CN103344926B - A kind of magnetoelectric material magnetic performance synchronous testing device - Google Patents
A kind of magnetoelectric material magnetic performance synchronous testing device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of magnetoelectric material magnetic performance synchronous testing device, relates to the test of magnetoelectric material.Be provided with electromagnet, direct supply, signal generator, radome, helmholtz coil, lock-in amplifier, hall probe, detecting coil, fluxmeter, gaussmeter, foil gauge, strainmeter, data collector, computing machine, helmholtz coil is placed in the magnetic gap of electromagnet, signal generator output terminal is connected with lock-in amplifier input end, the magnetoelectricity signal output part of sample connects lock-in amplifier input interface, lock-in amplifier exports termination data collector input end, gaussmeter exports termination data collector input end, fluxmeter exports termination data collector input end, strainmeter is connected with data collector input end, hall probe is positioned near sample, hall probe access gaussmeter, detecting coil is wrapped in around sample, detecting coil exports termination fluxmeter input end, foil gauge is attached to the surface of sample, foil gauge is connected with strainmeter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the test of magnetoelectric material, especially relate to a kind of magnetoelectric material magnetic performance synchronous testing device.
Background technology
Magnetic hysteresis loop is the change curve of magnetic induction density with magnetic field of material, and when hysteresis effect refers to that magnetizing the ferromagnet outside magnetic field reached capacity reduces, magnetic hysteresis loop can not return and occur delayed phenomenon in former road.Due to domain structure and its mode of motion difference thereof of different materials, therefore hysteresis effect is also different.According to the magnetic hysteresis loop shape of material, material can be divided into soft magnetic material, hard magnetic material, rectangular hysteresis material etc.Magnetic hysteresis loop reflects the macroscopic magnetization behavior of magnetic material, is the most basic magnetic performance curve.
Magnetostrictive effect can align under the magnetic domain outside magnetic field effect due to ferromagnetics, causes the physical influence of ferromagnet macro length and volume generation subtle change.The change of length is called linear magnetostriction effect, and the change of volume is called volume magnetostrictive effect.Usually linear magnetostriction effect referred to as magnetostrictive effect.Magnetostrictive effect is the result of magnetic field and the field of force effect of intercoupling in material, all ubiquity in institute's magnetic material, is also one of basic magnetic performance.
Magnetoelectric effect refers to that material produces electropolarized physical influence under additional magnetic fields.Magnetoelectric effect is the result of magnetic field and the electric field effect of intercoupling in material, only has in the symmetric monophase materials of particular crystal at some exist at occurring in nature, more rare.The mode obtaining magnetoelectric material is more easily by ferromagnet and piezoelectrics are carried out compound to obtain.After ferromagnet and piezoelectrics are carried out compound, when externally-applied magnetic field is applied to the material after compound, ferromagnet strains because magnetostrictive effect produces, this strain passes to piezoelectrics by interface portion, piezoelectrics are subject to effects of strain and deform, because piezoelectric effect produces electric polarization, finally make compound substance have applying magnetic field and produce electropolarized macro-effect.The magnetoelectric effect adopting complex method to obtain is a second-order effect, the magnetoelectric material that compound obtains high magnetoelectric effect can be carried out by selecting the material of the material and high-tension electricity behavior with high-magnetostriction behavior, therefore break natural restriction, enrich the kind of magnetoelectric material.Composite magnetic electric material, as a kind of new function material, has characteristic that is ferroelectric, ferromagnetic material simultaneously, may be used to make the next generation and have polyfunctional new device.The Novel magnetic power coupling performance of magnetoelectric material, may be used to make the new device based on magneto-electronic theory, in the devices such as novel sensor, transducer, storer, obtain application.
Due to the magnetoelectric effect of magnetoelectric material and magnetostriction behavior closely related, and magnetostriction behavior is closely related with the magnetic history of material internal, when therefore developing magnetoelectric material, usually all to test the magnetic hysteresis loop of magnetoelectric material, magnetoelectric loop wire and Magnetostrictive curve.In test in the past, three kinds of magnetic performance curves are normally tested separately.Magnetic history due to magnetic material has the effect of hysteresis usually, when respectively three kinds of performances being tested, in measuring for three times, the magnetic state of material may be not quite identical, especially for the magnetoelectric material being in initial magnetization state after demagnetization, the magnetic field applied during measurement in fact also creates magnetized effect to sample, after measuring the first magnetic performance, the magnetized state of sample there occurs change in fact.Therefore, when three kinds of magnetic performances are tested separately respectively, the measurement result of three kinds of magnetic performance curves in fact can not be completely mutually corresponding.So, in order to study the mutual relationship of three kinds of magnetic performances better, being starved of to develop and can applying the new equipment that single pass magnetic field just can obtain magnetic hysteresis loop, magnetoelectric loop wire and Magnetostrictive curve three kinds of magnetic performances simultaneously.At present, independent measurement magnetic hysteresis loop, magnetoelectric loop wire and Magnetostrictive curve have a lot of measuring techniques all respectively.Synchronously will carry out the measurement of three magnetic performances, the measuring technique needing selection three mutually not conflict combines.At present, the main method of testing of magnetic hysteresis loop has: fluxmeter method, VSM(vibrate magnetometer), SQUID(quantum disturbance superconductor detector), the method such as Kerr magnetooptical effect magnetometer ([2] Chen Haiying. the current situation of accurate magnetometer and application [J]. modern instrument, 2000, (6): 5-7).Fluxmeter method is comparatively simple, easily operates, but its precision of other technologies is lower relatively; VSM method is comparatively general, and precision is also higher, but sample is in vibrational state, can disturb the measurement of magnetostrictive effect; SQUID precision is very high, but cost is higher, and Measuring Time is very long; Kerr magnetooptical effect belongs to the analysis of microcell magnetized state, is generally only applicable to the analysis of microcell magnetic domain.
The main method of testing of Magnetostrictive curve has: electric resistance strain film method, differential capacitor method, Michelson interference mensuration, micrometric displacement TRANSFER METHOD ([3] Qu Shuanru, Dinke is diligent, Zhao Jingliang. the comparison [J] of four kinds of giant magnetostrictive material characteristic measurement methods. Electronic Testing, 2012, (2): 16-19; [4] Zhang Yongju, Lin Chaobin. the comparison [J] of magnetostriction experimental determining method. Taizhou University's journal, 2003,25(3): 49-51) etc.Differential capacitor method temperature stability is good, antijamming capability is strong, dynamic response good, is widely used in engineering; Michelson interferometry has higher precision, but sample is installed and light path adjustment is inconvenient; Strain gauge method have highly sensitive, measurement range is large, device is cheap, structure is simple, the advantage such as easy to use, is that the one that laboratory is generally used tests magnetostrictive method.
The method of testing of magnetoelectric effect has: the methods such as static method, dynamic method, pulsed field method (put to good use, Nan Cewen, Zhai Junyi, Cai Ning, Ma Jing, the coefficient tester for electromagnetic of magnetoelectric material and method of testing thereof, patent No. ZL200610165250.6 by [5]; [6] put to good use, Zeng Dewu, golden main forces, Zhang Jinbin, Ma Yunqing, Huang Yixiong, Wang Cuiping, Liu Xingjun, a kind of magnetoelectric loop wire test method of continuously applying scanning magnetic field and device thereof, patent No. ZL201010111469.4).Static method is very high to the resistance requirements of equipment, and measuring process is unstable, and user is little; The changes of magnetic field of pulsed field method is too rapid, is not suitable for synchronously carrying out with other test events.Dynamic method is method of testing commonplace at present, has very high accuracy and stability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide processing ease, measure a kind of magnetoelectric material magnetic performance synchronous testing device easily.
The present invention is provided with electromagnet, direct supply, signal generator, radome, helmholtz coil, lock-in amplifier, hall probe, detecting coil, fluxmeter, gaussmeter, foil gauge, strainmeter, data collector, computing machine;
Electromagnet is driven by direct supply, helmholtz coil is placed in the magnetic gap of electromagnet, sample is placed in helmholtz coil, the synchronous output end of signal generator is connected with the reference signal input end of lock-in amplifier, the magnetoelectricity signal output part of sample connects the input interface of lock-in amplifier, the input end of the output termination data collector of lock-in amplifier, the field signal of gaussmeter exports the input end of termination data collector, the input end of the output termination data collector of fluxmeter, strainmeter is connected with the input end of data collector, hall probe is positioned near sample, hall probe access gaussmeter, detecting coil is wrapped in around sample, the input end of the output termination fluxmeter of detecting coil, foil gauge is attached to the surface of sample, foil gauge is connected with strainmeter, radome covers on hall probe and detecting coil, computing machine is connected with data collector.
The present invention can gather magnetic flux, magnetoelectricity, the strain signal of magnetoelectric material simultaneously, is convenient to the magnetoelectric effect mechanism of production of analysis of magnetic electric material.By controlling direct supply, making electromagnet produce a positive negative triangular voltage sweep magnetic field and being applied on sample.Meanwhile, lock-in amplifier is adopted to be carried out amplifying and measuring by the output magnetoelectricity signal on sample; Adopt the strain signal that strain-ga(u)ge measurement sample produces; Adopt the magnetic induction density measuring sample of fluxmeter and detecting coil; Field signal is measured with hall probe; Finally adopt data collector synchronous acquisition magnetoelectricity, magnetic flux, strain and field signal, the signal computing machine of acquisition is carried out Storage and Processing, obtains magnetic hysteresis loop, magnetoelectric loop wire, the Magnetostrictive curve with synchronism.
Major technique effect of the present invention:
1) synchro measure of magnetic hysteresis loop, magnetoelectric loop wire, Magnetostrictive curve is achieved, can by analyzing three kinds of magnetic performances under identical magnetized state, the mechanism of production of research magnetoelectric effect.
2) method that magnetic hysteresis loop have employed fluxmeter is measured; Measure magnetoelectric loop wire and have employed perturbation method; Measure the method that magnetostriction have employed foil gauge; The degree of accuracy of three kinds of measuring techniques is all higher, and does not clash each other, and device is simple, is easy to operation.
3) adopt the mode of continuously applying scanning magnetic field, scanning magnetic field is a positive negative triangular wave, and one-shot measurement only needs the time of a few minutes, has very high measurement efficiency.
4) one-shot measurement with regard to synchronization gain magnetic hysteresis loop, magnetoelectric loop wire, Magnetostrictive curve, three tests are in the past become one-shot measurement, thus shorten the test duration, improve efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structure compositional block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the data handling procedure schematic diagram of synchronism detection.By the combination to each synchronizing signal collected, magnetoelectric loop wire, magnetic hysteresis loop, the Magnetostrictive curve with synchronism can be obtained.
Fig. 3 is the magnetoelectric loop wire of the Co/PZT magnetoelectric material that the magnetoelectricity signal that collects and field signal are made.
Fig. 4 is the magnetic hysteresis loop of the Co/PZT magnetoelectric material that the magnetic flux signal that collects and field signal are made.
Fig. 5 is the Magnetostrictive curve of the Co/PZT magnetoelectric material that the strain signal that collects and field signal are made.
Embodiment
Following examples will the present invention is described further by reference to the accompanying drawings.
See Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention is provided with electromagnet 2, direct supply 1, signal generator 5, radome 14, helmholtz coil 3, lock-in amplifier 6, hall probe 11, detecting coil 12, fluxmeter 9, gaussmeter 8, foil gauge 13, strainmeter 10, data collector 7, computing machine 15;
Electromagnet 2 is driven by direct supply 1, helmholtz coil 3 is placed in the magnetic gap of electromagnet 2, sample 4 is placed in helmholtz coil 3, the synchronous output end of signal generator 5 is connected with the reference signal input end of lock-in amplifier 6, the magnetoelectricity signal output part of sample 4 connects the input interface of lock-in amplifier 6, the input end of the output termination data collector 7 of lock-in amplifier 6, the field signal of gaussmeter 8 exports the input end of termination data collector 7, the input end of the output termination data collector 7 of fluxmeter 9, strainmeter 10 is connected with the input end of data collector 7, hall probe 11 is positioned near sample 4, hall probe 11 accesses gaussmeter 8, detecting coil 12 is wrapped in around sample 4, the input end of the output termination fluxmeter 9 of detecting coil 12, foil gauge 13 is attached to the surface of sample 4, foil gauge 13 is connected with strainmeter 10, radome 14 covers on hall probe 11 and detecting coil 12, computing machine 15 is connected with data collector 7.
Electromagnet 2 adopts the electromagnet of model U-85, and direct supply 1 adopts the direct supply of model U85D.Signal generator 5 adopts the signal generator of model DG2012A.Lock-in amplifier 6 adopts the lock-in amplifier of model SR830.Fluxmeter 9 adopts the fluxmeter of model PF-900.Data collector 7 adopts the data collector of model VishayScanner5000.Strainmeter 10 adopts the strainmeter of model VishayStrainGaugeCard.Gaussmeter 8 adopts the gaussmeter of model YL1020.Computing machine 15 is with supporting signals collecting software StrainSmart.
The present invention can synchronism detection magnetic hysteresis loop, magnetoelectric loop wire and Magnetostrictive curve.Its principle of work is: electromagnet is driven by direct supply, Non-follow control direct supply, and electromagnet produces positive negative equal-sized two continually varying triangular waves, is applied on sample; The synchronous signal output end of signal generator is connected with the reference signal input end of lock-in amplifier, and lock-in amplifier works under outside triggering mode; Signal generator drives helmholtz coil produce a perturbation magnetic field and put on sample; Grounded shield covers on the interference of sample surrounding shield extraneous electromagnetic field; The sample of magnetoelectric material is placed in the Yun Qiang district of electromagnet and helmholtz coil, the input end of the magnetoelectricity signal output part access lock-in amplifier that sample produces, lock-in amplifier amplifies and measures the magnetoelectricity signal of sample generation, exports with the form of amplitude and phase place; The amplitude exported by lock-in amplifier with data collecting card collection and phase signal; Foil gauge is affixed on the surface of sample, for measuring the magneto-strain of sample in magnetic field, and foil gauge access strainmeter, strainmeter carries out measuring also access data harvester to strain and carries out the collection of measurement result; Detecting coil is wound in sample center, adopts the magnetic flux in fluxmeter measurement sample, and adopts data collector to gather the measurement result of fluxmeter; Hall probe is placed near institute's test sample product, and is connected with gaussmeter, and measure the magnetic field of sample present position, the field signal data collector recorded gathers; Be connected with computing machine by data collector, the data acquisition software synchronous acquisition magnetoelectricity in start-up simulation machine, strain, magnetic flux, field signal, final data store in a computer.
The present invention adopts dynamic method to carry out the measurement of magnetoelectric loop wire.The present invention adopts strain gauge method to carry out the measurement of Magnetostrictive curve.The present invention adopts fluxmeter method to measure magnetic hysteresis loop.
The method step of synchronism detection magnetic hysteresis loop of the present invention, magnetoelectric loop wire, Magnetostrictive curve is as follows:
1) according to the annexation of magnetoelectric material magnetic performance synchronous testing device, the various piece of magnetoelectric material magnetic performance synchronous testing device is connected;
2) start the data acquisition software in instrument and computing machine, start electromagnet, function signal generator, drive helmholtz coil to produce perturbation magnetic field, start the testing tool that lock-in amplifier, fluxmeter, strainmeter, gaussmeter etc. are all;
3) by the input channel of the output terminal of function signal generator access lock-in amplifier, the output terminal access fluxmeter of detecting coil, foil gauge output terminal access strainmeter, puts into the helmholtz coil being arranged in electromagnet magnetic gap by sample;
4), after rezero operation being carried out to signal pickup assembly, image data is started;
5) Non-follow control direct supply, makes electromagnet produce a positive negative triangular voltage sweep magnetic field and be applied on sample;
6) after scanning magnetic field applies, the magnetoelectricity voltage of the synchro measure that storage of collected arrives, magneto-strain, magnetic flux, field signal data;
7) data obtained are carried out data processing, physical dimension per sample, institute's measured frequency, make magnetic hysteresis loop, magnetoelectric loop wire, Magnetostrictive curve.
Fig. 2 is the data handling procedure schematic diagram of synchronism detection.Concrete data handling procedure is:
1) carrying out in magnetoelectricity data processing and mapping process, take magnetic field as horizontal ordinate, with magnetoelectricity transformation ratio (α) for ordinate.Wherein the computing formula of magnetic-electric coefficient (α) is:
Wherein perturbation magnetic field is that helmholtz coil produced, and it gets different values according to the size of signal of signal generator output and the difference of frequency.
2) carrying out in magnetic hysteresis loop data processing and mapping process, take magnetic field as horizontal ordinate, with magnetic induction density (B) for ordinate.Wherein the computing formula of magnetic induction density (B) is:
The wherein area of area coil and the sample xsect vertical with magnetic direction.
3) when carrying out the mapping of Magnetostrictive curve, with magnetic field be horizontal ordinate with magneto-strain amount for ordinate is mapped.
Concrete implementation step is as follows:
First all appts is started during test.Then sample 4 is placed in the middle of helmholtz coil 3; The A/I interface of the magnetoelectricity output terminal access lock-in amplifier 6 of sample 4; Output terminal access fluxmeter 9 input interface of detecting coil 12 on sample 4; The output terminal access strainmeter 10 of the foil gauge 13 on sample 4.Signals collecting software in start-up simulation machine 15, and start image data after rezero operation is carried out to data collector.Electric current in slow adjustment direct supply, makes the triangular voltage sweep magnetic field of electromagnet generation from 0.5T to-0.5T.Computing machine gathers down magnetic field in this process, magnetoelectricity, magnetic flux, strain signal simultaneously.Utilize these data physical dimension per sample and institute's measured frequency to carry out data processing, mapping obtains Fig. 3 ~ 5.
Fig. 3 is the magnetoelectric loop wire figure that the field signal of the two-layer magnetoelectricity composite sample of the Co/PZT that collects and magnetoelectricity signal are done.Wherein the size in perturbation magnetic field is 1.56Oe. at 1 khz
Fig. 4 is the magnetic hysteresis loop figure that the field signal of the two-layer magnetoelectricity composite sample of the Co/PZT that collects and magnetic flux signal are done.Wherein the cross-sectional area of sample is 5.919mm
2, coil turn is 20.
Fig. 5 is the Magnetostrictive curve figure that the field signal of the two-layer magnetoelectricity composite sample of the Co/PZT that collects and strain signal are done.
Claims (1)
1. a magnetoelectric material magnetic performance synchronous testing device, is characterized in that being provided with electromagnet, direct supply, signal generator, radome, helmholtz coil, lock-in amplifier, hall probe, detecting coil, fluxmeter, gaussmeter, foil gauge, strainmeter, data collector, computing machine;
Electromagnet is driven by direct supply, helmholtz coil is placed in the magnetic gap of electromagnet, sample is placed in helmholtz coil, the synchronous output end of signal generator is connected with the reference signal input end of lock-in amplifier, the magnetoelectricity signal output part of sample connects the input interface of lock-in amplifier, the input end of the output termination data collector of lock-in amplifier, the field signal of gaussmeter exports the input end of termination data collector, the input end of the output termination data collector of fluxmeter, strainmeter is connected with the input end of data collector, hall probe is positioned near sample, hall probe access gaussmeter, detecting coil is wrapped in around sample, the input end of the output termination fluxmeter of detecting coil, foil gauge is attached to the surface of sample, foil gauge is connected with strainmeter, radome covers on hall probe and detecting coil, computing machine is connected with data collector.
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| CN104950270B (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2019-05-31 | 湖南省联众科技有限公司 | Hysteresis loop display methods and display system |
| CN105606982B (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2018-05-22 | 厦门市三安光电科技有限公司 | A kind of in-situ test system of iii-nitride light emitting devices magnetoelectricity stress coupling |
| CN108490375B (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2020-04-03 | 金华职业技术学院 | In-situ measurement method for sample magnetism |
| CN113156349B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2023-10-31 | 厦门理工学院 | Method and device for measuring magneto-mechanical characteristics of material |
| CN114688962B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-01-06 | 湖南大学 | System and method for measuring magnetostrictive strain of rare earth giant magnetostrictive material |
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