CN103394550A - Non-contact straightening point confirming method for straightness of rectangular-section long-rail work piece - Google Patents
Non-contact straightening point confirming method for straightness of rectangular-section long-rail work piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN103394550A CN103394550A CN2013103274494A CN201310327449A CN103394550A CN 103394550 A CN103394550 A CN 103394550A CN 2013103274494 A CN2013103274494 A CN 2013103274494A CN 201310327449 A CN201310327449 A CN 201310327449A CN 103394550 A CN103394550 A CN 103394550A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a non-contact straightening point confirming method for the straightness of a rectangular-section long-rail work piece and belongs to a curvature measuring and straightening point confirming method. A point laser is used for measuring data of the straightness of the surface of the long-rail work piece, and then the collected data are processed and calculated in a sagitta mode to form the required compression point position and the supporting point position. The non-contact straightening point confirming method has the advantages of achieving full-automatic measurement and calculation of the whole straightness and the partial straightness of the long-rail work piece on a straightening machine, confirming the points needing to be straightened, achieving measurement on the long-rail work piece and being simple and applicable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the non-contact measurement method for the long track workpiece linearity of square-section, mainly propose a kind of flexibility measurement and alignment point and determine method, be applied to long track whole workpiece and the local measurement of factory's straightener.
Background technology
At present, during the long track workpiece of the alignment square-section of domestic straightener, to the measurement of the long track workpiece linearity more than 3 meters, mainly adopt and with clearance gauge, measure each local flexibility on the standard flat platen, thereby know the method for linearity of the integral body of long track workpiece.The operator, according to the clearance gauge that uses different-thickness, measures each local high spot by rule of thumb, then on forcing press, the height point is carried out to alignment.Because long track workpiece is long, on long track workpiece, there will be the many places bending, and degree of crook, span is not identical, so that this method requires the operator is high, and certainty of measurement is very low, and current some alignment often appearred, and other put the overproof situation that goes wrong.Long track workpiece of alignment is consuming time very long.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the contactless alignment point of a kind of square-section long track workpiece linearity and determine method, low to solve the hand dipping precision, measuring speed is slow, needs the gauger to have the problem of a large amount of practical experiences.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is: comprise the following steps:
(1), tested long track workpiece is installed on workbench by left clamping device, right clamping device, this moment, this workbench was positioned at the rightmost side of straightener, described left clamping device, right clamping device are fixedly connected with workbench, this workbench and straightener are slidably connected, the point laser sensor is positioned at the middle part of straightener and contour with tested long track workpiece, and motor is fixedly connected with left clamping device;
Mobile working platform is to the leftmost side of straightener, and long track workpiece also moves to the leftmost side thereupon; In moving process, the some laser sensor is measured the bending change that long track workpiece should surface, and the primitive curve of long this face of track workpiece of record formation;
(2), calculate first derivative curve and the second dervative curve of each position of the primitive curve of this long this face of track workpiece, and to mark two kinds of curves be zero position, first derivative is that zero point is exactly compression point, second dervative is that zero point is exactly fulcrum;
(3), determine compression point projection or recessed, and definite camber,
If protruding, and camber is greater than setting value, and we just determine below current that two fulcrums must be arranged so, and the above has a compression point; If recessed, and camber is greater than setting value, and we just determine, above long track workpiece, two fulcrums are arranged, and a compression point is below arranged; From the curve left end, repeat to find projection and the recessed curve of curve, determine successively position of the fulcrum and compression point position that all projections and recessed curve need;
(4), then mobile working platform is got back to original position, should long track workpiece 90-degree rotation, the another one that long track workpiece need to be measured is facing to a laser sensor, and mobile working platform is to the leftmost side of straightener, and long track workpiece also moves to the leftmost side thereupon; In moving process, the some laser sensor is measured the bending change that long track workpiece should surface, and the primitive curve of long this face of track workpiece of record formation;
Repeating step (two) and (three), just can determine position of the fulcrum and the compression point position of long track workpiece another one face;
(5), the data of the camber data of these two faces and compression point and fulcrum are passed to straightener, for it in alignment.
Asking for the decision method of compression point of the middle first derivative of step of the present invention (two) is as follows:
If the point of long this face primitive curve of track workpiece is evenly to gather N point every the Δ t time, h1, h2, h3 ... hn point, so to the time differentiate, can draw N-1 point, i.e. (h2-h1)/Δ t, (h3-h2)/Δ t ... (hn-h(n-1))/Δ t, form the first derivative curve of long track workpiece, judge successively from left to right each point of this first derivative curve, if the first derivative curve data point is just being become or by just becoming negative by negative, this point is that first derivative is zero point, and this point is namely a compression point of long track workpiece.
Asking for the decision method of fulcrum of the middle second dervative of step of the present invention (two) is as follows:
point to long track workpiece first derivative curve, every the Δ t time, evenly gather N point, I1, I2, I3 ... In point, to the time differentiate, can draw N-1 point, i.e. (I2-I1)/Δ t, (I3-I2)/Δ t ... (In-I(n-1))/Δ t, form the second dervative curve of long track workpiece, judge successively from left to right each point of this second dervative curve, if the second dervative curve data point is just being become or by just becoming negative by negative, this point is that second dervative is zero point, this point is namely the fulcrum in the middle of long track workpiece, add two fulcrums of the long track workpiece leftmost side and the rightmost side, all fulcrums of long track workpiece have just been formed.
In step of the present invention (three) camber ask for the method for the judgement of concavity as follows:
Round the part of the long track workpiece of bar primitive curve, the Far Left of this part curve is that the right side of a fulcrum, curve is another adjacent fulcrum,
y0=(y1+y3)/2；
E=y0-y2；
Y0, y1, y2, y3 are the ordinate values of the point on curve, and E is camber, and M is the qualified amount of setting camber;
If | E| > M, this point is the compression point that needs;
If E > 0, this point curve is recessed so;
If E<0, this point curve is protruding so.
The invention has the advantages that all automatic measurement that can realize the long track whole workpiece on straightener and local linearity calculates, and determine that those points can carry out alignment, sensor adopts 1 some laser sensor to carry out noncontact measurement to the movement of long track workpiece, systematic error and the cumulative errors of mechanical measurement have been overcome, not only being suitable for traditional planar tracks and measuring, is also well-adapted for the orbit measurement of special shape; Data processing method after laser measurement is general, is suitable for very much computer and carries out the processing of corresponding data.By the movement of control track straightener workbench and the rotation of left and right clamping device, can realize the measurement of long track workpiece, and the quantity of sensor only has 1, when reducing costs, realized two working face total lengths of long track workpiece and local straight line degree measurement, method is simply applicable.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is scheme of installation of the present invention, and in figure, long track workpiece is positioned at an original position on laser sensor right side, figure mid point laser sensor 1, motor 2, left clamping device 3, workbench 4, long track workpiece 5, right clamping device 6;
Fig. 2 is the end position of the long track workpiece movable of the present invention to some laser sensor left side;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the present invention when putting laser sensor long track workpiece being measured;
Fig. 4 is the long track workpiece of the present invention primitive curve figure;
Fig. 5 is the long track workpiece of the present invention first derivation curve map;
Fig. 6 is the long track workpiece of the present invention second order differentiate curve map;
Fig. 7 is near convex-concave and the camber judgement schematic diagram of the altitude curve long track workpiece of the present invention compression point, and in figure, laser beam 7;
Fig. 8 is the curve map that the long track workpiece of the present invention defines fulcrum and compression point.
The specific embodiment
(1), tested long track workpiece 5 is installed on workbench 4 by left clamping device 3, right clamping device 6, this moment, this workbench was positioned at the rightmost side of straightener, described left clamping device 3, right clamping device 6 are fixedly connected with workbench 4, this workbench and straightener are slidably connected, point laser sensor 1 is positioned at the middle part of straightener and contour with tested long track workpiece, and motor 2 is fixedly connected with left clamping device;
Mobile working platform is to the leftmost side of straightener, and long track workpiece also moves to the leftmost side thereupon; In moving process, the some laser sensor is measured the bending change that long track workpiece should surface, and the primitive curve of long this face of track workpiece of record formation, as shown in Figure 4;
(2), calculate first derivative curve and the second dervative curve of each position of the primitive curve of this long this face of track workpiece, and to mark two kinds of curves be zero position, first derivative is that zero point is exactly compression point, second dervative is that zero point is exactly fulcrum;
Asking for the decision method of compression point of described first derivative is as follows:
if the point of long this face primitive curve of track workpiece is evenly to gather N point every the Δ t time, h1, h2, h3 ... hn point, so to the time differentiate, can draw N-1 point, i.e. (h2-h1)/Δ t, (h3-h2)/Δ t ... (hn-h(n-1))/Δ t, form the first derivative curve of long track workpiece, as shown in Figure 5, judge successively from left to right each point of this first derivative curve, if the first derivative curve data point is just being become or by just becoming negative by negative, this point is that first derivative is zero point, this point is namely a compression point of long track workpiece, as the compression point 1 on Fig. 5,
Asking for the decision method of fulcrum of described second dervative is as follows:
point to long track workpiece first derivative curve, every the Δ t time, evenly gather N point, I1, I2, I3 ... In point, to the time differentiate, can draw N-1 point, i.e. (I2-I1)/Δ t, (I3-I2)/Δ t ... (In-I(n-1))/Δ t, form the second dervative curve of long track workpiece, as shown in Figure 6, judge successively from left to right each point of this second dervative curve, if the second dervative curve data point is just being become or by just becoming negative by negative, this point is that second dervative is zero point, this point is namely the fulcrum in the middle of long track workpiece, add two fulcrums of the long track workpiece leftmost side and the rightmost side, all fulcrums of long track workpiece have just been formed, as fulcrum B,
(3), determine compression point projection or recessed, and definite camber,
Asking for the method for the judgement of concavity of described camber is as follows:
Round the part of the long track workpiece of bar primitive curve, the Far Left of this part curve is that the right side of a fulcrum, curve is another adjacent fulcrum, as shown in Figure 7:
y0=(y1+y3)/2；
E=y0-y2；
Y0, y1, y2, y3 are the ordinate values of the point on curve, and E is camber, and M is the qualified amount of setting camber;
If | E| > M, this point is the compression point that needs;
If E > 0, this point curve is recessed so;
If E<0, this point curve is protruding so;
If protruding, and camber is greater than setting value, and we just determine below current that two fulcrums must be arranged so, and the above has a compression point; If recessed, and camber is greater than setting value, and we just determine, above long track workpiece, two fulcrums are arranged, and a compression point is below arranged; From the curve left end, repeat to find projection and the recessed curve of curve, determine successively position of the fulcrum and compression point position that all projections and recessed curve need, as shown in Figure 8;
(4), then mobile working platform is got back to original position, should long track workpiece 90-degree rotation, the another one that long track workpiece need to be measured is facing to a laser sensor, and mobile working platform is to the leftmost side of straightener, and long track workpiece also moves to the leftmost side thereupon; In moving process, the some laser sensor is measured the bending change that long track workpiece should surface, and the primitive curve of long this face of track workpiece of record formation;
Repeating step (two) and (three), just can determine position of the fulcrum and the compression point position of long track workpiece another one face;
(5), the data of the camber data of these two faces and compression point and fulcrum are passed to straightener, for it in alignment.
Claims (4)
1. the contactless alignment point of square-section long track workpiece linearity is determined method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1), tested long track workpiece is installed on workbench by left clamping device, right clamping device, this moment, this workbench was positioned at the rightmost side of straightener, described left clamping device, right clamping device are fixedly connected with workbench, this workbench and straightener are slidably connected, the point laser sensor is positioned at the middle part of straightener and contour with tested long track workpiece, and motor is fixedly connected with left clamping device;
Mobile working platform is to the leftmost side of straightener, and long track workpiece also moves to the leftmost side thereupon; In moving process, the some laser sensor is measured the bending change that long track workpiece should surface, and the primitive curve of long this face of track workpiece of record formation;
(2), calculate first derivative curve and the second dervative curve of each position of the primitive curve of this long this face of track workpiece, and to mark two kinds of curves be zero position, first derivative is that zero point is exactly compression point, second dervative is that zero point is exactly fulcrum;
(3), determine compression point projection or recessed, and definite camber,
If protruding, and camber is greater than setting value, and we just determine below current that two fulcrums must be arranged so, and the above has a compression point; If recessed, and camber is greater than setting value, and we just determine, above long track workpiece, two fulcrums are arranged, and a compression point is below arranged; From the curve left end, repeat to find projection and the recessed curve of curve, determine successively position of the fulcrum and compression point position that all projections and recessed curve need;
(4), then mobile working platform is got back to original position, should long track workpiece 90-degree rotation, the another one that long track workpiece need to be measured is facing to a laser sensor, and mobile working platform is to the leftmost side of straightener, and long track workpiece also moves to the leftmost side thereupon; In moving process, the some laser sensor is measured the bending change that long track workpiece should surface, and the primitive curve of long this face of track workpiece of record formation;
Repeating step (two) and (three), just can determine position of the fulcrum and the compression point position of long track workpiece another one face;
(5), the data of the camber data of these two faces and compression point and fulcrum are passed to straightener, for it in alignment.
2. the contactless alignment point of the long track workpiece in square-section linearity is determined method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: asking for the decision method of compression point of the middle first derivative of step (two) is as follows:
If the point of long this face primitive curve of track workpiece is evenly to gather N point every the Δ t time, h1, h2, h3 ... hn point, so to the time differentiate, can draw N-1 point, i.e. (h2-h1)/Δ t, (h3-h2)/Δ t ... (hn-h(n-1))/Δ t, form the first derivative curve of long track workpiece, judge successively from left to right each point of this first derivative curve, if the first derivative curve data point is just being become or by just becoming negative by negative, this point is that first derivative is zero point, and this point is namely a compression point of long track workpiece.
3. the contactless alignment point of the long track workpiece in square-section linearity is determined method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: asking for the decision method of fulcrum of the middle second dervative of step (two) is as follows:
point to long track workpiece first derivative curve, every the Δ t time, evenly gather N point, I1, I2, I3 ... In point, to the time differentiate, can draw N-1 point, i.e. (I2-I1)/Δ t, (I3-I2)/Δ t ... (In-I(n-1))/Δ t, form the second dervative curve of long track workpiece, judge successively from left to right each point of this second dervative curve, if the second dervative curve data point is just being become or by just becoming negative by negative, this point is that second dervative is zero point, this point is namely the fulcrum in the middle of long track workpiece, add two fulcrums of the long track workpiece leftmost side and the rightmost side, all fulcrums of long track workpiece have just been formed.
4. the contactless alignment point of the long track workpiece in square-section linearity is determined to it is characterized in that method according to claim 1: in step (three) camber ask for the method for the judgement of concavity as follows:
Round the part of the long track workpiece of bar primitive curve, the Far Left of this part curve is that the right side of a fulcrum, curve is another adjacent fulcrum,
y0=(y1+y3)/2；
E=y0-y2；
Y0, y1, y2, y3 are the ordinate values of the point on curve, and E is camber, and M is the qualified amount of setting camber;
If | E| > M, this point is the compression point that needs;
If E > 0, this point curve is recessed so;
If E<0, this point curve is protruding so.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104014613A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-09-03 | 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 | Non-contact laser online detection bar straightness mechanism and detection method |
| CN107127225A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-09-05 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of elevator based on experts database technology is led from dynamic rail method for aligning |
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Application publication date: 20131120 |