CN103398284B - Liquefied natural gas storage tanks - Google Patents

Liquefied natural gas storage tanks Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103398284B
CN103398284B CN201310207114.9A CN201310207114A CN103398284B CN 103398284 B CN103398284 B CN 103398284B CN 201310207114 A CN201310207114 A CN 201310207114A CN 103398284 B CN103398284 B CN 103398284B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
natural gas
liquefied natural
storage tanks
lng
gas storage
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Application number
CN201310207114.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103398284A (en
Inventor
李正汉
崔廷豪
韩成坤
崔东圭
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hanhua Ocean Co ltd
Original Assignee
Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Co Ltd
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Publication of CN103398284A publication Critical patent/CN103398284A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/043—Localisation of the filling point in the gas
    • F17C2225/044—Localisation of the filling point in the gas at several points, e.g. with a device for recondensing gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
    • F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0178—Arrangement in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0631—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/05—Regasification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/011—Barges
    • F17C2270/0113—Barges floating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0118—Offshore
    • F17C2270/0123—Terminals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a kind of liquefied natural gas storage tanks, in order to store liquefied natural gas.Described liquefied natural gas storage tanks includes: heat insulation wall is resistant to the structure of pressure with having, the described structure being resistant to pressure is that described liquefied natural gas storage tanks is configured with thickness, or reinforces steel construction in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks by adding；And relief valve, it is installed in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks, and be set to: according to the amount of the liquefied natural gas being stored in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks, make the pressure that the tolerance of described relief valve is different, when the pressure in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks exceedes cutoff pressure, described relief valve can be opened.

Description

Liquefied natural gas storage tanks
The application is original application application number 200710097460.0, April 29 2007 applying date, Invention entitled " liquefied natural gas storage tanks and the method using liquefied natural gas to process volatilization gas " Divisional application.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquefied natural gas (Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG) holding vessel, especially Relate to the LNG storage tank of a kind of natural gas that can store liquid condition.
Background technology
Under normal circumstances, by grown place cooled natural gas (Natural Gas, NG) to cryogenic liquid State can produce liquefied natural gas (Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG), and transports by LNG Ship transports it into the destination in a distant place.In destination, through Floating Storage and regasification unit (Floating Storage and Regasification Unit, FSRU) or the port of discharge of land (unloading terminal), can regasify LNG, then be supplied into consumer.
Transport regasifying boats and ships (LNG Regasification Vessel, LNG-RV) by LNG In the case of LNG, LNG-RV inherently can regasify LNG, and without by FSRU or Port of discharge.
Because under being about the low temperature of-163 DEG C and ambient pressure, can with liquefied natural gas, so, if Under ambient pressure, the temperature of LNG is slightly increased and exceedes-163 DEG C, then LNG is likely evaporated.Example As, in the case of LNG cargo ship, although LNG storage tank is configured with thermal insulation structure, the most not Heat may be entirely prevented from and enter LNG via holding vessel, thus transport LNG by LNG cargo ship Period, LNG can constantly be evaporated, and in LNG storage tank generate volatilization gas.
As it has been described above, the pressure when generating volatilization gas in LNG storage tank, in LNG storage tank Will increase, and become dangerous.
Traditionally, in order to keep the pressure in LNG storage tank to store up at stable state, LNG Deposit the volatilization gas generated in tank to be consumed as the fuel advancing LNG ship oceangoing ship.
Steam is produced in the boiler with the steam turbine driven by burning volatilization gas and heavy fuel oil The problem that propulsion system has low propulsive efficiency.
On the other hand, there is double-fuel diesel and be electrically propelled system, it uses the volatilization gas of compression As the fuel of Diesel engine, and this system has higher propelling the than steam turbine propulsion system and imitates Rate.But, owing to be electrically propelled unit and the media speed Diesel engine in system exists complexity Integrated level, can cause in terms of maintenance, there is many difficulties.Additionally, because volatilization gas must quilt Being supplied as fuel, the system uses gas compression method, the method has more compared to liquid compression Expensive initial cost also has higher running cost.
Additionally, use volatilization gas can not reach generally as peculiar to vessel two as the traditional method of fuel The peak efficiency of stroke Slow-speed diesel engines.
Another method be again liquefaction come from LNG tank volatilization gas and return it into this tank In.But, for system, it is necessary to complicated and expensive reliquefaction installation is installed.
Additionally, when the Volatile Gas scale of construction exceedes the capacity of propulsion system or reliquefaction installation, the most required By the gas that the burnings such as gas combustion unit are superfluous.Therefore, it is necessary to install such as gas combustion unit Etc auxiliary unit so that valuable gas by burning and be consumed.
Disclose in early days according to korean patent application No. 2001-0014021, No. 2001-0014033, The technology that No. 2001-0083920, No. 2001-0082235 and No. 2004-0015249 etc. are disclosed, by LNG storage tank is maintained under the high pressure of about 200 bars (bar), and without in LNG storage tank Insulating wall is installed, volatilization gas in LNG storage tank can be suppressed to generate.But, because LNG Holding vessel must have sizable thickness, with the high pressure by firmly about 200 bars, so, there is high system Cause this problem and need additional assembly, such as high pressure compressor.
Summary of the invention
Accordingly, it is considered to propose the present invention to problem above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide A kind of LNG storage tank, in order to keep LNG storage tank in level of security, and waves without individual processing Get angry body.
According to an aspect of the present invention, by providing a kind of LNG storage tank, can reach above and Other purpose, liquefied natural gas storage tanks is in order to store liquefied natural gas, and described liquefied natural gas stores up Deposit tank to be characterised by including: heat insulation wall (thermal insulation wall) is resistant to having The structure of pressure, it is possible to the described structure of proof pressure is for be configured to described liquefied natural gas storage tanks There is thickness, or reinforce steel construction in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks by adding；And peace Full valve, is installed in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks, and is set to: according to being stored in The amount of the liquefied natural gas in liquefied natural gas storage tanks, makes the pressure that the tolerance of described relief valve is different, When the pressure in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks exceedes predetermined pressure, described relief valve can be opened.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the tolerance of described liquefied natural gas storage tanks is less than or equal to 0.25 The pressure of bar.
According to an aspect of the present invention, according to the liquid being stored in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks Changing the amount of natural gas, described structure tolerates the pressure of 0.4 to 2 bar.
According to an aspect of the present invention, according to the liquid being stored in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks Changing the amount of natural gas, the internal pressure of described liquefied natural gas storage tanks can increase to 0.7 bar, and institute State insulating wall and tolerate the pressure of described 0.7 bar.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the described liquefied natural gas storage tanks including described relief valve is It is installed in lng regas boats and ships (LNG-RV), described lng regas boats and ships Including: it is arranged to the liquefied natural gas being stored in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks is carried out gas again The unit changed.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the described liquefied natural gas storage tanks including described relief valve is It is installed in Floating Storage and regasification unit (LNG-FSRU), described Floating Storage and again gas Change unit to include: be arranged to enter the liquefied natural gas being stored in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks The unit that row regasifies.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the described liquefied natural gas storage tanks including described relief valve is It is installed in liquified natural gas carrier (LNGC) (LNG carrier).
According to an aspect of the present invention, when the described liquefaction being stored in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks Volatilization gas that natural gas is evaporated and produces, it is discharged to outside described liquefied natural gas storage tanks During portion, the amount of the described liquefied natural gas being stored in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks can reduce.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the present invention's Technological means, and can be practiced according to the content of description, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention And after coordinating accompanying drawing to describe in detail such as.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is according to the present invention, and the heat in the LNG storage tank of LNG cargo ship enters and heat The schematic diagram of the principle absorbed.
Fig. 2 is the example embodiment according to the present invention, for the showing of LNG storage tank of LNG cargo ship It is intended to.
Fig. 3 is according to the present invention, by the LNG storage tank of employing LNG cargo ship, at port of discharge The schematic diagram of LNG discharging method.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, describe the example embodiment of the present invention in detail.
The LNG storage tank of the present invention is for LNG cargo ship, Floating Storage and regasification unit (Floating Storage and Regasification Unit, FSRU), the port of discharge of land and LNG regasifies boats and ships (LNG Regasification Vessel, LNG-RV) etc..
Hereinafter, will describe using the LNG storage tank of LNG cargo ship as example.
Fig. 1 is according to the present invention, and the heat in the LNG storage tank of LNG cargo ship enters and heat The schematic diagram of the principle absorbed.In the prior art, for the pressure of LNG storage tank of LNG cargo ship Power is maintained at predetermined scope, so that the most of heat entering LNG storage tank is used for generating Volatilization gas, and all volatilization gas should be processed in LNG cargo ship.On the other hand, according to The present invention, the LNG storage tank for LNG cargo ship is configured to allow for increasing wherein pressure so that Saturation temperature is increased to great majority and enters heat and be stored in tank the LNG of big thermal capacity and natural Gas (Natural Gas, NG) steam is absorbed, thus the significant generation decreasing volatilization gas.Such as, root According to example embodiment, when the pressure of LNG storage tank of LNG cargo ship is from the initial pressure of 0.06 bar When becoming 0.7 bar, saturation temperature adds about 6 DEG C.
Fig. 2 is the example embodiment according to the present invention, for the LNG storage tank of LNG cargo ship Schematic diagram.LNG storage tank 1 for LNG cargo ship includes the insulating wall being configured thereon that, and Point of departure when LNG is loaded into LNG production harbour, has about 0.06 bar (gauge pressure) Internal pressure.Then, because during the navigation of LNG cargo ship, will be raw in LNG storage tank Become volatilization gas, so the pressure in LNG storage tank can be gradually increased.Such as, giving birth to as LNG When the place of product LNG is loaded in the LNG storage tank 1 of LNG cargo ship, LNG storage tank 1 There is the internal pressure of 0.06 bar, and after the navigation of about 15 to 20 days, when LNG transports When defeated ship arrives at, the internal pressure of LNG storage tank 1 can increase to 0.7 bar (table meter pressure Power).
According to the present invention, the LNG storage tank 1 for LNG cargo ship includes insulating wall, and is setting Timing increases in view of the pressure caused by generating due to volatilization gas, say, that have enough Intensity is to be increased by living the pressure caused owing to volatilization gas generates.Therefore, in LNG storage tank 1 The volatilization gas generated is accumulated in wherein, and appoints without consuming during the navigation of LNG cargo ship What volatilization gas or extract any volatilization gas from LNG tank.
Such as, according to embodiments of the present invention, the LNG storage tank 1 for LNG cargo ship includes absolutely Edge wall, and preferably there is the structure of the hard to bear firmly pressure of 0.4 to 2 bar (gauge pressure) of energy, more Preferably there is the structure of the hard to bear firmly pressure of 0.6 to 1.5 bar (gauge pressure) of energy.By storing Tank 1 is configured with high thickness, or by reinforcing steel construction in wherein need not be significant by adding Change design and the structure of tradition LNG storage tank, be used for the tradition of LNG cargo ship with suitable reinforcing LNG storage tank, the LNG storage tank 1 of the present invention can implement fully, so from being manufactured into Original consideration is very economical.
In the related, there is traditional LNG of heat insulation (heat dissipation) wall being configured on holding vessel The LNG storage tank of cargo ship is known, and this correlation technique is described below.In FIG, the most aobvious Show heat insulation wall.
First, the LNG storage tank for LNG cargo ship can be divided into stand alone type tank and diaphragm type Tank.The classification of LNG storage tank is whether to directly act on thermal insulation layer based on the goods loaded to carry out , and hereinafter will be explained in.
In following table 1, when Gaz Transport (GT) company and Technigaz (TGZ) are public Take charge of when being renamed as GTT (Gaz Transport&Technigaz) company in 1999, GTT No.96-2 And GTT Mark III is renamed by GT and TGZ respectively.
Table 1
U.S. Patent No. 6035795, No. 6378722 and No. 5586513, United States Patent (USP) is published No. 2003-0000949, Korean Patent Early Publication announces No. 2000-0011347 and Among 2000-0011346 etc., GT type and TGT type tank are disclosed.
Korean Patent No. 499710 and No. 064217 disclose the heat implemented according to other principle absolutely Edge wall.
Thus, the traditional LNG storage tank for LNG cargo ship has many various forms heat insulations Wall, all these LNG storage tank are designed to suppress volatilization gas to generate as far as possible.
Present invention could apply to the LNG storage tank of tradition LNG cargo ship, as it has been described above, this biography The LNG storage tank of system has various forms heat insulation wall.Great majority are for the tradition of LNG cargo ship LNG storage tank be configured to hard to bear live 0.25 bar or less pressure, and allow at LNG The volatilization gas generated in holding vessel can be consumed as the fuel of propulsion system, or by liquid again Change the pressure to keep LNG storage tank at 0.2 bar or less, and when the pressure of holding vessel increases to During more than 0.25 bar, then discharge volatilization gas via relief valve.
Additionally, be configured to by reducing local temperature and pressure increasing according to the LNG storage tank of the present invention Add, to reduce LNG tank pressure.By from the upper part of LNG storage tank towards under LNG storage tank Face partial syringe has the volatilization gas of higher temperature, and by from the lower part of LNG storage tank Towards the upper part injection LNG of the LNG storage tank with higher temperature, can be by LNG storage tank It is maintained at uniform Temperature Distribution.
In fig. 2, LNG storage tank 1 has LNG pump 11 and the volatilization gas being located below part Injection nozzle 21, and there is LNG ejector 13 and the volatilization gas compressor of part located above 23.By volatilization gas compressor 23, the upper part of LNG storage tank 1 has higher temperature Volatilization gas, via being positioned at the lower sections of volatilization gas ozzle 21 of LNG storage tank 1, is injected into The lower part of LNG storage tank 1.Therefore, by LNG pump 11, below LNG storage tank 1 The LNG in part with lower temperature can be via the upper part being positioned at LNG storage tank 1 LNG ejector 13, the upper part towards LNG storage tank 1 sprays.As a result, LNG storage tank 1 Temperature Distribution can keep uniform, which reduce volatilization gas generate.
In addition, when LNG is under supercooled state, it is loaded into LNG fortune at the production harbour producing LNG In defeated ship, then during LNG transports destination, it is possible to reduce volatilization gas further and generate.For Prevent under supercooled state, after producing harbour and loading LNG, for the LNG of LNG cargo ship The pressure of holding vessel is reduced to negative pressure (0 physical atmosphere (atm) or less), can be at LNG The Steam area of holding vessel is filled with nitrogen.
Then, according to the present invention, volatilization is processed by describing the LNG storage tank using LNG cargo ship The method of gas.
During LNG cargo ship navigates by water, allow due to heat according to the LNG storage tank 1 of the present invention The pressure in LNG storage tank 1 caused by entrance and volatilization gas generation increases, and without processing Volatilization gas, thus the heat that great majority enter LNG tank can be absorbed as in LNG storage tank 1 The internal energy of LNG and NG steam, so, increase LNG corresponding to by increasing internal energy For saturation pressure during temperature, LNG tank pressure only increases sub-fraction.Then, LNG is worked as When cargo ship arrives at the destination, the volatilization gas being accumulated in LNG storage tank will be located at port of discharge Reason.
Fig. 3 is the example embodiment according to the present invention, by using the LNG of LNG cargo ship to store Tank, processes the structural representation of volatilization gas at port of discharge.
Port of discharge has been mounted multiple LNG storage tank 2, multiple compressor 3, after-condenser 4, height Pressure LNG pump p and vaporizer 5.
When LNG is unloaded into the LNG storage tank of port of discharge from the LNG storage tank of LNG cargo ship Time, because the pressure of the LNG storage tank of LNG cargo ship is higher than the LNG storage tank of port of discharge Pressure, therefore have the LNG of higher pressure can be flowed into the LNG storage tank of port of discharge, based on more than Reason, can with amount of production outside volatilization gas.
The volatilization gas generated carries out multistage pressure at port of discharge by the high pressure mode of compressor 3 After contracting, consumer will be supplied to.Here, by the low-voltage of compressor 3 and waving of being compressed Get angry body, after being re-condensed by after-condenser 4 and evaporated, consumer can be supplied to.
LNG in the LNG storage tank 1 of LNG cargo ship can be supplied directly into after-condenser 4 rather than be provided to the LNG storage tank 2 of port of discharge, owing to the pressure of LNG is higher than port of discharge The pressure of the LNG storage tank of mouth, from without generating volatilization gas.
On the other hand, if after-condenser is not mounted within port of discharge, then LNG can direct quilt It is fed to the attraction side of high-pressure pump p.
As it has been described above, in the case of multiple LNG storage tank 2 are installed in port of discharge, work as LNG When being sent to multiple LNG storage tank 2 of port of discharge, owing to the volatilization gas of generation is dispersed In multiple LNG storage tank 2, so in each LNG storage tank 2, Volatile Gas can be minimized The generation of body, thus at port of discharge, volatilization gas can be accumulated in each LNG storage tank 2.
Additionally, according to the present invention, because the LNG storage tank of LNG cargo ship is to set higher than existing Operation under meter pressure, it is possible to omit volatilization gas or the process of NG steam of filling, and This process is by LNG when LNG cargo ship is unloaded to port of discharge, because at LNG cargo ship LNG tank generates flash gas (flash gas), in order to keep the LNG storage tank of LNG cargo ship Internal pressure required for process.
If additionally, improvement traditional LNG storage tank of port of discharge or Floating Storage and again gas Change unit (Floating Storage and Regasificaton Unit, FSRU) or LNG regasifies ship Oceangoing ship (LNG regasification vessel, LNG-RV), or set up the LNG storage of new port of discharge Deposit tank or Floating Storage and regasification unit (FSRU) or LNG regasifies boats and ships (LNG-RV) so that the pressure store of LNG storage tank is corresponding to the LNG cargo ship according to the present invention The pressure of LNG storage tank, then owing to LNG is being unloaded to any one from the unloading of LNG cargo ship During the LNG storage tank of goods harbour or FSRV or LNG-RV, do not generate extra shwoot Gas, it is possible to be applied to existing Unloading Technology in these LNG storage tank.
According to traditional operational approach, the great majority volatilization generated in the LNG storage tank of LNG cargo ship Fuel as propulsion system is consumed by gas, or by re-liquefied to reduce LNG storage tank Pressure.But, according to the present invention, because by consuming or re-liquefied to keep LNG cargo ship The pressure of LNG storage tank, only reduce capacity or part volatilization gas, it is possible to by this Bright it is applied to traditional LNG cargo ship, to be used as propellant by volatilization gas or there is ship Upper re-liquefied system.
According to the present invention, because can improve during transport LNG, LNG storage tank pressure is maintained Limit, so the application of the present invention is not limited to do not have any evaporation gas treating apparatus to operate LNG fortune The situation of defeated ship, its traditional LNG cargo ship that can also be applied to there is evaporation gas treating apparatus.
The storage of LNG-FSRU (Floating Storage and regasification unit) is constructed if based on the present invention Deposit tank, then the volatilization gas management for LNG-FSRU can have more motility, and can not Need condensing unit again.
According to the present invention, LNG-RV can have the above-mentioned excellent of LNG cargo ship and LNG-FSRU Point.
From the above, it can be seen that according to the present invention, in the case of LNG cargo ship, during navigating by water, wave Body of getting angry can be accumulated in the pressure being designed as withstanding the increase caused owing to volatilization gas generates Among LNG storage tank, and when unloading, the volatilization gas of this accumulation can be processed at port of discharge.This Sample, has more elasticity when selecting propulsion system, and can make by the independence of propulsion system be System simplifies.
Additionally, according to the present invention, in the case of LNG cargo ship, it is not necessary to use for volatilization gas Various compositions (such as boiler/steam turbine, reliquefaction installation, the gasoline of relevant device and propulsion system Electromotor, compressor etc. for fuel gas supply), and these various compositions are to process volatilization gas Prior art required for.Additionally, in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to by peculiar to vessel for general for high efficiency purpose Electromotor is as propulsion system.
Additionally, in the case of LNG cargo ship, the LNG storage tank of the present invention can be highly effective Ground is used together with the existing system or reliquefaction installation that process volatilization gas.More specifically, i.e. Make to exceed the capacity of propulsion system or reliquefaction installation, superfluous Volatile Gas at the volatilization gas generated Body can be saved in LNG storage tank, and without being consumed by burning.Whereby, Ke Yi In the operation of LNG cargo ship cost-effective.
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention not makees any form On restriction, although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but is not limited to this Bright, any those skilled in the art, in the range of without departing from technical solution of the present invention, when can The structure and the technology contents that utilize the disclosure above make a little equivalence changing or being modified to equivalent variations Embodiment, but every content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to the technical spirit of the present invention Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification being made above example, all still falls within skill of the present invention In the range of art scheme.

Claims (8)

1. a liquefied natural gas storage tanks, in order to store liquefied natural gas, described liquefied natural gas stores up Deposit tank to be characterised by including:
Heat insulation wall is resistant to the structure of pressure with having, it is possible to the described structure of proof pressure is will Described liquefied natural gas storage tanks is configured with thickness, or reinforces steel construction in described by adding In liquefied natural gas storage tanks；And
Relief valve, is installed in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks, and is set to: according to being stored The amount of the liquefied natural gas in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks, makes the tolerance of described relief valve different Pressure, when the pressure in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks exceedes predetermined pressure, described relief valve Can open.
Liquefied natural gas storage tanks the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The tolerance of described liquefied natural gas storage tanks is less than or equal to the pressure of 0.25 bar.
Liquefied natural gas storage tanks the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
According to the amount of the liquefied natural gas being stored in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks, described structure Tolerate the pressure of 0.4 to 2 bar.
Liquefied natural gas storage tanks the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
According to the amount of the liquefied natural gas being stored in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks, described liquefaction The internal pressure of natural gas storage tanks increases to 0.7 bar, and described insulating wall is resistant to described 0.7 bar Pressure.
Liquefied natural gas storage tanks the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described liquefied natural gas storage tanks including described relief valve is to be installed in liquefied natural gas gas again Change boats and ships,
Described lng regas boats and ships include: be arranged to be stored in described liquefied natural gas Liquefied natural gas in holding vessel carries out the unit regasified.
Liquefied natural gas storage tanks the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It is to be installed in Floating Storage and again including the described liquefied natural gas storage tanks of described relief valve Gasification unit,
Described Floating Storage and regasification unit include: be arranged to being stored in described liquefaction natural Liquefied natural gas in gas holding vessel carries out the unit regasified.
Liquefied natural gas storage tanks the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described liquefied natural gas storage tanks including described relief valve is to be installed in liquefied natural gas transport Ship.
Liquefied natural gas storage tanks the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It is evaporated when the described liquefied natural gas being stored in described liquefied natural gas storage tanks and produces Volatilization gas, when being discharged to described liquefied natural gas storage tanks outside, it is stored in described liquefaction sky So the amount of the described liquefied natural gas of gas holding vessel can reduce.
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EP1956287A2 (en) 2008-08-13
KR100805022B1 (en) 2008-02-20
CN103398284A (en) 2013-11-20
CN101245893B (en) 2010-06-02
CN101245892A (en) 2008-08-20
CN101245897A (en) 2008-08-20
EP1956287A3 (en) 2015-12-09
JP2010261595A (en) 2010-11-18
CN101245892B (en) 2014-09-24
JP2008196682A (en) 2008-08-28
CN101245893A (en) 2008-08-20
CN101245897B (en) 2010-06-02

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