illustrated.
The maize straw of take prepares the method for flat mushroom fruiting bacterium bag as primary raw material, and embodiment is as follows:
1, the selection of raw material and processing method:
(1) raw material is selected: select parch, without going mouldy, the normal pure strip maize straw of color and luster is raw material;
(2) raw material is processed: it is the sections of 30～35cm that maize straw is cut off to length, and then the maize straw sections is immersed in 3% limewash and soaked 18～20 hours, and the moisture that finally the maize straw sections is got and drains on its face is standby;
(3) fermentation: the maize straw sections that will soak limewash banks out, and covers and gets well the fermentation 8～10 days of itching with woven bag.
2, the proportioning of auxiliary material and preparation method:
(1) ratio of adjuvant: select corncob, rice bran, corn flour, quicklime as auxiliary material; Wherein, corncob 72%, rice bran 17%, corn flour 8%, quicklime 2～3%,
(2) preparation method: above-mentioned various raw material mixing and stirring are become to mixed material, then admix the appropriate water content by mixed material and regulate and control to become auxiliary material to 60～65%.
3, the preparation method of fruiting bacterium bag:
(1) pack: selecting specification is that the plastic barrel of 30 * 45～50cm, both sides opening is as the cultivation bag for preparing fruiting bacterium bag, at first with rope, one side sack of plastic barrel tightened and formed a cultivation bag, then execute auxiliary thick layer is the material paving of 2～3cm past cultivation bag bottom even, the maize straw sections of then packing into and fermenting, until by the packed reality of whole cultivation, with the thick stone capping of 2～3cm, cross maize straw sections surface again, finally with rope, the sack of cultivation bag another side is tightened;
(2) sterilizing: as to carry out the cultivation Bag Material installed after material according to a conventional method sterilizing;
(3) inoculation: will move on to transfer room through sterilizing cultivation Bag Material, and under clean environment, good, the free of contamination flat mushroom strain of strain quality all be accessed in two of cultivation Bag Material;
(4) cultivation management: postvaccinal cultivation Bag Material is moved on in culturing room and carries out the cultivation management; During cultivation, keep the culture environment dark, indoor temperature in 60～70% left and right, will keep ventilated in culturing room and air is fresh at 15～30 ℃, relative air humidity simultaneously;
(5) form fruiting bacterium bag: when mycelia is covered with pocket, being cultured to mycelia, to reach physiological ripening existing for producing with fruiting bacterium bag again.
Claims (1)
1. the maize straw of take prepares the method for flat mushroom fruiting bacterium bag as primary raw material, and it is characterized in that: selecting pure strip maize straw is raw material; Select corncob, rice bran, corn flour, quicklime as auxiliary material; Prepare fruiting bacterium bag;
Specifically comprise the following steps:
When the pure strip maize straw of described selection was raw material, selection and the processing method of raw material were:
(1) raw material is selected: select parch, without going mouldy, the normal pure strip maize straw of color and luster is raw material;
(2) raw material is processed: it is the sections of 30～35cm that maize straw is cut off to length, and then the maize straw sections is immersed in 3% limewash and soaked 18～20 hours, and the moisture that finally the maize straw sections is got and drains on its face is standby;
(3) fermentation: the maize straw sections that will soak limewash banks out, and covers and gets well the fermentation 8～10 days of itching with woven bag;
Described selection corncob, rice bran, corn flour, quicklime are during as auxiliary material, and proportioning and the preparation method of auxiliary material are:
(1) ratio of adjuvant: select corncob, rice bran, corn flour, quicklime as auxiliary material; Wherein, corncob 72%, rice bran 17%, corn flour 8%, quicklime 2～3%,
(2) preparation method: above-mentioned various raw material mixing and stirring are become to mixed material, then admix the appropriate water content by mixed material and regulate and control to become auxiliary material to 60～65%;
Described fruiting bacterium packet preparation method is:
(1) pack: selecting specification is that the plastic barrel of 30 * 45～50cm, both sides opening is as the cultivation bag for preparing fruiting bacterium bag, at first with rope, one side sack of plastic barrel tightened and formed a cultivation bag, then execute auxiliary thick layer is the material paving of 2～3cm past cultivation bag bottom even, the maize straw sections of then packing into and fermenting, until by the packed reality of whole cultivation, with the thick stone capping of 2～3cm, cross maize straw sections surface again, finally with rope, the sack of cultivation bag another side is tightened;
(2) sterilizing: as to carry out the cultivation Bag Material installed after material according to a conventional method sterilizing;
(3) inoculation: will move on to transfer room through sterilizing cultivation Bag Material, and under clean environment, good, the free of contamination flat mushroom strain of strain quality all be accessed in two of cultivation Bag Material;
(4) cultivation management: postvaccinal cultivation Bag Material is moved on in culturing room and carries out the cultivation management; During cultivation, keep the culture environment dark, indoor temperature in 60～70% left and right, will keep ventilated in culturing room and air is fresh at 15～30 ℃, relative air humidity simultaneously;
(5) form fruiting bacterium bag: when mycelia is covered with pocket, being cultured to mycelia, to reach physiological ripening existing for producing with fruiting bacterium bag again.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN104402616A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-11 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Oyster mushroom cultivation medium with use of garlic straw and oyster mushroom production method |
| CN104641942A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-05-27 | 象州县科学技术局 | Method for cultivating oyster mushroom on mulberry twigs |
| CN107417319A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-12-01 | 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 | A kind of planting material and cultural method that flat mushroom is cultivated using maize straw |
| CN109076878A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2018-12-25 | 西南林业大学 | A method of bacterium material is discarded with Rhizoma Gastrodiae and corncob is that main bag containing soilless substrate material cultivates oyster mushroom |
| CN111418438A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-17 | 深圳市中懿环境治理有限公司 | Mushroom culture medium and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112136600A (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-12-29 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Oyster mushroom cultivation base material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114365658A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-19 | 华中农业大学 | Mushroom fruiting body model cultivation method |
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| CN112136600A (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-12-29 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Oyster mushroom cultivation base material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111418438A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-17 | 深圳市中懿环境治理有限公司 | Mushroom culture medium and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114365658A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-19 | 华中农业大学 | Mushroom fruiting body model cultivation method |
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